SIST EN 500-4:2007

Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines

This part of EN 500 specifies the safety requirements for compaction machines as defined in Clause 3 and deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compaction machines, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable.
This document specifies additional requirements to and/or exceptions from EN 500-1 "Common requirements".

Bewegliche Straßenbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Besondere Anforderungen an Verdichtungsmaschinen

Dieser Teil von EN 500 enthält die Sicherheitsanforderungen für Verdichtungsmaschinen, wie in Abschnitt 3 definiert, und behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse, die auf Verdichtungsmaschinen zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß verwendet werden. Die nach vernünftigem Ermessen für den Hersteller vorhersehbare Nutzung der Maschine außerhalb der bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung ist ebenfalls berücksichtigt.
Dieses Dokument legt ergänzende Anforderungen und/oder Ausnahmen von EN 500-1 Gemeinsame Anforderungen fest.

Machines mobiles pour la construction de routes - Sécurité - Partie 4 : Prescriptions spécifiques pour compacteurs

Premični stroji za gradnjo cest - Varnost - 4. del: Posebne zahteve za stroje za kompaktiranje tal

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2006
• Withdrawal Date: 31-Mar-2009
• ICS: 93.080.10 - Road construction
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Due Date: 24-Apr-2009
• Completion Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
• Ref Project: EN 500-4:2006 - Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines

Relations

• Consolidated By: SIST EN 500-4:2007+A1:2009 - Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Consolidated By: SIST EN 500-4:2007+A1:2009 - Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023
• Replaces: SIST EN 500-4:2000 - Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2007
• Consolidated By: SIST EN 500-4:2007+A1:2009 - Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Revised: SIST EN 500-4:2011 - Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Revised: SIST EN 500-4:2007/kprA1:2008 - Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 500-4:2007
01-januar-2007
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 500-4:2000
3UHPLþQLVWURML]DJUDGQMRFHVW9DUQRVWGHO3RVHEQH]DKWHYH]DVWURMH]D
NRPSDNWLUDQMHWDO
Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific requirements for
compaction machines
Bewegliche Straßenbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Besondere Anforderungen an
Verdichtungsmaschinen
Machines mobiles pour la construction de routes - Sécurité - Partie 4 : Prescriptions
spécifiques pour compacteurs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 500-4:2006
ICS:
93.080.10 Gradnja cest Road construction
SIST EN 500-4:2007 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 500-4:2007

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 500-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2006
ICS 91.220 Supersedes EN 500-4:1995
English Version
Mobile road construction machinery - Safety - Part 4: Specific
requirements for compaction machines
Machines mobiles pour la construction de routes - Sécurité Bewegliche Straßenbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 4:
- Partie 4 : Prescriptions spécifiques pour compacteurs Besondere Anforderungen an Verdichtungsmaschinen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 August 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 500-4:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 List of significant hazards .8
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures.8
5.1 Lighting, signalling and marking lights and reflex-reflector devices.8
5.2 Operation and handling .8
5.3 Operator’s station.10
5.4 Operator's seat.10
5.5 Controls and indicators .10
5.6 Starting .10
5.7 Stopping .10
5.8 Access system to operator's station and to maintenance points .11
5.9 Hand-guards on explosion rammers .12
5.10 Roll-over protective structure (ROPS).12
5.11 Noise and vibration.13
6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures .13
7 Information for the user .14
7.1 Warning signals and devices .14
7.2 Instruction handbook .14
7.3 Marking .14
Annex A (normative) Braking systems for rollers with ride-on operators.15
Annex B (normative) Remote infrared controls for rollers with attending operator.20
Annex C (normative) Noise test code for hand-guided and remote-controlled vibratory ground
compaction machines .23
Annex D (normative) Measurement of the hand-arm vibration of hand-guided vibratory ground
compaction machines .33
Annex E (normative) Noise test code for rollers for ride-on operation.39
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements
of EC Directive 98/37/EC .44
Bibliography .45

Figures
Figure 1 — Vertical swinging of single-drum walk-behind rollers .9
Figure 2 — Position of the safety device at pedestrian-controlled rollers .9
Figure 3 — Minimum clearance of lower limbs at access to the operator’s station on machines with
articulated steering .12
Figure 4 — Deflection-limiting volume, front view, side view.13
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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
Figure C.1 — Arrangement of test positions for hand-guided machines.24
Figure C.2 — Arrangement of test positions for remote-controlled machines.25
Figure C.3 — Grading-size diagramme of the material to be compacted (gravel).28
Figure C.4 — Test site and arrangement with test track .29
Figure D.1 — Directions of measurement and examples for attachment of the acceleration transducer .35
Figure D.2 — Arrangement of the coupling device on the drawbar.36
Figure E.1 — Basic length L .40
Figure E.2 — Microphone positions .40

Tables
Table A.1 — Maximum force levels for brake-system controls for performance tests.18
Table A.2 — Brake performance requirements working mode .19
Table C.1 — Coordinates of microphones .26
Table C.2 — Operating conditions .30
Table C.3 — Uncertainties.30

3

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 500-4:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Building material con-
struction machinery and equipment — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by April 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by
October 2008.
This document supersedes EN 500-4:1995.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
EN 500 “Mobile road construction machinery — Safety” comprise the following parts:
 Part 1: Common requirements;
 Part 2: Specific requirements for road-milling machines;
 Part 3: Specific requirements for soil-stabilising machines and recycling machines;
 Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines;
 Part 6: Specific requirements for paver-finishers.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following coun-
tries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Esto-
nia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
4

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indi-
cated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the pro-
visions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have
been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
5

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)

1 Scope
This part of EN 500 specifies the safety requirements for compaction machines as defined in Clause 3 and deals
with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compaction machines, when they are used
as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable.
This document specifies additional requirements to and/or exceptions from EN 500-1 ”Common requirements”.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN 500-1:2006, Mobile road construction machinery — Safety — Part 1: Common requirements
EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for
design
EN 13510:2000, Earth-moving machinery — Roll-over protective structures — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements (ISO 3471:1994, including Amendment 1:1997, modified)
EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC
60204-1:1997)
EN ISO 3164:1999, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluations of protective structures — Specifications for
deflection-limiting volume (ISO 3164:1995)
EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure —
Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994)
EN ISO 6683:2005, Earth-moving machinery — Seat belts and seat belt anchorages — Performance requirements
and tests (ISO 6683:2005)
EN ISO 11201:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an essentially free field
over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995)
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic termi-
nology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
EN 60664, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems
EN ISO 20643:2005, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand-guided machinery — Principles for evaluation of
vibration emission (ISO 20643:2005)
ISO 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery — Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measure-
ment accuracies
ISO 17063:2003, Earth-moving machinery — Braking systems of pedestrian-controlled machines — Performance
requirements and test procedures
6

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following ap-
ply.
3.1
compaction machine
machine which compacts materials, e.g. rock fills, soil or asphalt material, through a rolling and/or vibrating action
of the wheel bodies or by tamping and vibrating movements of vibratory plates or rammers. It may be self-
propelled, towed, pedestrian-controlled or attachment-type machines. The wheel bodies (metallic cylinders) can be
rubber-coated or fitted with pads.
Compaction machines are subdivided as follows:
3.1.1
roller for ride-on operators
self-propelled compaction machine with one or more metallic cylindrical bodies (drums) or rubber tyres; the opera-
tor's station is an integral part of the machine
3.1.1.1
single-drum roller
self-propelled compaction machine with one vibrating metallic cylindrical body (drum) and two rubber tyres
3.1.1.2
tandem roller
self-propelled compaction machine with one metallic cylindrical body (drum) in the front and one in the rear. They
can be either static or vibrating and they can be split
3.1.1.3
combined roller
self-propelled compaction machine with one or more metallic cylindrical body (drum) and more than two rubber
tyres
3.1.1.4
three-wheel roller
self-propelled compaction machine with one metallic body (drum) in the front (or rear) and two in the rear (or front).
The drums can be split
3.1.1.5
pneumatic-tyre roller
self-propelled compaction machine with three or more tyres in the front and the rear
3.1.2
pedestrian-controlled roller
self-propelled compaction machine with one or more metallic cylindrical bodies (drums) or rubber tyres in which the
operating facilities for travelling, steering, braking and vibrating are disposed in such a way that the intended opera-
tion of the machine has to be undertaken by an attending operator or by remote control in accordance with An-
nex B
3.1.3
towed roller
compaction machine with one or more metallic cylindrical bodies (drums) or rubber tyres which do not possess an
independent drive system and where the operator's station is located at the towing unit
3.1.4
vibratory plate and vibratory rammer
compaction machine with mainly flat base plate which is transposed into vibration. It is operated by an attending
operator or as an attachment to a carrier machine
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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
3.1.5
explosion rammer
compaction machine with mainly a flat pad as a compacting tool which moves in a predominantly vertical direction
by explosion pressure. The machine is operated by an attending operator
3.2
braking system
system affecting all machine components between the operator and the wheels and drums, which effects the ma-
chine stopping and holding (see Annex A for further definition)
4 List of significant hazards
Annex F of EN 500-1:2006 applies.
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 Lighting, signalling and marking lights and reflex-reflector devices
5.2 of EN 500-1:2006 applies.
5.2 Operation and handling
5.2.1 Retrieval transportation and towing
5.3.2 of EN 500-1:2006 applies.
5.2.2 Pedestrian-controlled rollers
5.2.2.1 General
5.3.3 of EN 500-1:2006 applies with the following addition:
5.2.2.2 Handle bar
To prevent dangerous vertical swinging of the steering element (handle bar) of the single-drum pedestrian-
controlled rollers, movement of the handle shall be not less than 0,2 m and not more than 1,4 m above the ground
(see Figure 1).









8

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres

Figure 1 — Vertical swinging of single-drum walk-behind rollers
5.2.2.3 Protection device against crushing
Pedestrian-controlled rollers shall be provided with a protection device against crushing which is designed to pre-
vent the operator from being trapped between the machine and an obstacle.
The device shall be so designed to stop the machine in a distance that is less than the total operating range of the
device.
This device shall have an effective operating force not exceeding 230 N.
Dimensions in millimetres


rollers with handle bar remote-controlled rollers
Key
1 stopping device
Figure 2 — Position of the safety device at pedestrian-controlled rollers
9

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
5.3 Operator’s station
5.4.1 of EN 500-1:2006 applies with the following addition:
 if the operator's position is offset from the space envelope width centreline, then the internal distance from the
seat centreline to the side of the enclosure shall not be less than 295 mm.
5.4 Operator's seat
5.5 of EN 500-1:2006 applies.
5.5 Controls and indicators
5.5.1 General
5.6 of EN 500-1:2006 applies with the following addition:
5.5.2 Travel control of pedestrian-controlled machines with handle bar
The machine-travel control of pedestrian-controlled rollers with an attended operator shall be of the hold-to-run
type.
5.5.3 Controls for towed machines
For towed rollers, it shall be possible to control the on/off operate of the vibration from the operator's station on the
towing unit.
5.5.4 Remote control of pedestrian-controlled rollers
5.5.4.1 Infrared remote control
Infrared remote-controlled pedestrian-controlled rollers shall conform to Annex B.
5.5.4.2 Cable remote control
The stretched cable length shall not be more than 4 m.
5.6 Starting
5.7.1 of EN 500-1:2006 applies with the following exception:
 the requirement for a neutral start function does not apply to vibratory plates and vibratory rammers if they are
furnished with a centrifugal clutch in their driving system.
5.7 Stopping
5.7.1 General
5.8 of EN 500-1:2006 applies with the following exceptions:
 hold-to-run control for forward and reverse function is not required for vibratory plates, vibratory rammers and
explosion rammers;
 an emergency stop is not required for vibratory plates, vibratory rammers and explosion rammers.
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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
5.7.2 Stopping device
Explosion rammers shall be fitted with a device to prevent the possibility of unintentional ignition after stopping.
An automatic stopping device is not required for vibratory plates and vibratory rammers equipped with a centrifugal
force clutch.
5.7.3 Braking systems
5.7.3.1 Braking systems for rollers with ride-on operators
Rollers with ride-on operators shall be fitted with the following braking systems:
 a service brake system;
 a secondary brake system;
 a parking brake system.
Service and secondary brake systems shall work independently of each other according to A.1.5.4.
The following applies for the service and secondary brake systems:
 the brake systems shall apply to all power-driven drums and wheels;
 in case of split drums, every drum part shall have the same brake torque;
 the brake systems of single-drum rollers and combined rollers shall apply to all wheels and to the drum;
 the service and the secondary brake shall work independently according to A.1.5.4.
If a hydrostatic drive is provided, it shall be interrupted when activating the secondary brake.
The performance of the braking systems shall meet the requirements of Annex A.
All brake systems shall be controlled from the operator's station.
5.7.3.2 Braking systems for pedestrian-controlled rollers
ISO 17063 shall apply.
5.8 Access system to operator's station and to maintenance points
5.9 of EN 500-1:2006 applies with the following exception:
 on machines with articulated steering system and in the full articulated steering position, a minimum clearance
of 150 mm shall be provided in the path of the access systems to the operator’s station as illustrated in Figure
3.
11

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres

Figure 3 — Minimum clearance of lower limbs at access to the operator’s station on machines with
articulated steering
5.9 Hand-guards on explosion rammers
The upper handholds on explosion rammers shall be fitted with protective hand-guards to avoid crushing hazards.
5.10 Roll-over protective structure (ROPS)
Rollers for ride-on operators shall be equipped with a roll-over protective structure (ROPS) meeting the require-
ments of EN 13510.
If the driver’s position is not at the longitudinal centre line of the machine, the test procedure of EN 13510 is modi-
fied as follows:
 the proportion of deflection-limiting volume (DLV) above the LA (SIP) line according to EN ISO 3164 is allowed
to deviate (lean) up to 15° laterally as shown in Figure 4 when the minimum energy requirement is met. The
portion below the LA (SIP) line of DLV can be disregarded.
The driver's seat shall be provided with a restrain system according to EN ISO 6683. The seat belts shall not hinder
the operation of the roller, nor shall they interfere with the suspension system of the seat.
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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)

Key
1 angle up to 15°
2 locating axis, LA
3 seat index point SIP
Figure 4 — Deflection-limiting volume, front view, side view
5.11 Noise and vibration
5.11.1 Noise measurement of pedestrian-controlled machines
5.18.2 and 5.18.3 of EN 500-1:2006 apply with the following additions:
 the noise emission of pedestrian-controlled compaction machines shall be determined according to Annex C.
5.11.2 Noise measurement of rollers for ride-on operation
5.18.2 and 5.18.3 of EN 500-1:2006 apply with the following additions:
 the noise emission of rollers for ride-on operation shall be determined according to Annex E.
5.11.3 Vibration measurement of pedestrian-controlled machines
5.18.4 and 5.18.5 of EN 500-1:2006 applies with the following additions:
 the hand-arm vibration of pedestrian-controlled machines shall be determined according to Annex D.
6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures
Clause 6 of EN 500-1:2006 applies.
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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
7 Information for the user
7.1 Warning signals and devices
Annex E of EN 500-1:2006 applies.
7.2 Instruction handbook
7.2 of EN 500-1:2006 applies with the following addition:
 hand-/arm vibration as specified in 5.11.3;
 stopping device for pedestrian-controlled compaction machines;
 remote control;
 safety precaution for starting and stopping pedestrian-controlled machines;
 access systems;
 instructions for the proper use including cleaning and maintenance of the water sprinkler system;
 additional information concerning the stability of the machine (permissible slope etc.).
7.3 Marking
7.3 of EN 500-1:2006 applies.
14

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
Annex A
(normative)

Braking systems for rollers with ride-on operators
A.1 Definitions
The following terms and definitions are issued from EN ISO 3450.
A.1.1
brake system
all the components which combine together to stop and/or hold the machine, consisting of a control, means of
brake actuation, the brake(s) and, if the machine is so equipped, the retarder
A.1.2
service brake system
primary system used for stopping and momentarily holding the machine
A.1.3
secondary brake system
system used for stopping the machine in the event of any single failure in the service braking system
A.1.4
parking brake system
system used to hold a stopped machine in a stationary position
A.1.5
brake system components
A.1.5.1
brake control
component directly activated by the operator to cause a force to be transmitted to the brake(s)
A.1.5.2
brake actuation system
all of the components between the control and the brake(s) which connect(s) them functionally
A.1.5.3
brake
component which directly applies a force to oppose movement of the machine. Brakes may, for example, be of fric-
tion, electrical, hydrostatic or other fluid types
A.1.5.4
common component
component that performs a function in two or more braking systems
A.1.6
stopping distance s
distance travelled by the machine from the point on the test course at which the machine brake control actuation
begins to the point on the test course where the machine is fully stopped
15

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SIST EN 500-4:2007
EN 500-4:2006 (E)
A.2 Braking systems performance
A.2.1 Common components
Brake systems may use common components.
However, a failure of any single component other than the ground-contacting components should not reduce the
effectiveness of the stopping capability of the machine below the necessary stopping performance of the secondary
braking system.
A.2.2 Service braking system
A.2.2.1 General
All machines shall be equipped with a service braking system capable of being controlled from the operator's sta-
tion.
A.2.2.2 Stopping performance
The stopping performance of the service braking system, when tested in accordance with A.3.2, shall be sufficient
to stop the machine within the distance specified in Table A.1 or Table A.2.
A.2.2.3 Holding performance
The holding performance of the service braking system, when tested in accordance with A.3.2, shall have the ca-
pability to hold the machine in both the forward and reverse direction of travel of
a) a 20 % gradient
or
b) the maximum gradient which the machine can climb.
The highest of values a) or b) is to be taken into account.
A.2.2.4 System recovery
The primary power source of the service braking system shall have the capability of delivering at least 70 % of
maximum brake pressure measured at the brakes when the brakes are fully applied 20 times at 10-s intervals with
the engine at maximum governed rpm.
A.2.2.5 Warning device (stored energy sources)
If stored energy is used for the service braking system, that system shall be equipped with a warning device which
actuates before system energy drops below the greater of 50 % of the manufacturer's specified maximum operat-
ing energy level or the level required to meet the secondary stopping requirements. The device shall readily
...