SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
(Main)Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services - Part 2: Geometry (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services - Part 2: Geometry (ISO 16757-2:2016)
ISO 16757-2:2016 describes the modelling of building services product geometry. The description is optimized for the interchange of product catalogue data and includes
- shapes for representing the product itself,
- symbolic shapes for the visualization of the product's function in schematic diagrams,
- spaces for functional requirements,
- surfaces for visualization, and
- ports to represent connectivity between different objects.
The shape and space geometry is expressed as Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) based on geometric primitives concatenated to boundary representations by Boolean operations. ISO 16757-2:2016 uses the applicable primitives from ISO 10303‑42 and from ISO 16739 and adds primitives which are required for the special geometry of building services products. For symbolic shapes, line elements are also used.
ISO 16757-2:2016 neither describes the inner structure and internal functionality of the product nor the manufacturing information because this is typically not published within a product catalogue.
Building services products can have millions of variant dimensions. To avoid the exchange of millions of geometries, a parametric model is introduced which allows the derivation of variant-specific geometries from the generic model. This is necessary to reduce the data to be exchanged in a catalogue to a manageable size. The parametric model will result in smaller data files, which can be easier transmitted during data exchanges.
The geometry model used does not contain any drawing information such as views, line styles or hatching.
Datenstrukturen für elektronische Produktkataloge der Technischen Gebäudeausrüstung - Teil 2: Geometrie (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Dieser Teil der ISO 16757 beschreibt die Modellierung der Produktgeometrie von Gebäude-Dienstleistungen. Die Beschreibung ist für den Austausch von Produktkatalogdaten optimiert und umfasst:
Gestaltdaten für die Darstellung des Produkts selbst;
symbolische Gestaltdaten für die Visualisierung der Funktion des Produkts in schematischen Darstellungen;
Räume für Funktionsanforderungen;
Oberflächen für die Visualisierung; und
Anschlüsse für die Darstellung der Konnektivität zwischen verschiedenen Objekten.
Die Gestalt- und Raumgeometrie wird als konstruktive Festkörpergeometrie (en: Constructive Solid Geometry, CSG) ausgedrückt, die auf mittels boolescher Operationen zu Begrenzungsflächen-Darstellungen (en: Boundary representation, b-rep) verbundenen geometrischen Primitiven basiert. Dieser Teil der ISO 16757 verwendet die anwendbaren Primitive von ISO 10303-42 und ISO 16739 und erweitert diese um Primitive, die für die besondere Geometrie von Produkten der technischen Gebäudeausrüstung erforderlich sind. Für eine symbolische Gestalt werden auch Linienelemente verwendet.
Dieser Teil der ISO 16757 beschreibt weder die innere Struktur des Produktes noch seine Funktion oder die Herstellungsinformationen, weil diese üblicherweise nicht in Produktkatalogen veröffentlicht werden.
Produkte der technischen Gebäudeausrüstung können Millionen von Größenvarianten haben. Um einen Austausch von entsprechend Millionen verschiedener Geometrien zu vermeiden, wird ein parametrisches Modell eingeführt, welches die Ableitung variantenspezifischer Geometrien von einem allgemeinen Modell ermöglicht. Dies ist notwendig, um die im Rahmen eines Kataloges auszutauschenden Daten auf eine überschaubare Größe zu reduzieren. Das angewendete parametrische Modell führt zu kleineren Datendateien, die sich im Rahmen eines Datenaustausches auf einfache Weise übermitteln lassen.
Das angewendete Geometriemodell enthält keine Zeichnungsinformationen wie Ansichten, Linienarten oder Schraffuren.
Structures de données pour catalogues électroniques de produits pour les services du bâtiment - Partie 2: Géométrie (ISO 16757-2:2016)
La présente partie de l'ISO 16757 décrit la modélisation de la géométrie des produits pour les services du bâtiment. La description est optimisée pour l'échange de données de catalogues de produits et inclut:
— les formes permettant de représenter le produit lui-même;
— les formes symboliques pour la visualisation de la fonction du produit sous forme de schémas;
— les espaces pour les exigences fonctionnelles;
— les surfaces pour la visualisation; et
— les interfaces pour représenter la connectivité entre différents objets.
La forme et la géométrie spatiale sont exprimées au moyen de la géométrie de construction de solides (CSG) sur la base de primitives géométriques concaténées en représentations de limites au moyen d'opérations booléennes. La présente partie de l'ISO 16757 utilise les primitives applicables tirées de l'ISO 10303-42 et de l'ISO 16739, et ajoute des primitives qui sont exigées pour la géométrie spéciale des produits pour les services du bâtiment. Des éléments linéaires sont également utilisés pour les formes symboliques.
La présente partie de l'ISO 16757 ne décrit pas la structure intérieure et la fonctionnalité interne du produit ni les informations de fabrication, car ces éléments ne sont généralement pas publiés dans un catalogue de produits.
Les produits pour les services du bâtiment peuvent avoir des millions de variantes de dimensions. Pour éviter l'échange de millions de géométries, un modèle paramétrique est introduit pour permettre la dérivation de géométries de variantes spécifiques à partir du modèle générique. Cela est nécessaire pour réduire la quantité de données à échanger dans un catalogue à une taille qu'il est possible de gérer. Le modèle paramétrique créera des fichiers de données de plus petite taille qui peuvent être plus facilement transmis au cours d'échanges de données.
Le modèle géométrique utilisé ne contient aucune information de dessin, comme des vues, des styles de traits ou des hachures.
Podatkovne strukture digitalnih knjižnic gradnikov stavbnih sistemov - 2. del: Geometrija (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Standard ISO 16757-2:2016 opisuje modeliranje geometrije gradnikov stavbnih sistemov. Opis je optimiziran za izmenjavo podatkov knjižice gradnikov in vključuje:
– oblike za predstavljanje samega gradnika,
– simbolične oblike za vizualizacijo funkcijskih in shematskih prikazov gradnikov,
– prostore za funkcionalne zahteve,
– površine za vizualizacijo in
– vrata, ki predstavljajo povezljivost med različnimi objekti.
Geometrija oblike in prostora je izražena kot konstruktivna geometrija trdnih teles (CSG), ki temelji na geometrijskih primitivih, povezanih z mejnimi predstavitvami Boolovih operacij. Standard ISO 16757-2:2016 uporablja ustrezne primitive iz standardov ISO 10303‑42 in ISO 16739 ter dodaja primitive, ki so zahtevani za posebno geometrijo gradnikov stavbnih sistemov. Za simbolične oblike se uporabljajo tudi linijski elementi.
Standard ISO 16757-2:2016 ne opisuje notranje strukture in notranje funkcionalnosti gradnika ter podatkov o proizvodnji, ker to običajno ni objavljeno v knjižici gradnikov.
Gradniki stavbnih sistemov imajo lahko na milijone različnih dimenzij. V izogib izmenjavi več milijonov geometrij je predstavljen parametrični model, ki omogoča izpeljavo variantnih geometrij iz generičnega modela. To je nujno potrebno za zmanjšanje količine podatkov, ki se izmenjuje v katalogu, na obvladljivo velikost. Parametrični model zagotavlja manjše podatkovne datoteke, ki jih je lažje prenašati med izmenjavo podatkov.
Uporabljeni geometrijski model ne vsebuje nobenih podatkov o risbi, kot so pogledi, slogi črt ali črtkanje.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
01-september-2019
Podatkovne strukture digitalnih knjižnic gradnikov stavbnih sistemov - 2. del:
Geometrija (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services - Part 2: Geometry
(ISO 16757-2:2016)
Datenstrukturen für elektronische Produktkataloge der Technischen Gebäudeausrüstung
- Teil 2: Geometrie (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Structures de données pour catalogues électroniques de produits pour les services du
bâtiment - Partie 2: Géométrie (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16757-2:2019
ICS:
35.240.67 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in building
gradbeništvu and construction industry
91.010.01 Gradbeništvo na splošno Construction industry in
general
SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
EN ISO 16757-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.010.01
English Version
Data structures for electronic product catalogues for
building services - Part 2: Geometry (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Structures de données pour catalogues électroniques Datenstrukturen für elektronische Produktkataloge
de produits pour les services du bâtiment - Partie 2: der Technischen Gebäudeausrüstung - Teil 2:
Géométrie (ISO 16757-2:2016) Geometrie (ISO 16757-2:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 May 2019.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16757-2:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
EN ISO 16757-2:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
EN ISO 16757-2:2019 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 16757-2:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 59 "Buildings and
civil engineering works” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken
over as EN ISO 16757-2:2019 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 442 “Building Information Modelling
(BIM)” the secretariat of which is held by SN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2019, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
After the finalization of ISO 16757-2 and during the process of its adoption as a European standard,
CEN/TC 442 has started to develop standards about the “level of information need” which include the
“level of geometry”. Throughout the lifecycle of a built asset, e.g. for a building, different levels of
geometric information about the products are needed.
The product catalogue permits information to be exchanged in accordance with the required level of
information need.
The various geometric levels of ISO 16757-2 support the inclusion of products in an information
container according to a required level of geometry.
ISO 16757-2, 6.2, defines methods of providing multiple levels of geometry which, in accordance with
industry experience, should be available in a product catalogue. For a clearer description of detail and
the extent of geometry, users are advised to apply the upcoming standards that are being drafted by
CEN/TC 442 as well:
prEN 17412 Building Information Modelling - Level of Information Need - Concepts and principles
prEN ISO 23386 Building information modelling and other digital processes used in construction -
Methodology to describe, author and maintain properties in interconnected dictionaries
prEN ISO 23387 Building Information Modelling (BIM) - Data templates for construction objects used in
the life cycle of any built asset - Concepts and principles
There are two planned parts of ISO 16757 which are also closely related to current projects of CEN/TC
442:
— Part 4 will describe the use of dictionaries for capturing the properties of products. Part 4 will be
based on ISO 12006-3 and on the European standards EN ISO 23386 and EN ISO 23387 which are
being developed in CEN/TC 442/WG 4.
— Part 5 will describe the catalogue exchange format. This format will be based on the work in
CEN/TC 442/WG 2 to use IFC for the exchange of product data.
3
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
EN ISO 16757-2:2019 (E)
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16757-2:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16757-2:2019 without any
modification.
4
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16757-2
First edition
2016-11-15
Data structures for electronic product
catalogues for building services —
Part 2:
Geometry
Structures de données pour catalogues électroniques de produits pour
les services du bâtiment —
Partie 2: Géométrie
Reference number
ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Catalogue structure and catalogue information . 2
5 Geometry . 4
5.1 Shapes . 6
5.2 Symbolic shapes . 6
5.3 Space data. 6
5.3.1 Overall space . 6
5.3.2 Minimum operation space . 7
5.3.3 Access space . 7
5.3.4 Placement and transportation space. 7
5.3.5 Installation space. 7
5.4 Surfaces . 7
5.5 Ports . 7
6 Methodology of geometric description . 8
6.1 Principle of geometric representation . 8
6.2 Level of detail . 8
6.3 Surfaces .10
6.4 Ports .12
6.5 Generation of parameter values for the geometry .13
7 Geometry elements .15
7.1 CSG form primitives .18
7.2 CSG sheet metal primitives .18
7.3 Expanded CSG primitives .19
7.4 Mapping of ISO 16757 geometry to parametrizable STEP and IFC geometry .19
Annex A (normative) Additional geometry elements .23
Bibliography .82
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 13, Organization of information about construction works.
A list of all the parts in the ISO 16757 series can be found on the ISO website.
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
Introduction
There is a growing need for electronic, machine-readable, digital information about building services.
The designers in building services have to execute detailed calculations and simulations to ensure
saving of energy and to satisfy hygienic and comfort criteria in heating, ventilation, air conditioning,
and sanitary plants. Designers must have access to more complete and more accurate documentation
to address these needs. The resulting designs have to describe the complete building services system
without internal interference to avoid collision with other systems and components and the building
structure.
These requirements can only be achieved with modern building services applications such as computer-
aided design (CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) systems, calculation programmes, BIM
tools, and management software. The software systems need exact data of the used plant components
because each component contributes to the performance of the whole building.
Thus, an international standard is required to provide the models and definitions for product catalogue
data exchange.
Such a standard eliminates the need to manage different data formats or to use different manufacturer-
specific software systems to deal with products of different manufacturers. The standard will lead
to a significant reduction of costs for manufacturers and users. Integrating this data into building
information modelling (BIM) systems allows data interchange between information technology (IT)
systems. In addition to the benefits of planning, there will be further advantages for other software
solutions, such as facility management and life-cycle management.
This part of ISO 16757 offers for the first time an interface which allows the uniform handling of data
about technical, maintenance and service, as well as geometry, images, video and text information.
The objectives of this part of ISO 16757 are to facilitate
— automatic integration of catalogue data of all manufacturers in engineering applications such as
CAD, CAE, dimensioning and calculation systems,
— uniform product selection across manufacturers,
— dimensioning of products using manufacturers’ algorithms,
— possibility to recalculate and re-simulate the whole system with data of all building services
components as often as required, and
— standardized representation of technical data for data exchange and life-cycle management.
This part of ISO 16757 specifically provides definitions and specifications for modelling and exchanging
geometric information of building services components.
ISO 16757-1 gives the overview about the standard and the rationale for its elements and organization.
This document defines the geometric elements which are used to represent the products in ISO 16757
catalogues. ISO 16757-3 defines the script language used in ISO 16757 (all parts) for various purposes.
ISO 16757-4 contains IDM descriptions for ISO 16757 (all parts), including process descriptions for those
processes which are to be supported by the standard and it comprises the rules for mapping of product
and the property descriptions to IFC and for defining properties semantically with IFD. ISO 16757-5
defines an exchange format in XML by which electronic catalogues can be exchanged according to the
definitions of ISO 16757 (all parts). The exchange format will be specified as an XML Schema Definition
(XSD). The content parts of ISO 16757 will define standardized properties for the product groups and
the composition of the technical data model. Furthermore, the content parts of ISO 16757 determine
the specific programming function-interfaces to layout, calculate and simulate the products.
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
Data structures for electronic product catalogues for
building services —
Part 2:
Geometry
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16757 describes the modelling of building services product geometry. The description
is optimized for the interchange of product catalogue data and includes
— shapes for representing the product itself,
— symbolic shapes for the visualization of the product’s function in schematic diagrams,
— spaces for functional requirements,
— surfaces for visualization, and
— ports to represent connectivity between different objects.
The shape and space geometry is expressed as Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) based on geometric
primitives concatenated to boundary representations by Boolean operations. This part of ISO 16757
uses the applicable primitives from ISO 10303-42 and from ISO 16739 and adds primitives which are
required for the special geometry of building services products. For symbolic shapes, line elements are
also used.
This part of ISO 16757 neither describes the inner structure and internal functionality of the product
nor the manufacturing information because this is typically not published within a product catalogue.
Building services products can have millions of variant dimensions. To avoid the exchange of millions
of geometries, a parametric model is introduced which allows the derivation of variant-specific
geometries from the generic model. This is necessary to reduce the data to be exchanged in a catalogue
to a manageable size. The parametric model will result in smaller data files, which can be easier
transmitted during data exchanges.
The geometry model used does not contain any drawing information such as views, line styles or
hatching.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16757-1, Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services — Part 1: Concepts,
architecture and model
ISO 6707-1,Buildings and civil engineering works — Vocabulary — Part 1: General Terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16757-1 and ISO 6707-1 and
the following apply.
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
product shape
geometric representation of the space defined by the product’s external boundaries
3.2
product surface
coloured and textured outer boundary of the product’s shape whose rendered appearance responds to
relative lighting and viewing angles
3.3
port
located, oriented and directed feature of the product’s geometry model (1) for connecting the product
with other ports to transfer media or (2) to fasten the product to other products, accessories, walls,
ceilings, floors, etc. or (3) for executing control
3.4
solid model
complete representation of the nominal shape of a product such that all points in the interior are
connected and that any point can be classified as being inside, outside or on the boundary of a solid.
[SOURCE: ISO 10303-42:2014, 6.4.1]
3.5
parametrizable primitive solid
model of a defined primitive solid, e.g. a block, cylinder, sphere or cone whose dimensions are
represented by parameters to generate variants
3.6
constructive solid geometry
CSG
type of geometric modelling in which a solid is defined as the result of a sequence of regularised Boolean
operations operating on solid models
[SOURCE: ISO 10303-42]
3.7
clipping
operation applied to a geometric model to remove parts of the model beyond a defined boundary
4 Catalogue structure and catalogue information
All kinds of product data in the scope of ISO 16757 can be transmitted in a product catalogue data file.
The catalogue structure which is explained in more depth in ISO 16757-1 is depicted in Figure 1.
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ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
Figure 1 — Overview of the elements of a catalogue and the kinds of properties
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SIST EN ISO 16757-2:2019
ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
5 Geometry
Geometry objects are representation objects in a catalogue. They can represent a product, an accessory
or a part of one of them (see Figure 2).
Figure 2 — Overview of the geometric elements of a catalogue and the kind of data objects
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ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
Geometry contains different kinds of geometric data:
— shapes;
— symbolic shapes;
— spaces;
— surfaces;
— ports.
The shapes, symbolic shapes and spaces are built by CSG trees. The leaves are geometric primitives
(see Clause 7). For each primitive, a number of attributes have been defined which have to be supplied
with concrete values to build the respective shapes. The inner nodes are CSG operators which also may
have attributes that need to be fed by values. In the same way, attributes are specified for ports, and by
filling in specific values for the attributes, specific ports are described.
To support the representation of a number of variants, each geometric representation is abstract, i.e.
the attributes are not filled by fixed values for each product. Rather, the attribute values are described
by formulas which use geometric properties as their parameters. These geometric properties are
defined by the manufacturer, i.e. they are specific for the catalogue and may be different from catalogue
to catalogue.
The geometric properties provide specific values for each product. They have to be computed for each
product on the basis of the technical property values of that specific product variant. Thus, they are
derived properties, and they are provided with a function which computes the actual value of the
property for a given product variant (see ISO 16757-1). Some geometric properties may also be dynamic,
i.e. they depend not only on the product properties, but also on conditions in the environment of the
installed product.
A single product can consist of one or more components (see Figure 3). Each component of such a
product shall be described as a separate geometric entity.
Figure 3 — Single product (heater with heat exchanger and water storage) as an assembly of
components
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ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
5.1 Shapes
Shapes support the visualization of the product as a 3D geometry model (see Figure 4). In addition,
they are required for interference checking with other shapes and spaces in the building model or the
building services system model surrounding the building services product.
Figure 4 — Shape of a valve
5.2 Symbolic shapes
In addition to shapes, symbolic shapes are useful for the understanding of the model in visualizations
and drawings. To illustrate, a 3D representation of a valve’s shape cannot give information provided by
a symbolic shape, e.g. a valve symbol will give additional information about the type of the valve, its
function and form of activation.
The symbolic shape object also contains information about whether it is 2D or 3D.
The method for describing symbolic shapes is the same as that for shape data.
5.3 Space data
The description of the product’s shape alone is not sufficient to check whether a product is correctly
installed into the building services system. Many pieces of equipment need an operation space in front
of their control or display panel, and additional space for installation and/or assembly (see Figure 5).
Spaces are categorized as follows.
5.3.1 Overall space
The space required for preliminary automatic interference checks by CAD systems, including all other
spaces: the minimum operation space, the access space, the placement and transportation space and
the installation space of the product.
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5.3.2 Minimum operation space
The space needed by the product to function correctly, including spaces of opening doors, hatches, etc.
5.3.3 Access space
The space required by operators when maintaining and operating the product.
5.3.4 Placement and transportation space
The space needed by the largest single subassembly into which the product can be broken down to
allow it to be moved in or out of the building to or from its place of installation.
5.3.5 Installation space
The space necessary for the onsite assembly and installation or de-installation of the product.
Figure 5 — Spaces of a product
The overall space is described by one single CSG primitive that represents an amalgamation of the
product shape and all other spaces noted.
The other spaces can be assembled using one or
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 16757-2:2018
01-oktober-2018
Podatkovne strukture za kataloge elektronskih izdelkov za gradbene storitve - 2.
del: Geometrija (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services - Part 2: Geometry
(ISO 16757-2:2016)
Datenstrukturen für elektronische Produktkataloge der Technischen Gebäudeausrüstung
- Teil 2: Geometrie (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Structures de données pour catalogues électroniques de produits pour les services du
bâtiment - Partie 2: Géométrie (ISO 16757-2:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 16757-2
ICS:
35.240.67 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in building
gradbeništvu and construction industry
91.010.01 Gradbeništvo na splošno Construction industry in
general
oSIST prEN ISO 16757-2:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 16757-2:2018
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16757-2
First edition
2016-11-15
Data structures for electronic product
catalogues for building services —
Part 2:
Geometry
Structures de données pour catalogues électroniques de produits pour
les services du bâtiment —
Partie 2: Géométrie
Reference number
ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
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ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
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copyright@iso.org
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Catalogue structure and catalogue information . 2
5 Geometry . 4
5.1 Shapes . 6
5.2 Symbolic shapes . 6
5.3 Space data. 6
5.3.1 Overall space . 6
5.3.2 Minimum operation space . 7
5.3.3 Access space . 7
5.3.4 Placement and transportation space. 7
5.3.5 Installation space. 7
5.4 Surfaces . 7
5.5 Ports . 7
6 Methodology of geometric description . 8
6.1 Principle of geometric representation . 8
6.2 Level of detail . 8
6.3 Surfaces .10
6.4 Ports .12
6.5 Generation of parameter values for the geometry .13
7 Geometry elements .15
7.1 CSG form primitives .18
7.2 CSG sheet metal primitives .18
7.3 Expanded CSG primitives .19
7.4 Mapping of ISO 16757 geometry to parametrizable STEP and IFC geometry .19
Annex A (normative) Additional geometry elements .23
Bibliography .82
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 13, Organization of information about construction works.
A list of all the parts in the ISO 16757 series can be found on the ISO website.
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Introduction
There is a growing need for electronic, machine-readable, digital information about building services.
The designers in building services have to execute detailed calculations and simulations to ensure
saving of energy and to satisfy hygienic and comfort criteria in heating, ventilation, air conditioning,
and sanitary plants. Designers must have access to more complete and more accurate documentation
to address these needs. The resulting designs have to describe the complete building services system
without internal interference to avoid collision with other systems and components and the building
structure.
These requirements can only be achieved with modern building services applications such as computer-
aided design (CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) systems, calculation programmes, BIM
tools, and management software. The software systems need exact data of the used plant components
because each component contributes to the performance of the whole building.
Thus, an international standard is required to provide the models and definitions for product catalogue
data exchange.
Such a standard eliminates the need to manage different data formats or to use different manufacturer-
specific software systems to deal with products of different manufacturers. The standard will lead
to a significant reduction of costs for manufacturers and users. Integrating this data into building
information modelling (BIM) systems allows data interchange between information technology (IT)
systems. In addition to the benefits of planning, there will be further advantages for other software
solutions, such as facility management and life-cycle management.
This part of ISO 16757 offers for the first time an interface which allows the uniform handling of data
about technical, maintenance and service, as well as geometry, images, video and text information.
The objectives of this part of ISO 16757 are to facilitate
— automatic integration of catalogue data of all manufacturers in engineering applications such as
CAD, CAE, dimensioning and calculation systems,
— uniform product selection across manufacturers,
— dimensioning of products using manufacturers’ algorithms,
— possibility to recalculate and re-simulate the whole system with data of all building services
components as often as required, and
— standardized representation of technical data for data exchange and life-cycle management.
This part of ISO 16757 specifically provides definitions and specifications for modelling and exchanging
geometric information of building services components.
ISO 16757-1 gives the overview about the standard and the rationale for its elements and organization.
This document defines the geometric elements which are used to represent the products in ISO 16757
catalogues. ISO 16757-3 defines the script language used in ISO 16757 (all parts) for various purposes.
ISO 16757-4 contains IDM descriptions for ISO 16757 (all parts), including process descriptions for those
processes which are to be supported by the standard and it comprises the rules for mapping of product
and the property descriptions to IFC and for defining properties semantically with IFD. ISO 16757-5
defines an exchange format in XML by which electronic catalogues can be exchanged according to the
definitions of ISO 16757 (all parts). The exchange format will be specified as an XML Schema Definition
(XSD). The content parts of ISO 16757 will define standardized properties for the product groups and
the composition of the technical data model. Furthermore, the content parts of ISO 16757 determine
the specific programming function-interfaces to layout, calculate and simulate the products.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16757-2:2016(E)
Data structures for electronic product catalogues for
building services —
Part 2:
Geometry
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16757 describes the modelling of building services product geometry. The description
is optimized for the interchange of product catalogue data and includes
— shapes for representing the product itself,
— symbolic shapes for the visualization of the product’s function in schematic diagrams,
— spaces for functional requirements,
— surfaces for visualization, and
— ports to represent connectivity between different objects.
The shape and space geometry is expressed as Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) based on geometric
primitives concatenated to boundary representations by Boolean operations. This part of ISO 16757
uses the applicable primitives from ISO 10303-42 and from ISO 16739 and adds primitives which are
required for the special geometry of building services products. For symbolic shapes, line elements are
also used.
This part of ISO 16757 neither describes the inner structure and internal functionality of the product
nor the manufacturing information because this is typically not published within a product catalogue.
Building services products can have millions of variant dimensions. To avoid the exchange of millions
of geometries, a parametric model is introduced which allows the derivation of variant-specific
geometries from the generic model. This is necessary to reduce the data to be exchanged in a catalogue
to a manageable size. The parametric model will result in smaller data files, which can be easier
transmitted during data exchanges.
The geometry model used does not contain any drawing information such as views, line styles or
hatching.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16757-1, Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services — Part 1: Concepts,
architecture and model
ISO 6707-1,Buildings and civil engineering works — Vocabulary — Part 1: General Terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16757-1 and ISO 6707-1 and
the following apply.
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ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
product shape
geometric representation of the space defined by the product’s external boundaries
3.2
product surface
coloured and textured outer boundary of the product’s shape whose rendered appearance responds to
relative lighting and viewing angles
3.3
port
located, oriented and directed feature of the product’s geometry model (1) for connecting the product
with other ports to transfer media or (2) to fasten the product to other products, accessories, walls,
ceilings, floors, etc. or (3) for executing control
3.4
solid model
complete representation of the nominal shape of a product such that all points in the interior are
connected and that any point can be classified as being inside, outside or on the boundary of a solid.
[SOURCE: ISO 10303-42:2014, 6.4.1]
3.5
parametrizable primitive solid
model of a defined primitive solid, e.g. a block, cylinder, sphere or cone whose dimensions are
represented by parameters to generate variants
3.6
constructive solid geometry
CSG
type of geometric modelling in which a solid is defined as the result of a sequence of regularised Boolean
operations operating on solid models
[SOURCE: ISO 10303-42]
3.7
clipping
operation applied to a geometric model to remove parts of the model beyond a defined boundary
4 Catalogue structure and catalogue information
All kinds of product data in the scope of ISO 16757 can be transmitted in a product catalogue data file.
The catalogue structure which is explained in more depth in ISO 16757-1 is depicted in Figure 1.
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Figure 1 — Overview of the elements of a catalogue and the kinds of properties
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5 Geometry
Geometry objects are representation objects in a catalogue. They can represent a product, an accessory
or a part of one of them (see Figure 2).
Figure 2 — Overview of the geometric elements of a catalogue and the kind of data objects
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Geometry contains different kinds of geometric data:
— shapes;
— symbolic shapes;
— spaces;
— surfaces;
— ports.
The shapes, symbolic shapes and spaces are built by CSG trees. The leaves are geometric primitives
(see Clause 7). For each primitive, a number of attributes have been defined which have to be supplied
with concrete values to build the respective shapes. The inner nodes are CSG operators which also may
have attributes that need to be fed by values. In the same way, attributes are specified for ports, and by
filling in specific values for the attributes, specific ports are described.
To support the representation of a number of variants, each geometric representation is abstract, i.e.
the attributes are not filled by fixed values for each product. Rather, the attribute values are described
by formulas which use geometric properties as their parameters. These geometric properties are
defined by the manufacturer, i.e. they are specific for the catalogue and may be different from catalogue
to catalogue.
The geometric properties provide specific values for each product. They have to be computed for each
product on the basis of the technical property values of that specific product variant. Thus, they are
derived properties, and they are provided with a function which computes the actual value of the
property for a given product variant (see ISO 16757-1). Some geometric properties may also be dynamic,
i.e. they depend not only on the product properties, but also on conditions in the environment of the
installed product.
A single product can consist of one or more components (see Figure 3). Each component of such a
product shall be described as a separate geometric entity.
Figure 3 — Single product (heater with heat exchanger and water storage) as an assembly of
components
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5.1 Shapes
Shapes support the visualization of the product as a 3D geometry model (see Figure 4). In addition,
they are required for interference checking with other shapes and spaces in the building model or the
building services system model surrounding the building services product.
Figure 4 — Shape of a valve
5.2 Symbolic shapes
In addition to shapes, symbolic shapes are useful for the understanding of the model in visualizations
and drawings. To illustrate, a 3D representation of a valve’s shape cannot give information provided by
a symbolic shape, e.g. a valve symbol will give additional information about the type of the valve, its
function and form of activation.
The symbolic shape object also contains information about whether it is 2D or 3D.
The method for describing symbolic shapes is the same as that for shape data.
5.3 Space data
The description of the product’s shape alone is not sufficient to check whether a product is correctly
installed into the building services system. Many pieces of equipment need an operation space in front
of their control or display panel, and additional space for installation and/or assembly (see Figure 5).
Spaces are categorized as follows.
5.3.1 Overall space
The space required for preliminary automatic interference checks by CAD systems, including all other
spaces: the minimum operation space, the access space, the placement and transportation space and
the installation space of the product.
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5.3.2 Minimum operation space
The space needed by the product to function correctly, including spaces of opening doors, hatches, etc.
5.3.3 Access space
The space required by operators when maintaining and operating the product.
5.3.4 Placement and transportation space
The space needed by the largest single subassembly into which the product can be broken down to
allow it to be moved in or out of the building to or from its place of installation.
5.3.5 Installation space
The space necessary for the onsite assembly and installation or de-installation of the product.
Figure 5 — Spaces of a product
The overall space is described by one single CSG primitive that represents an amalgamation of the
product shape and all other spaces noted.
The other spaces can be assembled using one or more geometric primitives. They are configured in the
same way as the shape itself.
5.4 Surfaces
Surfaces describe the colour and the texture of the product surface. Each different combination of
colour and texture is listed once in the exchange data file and is referenced by geometric data.
5.5 Ports
Ports have to provide all the data which are necessary to identify product ports within a building
services system model and to determine whether pairs of ports fit, or not.
Sufficiently described ports allow the automated installation of building services components in a
system (e.g. automatic alignment) and for geometric checks to determine whether proper installation
into a system is feasible.
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The ports of a product can be categorized as
— media-carrying ports (carrying media (e.g. gas or liquid) to pipes, ducts, valves, fittings, etc.);
— fastening ports (means to fasten product to accessories, walls, ceilings, floors, etc.);
— control and monitoring signal ports.
If the software application analyses port information, it can automatically position the product relative
to other system components, or offer alternative positions, e.g. placing a water heater on top, beside or
behind a boiler. The same principle holds for fans and mounting frames, pumps and base frames, etc.
For this purpose, the ports have to be checked for functional and geometrical fitting.
6 Methodology of geometric description
6.1 Principle of geometric representation
The geometric representation of products in product catalogues comprises four main parts.
a) A combination of 3D solid primitives and the order to combine them by Boolean operations. This
can be used to represent the product’s shape, its symbolic geometry or the product’s spaces.
The positions and dimensions of the primitives can be constants, variables or mathematical rules
using constants and variables. One combination of 3D solid primitives can be used for the geometric
representation of a large range of product variants in a product series.
b) A definition of the product’s surfaces to describe their visual appearance by allocation of a material
definition.
c) A description of the product’s ports to the building services system or other products, including
their positions, directions and dimensions
d) A function (‘get_geometry_values’) or a set of functions which retrieve the property values of a
product required for the calculation of its geometry. Together with the 3D-solid primitives, the
surface values and the coordinate systems, these property values form the geometric representation
of a single, identifiable product (see 6.5).
6.2 Level of detail
It is not unusual for a building to contain thousands of building services products. If they are all
represented in great detail in a geometric building model, the data volume will increase dramatically.
Designers who use, for instance, thousands of radiators and radiator valves in one building model are
not interested in a detailed view of the product. In drawings with large scales, a symbolic reference or
less detailed visualization can be more informative than a detailed one.
A detailed visual impression of the product is often only required in certain instances. For example,
when selecting a product, designers are usually very interested in its detailed geometry.
Levels of detail will be used in different documentations.
a) Schema drawing:
1) Horizontal schema (e.g. for air condition flow plans):
i) Pipes and ducts are represented by two parallel guided lines in 2D;
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ii) Devices are represented by 2D symbols;
2) Vertical schema (e.g. for potable water plans, sewage plans and heating plans):
i) Pipes and ducts are represented by one guided line in 2D;
ii) Devices are represented by generic 2D symbols;
3) Isometric schema (e.g. for piping plans):
i) Pipes and ducts are represented by one guided line in 3D;
ii) Devices are represented by generic 3D symbols.
b) Spatial representation:
The spatial representation is very much dependent on the usage and the user.
EXAMPLE:
1) Building services system product manufacturers are interested in a nearly photo-realistic
geometric representation which gives maximum information about the product.
2) Building services system designers are interested in a geometric representation which gives
minimum information about the kind of the products for sizing, selecting, installing and
operating.
3) Architects are interested in
— a generic representation of pipes and devices to realize room management, and
— a detailed representation of pipes and devices to get a visual impression of the visible parts
of the building services systems (e.g. air outlets, radiators, visible pipes, visible ducts and
other visible technical devices).
4) Owners, supervisors and general contractors are interested in a dynamic floating
representation of pipes and devices, less detailed in an overview and more detailed while
zoomed, for to check interoperability.
5) Users of receiving or interpreting applications are interested in a good performance of their
software system.
To fulfil all these requirements, ISO 16757 provides for each building services product the following
parallel levels of geometric details to design building services systems.
Level 1:
Less detailed symbolic shape geometry to design schemas as overview of building services systems.
The symbol stands for the main function of the product. The symbol distinguishes, for example, a fire
damper from a duct, a radiator from a heater, a bath tub from a sink and a valve from a pressure gauge.
The geometry can contain four symbolic shapes to be used as a 2D top view, a 2D front view, a 2D side
vi
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