SIST-TS CEN/TS 15901-2:2010

Road and airfield surface characteristics - Part 2: Procedure for determining the skid resistance of a pavement surface using a device with longitudinal controlled slip (LFCRNL): ROAR (Road Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter)

This Technical Specification describes a method for determining the wet road skid resistance of a surface by measuring the LFCRNL using the Road Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter (ROAR).
In addition to the friction measurement also measurements of pavement texture may be performed.
The method provides friction coefficient measurements of pavements by using a hydraulically braked test wheel at a pre set slip ratio, which may be fixed from 5 % to 95 %. Default value for the Netherlands is 86 %.
The standard test tyre is dragged over a pre wetted pavement under controlled load and speed conditions while its running direction is parallel to the direction of motion and perpendicular to the pavement.
To determine the macrotexture of the pavement a laser system is used. This system is placed in front of the towing vehicle in order to measure the macrotexture on dry pavements and on the same path as the skid resistance measurement is done. The standard for this measurement and the used measuring device are well described in EN ISO 13473-1 and ISO 13473-2.

Oberflächeneigenschaften von Straßen und Flugplätzen - Teil 2: Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Griffigkeit von Fahrbahndecken durch Verwendung eines Geräts mit geregeltem Schlupf in Längsrichtung (LFCRNL): das in den Niederlanden verwendete ROAR-Gerät (Road-Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter)

Diese Technische Spezifikation beschreibt ein Verfahren für die Bestimmung der Griffigkeit von nassen Fahr-bahndecken durch Messung des LFCRNL mit Hilfe des Straßenzustandserfassungsgeräts ROAR (en: Road Analyser and Recorder) von Norsemeter.
Zusätzlich zur Reibungsmessung können auch Messungen der Textur der Fahrbahndecke durchgeführt werden.
Das Verfahren ermöglicht Messungen des Reibungskoeffizienten von Fahrbahndecken mit Hilfe eines hydrau¬lisch gebremsten Messrades mit einem im Bereich von 5 % bis 95 % voreingestellten Schlupfverhältnis. Der Normwert für die Niederlande ist 86 %.
Der Normmessreifen wird unter geregelten Last- und Geschwindigkeitsbedingungen über eine zuvor ange-nässte Fahrbahndecke gezogen, wobei er parallel zur Bewegungsrichtung und rechtwinklig zur Fahrbahn läuft.
Zur Untersuchung der Makrotextur der Fahrbahndecke wird ein Lasersystem verwendet. Dieses System wird vor dem Schleppfahrzeug angeordnet, um die Messung der Makrotextur auf der trockenen Fahrbahn und auf der für die Griffigkeitsmessungen verwendeten Messstrecke zu ermöglichen. Das Normverfahren für diese Messung und das dafür zu verwendende Messgerät sind in EN ISO 13473 1 und ISO 13473 2 beschrieben.

Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aéroports - Partie 2 : Mode opératoire de détermination de l'adhérence d'un revêtement de chaussée à l'aide d'un dispositif à frottement longitudinal contrôlé (CFLRNL): le ROAR (Analyseur de route et Enregistreur du Norsemeter)

La présente Spécification technique décrit une méthode permettant de déterminer l’adhérence sur route mouillée en mesurant le CFLRNL à l’aide du système ROAR (« ROad Analyser and Recorder ») de Norsemeter.
Outre le mesurage du frottement, il est également possible de mesurer la texture de la chaussée.
La méthode permet de déterminer le coefficient de frottement des chaussées à l’aide d’une roue d’essai à frein hydraulique selon un taux de glissement préalablement défini, qui peut être compris entre 5 % et 95 %. Aux Pays-Bas, la valeur par défaut est 86 %.
Le pneumatique d’essai normalisé est traîné sur une chaussée préalablement mouillée, dans des conditions de charge et de vitesse contrôlées, parallèlement à la direction du mouvement et perpendiculairement à la chaussée.
Un système laser est utilisé pour déterminer la macrotexture de la chaussée. Ce système est placé devant le véhicule tracteur afin de mesurer la macrotexture sur des chaussées sèches, sur la même trace où l’adhérence est mesurée. La norme et l’appareil de mesure utilisés sont présentés dans l’EN ISO 13473-1 et l’ISO 13473-2.

Značilnosti cestnih in vzletnih površin - 2. del: Postopek določanja torne sposobnosti vozne površine z opremo za vzdolžne meritve s kontroliranim drsenjem (LFCRNL): ROAR (Road Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter)

Ta tehnična specificija opisuje metodo določanja torne sposobnosti mokrih cest na površinah z merjenjem LFCRN z Road Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter (ROAR). Poleg merjenja trenja lahko izvedemo tudi merjenja teksture površin. Metoda zagotavlja meritve količnika trenja površin z uporabo hidravlično zavrtega poskusnega kolesa pri vnaprej nastavljeni stopnji zdrsa, ki je lahko določena med 5 in 95 %. Privzeta vrednost za Nizozemsko je 86 %. S preskusno pnevmatiko se zavira na predhodno namočeni površini pod nadzorovanimi pogoji upora in hitrosti, medtem ko je njena  smer vožnje vzporedna s smerjo gibanja in navpična na površino. Laserski sistem se uporablja za določanje makroteksture površine. Ta sistem je nameščen pred vozilo za vleko, da se meri makrotekstura suhih površin, in na isti stezi, na kateri se izvaja meritev torne sposobnosti. Standard za to meritev in uporabljeno opremo za merjenje je dobro opisan v EN ISO 13473-1 in ISO 13473-2.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 17-Jan-2010
• ICS: 17.040.20 - Properties of surfaces
• ICS: 93.080.10 - Road construction
• ICS: 93.120 - Construction of airports
• Technical Committee: CES - Roads
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 23-Nov-2009
• Due Date: 28-Jan-2010
• Completion Date: 18-Jan-2010
• Ref Project: CEN/TS 15901-2:2009 - Road and airfield surface characteristics - Part 2: Procedure for determining the skid resistance of a pavement surface using a device with longitudinal controlled slip (LFCRNL): ROAR (Road Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter)

Overview

CEN/TS 15901-2:2009 defines a procedure for measuring the wet-road skid resistance of pavements using a device with longitudinal controlled slip (LFCRNL) - specifically the ROAR (Road Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter). The Technical Specification covers how to obtain longitudinal friction coefficient (LFCR) values with a hydraulically braked test wheel at a preset slip ratio while the standard test tyre is dragged over a pre‑wetted pavement. The specification also describes optional macrotexture measurement using a laser system aligned with the skid-resistance path.

Keywords: CEN/TS 15901-2:2009, ROAR, LFCRNL, skid resistance, pavement friction, macrotexture, mean profile depth.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Measurement principle: Friction coefficient (longitudinal friction) is derived from the ratio of horizontal drag to vertical wheel load for a braked test wheel under controlled speed and load.
• Slip ratio: Adjustable from 5% to 95%; the Dutch default is 86%. Slip ratio and slip speed are defined and controlled.
• Test tyre & wheel: Uses a standard test tyre on a hydraulically braked wheel; running direction is parallel to vehicle motion and perpendicular to pavement.
• Wetting & water film: Pavement is pre‑wetted to a defined theoretical water film thickness before measurement.
• Macrotexture measurement: A forward‑mounted laser system records texture (e.g., Mean Profile Depth) on the same path; references EN ISO 13473‑1 and ISO 13473‑2 for texture profiling.
• Key performance items: Test speed, static wheel load, distance measuring, sampling interval, horizontal load measurement and system calibration.
• Calibration & quality: Annual static calibration and monthly dynamic correlation trials (MCT) are required to ensure repeatability and reproducibility.
• Data & reporting: Procedures for continuous measurement recording, sampling intervals, accuracy expectations, and required test-report content.
• Safety: Measures for safe operation on live roads and traffic management when wetting pavements or operating at non-standard speeds.

Applications and users

CEN/TS 15901-2 is intended for:

• Highway authorities and pavement asset managers performing network monitoring and pavement management.
• Contractors and consultants verifying new surfacing (acceptance testing).
• Research organisations and laboratories studying friction, texture, and road safety. Practical uses include routine friction surveys, project-level acceptance tests, and research into pavement performance and wet-weather safety.

Related standards

• EN ISO 13473-1 - Determination of Mean Profile Depth (MPD) for macrotexture
• ISO 13473-2 - Texture terminology and profile analysis requirements
• ASTM 1551 (referenced for related methods)

This specification is essential for professionals implementing standardized, repeatable measurements of pavement skid resistance and texture with the ROAR/LFCRNL method.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2010
=QDþLOQRVWLFHVWQLKLQY]OHWQLKSRYUãLQGHO3RVWRSHNGRORþDQMDWRUQH
VSRVREQRVWLYR]QHSRYUãLQH]RSUHPR]DY]GROåQHPHULWYHVNRQWUROLUDQLP
GUVHQMHP/)&51/52$55RDG$QDO\VHUDQG5HFRUGHURI1RUVHPHWHU
Road and airfield surface characteristics - Part 2: Procedure for determining the skid
resistance of a pavement surface using a device with longitudinal controlled slip
(LFCRNL): ROAR (Road Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter)
Oberflächeneigenschaften von Straßen und Flugplätzen - Teil 2: Verfahren zur
Bestimmung der Griffigkeit von Fahrbahndecken durch Verwendung eines Geräts mit
geregeltem Schlupf in Längsrichtung (LFCRNL): das in den Niederlanden verwendete
ROAR-Gerät (Road-Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter)
Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aéroports - Partie 2 : Mode opératoire de
détermination de l'adhérence d'un revêtement de chaussée à l'aide d'un dispositif à
frottement longitudinal contrôlé (CFLRNL): le ROAR (Analyseur de route et Enregistreur
du Norsemeter)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 15901-2:2009
ICS:
17.040.20 Lastnosti površin Properties of surfaces
93.080.10 Gradnja cest Road construction
93.120 *UDGQMDOHWDOLãþ Construction of airports
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 15901-2
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
November 2009
ICS 93.080.20
English Version
Road and airfield surface characteristics - Part 2: Procedure for
determining the skid resistance of a pavement surface using a
device with longitudinal controlled slip (LFCRNL): ROAR (Road
Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter)
Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aéroports - Partie Oberflächeneigenschaften von Straßen und Flugplätzen -
2 : Mode opératoire de détermination de l'adhérence d'un
Teil 2: Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Griffigkeit von
revêtement de chaussée à l'aide d'un dispositif à frottement Fahrbahndecken durch Verwendung eines Geräts mit
longitudinal contrôlé (CFLRNL): le ROAR (Analyseur de geregeltem Schlupf in Längsrichtung (LFCRNL): das in den
route et Enregistreur du Norsemeter) Niederlanden verwendete ROAR-Gerät (Road-Analyser and
Recorder of Norsemeter)
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 27 June 2009 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 15901-2:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Fields of application .4
4 Terms and definitions .4
5 Safety .7
6 Principle of measurements and description of the device .7
6.1 Principle of measurements .7
6.2 Description of the device .7
7 Key characteristics .8
7.1 General .8
7.2 Test speed .8
7.3 Distance measuring .8
7.4 Slip ratio .8
7.5 Static wheel load .8
7.6 Horizontal load measuring unit .9
7.7 Test wheel assembly .9
7.8 Test tyre .9
7.9 Sampling interval . 10
7.10 Pavement wetting system, water film thickness . 10
7.11 Laser equipment for macrotexture measurements . 10
7.12 General requirements for measuring system . 10
8 Test procedure . 10
8.1 Standard test conditions . 10
8.2 Prior to testing . 11
8.3 Testing . 11
9 Data recording . 12
10 Calibration . 12
10.1 Annual static calibration . 12
10.2 Dynamic Monthly Correlation Trial (MCT) . 12
11 Accuracy . 13
12 Test report . 13
Bibliography . 15

Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 15901-2:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road
materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification describes a method for determining the wet-road skid resistance of a surface by
measuring the LFCR using the Road Analyser and Recorder of Norsemeter (ROAR).
NL
In addition to the friction measurement also measurements of pavement texture may be performed.
The method provides friction coefficient measurements of pavements by using a hydraulically braked test
wheel at a pre-set slip ratio, which may be fixed from 5 % to 95 %. Default value for the Netherlands is 86 %.
The standard test tyre is dragged over a pre-wetted pavement under controlled load and speed conditions
while its running direction is parallel to the direction of motion and perpendicular to the pavement.
To determine the macrotexture of the pavement a laser system is used. This system is placed in front of the
towing vehicle in order to measure the macrotexture on dry pavements and on the same path as the skid
resistance measurement is done. The standard for this measurement and the used measuring device are well
described in EN ISO 13473-1 and ISO 13473-2.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 13473-1, Characterization of pavement texture by use of surface profiles – Part 1: Determination of
Mean Profile Depth (ISO 13473-1:1997)
ISO 13473-2, Characterization of pavement texture by use of surface profiles – Part 2: Terminology and basic
requirements related to pavement texture profile analysis
ASTM 1551
3 Fields of application
The method provides a means for the evaluation of the skid resistance of a road surface. It is suitable for use
in the following situations:
 for routine measurements of a road in service, either network monitoring for Pavement Management, or
measurements on project-level;
 approval of new works;
 research measurements.
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.1
skid resistance
characterisation of the friction of a road surface when measured in accordance with a standardised method
4.2
wet-road skid resistance
property of a trafficked surface that limits relative movement between the surface and the part of a vehicle tyre
in contact with the surface, when lubricated with a film of water
NOTE Factors that contribute to skid resistance include the tyre pressure, contact area, tread pattern and rubber
composition; the alignment, texture, surface contamination, and characteristics of the road surface; the vehicle speed; and
the weather conditions.
The skid resistance of a road surface in Europe varies seasonally. Generally, wet skid resistance is higher in winter as a
result of the effects of wet detritus and the effects of frost and wear by tyres on microtexture and macrotexture. Wet skid
resistance is lower in summer as a result of dry polishing by tyres in the presence of fine detritus.
The change in skid resistance of a surface in service is affected by the volume of traffic and the composition of the traffic,
i.e. cars, buses, commercial vehicles of different sizes, as the tyres of these vehicles polish and/or wear away the
surfacing material in different ways. The geometry of the road will affect the change in skid resistance. Generally, tyres
polish less on straight roads than on bends.
Where the surface contains aggregate with a coating of binder, e.g. bitumen, resin or Portland cement, the skid resistance
will change as the coating is worn away by tyres.
4.3
bound surface
top layer or surface course of a road with the aggregates secured permanently in place
NOTE Aggregates are commonly secured in place by bitumen or Portland cement.
4.4
calibration
periodic adjustment of the offset, the gain and the linearity of the output of a measurement method so that all
the calibrated devices of a particular type deliver the same value within a known and accepted range of
uncertainty, when measuring under identical conditions within given boundaries or parameters
4.5
contact area
overall area of the road surface instantaneously in contact with a tyre
NOTE This term describes the overall area generally covered by the tyre. Due to the effects of surface texture or any
tyre tread pattern, not all of the tyre or road surface in the contact area can be in contact at any instant.
4.6
longitudinal friction coefficient
ratio between horizontal force (drag) and vertical load (load) for a braked wheel in controlled conditions, which
is normally a decimal number quoted to two significant figures
NOTE LFC varies depending on the slip ratio of the device and the operational speed.
4.7
LFCR
NL
longitudinal friction coefficient measured with a device conforming with this Technical Specification
4.8
microtexture
deviation of a pavement from a true planar pavement with characteristic dimensions along the pavement of
less than 0,5 mm, corresponding to texture wavelengths with one-third-octave bands and up to 0,5 mm centre
wavelengths
NOTE 1 Peak to peak amplitudes normally vary in the range 0,001 mm to 0,5 mm.
NOTE 2 Microtexture is a primary component in skid resistance at slow speeds. Those devices that utilize a relatively
low slip speed primarily measure the component of friction affected by microtexture.
4.9
macrotexture
deviation of a pavement from a true planar pavement with characteristic dimensions along the pavement of
0,5 mm to 50 mm, corresponding to texture wavelengths with one-third-octave bands including the range
0,63 mm to 50 mm centre wavelengths
NOTE 1 Peak to peak amplitudes normally vary in the range 0,1 mm to 20 mm.
NOTE 2 Macrotexture is a major factor influencing skid resistance at high speeds but it also has an effect at low
speeds.
4.10
mean profile depth
descriptor of macrotexture, obtained from a texture profile measurement as defined in EN ISO 13473-1 and
ISO 13473-2
4.11
operating speed
speed at which the device traverses the test surface
4.12
repeatability
r
maximum difference expected between two measurements made by the same machine, with the same tyre,
operated by the same crew on the same section of road in a short space of time, with a probability of 95 %
4.13
reproducibility
R
maximum difference expected between two measurements made by different machines with different tyres
using different crews on the same section of road in a short space of time, with a probability of 95 %
4.14
Road Analyser Recorder
ROAR
device developed by the Norsemeter cooperation to perform routine, continuous measurements of friction for
long road-sections
NOTE A device conforming to the general characteristics of the ROAR and the specific provisions of this Technical
Specification should be used for the tests.
4.15
sampling interval
distance over which responses of the sensors are sampled to determine a single measurement of the
recorded variables
NOTE 1 The sampling length depends upon the
...