oSIST prEN IEC 61340-4-9:2022
(Main)Electrostatics - Part 4-9: Standard test methods for specific applications - Garments - Resistive Characterization
Electrostatics - Part 4-9: Standard test methods for specific applications - Garments - Resistive Characterization
This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods for measuring the electrical resistance of garments used for static control applications. These test methods can be used for evaluating outer garments that are homogenously conductive or homogeneously dissipative, or that utilize surface conductive or surface dissipative components or elements.
NOTE The test methods defined in this standard might not be able to measure materials with buried conductive layers.
The resistance point-to-point test method tests the electrical resistance between the two sleeves, any two panels or any two or more electrically interconnected components of the static control garment, including the electrical resistance across the seams and cuffs of the garment as applicable.
An alternate sleeve-to-sleeve test method is allowed, using clamps to hang a garment.
Static control garments that electrically bond to the wearer and provide a path to ground from the wearer are evaluated using the resistance point-to-point test method, the resistance point to groundable point test method, as well as a system test to determine the resistance from the person through the garment to the groundable point of the garment system.
A band resistance measurement test is provided in IEC 61340-4-6 which can be used for garments so equipped with cuffs that are intended to perform the same function as a wrist strap band.
The system test with a person wearing a groundable static control garment system includes the ground cord that connects to the groundable point of the garment.
Elektrostatik – Teil 4-9: Standard-Prüfverfahren für spezielle Anwendungen – Kleidung – Resistive Charakterisierung
Électrostatique - Partie 4-9: Méthodes d'essai normalisées pour des applications spécifiques - Vêtements - Caractéristiques résistives
Elektrostatika - 4-9. del: Standardne preskusne metode za posebno uporabo - Oblačila - Uporovne značilnosti
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 61340-4-9:2022
01-februar-2022
Elektrostatika - 4-9. del: Standardne preskusne metode za posebno uporabo -
Oblačila - Uporovne značilnosti
Electrostatics - Part 4-9: Standard test methods for specific applications - Garments -
Resistive Characterization
Électrostatique - Partie 4-9: Méthodes d'essai normalisées pour des applications
spécifiques - Vêtements - Caractéristiques résistives
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 61340-4-9:2021
ICS:
13.340.10 Varovalna obleka Protective clothing
17.220.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
elektriko in magnetizmom electricity and magnetism
oSIST prEN IEC 61340-4-9:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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101/643/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 61340-4-9 ED3
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2021-12-10 2022-03-04
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
101/626/CD, 101/636A/CC
IEC TC 101 : ELECTROSTATICS
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Germany Mr Hartmut Berndt
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any,
in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft for
Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they
are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
TITLE:
Electrostatics - Part 4-9: Standard test methods for specific applications - Garments - Resistive
Characterization
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2027
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
The text "Resistive Characterization" has been added to the project title (see 101/636A/CC).
Copyright © 2021 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download this
electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions.
You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without
permission in writing from IEC.
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1 CONTENTS
2
3 FOREWORD . 4
4 INTRODUCTION . 6
5 1 Scope . 7
6 2 Normative references . 7
7 3 Terms and definitions . 8
8 4 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing . 8
9 5 Equipment and materials . 9
10 5.1 Resistance measurement apparatus . 9
11 5.1.1 General . 9
12 5.1.2 Product qualification . 9
13 5.1.3 Acceptance testing . 9
14 5.1.4 Ohmmeter for testing personal ground path . 9
15 5.2 Resistance measurement electrodes . 9
16 5.2.1 Cylindrical electrodes . 9
17 5.2.2 Clamps/electrodes . 9
18 5.2.3 Cuff test fixture . 10
19 5.2.4 Hand-held electrode . 10
20 5.3 Support surface . 10
21 5.3.1 Insulative support surface . 10
22 5.3.2 Insulative sleeve inserts . 10
23 5.3.3 Insulative hangers . 10
24 6 Test procedure . 10
25 6.1 Sample preparation . 10
26 6.1.1 General . 10
27 6.1.2 Number of samples . 10
28 6.2 Humidity requirements . 10
29 6.3 Test procedures . 11
30 6.3.1 General . 11
31 6.3.2 Resistance point-to-point . 11
32 6.3.3 Resistance point-to-groundable point . 12
33 6.3.4 Cuff measurements . 12
34 6.3.5 Groundable static control garment system . 12
35 7 Product qualification . 12
36 8 Reporting. 13
37 Annex A (informative) Garment types and resistance values . 20
38 Annex B (informative) Data collection sheet (example) . 21
39 Bibliography . 23
40
41 Figure 1 – Test set-up – Resistance point-to-point (sleeve-to-sleeve procedure with
42 insulative sleeve inserts) . 14
43 Figure 2 – Test set-up – Resistance point-to-point (insulative sleeve inserted into
44 sleeve detail) . 14
45 Figure 3 – Test set-up – Resistance point-to-point (panel-to-panel procedure with
46 insulative support surface) . 14
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47 Figure 4 – Test set-up – Resistance point-to-point (cuff-to-cuff procedure with
48 insulative sleeve inserts) . 15
49 Figure 5 – Test set-up – Resistance point-to-point (electrode inserted into cuff detail) . 15
50 Figure 6 – Test set-up – Resistance point-to-point (hanging clamp sleeve-to-sleeve
51 procedure) . 16
52 Figure 7 – Clamps/electrodes for hanging garment test. 16
53 Figure 8 – Test set-up – Resistance point-to-groundable point (cuff-to-groundable-
54 point procedure with insulative sleeve inserts) . 17
55 Figure 9 – Test set-up – Resistance point-to-groundable point (sleeve-to-groundable-
56 point procedure with insulative sleeve inserts) . 17
57 Figure 10 – Groundable garment cuff test . 18
58 Figure 11 – Test set-up – Groundable static control garment system resistance
59 (groundable garment in combination with a person using a meter and hand-held
60 electrode) . 18
61 Figure 12 – Test set-up – Groundable static control garment system resistance
62 (groundable garment in combination with a person using an integrated tester) . 19
63
64 Table 1 – Product qualification . 13
65 Table A.1 – Garment types and resistance values . 20
66
67
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68 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
69 ____________
70
71 ELECTROSTATICS –
72
73 Part 4-9: Standard test methods for
74 specific applications – Garments – Resistive Characterization
75
76 FOREWORD
77 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
78 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
79 international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
80 this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
81 Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
82 Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
83 in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
84 governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
85 with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
86 agreement between the two organizations.
87 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
88 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
89 interested IEC National Committees.
90 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
91 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
92 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
93 misinterpretation by any end user.
94 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
95 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
96 between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
97 the latter.
98 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
99 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
100 services carried out by independent certification bodies.
101 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
102 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
103 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
104 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
105 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
106 Publications.
107 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
108 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
109 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
110 patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
111 International Standard IEC 61340-4-9 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 101:
112 Electrostatics.
113 This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2010. This edition
114 constitutes a technical revision.
115 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
116 edition:
117 a) IEC 61010-1 and IEC 61010-2-030 were added as requirements for measurement
118 equipment
119 b) Testing voltage for personal ground path changed from 7 V DC to 30 V DC to 7 V DC to
120 100 V DC
121 c) Cleaning requirements changed from a minimum of 5 cycles of cleaning to a minimum of 3
122 cycles of cleaning.
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123 d) Moderate humidity requirements deleted
124 e) Figures were replaced with generic drawings
125 The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
101/500/FDIS 101/502/RVD
126
127 Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
128 voting indicated in the above table.
129 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
130 A list of all parts in the IEC 61340 series, published under the general title Electrostatics, can
131 be found on the IEC website.
132 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
133 the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
134 related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
135 • reconfirmed,
136 • withdrawn,
137 • replaced by a revised edition, or
138 • amended.
139
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
140
141
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142 INTRODUCTION
143 This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods for evaluating the electrical resistance of
144 garments that contain surface conductive or dissipative components or materials used in the
145 electronics industry for the control of electrostatic discharge. This standard defines
146 procedures for measuring electrical resistance, including a system resistance test for
147 garments that provide a ground path for personnel.
148 Clothing made from synthetic fibres is a common source of electrostatic charge. Wearing an
149 appropriate static control garment over personal clothing can minimize the effect of this
150 charge. To effectively control electrostatic charges, the static control garment should be
151 grounded.
152 Three categories of garments are considered in this standard.
153 a) A static control garment might suppress or otherwise affect an electric field from clothing
154 worn underneath the garment without being attached to ground. However, without
155 grounding, a charge might accumulate on conductive or dissipative elements of a
156 garment, if present, resulting in a charged source.
157 b) A groundable static control garment can provide a higher level of suppression when the
158 lower resistance fabric is connected to ground.
159 c) A groundable static control garment system provides a ground path for a person that
160 suppresses the electrical field from clothing worn underneath the garment and also bonds
161 the skin of the wearer to an identified ground path. Groundable static control garment
162 systems can also be used in conjunction with a continuous or constant monitoring system
163 in a manner similar to those used in continuous monitoring of wrist straps in an ESD
164 protected area (EPA).
165 Resistive characterization is only one aspect to consider in evaluating garments for any
166 specific application. To fully characterize a garment, electrical field attenuation, static decay,
167 peak voltage, residual voltage and triboelectric charging might need to be considered. Other
168 attributes related to applications and environments, such as cleanroom compatibility, chemical
169 and fire resistance, should be evaluated in the garment selection process but are beyond the
170 scope of this standard.
171 Garments constructed from fabrics made with fibres that are not surface conductive but might
172 have other related properties that impart some level of electrostatic charge dissipation or
173 suppression when connected to ground, are not specifically measured by the methods
174 provided in this standard. This being the case, some garment fabrics and construction might
175 allow for surface voltage accumulation and charge transfer to occur which can be detrimental
176 to electronic items.
177 Alternate methods for evaluating the electrostatic properties of garments are described in IEC
178 TS 61340-4-2.
179
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180 ELECTROSTATICS –
181
182 Part 4-9: Standard test methods for
183 specific applications – Garments – Resistive Characterization
184
185
186
187 1 Scope
188 This part of IEC 61340 provides test methods for measuring the electrical resistance of
189 garments used for static control applications. These test methods can be used for evaluating
190 outer garments that are homogenously conductive or homogeneously dissipative, or that
191 utilize surface conductive or surface dissipative components or elements.
192 NOTE The test methods defined in this standard might not be able to measure materials with buried conductive
193 layers.
194 The resistance point-to-point test method tests the electrical resistance between the two
195 sleeves, any two panels or any two or more electrically interconnected components of the
196 static control garment, including the electrical resistance across the seams and cuffs of the
197 garment as applicable.
198 An alternate sleeve-to-sleeve test method is allowed, using clamps to hang a garment.
199 Static control garments that electrically bond to the wearer and provide a path to ground from
200 the wearer are evaluated using the resistance point-to-point test method, the resistance point
201 to groundable point test method, as well as a system test to determine the resistance from the
202 person through the garment to the groundable point of the garment system.
203 A band resistance measurement test is provided in IEC 61340-4-6 which can be used for
204 garments so equipped with cuffs that are intended to perform the same function as a wrist
205 strap band.
206 The system test with a person wearing a groundable static control garment system includes
207 the ground cord that connects to the groundable point of the garment.
208 2 Normative references
209 The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
210 are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
211 undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
212 amendments) applies.
213 IEC 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
214 laboratory use – Part 1 General requirements
215 IEC 61010-2-030, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
216 laboratory use – Part 2-030 Particular requirements for equipment having testing or
217 measuring circuits
218 IEC 61340-2-3, Electrostatics – Part 2-3: Methods of test for determining the resistance and
219 resistivity of solid materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation
220 IEC 61340-4-6, Electrostatics – Part 4-6: Standard test methods for specific applications –
221 Wrist straps
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222 3 Terms and definitions
223 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
224 3.1
225 acceptance testing
226 testing used to confirm to users that products delivered are substantially the same as the
227 samples used to qualify products
228 3.2
229 garment system
230 any electrically interconnected components of static control apparel
231 3.3
232 point-to-point resistance
233 resistance measured from one point to another on the surface of the same panel or two
234 different panels of a garment
235 Note 1 to entry: Point-to-point resistance is expressed in Ω.
236 3.4
237 static control garments
238 personnel garments that are designed for electrostatic charge control
239 3.5
240 product qualification
241 testing used to confirm that products comply with requirements of an ESD control program or
242 other specification
243 3.6
244 groundable static control garment
245 garment that exhibits an electrical resistance from point-to-point and from any point or panel
246 on the garment to the groundable point on the garment
247 Note 1 to entry: The groundable point can be a cuff contact to the wearer’s skin or separate dedicated grounding
248 point connector.
249 3.7
250 groundable static control garment system
251 garments that are used to establish the primary ground path for a person to the groundable
252 point of the garment and the connection of the garment to ground, typically through a
253 grounding cord
254 Note 1 to entry: The garment is a groundable static control garment as defined in 3.6, with additional features to
255 enable grounding of the wearer.
256 4 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing
257 The following requirements supersede any other specification for the atmosphere for
258 conditioning and testing that might be given in one or more of the documents referred to in
259 this standard.
260 Unless otherwise agreed, the atmosphere for conditioning and testing for laboratory
261 evaluations at low humidity shall be at a temperature of 23 °C ± 2 °C and 12 % ± 3 % relative
262 humidity. The conditioning time prior to testing shall be at least 48 h.
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263 5 Equipment and materials
264 5.1 Resistance measurement apparatus
265 5.1.1 General
266 Electrical equipment for measurement shall comply with the safety requirements of IEC
267 61010-1 and IEC 61010-2-030. The measurement apparatus, called the meter, whether it is a
268 single meter or collection of instruments, shall be capable of the following.
269 5.1.2 Product qualification
270 The meter shall have a circuit voltage while under load of 100 V (±5 %) for measurements of
6 6
271 1,0 × 10 Ω and above, and 10 V (±5 %) for measurements less than 1,0 × 10 Ω.
3 12
272 The meter shall be capable of making measurements from 1,0 × 10 Ω to 1,0 × 10 Ω.
273 5.1.3 Acceptance testing
274 The product qualification meter can be used for acceptance testing or the following:
6
275 The meter shall have an open circuit voltage of 100 V (±5 %) for measurements of 1,0 × 10 Ω
6
276 and above, and 10 V (±5 %) for measurements less than 1,0 × 10 Ω.
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277 The meter shall be capable of making measurements from 1,0 × 10 Ω to 1,0 × 10 Ω.
278 In case of disagreement the meter used for product qualification shall be used to resolve any
279 disputes.
280 5.1.4 Ohmmeter for testing personal ground path
281 Integrated tester or meter, whether it is a single meter (ohmmeter) or a collection of
4 8
282 instruments that are capable of measuring from 5,0 × 10 Ω to at least 1,0 × 10 Ω with a test
283 voltage from 7 V to 100 V DC open circuit. If the test voltage exceeds 60 V DC, or 35 V DC in
284 wet locations, the additional safety limits for current and capacitive charge specified in
285 IEC 61010-1 shall be applied.
286 Both test leads should be capable of being isolated from ground. AC line-powered resistance
287 measuring devices might give erroneous results due to undefined ground paths. Battery
288 powered equipment is recommended.
289 5.2 Resistance measurement electrodes
290 5.2.1 Cylindrical electrodes
291 A cylindrical 2,5 kg ± 0,25 kg electrode with a diameter of 63,5 mm ± 1 mm, having a contact
292 of electrically conductive material with a Shore-A (IRHD) durometer hardness between 50 and
3
293 70. The resistance between two electrodes should be less than 1,0 × 10 Ω when measured
294 at 10 V on a metallic surface.
295 5.2.2 Clamps/electrodes
296 The clamps/electrodes shall consist of two flat electrically conductive plates (e.g. stainless
297 steel) with a dimension of approximately 50 mm × 25 mm each. The clamp/electrodes shall be
298 electrically conductive with sufficient compression force to retain and suspend the garment.
299 See Figure 7.
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300 5.2.3 Cuff test fixture
301 A test fixture comprising an insulative stand and two stainless steel cylinders (25,0 ± 0,5) mm
302 in diameter, with one cylinder fixed to the stand directly above the second. The second
303 cylinder shall have a mass of (0,11 ± 0,01) kg and is mounted in a slot in the stand that allows
304 free vertical movement. See Figure 10.
305 5.2.4 Hand-held electrode
306 A hand held electrode, e.g. stainless steel, brass, copper or other suitable metal round or
307 tubular stock, approximately 25 mm in diameter and 75 mm or greater in length, with provision
308 for connection to the meter (such as a banana plug receptacle or screw connector) attached
309 to one end of the cylinder. See Figure 11.
310 5.3 Support surface
311 5.3.1 Insulative support surface
312 An insulative surface when used for specimen support shall have a surface resistance of
12
313 greater than 1,0 × 10 Ω when measured in accordance with IEC 61340-2-3. The insulative
314 surface shall be large enough to accommodate the entire garment when it is laid out flat.
315 5.3.2 Insulative sleeve inserts
316 Two pieces of insulative material meeting the requirements of 5.3.1 cut into approximately
317 75 mm by 152 mm strips to slide into the sleeves (and cuffs if so equipped) of garments under
318 test to isolate one side of the sleeve from the other.
319 5.3.3 Insulative hangers
320 The points to which the clamps described in 5.2.2 holding a garment under test shall be
12
321 isolated from ground by a resistance greater than 1,0 × 10 Ω when measured with an
322 instrument meeting the requirements of 5.1.3. Insulating thread can be used for this purpose.
323 6 Test procedure
324 6.1 Sample preparation
325 6.1.1 General
326 Garments might have a temporary finish on them, either a residue from processing treatments or
327 deliberately applied by garment manufacturers, that can reduce electrical resistance. Such finishes
328 shall be removed before proper evaluation of the long-term properties of garments can be made. This
329 can be achieved by processing garments through a minimum of three cycles of the garment
330 manufacturer’s prescribed or user defined cleaning process prior to performing laboratory tests.
331 The person performing the tests should examine the garment’s construction and make a
332 general sketch showing separate front and back panels used to fabricate the garment.
333 Number the panels for measurement identification purposes from N° 1 to N° n. Identify the
334 sleeves and cuffs as left and right. The groundable points, if they
...
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