SIST EN 13586:2004+A1:2008
(Main)Cranes - Access
Cranes - Access
This European Standard specifies design requirements for non-powered access installed on cranes. This European Standard covers access to control stations and all access required for maintenance, certain erection and dismantling operations (see below) and emergency. For those cranes which are intended to be erected and dismantled at their places of work, specific requirements for the access needed during these operations are given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types.
Krane - Zugang
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen an die Konstruktion für nicht kraftbetriebenen Zugang auf Kranen fest.
ANMERKUNG 1 Für andere Zugangsarten wird festgelegt, welche Angaben zu machen sind.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt den Zugang zu Steuerständen und alle erforderlichen Zugänge für
Wartung, bestimmte Montage- und Demontagearbeiten (siehe unten) sowie für Notfälle.
Für die Krane, die an ihrem Einsatzort auf- und wieder abgebaut werden sollen, sind besondere Anforderungen
für die für diese Arbeiten erforderlichen Zugänge in den entsprechenden Europäischen Normen für die
einzelnen Kranarten angegeben.
ANMERKUNG 2 Besondere Anforderungen für den Zugang bei einzelnen Kranarten sind in den entsprechenden Normen
für die einzelnen Kranarten angegeben.
Die in dieser Europäischen Norm angegebenen Abmessungen berücksichtigen nicht Sicherheitsabstände
bezüglich
- Schutzeinrichtungen;
- Relativbewegung zwischen Kran und angrenzender Umgebung;
- gefährlicher Oberflächentemperaturen;
- elektrischer Ausrüstung.
Die in dieser Europäischen Norm behandelten signifikanten Gefährdungen sind in Abschnitt 4 angegeben.
Diese europäische Norm gilt nicht für Krane, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieser Norm durch CEN
hergestellt wurden.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Accès
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions de conception relatives aux moyens d'accès non motorisés installés sur les appareils de levage à charge suspendue.
NOTE 1 Pour les autres types d'accès, une prescription relative aux informations à fournir est spécifiée.
La présente Norme européenne couvre l'accès aux postes de commande et l'ensemble des accès requis pour les opérations de maintenance, pour certaines opérations de montage et de démontage (voir ci-dessous) ainsi que pour les situations d'urgence.
Pour les appareils de levage à charge suspendue destinés à être montés et démontés sur leurs lieux d'utilisation, des prescriptions spécifiques relatives à l'accès requis pendant ces opérations sont données dans les Normes européennes appropriées relatives aux types spécifiques d'appareils de levage à charge suspendue.
NOTE 2 Les prescriptions spécifiques relatives à l'accès aux types particuliers d'appareil de levage à charge suspendue sont données dans la Norme européenne appropriée relative au type particulier d'appareil de levage à charge suspendue.
Les dimensions données dans la présente Norme européenne ne tiennent pas compte des distances de sécurité liées :
aux protecteurs ;
au mouvement relatif entre l'appareil de levage à charge suspendue et la structure adjacente ;
à une température de surface dangereuse ;
aux équipements électriques.
Les phénomènes dangereux significatifs couverts par la présente Norme européenne sont identifiés à l'Article 4.
La présente Norme européenne ne s'applique pas aux appareils de levage à charge suspendue fabriqués avant la date de publication par le CEN de la présente norme.
Dvigala (žerjavi) - Dostop
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Cranes - AccessDvigala (žerjavi) - DostopAppareils de levage à charge suspendue - AccèsKrane - Zugang53.020.20DvigalaCranesICS:SIST EN 13586:2004+A1:2008en,frTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13586:2004+A1:200801-julij-2008SIST EN 13586:2004+A1:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13586:2004+A1
April 2008 ICS 53.020.20 Supersedes EN 13586:2004 English Version
Cranes - Access
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Accès
Krane - Zugang This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 October 2003 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 24 January 2007 and Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 4 March 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13586:2004+A1:2008: E
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms, definitions and symbols.6 3.1 Symbols.6 3.2 Terms and definitions.7 4 List of significant hazards.7 5 Classification of access.9 6 Safety requirements and/or protective measures.9 6.1 Selection of access.9 6.2 General.11 6.3 Stairs and stepped ladders.12 6.4 Rung ladders - footholds.13 6.5 Hoop guards.17 6.6 Walkways, inclined walkways, platforms, and manholes.19 6.7 Handholds, handrails, intermediate guard rails and side protection.22 6.8 Minimum free space for walkway and inclined walkway.25 6.9 Hatch.25 6.10 Strength.25 7 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures.25 8 Information for use.27 Annex A (informative)
List of existing design rules for cranes.28 Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC.30 Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC.31
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13586:2004+A1:2008) has been prepared by WG 4 under the direction of Technical Committee CEN/TC 147, "Cranes - Safety", the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2008. This document supersedes EN 13586:2004. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-03-04 and the Corrigendum issued on 2007-01-24. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !". The modifications of the related CEN Corrigendum have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text and are indicated by the tags ˜ ™. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard is a harmonised standard to provide one means for access on cranes to conform with the relevant Essential Health and Safety Requirements of the Machinery Directive 98/37/EC. This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN 1070. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type B standard, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies design requirements for non-powered access installed on cranes.
NOTE 1 For other type of access a requirement for information to be supplied is specified. This European Standard covers access to control stations and all access required for maintenance, certain erection and dismantling operations (see below) and emergency. For those cranes which are intended to be erected and dismantled at their places of work, specific requirements for the access needed during these operations are given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types. NOTE 2 Specific requirements for access on particular types of crane are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type. The dimensions given in this European Standard do not take into account the safety distances related to: guarding; relative movement between crane and adjacent structure; hazardous surface temperature; electrical equipment. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in clause 4. This European Standard is not applicable to cranes which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this standard. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 292-2:1991+A1:1995, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body. EN 363, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height — Fall arrest systems. EN 1070:1998, Safety of machinery — Terminology.
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 6 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 3.1 Symbols b Rung end d Distance between centre line of rung and vertical surface e Distance between the ladder and an obstacle to the rear f Distance between the axis of the ladder and a lateral obstacle g Going g Gap between stiles if they are discontinuous g Gap between separate sections of handrails when they are discontinuous h Rise i Rung pitch k Rung size l Clear width m Clear width n Diameter, width, thickness p Tread width p Free length for hand-clearance q Hand clearance to mounting surface r Vertical distance between the lower part of handrails and handholds and the floor or the foothold s Vertical distance between the higher part of the handrail and the floor of the platform or rest platform situated at the top of the ladder or the stair t Handrail situated along a ladder. Clearance between the edge of the handrail and the edge of the rung or the side rail of the ladder u Clearance between parallel handrails where the body has to pass through v Distance between the floor or stair and the handrail or guard-rail v1 Gap between the top of the toe board and the bottom of the intermediate guard rail v2 Gap between the top of the intermediate guard rail and the bottom of the guard-rail w Distance between the floor and the top of the toe board y Clearance between the floor and the lower edge of the toe board z Distance between rungs and handhold or handrails
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 7 A Width of walkways, inclined walkways B x C Free length / width of rest platforms D x E Free length / width of platforms F Manhole effective aperture - Side of a square section or diameter of a round section H x W Manhole effective aperture - Rectangular section (height x width) K Free height above the floor of walkways, inclined walkways: person in kneeling posture U Free height above the floor of walkways, inclined walkways: person moving upright U Free height above the floor of the platforms L Manhole effective aperture - Length of passage through the manhole
3.2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 1070:1998 and the following apply. 3.2.1 rest platform standing area for persons to rest, situated at intervals between flights of ladders or stairs 3.2.2 platform standing area for persons to work from e.g. for maintenance or inspection 3.2.3 handrail device, which provides continuous hand support between two locations 3.2.4 handhold means of providing support by a single hand placement 3.2.5 foothold means of providing support for one or two feet 3.2.6 manhole access opening to allow the passage of a person and which could have a cover fitted 3.2.7 hatch access opening to allow the passage of a person and which has a hinged door fitted 4 List of significant hazards Table 1 contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 8 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements N° Hazards EN 292 Part 1 : 1991 EN 292 Part 2 : 1991Annex A of EN 292-2:1991 A1 : 1995 Relevant clause(s) in this standard1 Mechanical hazards
1.1 Generated by machine parts of work pieces caused, for example, by 4.2 3.1, 3.2, 4 1.3
1.1.1 Shape
6.2.6, 6.4 1.1.5 Inadequacy of mechanical strength
6.2.3b, 6.5.2, 6.10 1.3 Elementary forms of mechanical hazards 4.2.1
1.3
1.3.3 Cutting or severing hazard
6.2.6 7 Hazards generated by materials and substances processed, used by the machinery and by its constituent materials
7.2 Fire hazard 4.8 3.4 1.5.6, 1.5.7 6.2.3c 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design as, e.g. hazards from :
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 4.9 3.6.1, 6.2.1, 6.2.3, 6.2.4, 6.2.6 1.1.2d, 1.1.5, 1.6.2, 1.6.4 6.1, 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.2.3a, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 4.9 3.6.2 1.1.2d, 2.2 6.2.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.7 8.3 Neglected use of personal protection equipment
3.6.6 1.1.2e 5, 6.6, 6.3, 6.4 17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 4.2.2 3.3, 3.8 1.3.3 6.2.5, 6.7 19 Slip, trip and fall of persons (related to machinery) 4.2.3 6.2.4 1.5.15 6.2.3c, 6.6, 6.7 21 Linked to the work position (including driving station) on the machine
21.1 Fall of persons during access to (or at/from) the work position
3.2.1, 3.2.3, 3.4.5, 3.4.7 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.2.3c, 6.2.6, 6.2.7, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7 21.10 Insufficient means for evacuation/emergency exit
3.2.1 6.2.4
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 9 5 Classification of access For the purposes of this standard, the following cases apply: a) Type 1 Access: Access designed for use without personal protective equipment against falls from a height; b) Type 2 Access: Access for which some characteristics of type 1 access are not respected and the use of which may require a personal protective equipment against falls from a height (see EN 363). NOTE For the design of personal protective equipment anchorage, see EN 795. 6 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 6.1 Selection of access 6.1.1 Selection of the means of access Means of access shall conform to the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the equipment shall be designed according to the principles of EN 292 for hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with by this standard. Manufacturers shall take into consideration the following when determining the means of access to be provided: a) frequency of use; b) equipment or tools to be carried; c) vertical distance to cover; d) nature of use e.g. maintenance, inspection, walkway.
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 10
Key 1 Rung ladder 2 Stepped ladder 3 Should be avoided 4 Stairs 5 Should be avoided 6 Inclined walkway 7 Walkway 8 Not permitted zone Figure 1 — Ranges of angle for different means of access in their working position Provision of access should be in the preferential order: stair, rung ladder, stepped ladder. Furthermore, fixed means (e.g. hoop guard, side protection) shall be preferred to personnel protective equipment. When the height that the operator has to climb from the point of access on the crane to the control station is more than 25 m, a powered access system should be provided. If a powered access system is provided, the crane shall be designed to receive it. In this case, a complementary mean of access of type 1 shall also be provided. 6.1.2 Selection of the type of access The selection of the type of access shall be as follows: • access to control station and starting equipment: type 1 access; • access for maintenance period more frequent than one per month : type 1 access; In the following cases type 2 access may be used: • access for maintenance period less frequent than one per month. In this case, the access shall be designed for use without personal protective device against falls from height; • access for erection and dismantling
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 11 6.2 General 6.2.1 Provisions shall be made on every access to provide simultaneous three point support (Two hands and one foot, or two feet and one hand). 6.2.2 Where lateral body movement is necessary from a rung of a ladder to another support surface, the distance between the step or rung and the nearest edge of the support surface shall be within a spherical radius of 0,3 m maximum (see Figure 2).
Key R Spherical radius SS Support surface Figure 2 — Distance between a step or rung and the nearest edge of any support surface 6.2.3 Means of access, walking and standing areas shall: a) have their working position(s) designated; (for example platform on articulated boom needs defined position of the boom for the access); b) take into account the number of the persons, and the presence of objects such as tools and spare parts; c) be constructed of materials specified as being incombustible and with slip resistant surfaces (see annex B) which do not retain liquid. 6.2.4 Every control station shall have at least one exit onto a fixed means of access. An alternative means of egress shall be provided when the fixed means of access cannot be reached from all working positions of the control station or of the crane. 6.2.5 Any aperture in the floor of a gangway, inclined walkway, landing or platform situated above an area where persons could be present shall have slots or interstices which: a) do not allow a sphere of 20 mm to pass through; b) have a maximum width of 12 mm when the length is equal or greater than 200 mm. 6.2.6 Hand supports shall have smooth surfaces. Edges shall have radii (minimum 2 mm) or be chamfered (minimum 2 x 2 mm). Rung ends to retain the hands or feet shall be provided at the ends of handholds and footholds. 6.2.7 When access is foreseen with portable ladders, permanent means shall be provided to prevent the head of the ladder from moving. Those ladders shall meet the requirements of this standard for ladders.
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 (E) 12 6.2.8 Where means of access are provided between moving parts
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