SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems - Part 5: Protective paint systems (ISO 12944-5:2007)
Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems - Part 5: Protective paint systems (ISO 12944-5:2007)
This part of ISO 12944 describes the types of paint and paint system commonly used for corrosion protection of steel structures. It also provides guidance for the selection of paint systems available for different environments (see ISO 12944-2) and different surface preparation grades (see ISO 12944-4), and the durability grade to be expected (see ISO 12944-1). The durability of paint systems is classified in terms of low, medium and high.
Beschichtungsstoffe - Korrosionsschutz von Stahlbauten durch Beschichtungssysteme - Teil 5: Beschichtungssysteme (ISO 12944-5:2007)
Dieser Teil von ISO 12944 beschreibt die für den Korrosionsschutz von Stahlbauten allgemein verwendeten Typen von Beschichtungsstoffen und Beschichtungssystemen. Er gibt auch Hinweise für die Auswahl von Beschichtungssystemen, die für verschiedene Umgebungsbedingungen (siehe ISO 12944 2) zur Verfügung stehen, zu verschiedenen Oberflächenvorbereitungsgraden (siehe ISO 12944 4), und zu der zu erwartenden Schutzdauer (siehe ISO 12944 1). Die Schutzdauer von Beschichtungssystemen wird in niedrig, mittel und hoch eingeteilt.
Peintures et vernis - Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systemes de peinture - Partie 5: Systemes de peinture (ISO 12944-5:2007)
L'ISO 12944-5:2007 décrit les types de peinture et de systèmes de peinture couramment utilisés pour la protection contre la corrosion des structures en acier. Elle fournit également des directives pour le choix de systèmes de peinture adaptés aux différents environnements, qualités de préparation de surface et niveau de durabilité attendu. La durabilité des systèmes de peinture est classée en termes de durabilité limitée, moyenne et élevée.
Barve in laki - Korozijska zaščita jeklenih konstrukcij z zaščitnimi premaznimi sistemi - 5. del: Zaščitni premazni sistemi (ISO 12944-5:2007)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
01-januar-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 12944-5:1998
%DUYHLQODNL.RUR]LMVND]DãþLWDMHNOHQLKNRQVWUXNFLM]]DãþLWQLPLSUHPD]QLPL
VLVWHPLGHO =DãþLWQLSUHPD]QLVLVWHPL ,62
Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint
systems - Part 5: Protective paint systems (ISO 12944-5:2007)
Beschichtungsstoffe - Korrosionsschutz von Stahlbauten durch Beschichtungssysteme -
Teil 5: Beschichtungssysteme (ISO 12944-5:2007)
Peintures et vernis - Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systemes de peinture -
Partie 5: Systemes de peinture (ISO 12944-5:2007)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12944-5:2007
ICS:
25.220.20 Površinska obdelava Surface treatment
87.040 Barve in laki Paints and varnishes
91.080.13 Jeklene konstrukcije Steel structures
SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 12944-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2007
ICS 87.020 Supersedes EN ISO 12944-5:1998
English Version
Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures
by protective paint systems - Part 5: Protective paint systems
(ISO 12944-5:2007)
Peintures et vernis - Anticorrosion des structures en acier Beschichtungsstoffe - Korrosionsschutz von Stahlbauten
par systèmes de peinture - Partie 5: Systèmes de peinture durch Beschichtungssysteme - Teil 5:
(ISO 12944-5:2007) Beschichtungssysteme (ISO 12944-5:2007)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 June 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 12944-5:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
EN ISO 12944-5:2007 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
2
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
EN ISO 12944-5:2007 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 12944-5:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 "Paints and
varnishes" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 "Paints and varnishes", the secretariat of
which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2008.
This document supersedes EN ISO 12944-5:1998.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 12944-5:2007 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 12944-5:2007 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12944-5
Second edition
2007-09-15
Paints and varnishes — Corrosion
protection of steel structures by
protective paint systems —
Part 5:
Protective paint systems
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par
systèmes de peinture —
Partie 5: Systèmes de peinture
Reference number
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
©
ISO 2007
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
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ii © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 Types of paint. 4
4.1 General. 4
4.2 Reversible coatings. 4
4.3 Irreversible coatings. 4
4.4 General properties of different generic types of paint. 7
5 Paint systems. 7
5.1 Classification of environments and surfaces to be painted . 7
5.2 Type of primer . 8
5.3 Low-VOC paint systems. 9
5.4 Dry film thickness. 9
5.5 Durability . 9
5.6 Shop and site application . 10
6 Tables for protective paint systems . 11
6.1 Reading the tables. 11
6.2 Parameters influencing durability. 11
6.3 Designation of the paint systems listed. 12
6.4 Guidelines for selecting the appropriate paint system. 12
Annex A (informative) Paint systems . 13
Annex B (informative) Pre-fabrication primers . 23
Annex C (informative) General properties . 25
Annex D (informative) Volatile organic compounds (VOCs). 26
Bibliography . 28
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12944-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 14,
Protective paint systems for steel structures.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12944-5:1998), which has been technically
revised. The revision includes a reduction in the number of paint systems and in the number of tables. These
changes have also brought about some changes in the numbering of the systems in the tables.
ISO 12944 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection
of steel structures by protective paint systems:
⎯ Part 1: General introduction
⎯ Part 2: Classification of environments
⎯ Part 3: Design considerations
⎯ Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation
⎯ Part 5: Protective paint systems
⎯ Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods and associated assessment criteria
⎯ Part 7: Execution and supervision of paint work
⎯ Part 8: Development of specifications for new work and maintenance
iv © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
Introduction
Unprotected steel in the atmosphere, in water and in soil is subjected to corrosion that may lead to damage.
Therefore, to avoid corrosion damage, steel structures are normally protected to withstand the corrosion
stresses during the required service life of the structure.
There are different ways of protecting steel structures from corrosion. ISO 12944 deals with protection by
paint systems and covers, in the various parts, all features that are important in achieving adequate corrosion
protection. Other measures are possible, but require particular agreement between the interested parties.
In order to ensure effective corrosion protection of steel structures, it is necessary for owners of such
structures, planners, consultants, companies carrying out corrosion protection work, inspectors of protective
coatings and manufacturers of coating materials to have at their disposal state-of-the-art information in
concise form on corrosion protection by paint systems. Such information has to be as complete as possible,
unambiguous and easily understandable to avoid difficulties and misunderstandings between the parties
concerned with the practical implementation of protection work.
This International Standard — ISO 12944 — is intended to give this information in the form of a series of
instructions. It is written for those who have some technical knowledge. It is also assumed that the user of
ISO 12944 is familiar with other relevant International Standards, in particular those dealing with surface
preparation, as well as relevant national regulations.
Although ISO 12944 does not deal with financial and contractual questions, attention is drawn to the fact that,
because of the considerable implications of inadequate corrosion protection, non-compliance with
requirements and recommendations given in this standard might result in serious financial consequences.
ISO 12944-1 defines the overall scope of all parts of ISO 12944. It gives some basic terms and definitions and
a general introduction to the other parts of ISO 12944. Furthermore, it includes a general statement on health,
safety and environmental protection, and guidelines for using ISO 12944 for a given project.
ISO 12944-5 gives some terms and definitions related to paint systems in combination with guidance for the
selection of different types of protective paint system.
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures
by protective paint systems —
Part 5:
Protective paint systems
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12944 describes the types of paint and paint system commonly used for corrosion protection
of steel structures. It also provides guidance for the selection of paint systems available for different
environments (see ISO 12944-2) and different surface preparation grades (see ISO 12944-4), and the
durability grade to be expected (see ISO 12944-1). The durability of paint systems is classified in terms of low,
medium and high.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
ISO 3549, Zinc dust pigments for paints — Specifications and test methods
ISO 4628-1, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size
of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 1: General introduction and designation
system
ISO 4628-2, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size
of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 2: Assessment of degree of blistering
ISO 4628-3, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size
of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 3: Assessment of degree of rusting
ISO 4628-4, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size
of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 4: Assessment of degree of cracking
ISO 4628-5, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size
of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 5: Assessment of degree of flaking
ISO 4628-6, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size
of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 6: Assessment of degree of chalking by
tape method
ISO 8501-1, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel
substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
ISO 8501-3, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 3: Preparation grades of welds, edges and other areas with surface
imperfections
ISO 12944-1, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems —
Part 1: General introduction
ISO 12944-2, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems —
Part 2: Classification of environments
ISO 12944-4:1998, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint
systems — Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation
ISO 12944-6, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems —
Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods and associated assessment criteria
ISO 19840, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems —
Measurement of, and acceptance criteria for, the thickness of dry films on rough surfaces
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12944-1 and the following terms
and definitions apply.
3.1
high-build
property of a coating material which permits the application of a coat of greater thickness than usually
considered as normal for that type of coating
NOTE For the purposes of this part of ISO 12944, this means W 80 µm dry film thickness per coat.
3.2
high-solids
property of a coating material which contains a volume of solids greater than normal for that coating material
3.3
compatibility
〈for products within a paint system〉 ability of two or more products to be used together successfully as a paint
system without causing undesirable effects
3.4
compatibility
〈between a product and the substrate〉 ability of a product to be applied to a substrate without causing
undesirable effects
3.5
priming coat
first coat of a coating system
NOTE Priming coats provide good adhesion to sufficiently roughened, cleaned metal and/or cleaned old coating,
ensuring a sound base for, and offering adhesion to, the subsequent coats. They normally also provide corrosion
protection during the overcoating interval and the whole service life of the paint system.
3.6
intermediate coat
any coat between the priming coat and the finishing coat/topcoat
NOTE In the English language, the term “undercoat” is sometimes used synonymously, normally for a coat applied
directly before the finishing coat/topcoat.
2 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
3.7
topcoat
final coat of a coating system
3.8
tie coat
coat designed to improve intercoat adhesion and/or avoid certain defects during application
3.9
stripe coat
supplementary coat applied to ensure uniform coverage of critical and difficult to coat areas such as edges,
welds, etc.
3.10
dry film thickness
DFT
thickness of a coating remaining on the surface when the coating has hardened/cured
3.11
nominal dry film thickness
NDFT
dry film thickness specified for each coat or for the whole paint system
3.12
maximum dry film thickness
highest acceptable dry film thickness above which the performance of the paint or the paint system could be
impaired
3.13
primer
paint that has been formulated for use as a priming coat on prepared surfaces
3.14
pre-fabrication primer
fast-drying paint that is applied to blast-cleaned steel to provide temporary protection during fabrication while
still allowing welding and cutting
NOTE In many languages, the term pre-fabrication primer does not have the same meaning as in English.
3.15
pot life
maximum time, at any particular temperature, during which a coating material supplied as separate
components can successfully be used after they have been mixed together
3.16
shelf life
time during which a coating material will remain in good condition when stored in its original sealed container
under normal storage conditions
NOTE The expression “normal storage conditions” is usually understood to mean storage between +5 °C and +30 °C.
3.17
volatile organic compound
VOC
any organic liquid and/or solid that evaporates spontaneously at the prevailing temperature and pressure of
the atmosphere with which it is in contact
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
4 Types of paint
4.1 General
For the protection of steel structures against corrosion many paint systems are widely used.
Based on the corrosivity category, various examples of anticorrosive paint systems are given, in relation to the
expected durability, in Tables A.1 to A.8 in Annex A, which is informative in nature. The systems have been
included because of their proven track record, but the list is NOT intended to be exhaustive and other similar
systems are also available.
In addition, new technologies are continually being developed, often driven by government legislation, and
these should always be considered where appropriate and where performance has been validated by:
a) the track record of such technologies and/or
b) the results of testing at least in accordance with ISO 12944-6.
NOTE 1 The information given in 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 concerns only the chemical and physical properties of paints and not
the way they are used. The limits given for drying and curing temperatures are only indicative. Variations can be expected
for each type of paint, depending on its formulation.
For the purposes of application, paints can be classified as solvent-borne, water-borne or solvent-free. They
are first divided into two main categories according to the manner in which they dry and cure (see 4.2 and 4.3)
and then subdivided (see 4.3.2 to 4.3.5) by generic type and mechanism of cure.
NOTE 2 The main physical and mechanical properties are summarized in Annex C.
4.2 Reversible coatings
The film dries by solvent evaporation with no other change of form, i.e. the process is reversible and the film
can be re-dissolved in the original solvent at any time.
Examples of binders in this type of coating material are:
a) chlorinated rubber (CR);
b) vinyl chloride copolymers (also known as PVC);
c) acrylic polymers (AY).
The drying time will depend, among other things, on air movement and temperature. Drying can take place
down to 0 °C, although at low temperatures it is much slower.
4.3 Irreversible coatings
4.3.1 General considerations
The film dries initially by solvent evaporation (where a solvent is present) followed by a chemical reaction or
by coalescence (in some water-borne paints). The process is irreversible, meaning that the film cannot be
dissolved in the original solvent or, in the case of a solvent-free coating, in a solvent typically used with that
generic type of paint.
4 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
4.3.2 Air-drying paints (oxidative curing)
In these paints, the film hardens/forms by evaporation of solvent, followed by reaction of the binder with
oxygen from the atmosphere.
Typical binders are:
⎯ alkyd;
⎯ urethane alkyd;
⎯ epoxy ester.
The drying time will depend, among other things, on the temperature. The reaction with oxygen can take place
down to 0 °C, although at low temperatures it is much slower.
4.3.3 Water-borne paints (single pack)
In this type of paint, the binder is dispersed in water. The film hardens by evaporation of water and
coalescence of the dispersed binder to form a film.
The process is irreversible, i.e. this type of coating is not re-dispersible in water after drying.
Binders which are typically dispersed in water are:
⎯ acrylic polymers (AY);
⎯ vinyl polymers (PVC);
⎯ polyurethane resins (PUR).
The drying time will depend, among other things, on air movement, relative humidity and temperature. Drying
can take place down to +3 °C, although at low temperatures it is much slower. High humidity (greater than
80 % RH) also impedes the drying process.
4.3.4 Chemically curing paints
4.3.4.1 General considerations
In general, this type of paint consists of a base component and a curing agent component. The mixture of
base and curing agent has a limited pot life (see 3.15).
The paint film dries by evaporation of solvents, if present, and cures by a chemical reaction between the base
and the curing agent components.
The types given below are commonly in use.
NOTE The base component and/or the curing agent component may be pigmented.
4.3.4.2 Epoxy 2-pack paints
4.3.4.2.1 Base component
The binders in the base component are polymers having epoxy groups, which react with suitable curing
agents.
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved 5
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SIST EN ISO 12944-5:2009
ISO 12944-5:2007(E)
Typical binders are:
⎯ epoxy;
⎯ epoxy vinyl/epoxy acrylic;
⎯ epoxy combinations (e.g. epoxy hydrocarbon resins);
Formulations can be solvent-borne, water-borne or solvent-free.
Most epoxy coatings chalk when exposed to sunlight. If colour or gloss retention is required, the topcoat
should be an aliphatic polyurethane (see 4.3.4.3) or a suitable physically drying type (see 4.2) or water-borne
(see 4.3.3).
4.3.4.2.2 Curing agent component
Polyaminoamines (polyamines), polyaminoamides (polyamides) or adducts of these are most commonly used.
Polyamides are more suitable for primers because of their good wetting properties. Polyamine-cured coatings
are generally more resistant to chemicals.
The drying time will depend, amongst other things, on air movement and on the temperature. The curing
reaction can take place down to + 5 °C, and lower for specialist products.
4.3.4.3 Polyurethane 2-pack paints
4.3.4.3.1 Base component
The binders are polymers with free hydroxyl groups which react with suitable isocyanate curing agents.
Typical binders are:
⎯ polyester;
⎯ acrylic;
⎯ epoxy;
⎯ polyether;
⎯ fluoro resin;
⎯ polyurethane combinations (e.g. polyurethane hydrocarbon resins) (PURC).
4.3.4.3.2 Curing agent component
Aromatic or aliphatic polyisocyanates are most commonly used.
Aliphatic-polyisocyanate-cured products (PUR, aliphatic) have excellent gloss-retention and colour-retention
properties if combined with a suitable base component.
Aromatic-polyisocyanate-cured products (PUR, aromatic) give faster curing but are much less suitable for
exterior exposure because they tend to chalk and discolour more rapidly.
The drying time will depend, among other things, on air movement and temperature. The curing reaction can
take place down to 0 °C, or lower, but the relative humidity should be kept within the paint manufacturer's
recommended range to ensure coatings are free from bubbles and/or pinholes.
6 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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...
SLOVENSKI oSIST prEN ISO 12944-5:2005
PREDSTANDARD
november 2005
Paints and varnishes – Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint
systems – Part 5: Protective paint systems (ISO/DIS 12944-5:2005)
ICS 87.020; 91.080.10 Referenčna številka
oSIST prEN ISO 12944-5:2005(en)
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 12944-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2005
ICS Will supersede EN ISO 12944-5:1998
English Version
Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures
by protective paint systems - Part 5: Protective paint systems
(ISO/DIS 12944-5:2005)
Peintures et vernis - Anticorrosion des structures en acier Beschichtungsstoffe - Korrosionsschutz von Stahlbauten
par systèmes de peinture - Partie 5: Systèmes de peinture durch Beschichtungssysteme - Teil 5:
(ISO/DIS 12944-5:2005) Beschichtungssysteme (ISO/DIS 12944-5:2005)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 139.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
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© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 12944-5:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN ISO 12944-5:2005 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 12944-5:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC
35 "Paints and varnishes" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 "Paints and
varnishes", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN ISO 12944-5:1998.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 12944-5:2005 has been approved by CEN as prEN ISO 12944-5:2005 without
any modifications.
2
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 12944-5
ISO/TC 35/SC 14 Secretariat: SN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2005-09-08 2006-02-08
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures
by protective paint systems —
Part 5:
Protective paint systems
Peintures et vernis — Anticorrosion des structures en acier par systèmes de peinture —
Partie 5: Systèmes de peinture
[Revision of first edition (ISO 12944-5:1998)]
ICS 87.020
ISO/CEN PARALLEL ENQUIRY
The CEN Secretary-General has advised the ISO Secretary-General that this ISO/DIS covers a subject
of interest to European standardization. In accordance with the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as
defined in the Vienna Agreement, consultation on this ISO/DIS has the same effect for CEN
members as would a CEN enquiry on a draft European Standard. Should this draft be accepted, a
final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month FDIS
vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
In accordance with the provisions of Council Resolution 15/1993 this document is circulated in
the English language only.
Conformément aux dispositions de la Résolution du Conseil 15/1993, ce document est distribué
en version anglaise seulement.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at publication
stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
© International Organization for Standardization, 2005
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
Contents Page
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Types of paint.7
4.1 Reversible coatings.8
4.2 Irreversible coatings.8
4.3 General properties of different generic types of paint .11
5 Paint systems.11
5.1 Classification of environments and surfaces to be painted .11
5.2 Type of primer.12
5.3 Low-VOC paint systems.12
5.4 Dry film thickness.12
5.5 Durability .13
5.6 Shop and site application .14
6 Tables for protective paint systems .14
6.1 Reading tables for paint systems .14
6.2 Footnotes in tables.15
6.3 Parameters influencing durability.15
6.4 Designation of listed paint systems .15
6.5 Guidelines for selecting the appropriate paint system.15
Annex A (informative) Paint systems .17
Annex B (informative) Prefabrication primers.25
Annex C (informative) General properties .28
Annex D (informative) Volatile organic compounds (VOCs).29
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for whom a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electro technical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electro technical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
ISO 12944-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 14,
Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12944-5:1998), which has been technically revised.
The revision includes a reduction in the number of paint systems and in the number of tables. These changes have
also brought about some changes in the numbering of the systems in the tables.
ISO 12944 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of
steel structures by protective paint systems:
¾ Part 1: General introduction
¾ Part 2: Classification of environments
¾ Part 3: Design considerations
¾ Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation
¾ Part 5: Protective paint systems
¾ Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods
¾ Part 7: Execution and supervision of paint work
¾ Part 8: Development of specifications for new work and maintenance
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
Introduction
Unprotected steel in the atmosphere, in water and in soil is subjected to corrosion that may lead to damage.
Therefore, to avoid corrosion damage, steel structures are normally protected to withstand the corrosion stresses
during the required service life of the structure.
There are different ways of protecting steel structures from corrosion. ISO 12944 deals with protection by paint
systems and covers, in the various parts, all features that are important in achieving adequate corrosion protection.
Additional or other measures are possible but require particular agreement between the interested parties.
In order to ensure effective corrosion protection of steel structures, it is necessary for owners of such structures,
planners, consultants, companies carrying out corrosion protection work, inspectors of protective coatings and
manufacturers of coating materials to have at their disposal state-of-the-art information in concise form on corrosion
protection by paint systems. Such information has to be as complete as possible, unambiguous and easily
understandable to avoid difficulties and misunderstandings between the parties concerned with the practical
implementation of protection work.
This International Standard - ISO 12944 - is intended to give this information in the form of a series of instructions.
It is written for those who have some technical knowledge. It is also assumed that the user of ISO 12944 is familiar
with other relevant International Standards; in particular those dealing with surface preparation, as well as relevant
national regulations.
Although ISO 12944 does not deal with financial and contractual questions, attention is drawn to the fact that,
because of the considerable implications of inadequate corrosion protection, non-compliance with requirements
and recommendations given in this standard may result in serious financial consequences.
ISO 12944-1 defines the overall scope of all parts of ISO 12944. It gives some basic terms and definitions and a
general introduction to the other parts of ISO 12944. Furthermore, it includes a general statement on health, safety
and environmental protection, and guidelines for using ISO 12944 for a given project.
This part of ISO 12944 gives some terms and definitions related to paint systems in combination with guidance for
the selection of different types of protective paint system.
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by
protective paint systems — Part 5: Protective paint systems
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12944 describes the types of paint and paint system commonly used for corrosion protection of steel
structures. It also provides guidance for the selection of paint systems available for different environments (see
ISO 12944-2), surface preparation grades (see ISO 12944-4) and durability grade to be expected (see ISO 12944-1).
The durability of paint systems is classified in terms of low, medium and high.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of
ISO 12944. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and
parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12944 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid
International Standards.
ISO 2808:1997 Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness.
ISO 3549:1995 Zinc dust pigments for paints - Specifications and test methods.
ISO 4628-1:2003 Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and
size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 1: General
introduction and designation system.
ISO 4628-2:2003 Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and
size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 2: Assessment of
degree of blistering.
ISO 4628-3:2003 Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and
size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 3: Assessment of
degree of rusting.
ISO 4628-4:2003 Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and
size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 4: Assessment of
degree of cracking.
ISO 4628-5:2003 Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and
size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 5: Assessment of
degree of flaking.
ISO 4628-6:1990 Paints and varnishes -- Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings -- Designation of quantity
and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance -- Part 6: Assessment
of degree of chalking by tape method.
ISO 8501-1:1988 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated
steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings.
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
ISO 8501-3:2001 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products -- Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness -- Part 3: Preparation grades of welds, cut edges and other
areas with surface imperfections.
ISO 12944-1:1998 Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems -
Part 1: General introduction.
ISO 12944-2:1998 Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paints systems -
Part 2: Classification of environments.
ISO 12944-4:1998 Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems -
Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation.
ISO 12944-6:1998 Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems -
Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods.
ISO 19840:2004 Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems -
Measurement of, and acceptance criteria for, the dry film thickness on rough surfaces
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 12944, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12944-1 and the following apply.
3.1
high-build
property of a coating material, which permits the application of a coat of greater thickness than usually considered as
normal for that type of coating.
NOTE For the purposes of this part of ISO 12944, this means ³80 μm dry film thickness.
3.2
high-solids
paint materials with volume solids greater than normal.
3.3
compatibility
(I) of products in a paint system:
ability of two or more products to be used together successfully as a paint system without causing undesirable effects
(II) of a product with the substrate:
ability of a product to be applied to a substrate without causing undesirable effects.
3.4
priming coat(s)
first coat(s) of a paint system obtained by application of primers.
NOTE Priming coats provide good adhesion to sufficiently roughened, cleaned metal and/or cleaned old coating, ensuring
a sound base for and offering adhesion to the subsequent coats. They normally also provide corrosion protection during the over
coating interval and the whole service life of the paint system.
3.5
intermediate coat(s)
coat(s) between priming and topcoat(s).
NOTE In the English language, the term "undercoat" is sometimes used synonymously, normally for a coat applied directly
before the topcoat(s).
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
3.6
topcoat(s)
last coat(s) of a paint system, designed to protect the coats beneath from the environment, to contribute to the overall
corrosion protection offered by the system and to give the requisite colour.
3.7
tie coat
coat designed to improve intercoat adhesion and/or avoid certain defects during application.
3.8
stripe coat
supplementary coat applied to ensure uniform coverage of critical and difficult to coat areas such as edges, welds etc.
3.9
dry film thickness (DFT)
thickness of a coating remaining on the surface when the coating has hardened.
3.10
nominal dry film thickness (NDFT)
dry film thickness specified for each coat or for the whole paint system.
3.11
maximum dry film thickness
highest acceptable dry film thickness above which the performance of the paint or the paint system may be impaired
3.12
primer
paint that has been formulated for use as a priming coat on prepared surfaces, commonly under subsequent coats.
3.13
pre-fabrication primer
fast-drying paint that is applied to blast-cleaned steel to provide temporary protection during fabrication while still
allowing welding and cutting.
NOTE In many languages, the term pre-fabrication primer does not have the same meaning as in English.
3.14
pot life
maximum time, at any particular temperature, during which a coating material supplied as separate components can
be used after they have been mixed together.
3.15
shelf life
period from the date of manufacture during which the paint can be transported and stored in undamaged and
unopened packing without any influence on the application or performance providing the ambient conditions is within
those recommended by the paint manufacturer.
NOTE After this period the paint is subject to re-inspection. Water-borne products must be protected from freezing at all
times during transportation and storage.
3.16
volatile organic compound (VOC)
any organic liquid and/or solid that evaporates spontaneously at the prevailing temperature and pressure of the
atmosphere with which it is in contact
4 Types of paint
For the protection of steel structures against corrosion many paint systems are widely used.
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
Based on the corrosivity category, various examples of anti-corrosive paint systems are given, in relation to the
expected durability, in the tables in informative Annex A. The systems have been included because of their proven
track record, but the list is NOT intended to be exhaustive and other similar systems are also available.
In addition, new technologies are continually being developed, often driven by government legislation, and these
should always be considered where appropriate and where performance has been validated by:
1) the track record of such technologies, and/or
2) the results of testing at least in accordance with ISO 12944-6
NOTE The information given hereafter concerns only the chemical and physical properties of paints and not the way they are
used. The limits given for drying and curing temperatures are only indicative. Variations can be expected for each type of paint
depending on its formulation.
For purposes of application paints can be classified as solvent-borne, water-borne or solvent-free. They are first
divided into two main categories according to the manner in which they dry and cure, (4.1 and 4.2) and then sub-
divided (4.2.1 etc) by generic type and mechanism of cure.
NOTE The main physical and mechanical properties are summarised in informative Annex C.
4.1 Reversible coatings
The film dries by solvent evaporation with no other change of form i.e. the process is reversible and the film can be
redissolved in the original solvent at any time.
Examples of these types of binder are:
1) chlorinated or acrylated rubber
2) vinyl chloride copolymers (also known as PVC)
3) acrylic polymers
The drying time will depend, among other things, on air movement and temperature. Drying can take place down to
0 °C, although at low temperatures it is much slower.
4.2 Irreversible coatings
The film dries initially by solvent evaporation (where a solvent is present) followed by a chemical reaction or by
coalescence (water-borne paints). The process is irreversible, and the film cannot be redissolved in the original
solvent or, in the case of a solvent free coating, in a solvent typically used with that generic type of paint.
4.2.1 Air-drying paints (oxidative curing)
In these paints the film hardens by evaporation of organic solvent or water, followed by reaction of the binder with
oxygen from the atmosphere.
Typical binders are:
¾ alkyd
¾ urethane alkyd
¾ epoxy ester
The drying time will depend, among other things, on the temperature. The reaction with oxygen can take place down
to 0 °C, although at low temperatures it is much slower.
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
4.2.2 Water-borne paints (single pack)
In these paints the binder is dispersed in water.
The film hardens by evaporation of water and coalescence of the dispersed binder to form a film.
The process is irreversible; i.e. this type of coating is not re-dispersible in water after drying.
Typical binders, dispersed in water, are:
¾ acrylic polymers;
¾ vinyl polymers;
¾ polyurethane resins.
The drying time will depend, among other things, on air movement, relative humidity and temperature. Drying can
take place down to +3 °C, although at low temperatures it is much slower. High humidity (greater than 80 % RH) also
impedes the drying process
4.2.3 Chemically-curing paints
In general, this type of paint consists of a base component and a curing agent component.
The paint film dries by evaporation of solvents, if present, and cures by a chemical reaction between the base and
the curing agent component. The mixture of base and curing agent has a limited pot life (see 3.14).
The types given below are commonly in use.
NOTE Either the base component and/or the curing agent component may be pigmented.
4.2.3.1 Epoxy 2-pack paints
Base component
The binders in the base component are polymers having epoxy groups, which react with suitable curing agents.
Typical binders are:
¾ epoxy;
¾ epoxy vinyl/epoxy acrylic;
¾ epoxy combinations (e.g. epoxy hydrocarbon resins).
Formulations can be solvent-borne (SB), water-borne (WB) or solvent-free (SF).
Most epoxy coatings chalk when exposed to sunlight. If colour or gloss retention is required, the topcoat should be
aliphatic polyurethane (4.2.3.2) or a suitable physically drying type (4.1) or water-borne (4.2.2).
Curing agent component
Polyaminoamines (polyamines), Polyaminoamines (polyamides) or adducts of these are most commonly used.
Polyamides are more suitable for primers because of their good wetting properties. Polyamines lead to coatings
which are generally more resistant to chemicals.
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ISO/DIS 12944-5
The drying time will depend amongst other things on air movement and on the temperature. The curing reaction can
take place down to +5 °C, and lower for specialist products.
NOTE Either the base component or the curing agent component may be pigmented.
4.2.3.2 Polyurethane 2-pack paints
Base component
The binders are polymers with free hydroxyl groups which react with suitable isocyanate curing agents.
Typical binders are:
¾ polyester;
¾ acrylic;
¾ epoxy;
¾ polyether;
¾ fluoro resin;
¾ polyurethane hydrocarbon resins
Curing agent component
Aromatic or aliphatic polyisocyanate are most commonly used. Formulations can be solvent-borne, solvent-free or
water-borne.
Aliphatic polyisocyanate-cured products (PUR, aliphatic) have excellent gloss-retention and colour-retention
properties if combined with a suitable base component.
Aromatic polyisocyanate-cured products (PUR, aromatic) give faster curing but are much less suitable for exterior
exposure, because they tend to chalk and discolour more rapidly.
The drying time will depend, among other things, on air movement and temperature.
...
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