SIST EN 378-4:2008
(Main)Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery
The scope of EN 378-1:2007 is applicable.
This European Standard specifies requirements for safety and environmental aspects in relation to operation, maintenance, and repair of refrigerating systems and the recovery, reuse and disposal of all types of refrigerant, refrigerant oil, heat transfer medium, refrigerating system and part thereof.
These requirements are intended to minimise risks of injury to persons and damage to property and the environment resulting from improper handling of the refrigerants or from contaminants leading to system breakdown and resultant emission of the refrigerant.
Certain clauses and subclauses of this European Standard are not applicable to unit systems self contained systems and systems built on site which operate with charges of refrigerant up to 3 kg of refrigerant.
These subclauses are 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1.1 to 5.1.4, 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.3.3 and 6.6.
For these systems, the necessary maintenance has to be described in the instruction manual and should
repairs be necessary, contact the nearest authorised repair service centre.
Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Teil 4: Betrieb, Instandhaltung, Instandsetzung und Rückgewinnung
Es gilt der Anwendungsbereich von EN 378-1:2008.
Dieser Teil 4 der Europäischen Norm legt Anforderungen fest zu den sicherheitstechnischen und umweltrelevanten
Aspekten bei Betrieb, Instandhaltung und Instandsetzung von Kälteanlagen und bei der
Rückgewinnung, Wiederverwendung und Entsorgung aller Arten von Kältemitteln, Kältemittelöl,
Wärmeträgern, der Kälteanlage sowie Teilen der Kälteanlage.
Diese Anforderungen haben den Zweck, Verletzungsgefahren für Personen sowie Schäden an Sachen und
der Umwelt zu minimieren, die sich aus unsachgemäßem Umgang mit Kältemitteln ergeben oder durch
Verunreinigungen, die zu einem Ausfall der Anlage und nachfolgender Kältemittelemission führen.
Bestimmte Abschnitte und Unterabschnitte in diesem Teil 4 gelten nicht für betriebsfertige Kältesätze,
Kältesätze und vor Ort errichtete Anlagen, die mit Kältemittel-Füllmengen bis zu 3 kg betrieben werden.
Dies sind die Unterabschnitte 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.3, 5.1.1 bis 5.1.4, 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.3.3 und 6.6.
Für diese Anlagen müssen die erforderlichen Instandhaltungsmaßnahmen im Bedienungs-Handbuch
beschrieben werden und bei anfallenden Instandsetzungsarbeiten ist der nächstliegende zugelassene
Wartungsdienst zu kontaktieren.
Systèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement - Partie 4: Fonctionnement, maintenance, réparation et récupération
Le domaine d’application de l’EN 378-1:2008 est applicable.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences en matière de sécurité et d'environnement relatives au
fonctionnement, à la maintenance, à la réparation des systèmes de réfrigération et à la récupération,
réutilisation et mise au rebut de tous les types de fluides frigorigènes, d’huiles de systèmes de réfrigération,
de fluides caloporteurs, de systèmes de réfrigération et de parties de ceux-ci.
Ces exigences sont destinées à minimiser les risques de blessures aux personnes et de dommages aux
biens et à l'environnement résultant d'une mauvaise manutention des fluides frigorigènes ou de polluants
entraînant une panne du système et l'émission consécutive de fluide frigorigène.
Certains articles et paragraphes de la présente Norme européenne ne sont pas applicables aux systèmes
monoblocs et systèmes fabriqués sur le site qui fonctionnent avec une charge de fluide frigorigène inférieure
à 3 kg.
Ces paragraphes sont 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1.1 à 5.1.4, 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.3.3 et 6.6.
Pour ces systèmes, les opérations de maintenance nécessaires doivent être décrites dans un manuel
d'instructions et, lorsque des réparations sont nécessaires, il convient de contacter le centre de réparation
habilité le plus proche.
Hladilni sistemi in toplotne črpalke - Varnostnotehnične in okoljevarstvene zahteve - 4. del: Delovanje, vzdrževanje, popravilo in recikliranje
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recoverySystèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement - Partie 4: Fonctionnement, maintenance, réparation et récupérationKälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Teil 4: Betrieb, Instandhaltung, Instandsetzung und RückgewinnungTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 378-4:2008SIST EN 378-4:2008en,fr,de27.20027.080ICS:SIST EN 378-4:20001DGRPHãþDSLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 378-4:200801-april-2008
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 378-4February 2008ICS 27.080; 27.200Supersedes EN 378-4:2000
English VersionRefrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety andenvironmental requirements - Part 4: Operation, maintenance,repair and recoverySystèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Exigencesde sécurité et d'environnement - Partie 4: Fonctionnement,maintenance, réparation et récupérationKälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnischeund umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Teil 4: Betrieb,Instandhaltung, Instandsetzung und RückgewinnungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 October 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 378-4:2008: E
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.4 3 Terms and definitions.4 4 General requirements.5 4.1 Operational instructions.5 4.2 Instruction of operating personnel.5 4.3 Documentation.5 5 Maintenance and repair.6 5.1 General.6 5.2 Maintenance.6 5.3 Repair.7 5.4 Change of refrigerant type.8 6 Requirements for recovery, reuse and disposal.9 6.1 General requirements.9 6.2 Requirements for recovery and reuse of refrigerant.10 6.3 Requirements for refrigerant transfer, transport and storage.13 6.4 Requirements for recovery equipment.14 6.5 Requirements for disposal.15 6.6 Requirements for documentation.15 Annex A (normative)
Draining the oil from a refrigerating system.16 Annex B (informative)
Guide specification (parameters) for recycled refrigerant.17 Annex C (informative)
Handling and storage of refrigerants.18 Annex D (informative)
In-service inspection.20 Annex E (informative)
Guidelines for repairs of equipment using flammable refrigerants.22 Bibliography.25
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 378-4:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 182, "Refrigeration systems, safety and environmental requirements", the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2008. This document supersedes EN 378-4:2000. EN 378 consists of the following parts under the general title Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements: Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation Part 3: Installation site and personal protection Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub-lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 4 1 Scope The scope of EN 378-1:2008 is applicable. This European Standard specifies requirements for safety and environmental aspects in relation to operation, maintenance, and repair of refrigerating systems and the recovery, reuse and disposal of all types of refriger-ant, refrigerant oil, heat transfer medium, refrigerating system and part thereof. These requirements are intended to minimise risks of injury to persons and damage to property and the envi-ronment resulting from improper handling of the refrigerants or from contaminants leading to system break-down and resultant emission of the refrigerant. Certain clauses and subclauses of this European Standard are not applicable to unit systems self contained systems and systems built on site which operate with charges of refrigerant up to 3 kg of refrigerant. These subclauses are 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1.1 to 5.1.4, 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.3.3 and 6.6. For these systems, the necessary maintenance has to be described in the instruction manual and should
repairs be necessary, contact the nearest authorised repair service centre. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated refer-ences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 378-1:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria EN 378-2:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation EN 378-3:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 3: Installation site and personal protection ISO 11650, Performance of refrigerant recovery and/or recycling equipment 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 378-1:2008 apply.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 5 4 General requirements 4.1 Operational instructions 4.1.1 Care shall be taken to ensure that the personnel charged with the operation, supervision and mainte-nance of the refrigerating system are adequately instructed and are competent with respect to their tasks. The installer of the refrigerating system shall draw attention to the necessity for adequate instruction of operating and supervising personnel. 4.1.2 Personnel in charge of the refrigerating system that contain more than 3 kg of refrigerant shall have knowledge and experience of the mode of functioning, operation and day-by-day monitoring of this system. 4.1.3 The mixing of different refrigerants within a system is not permitted under any circumstances. In the event of a change of the refrigerant type, it shall be done in accordance with 5.4. 4.2 Instruction of operating personnel Before a new refrigerating system is put into service, it shall be ensured that the operating personnel are
instructed on the basis of the instruction manual about the construction, supervision, operation and mainte-nance of the refrigerating system, as well as the safety measures to be observed, if necessary the required personal protection equipment (see EN 378-3:2008, Annex A) and the properties and handling of the refriger-ant used. NOTE It is advisable that the operating personnel are present during evacuation, charging with refrigerant and
adjustment of the refrigerating system as well as, if possible, during assembly on site. 4.3 Documentation 4.3.1 The owner / operator shall keep an updated logbook of the refrigerating system if the refrigerant charge exceeds 3 kg. 4.3.2 In the logbook the following information shall be recorded: a) details of all maintenance and repair work; b) quantities and kind of (new, reused or recycled) refrigerant which have been charged on each occasion, and the quantities of refrigerant which have been transferred from the system on each occasion, see also 6.6; c) analysis of a reused refrigerant, if available, the results of which shall also be kept in the log-book; d) source of the reused refrigerant; e) changes and replacements of components of the system; f) results of all periodic routine tests; g) record of significant periods of non-use. 4.3.3 The log-book shall either be kept by the owner / operator and in the machinery room, or the data shall be stored in a computer with a printout in the machinery room, in which case the information shall be accessi-ble to the competent person when servicing or testing.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 6 5 Maintenance and repair 5.1 General 5.1.1 Each refrigerating system shall be subjected to preventive maintenance in accordance with the
instruction manual, see EN 378-2. NOTE 1 The frequency of such maintenance depends on the type, size, age, use etc. of the system. In many cases more than one maintenance service is required in the course of one year in accordance with legal requirements. NOTE 2 For personal protective equipment against refrigerants see EN 378-3. 5.1.2 The user / owner concerned for the refrigerating system shall ensure that the system is inspected, regularly supervised and maintained in a satisfactory manner. 5.1.3 Systems with a charge larger than 3 kg should be subject to tightness inspection at least on an annual basis. If, during the inspection the suspicion of a leak exists, e.g. through refrigerant temperature checks or capacity reduction, then leak has to be located with suitable detection equipment and should be repaired and checked again after the repair in accordance with national regulations. The results of the inspection and measures taken afterwards should be included in the logbook. Refer to Annex D for detailed specification regarding in service inspection. 5.1.4 The parties concerned for the refrigerating system shall also be responsible when another person uses the refrigerating system, unless another division of responsibility has been agreed upon. 5.1.5 Regular maintenance which does not include interference with, nor adjustment of, the refrigerating system and which requires no specialised knowledge of refrigeration can be carried out by a person of appro-priate competence employed by the person responsible. Examples of such non-specialist maintenance include air-side cleaning of heat exchangers, cleaning of
condensate systems. 5.1.6 It is not permitted to charge a refrigerating system with a refrigerant type that does not comply with the machine card nor with the specifications of the manufacturer. In the case of appliances, the refrigerant type has to conform to the rating label data. In the case of retrofitting of an installation, see 5.4. 5.1.7 In the case of refrigerating systems located within an enclosure and considered as indirect systems under EN 378-1, no unauthorised persons shall remain in the occupancy during maintenance and
repair operations since the separation between refrigerant containing parts and occupants of the room is no more effective and leaks of refrigerant into the occupancy become possible. 5.1.8 Ensure that any marking to the compressor or equipment is replaced if any of the existing text has become unreadable. 5.2 Maintenance 5.2.1 Maintenance shall be undertaken in such a way that: a) accidents to personnel are minimised; b) damage to goods is minimised; c) components of the system remain in good working order; d) the purpose and availability of the system are maintained; e) leakage of refrigerant or oil are identified and remedied;
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 7 f) waste of energy is minimised. 5.2.2 The extent and time schedule for maintenance shall be fully described in the instruction manual, see EN 378-2. 5.2.3 If the discharge line of a pressure relief device is led into a common discharge line or forms part of a dual assembly with a change over device and the valve is temporarily dismounted for reasons of testing and maintenance, the connecting ends are to be closed e.g. by means of blank flanges. 5.2.4 When a secondary cooling or heating system is used, the heat-transfer medium shall be periodically inspected for its composition and the secondary system for the presence of refrigerant. 5.2.5 Regular leak tests, inspections and checking of the safety equipment shall be carried out as described in Annex D. 5.2.6 When oil is drained from a refrigerating system it shall be carried out safely in accordance with the instruction manual. A procedure is provided in Annex A. 5.3 Repair 5.3.1 Repairs on refrigerant containing components shall be carried out in the following order, if appropriate: a) conducting a hazard analysis and risk assessment for the proposed repair; b) instructing of the maintenance staff; c) disconnecting and safeguarding of the components to be repaired (e.g. powerdrive, pressure vessel,
piping); d) emptying and evacuating; e) cleaning and purging respectively (e.g. with nitrogen); f) releasing for repair; Welding or the use of arc — and flame-producing apparatus requires specific personnel and welding or braz-ing procedure approvals. g) carrying out the repair; h) testing and checking of the repaired component (pressure test, leakage test, functional test, see EN 378-2); i) replacing, evacuating and recharging with refrigerant. 5.3.2 Refrigerant leaks shall be identified and repaired as soon as practicable by a competent person. 5.3.3 During each periodic maintenance and following each repair, if appropriate, at least the following tasks shall be performed: a) all safety, control and measurement devices as well as alarm systems shall be checked to verify their
correct operation and perfect working order; b) leakage tests shall be carried out at the relevant part of the refrigerating system; c) evacuating; d) adjustment of refrigerant charge;
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 8 e) functional test of safety devices. 5.3.4 Maintenance and repair requiring the assistance of other skilled personnel (such as welders, electri-cians, measuring and control specialists etc.) shall be carried out under the supervision of a person competent in refrigeration. 5.3.5 Welding and brazing shall only be carried out by competent personnel and only after the section has been purged according to an approved procedure. 5.3.6 Replacements of components or changes to the refrigerating system shall be ordered and carried out by a competent person or by authorised repair service centre for maintenance free systems. 5.3.7 After a pressure relief valve, which discharges to atmosphere, has been actuated, it shall be replaced if it is not tight. 5.4 Change of refrigerant type 5.4.1 General In the event of a change of the refrigerant type used in the refrigerating system the following verifications shall be made and conformance to EN 378-1, -2 and -3 shall be verified: 5.4.2 Planning of the change of refrigerant type a) verify the refrigerating system manufacturer permits the refrigerant type change; b) examine all materials used in the refrigerating system and residual oil to ensure they are compatible with the new refrigerant type; c) verify the allowable pressure shall not be exceeded; d) verify the new refrigerant type can be used without re-certifying the pressure vessels; e) verify the motor capacity; f) verify the capacity of the liquid receiver; g) pay attention to the implications of change of refrigerant classification. 5.4.3 Execution of the change of refrigerant type a) pay special attention to the content of the gas cylinders to be sure that the correct refrigerant is added; b) check whether residual oil is in good condition. If not, change the oil and run refrigerating system with original refrigerant for at least one hour before recovering the refrigerant; c) prevent mixtures with residual refrigerant and residual oil; d) amend all indications as to the refrigerant type used; e) replace or readjust, if necessary, indicating, control and safety devices, including software modifications if required; f) update the log book and documentation including machine card; g) recover the original refrigerant in accordance with Clause 6.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 9 6 Requirements for recovery, reuse and disposal 6.1 General requirements 6.1.1 Disposal Disposal of refrigerating systems and parts shall be undertaken in accordance with national regulations. 6.1.2 Personnel Recovery, reuse, recycle, reclaim and disposal shall only be undertaken by competent persons, see Figure 1 for the relationship between the processes.
Figure 1 — Simplified representation of the relationship between the processes 6.1.3 Parts of refrigerating systems All parts of refrigerating systems, e.g. refrigerant, oil, heat-transfer medium, filter, drier, insulation material, shall be recovered, reused and/or disposed of properly, see 6.5. 6.1.4 Refrigerants All refrigerants shall be recovered for reuse, recycled or reclaimed for reuse, or shall be disposed of properly, see 6.5. Destruction of refrigerants can require an authorised facility for destruction. 6.1.5 Handling The method of handling of the refrigerant shall be decided before it is removed from the refrigerating system or the equipment, see also Annex C.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 10 Such decision will be based upon considerations that shall include: history of the refrigerating system; type and disposition of the refrigerant in the refrigerating system; reason for removal of the refrigerant from the refrigerating system; condition of the refrigerating system or the equipment and whether or not it is to be returned to service. 6.2 Requirements for recovery and reuse of refrigerant 6.2.1 General The directions given regarding the treatment of recovered refrigerant before reuse shall apply to all types of refrigerant. Dependent on the situation, recovered refrigerant can follow any one of the paths indicated in the flow chart shown in Figure 2.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 11
Figure 2 — Flow chart for recovered refrigerant 6.2.2 Recovery for general reuse For general reuse, recovered refrigerants shall be reclaimed and comply with the appropriate specification for new refrigerants. 6.2.3 Recovery for reuse in the same or similar system 6.2.3.1 For reuse in the same system For a halocarbon refrigerant, an acid test shall be carried out. NOTE 1 The acid test uses the titration principle to detect any compound that ionises as an acid. The test requires a sample of between 100 g and 120 g and has a lower detection limit of 0,1 × 10-6 by mass (0,1 ppm by mass).
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 12 If the acid test fails, the total refrigerant charge shall undergo a recycling or reclaiming process, and the filter drier(s) in the refrigerating system shall be replaced. Such a test is normally not required if recovery is from a refrigerating system during its manufacture. NOTE 2 Refrigerant recovered from a refrigerating system (e.g. removed overcharge, refrigerant taken out for system service, local non-contaminating repair, major overhaul or replacement of a component) can normally be returned to the same system. When a refrigerating system has been taken out of service because of heavy contamination of the refrigerant or motor burnout, the refrigerant shall be reclaimed or disposed of. NOTE 3 The evacuation and charging procedures specified in this European Standard should be followed when
returning the refrigerant to the refrigerating system. NOTE 4 It is recommended that the refrigerant is recharged through a filter drier to remove moisture which may have contaminated the fluid during recovery. 6.2.3.2 For use in a similar system The use of recycled refrigerant in a refrigerating system, which is similar in function and components, shall comply with the following requirements: system is serviced by the competent person or company who recycled the refrigerant; recycling equipment complies with the requirements of 6.2.4; history of the refrigerant and the refrigerating system is known from the date of commissioning; competent person or company informs the party concerned when recycled refrigerant is used and the source from which it comes and the result of the tests or, if necessary, of the analysis. The acid test shall be carried out in accordance with 6.2.3.1. If any of the above conditions is not met or the history of the refrigerant indicates a heavy contamination of the refrigerant, e.g. motor burnout, then the refrigerant shall be either reclaimed or disposed of properly. NOTE A recycled refrigerant should comply with the specifications in Annex B. 6.2.4 Requirements for refrigerant recycling equipment and procedures Recycling equipment for halocarbon refrigerants shall comply with ISO 11650 or similar standard require-ments. Recycling equipment shall be regularly inspected to verify that equipment and instruments are well maintained and in good order. Equipment and instruments shall be function tested and calibrated regularly. 6.2.5 Reclaim 6.2.5.1 Analysis A refrigerant sent for reclaim shall be analysed and either reclaimed or disposed of properly. 6.2.5.2 Specification After the refrigerant has been reclaimed it shall meet the specifications for new refrigerant.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 13 NOTE Reclaimed refrigerant can be used as new refrigerant. 6.3 Requirements for refrigerant transfer, transport and storage 6.3.1 General Appropriate safety practices shall be followed during transfer of refrigerant from a refrigerating system to a refrigerant container for transport or storage. 6.3.2 Refrigerant transfer 6.3.2.1 Procedure Transfer/evacuation of the refrigerant shall be carried out as follows: a) if the compressor of the refrigerating system cannot be used for the transfer, refrigerant recovery equip-ment shall be connected to the refrigerating system in order to transfer the refrigerant, either into another part of the refrigerating system, or into a separate container; b) before service, repair etc., which involves opening the system, the pressure of the refrigerating system or of the relevant parts shall be reduced to 0,3 bar absolute or lower. There after the pressure can be further reduced using a vacuum pump before the vacuum is broken with dry oxygen free nitrogen; NOTE 1 Atmospheric pressure is acceptable for R717 (ammonia) or R744 (carbon dioxide) systems. c) before disposal of the refrigerating system, the refrigerating system or its parts shall be evacuated down to a pressure of 0,3 bar absolute or lower. NOTE 2 The pressures specified above correspond to refrigerating system placed in an ambient temperature of 20 °C. For other temperatures the pressure should be changed accordingly. NOTE 3 The time required for transfer or emptying is dependent on the pressure. It should only be ended if the pres-sure remains constant after switching off the compressor of the recovery machine. 6.3.2.2 Refrigerant container The refrigerant shall only be transferred to a container suitable for the specific refrigerant involved. The container shall be "easily" identified and marked by a colour code or otherwise as being intended to hold the refrigerant involved. The container with recovered refrigerant shall be specially marked, e.g. "R407C — Recovered — Do not use before investigation" or "R717 (Ammonia) — Recovered". NOTE 1 National regulations sometimes give a specific colour for recovery cylinders. NOTE 2 In the case of transport, it is the responsibility of the person recovering the refrigerant to ensure that the
recovery cylinder complies with the ADR legislation (European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dan-gerous Goods by Road 1999). 6.3.2.3 Disposable container A disposable "one way" container shall not be used because of the possibility of the remaining gas content being discharged into the atmosphere when disposed.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 14 6.3.2.4 Container filling The refrigerant container shall not be overfilled. When a container is filled with refrigerant, the maximum charge shall always be observed, taking into account that possible refrigerant-oil mixtures have a lower density than pure refrigerant. The usable container capacity shall therefore be reduced for a refrigerant-oil mixture (80 % of maximum refrigerant charge or 70 % bottle volume whichever is lower), controlled by mass. The allowable pressure of the container shall not be exceeded, even temporarily, during any operation. NOTE Special valves may be fitted to the refrigerant container to avoid the possibility of overfilling. 6.3.2.5 Different refrigerants Different refrigerants shall not be mixed and shall be stored in different containers. A refrigerant shall not be placed in a container that contains a different or an unknown refrigerant. An unknown refrigerant already in a container is not to be vented to the atmosphere but shall be identified and reclaimed or shall be disposed of properly. NOTE A refrigerant contaminated with another refrigerant may make it impossible to reclaim. 6.3.3 Transport Refrigerants shall be transported in a safe manner. All legal requirements, including registration, obtaining permits etc., shall be observed. 6.3.4 Storage Refrigerants shall be stored in a safe manner, see Annex C. NOTE The storage site should be dry and protected from weather to minimise corrosion of refrigerant containers. 6.4 Requirements for recovery equipment
6.4.1 General The recovery equipment removes refrigerant/oil from the refrigerating system and transfers it into a container in a safe manner, and shall be leak-tight. Refrigerant recovery machines shall conform to the relevant safety standard e.g. prEN 60335-2-104. NOTE 1 The equipment is normally a mechanical system consisting of compressor, oil separator, condenser and auxil-iary components. NOTE 2 The equipment may employ replaceable core filter driers to remove moisture, acid, particles and other con-taminants. 6.4.2 Operation in respect to the environment The recovery equipment shall be operated in such a way as to minimise the risk of emission of refrigerants or oil to the environment.
EN 378-4:2008 (E) 15 6.4.3 Performance The recovery equipment shall at a corresponding temperature of 20 °C be able to operate down to a final pressure of 0,3 bar absolute. NOTE A m
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