SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
Graphic technology - Prepress digital data exchange - Part 2: Advanced colour targets for input scanner calibration
Graphic technology - Prepress digital data exchange - Part 2: Advanced colour targets for input scanner calibration
This document defines a framework for advanced reflective and transmissive layouts and colorimetric values of targets for use in the calibration and characterization of image capturing devices. This document defines a framework for target creation and data reporting. This framework can be used for both ISO defined and custom targets for both reflective and transmissive use. Self-emissive targets are not covered by this document.
Technologie graphique - Échange de données numériques de préimpression - Partie 2: Titre manque
Grafična tehnologija - Izmenjava digitalnih podatkov v grafični pripravi - 2. del: Napredne barvne tablice za umerjanje skenerjev
Ta dokument določa okvir za napredne odsevne in oddajne postavitve ter vrednosti barvnih tablic za uporabo pri umerjanju in karakterizaciji naprav za zajem slike. Ta dokument določa okvir za ustvarjanje tablic in poročanje o podatkih. Ta okvir je mogoče uporabiti tako za tablice ISO kot tiste po meri, tako za odbojno kot oddajno uporabo. V tem dokumentu niso zajete samooddajne tablice
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
01-marec-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST ISO 12641:2002
Grafična tehnologija - Izmenjava digitalnih podatkov v grafični pripravi - 2. del:
Napredne barvne tablice za umerjanje skenerjev
Graphic technology - Prepress digital data exchange - Part 2: Advanced colour targets
for input scanner calibration
Technologie graphique - Échange de données numériques de préimpression - Partie 2:
Titre manque
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 12641-2:2019
ICS:
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
37.100.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
grafično tehnologijo graphic technology
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12641-2
First edition
2019-12
Graphic technology — Prepress digital
data exchange —
Part 2:
Advanced colour targets for input
scanner calibration
Reference number
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Technical requirements . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Target design . 3
4.3 Target layout and physical characteristics . 3
4.4 Tolerances on patch values . 4
4.4.1 Batch targets . 4
4.4.2 Calibrated targets . 4
4.5 Spectral measurement and colorimetric calculation . 4
4.6 Data reporting . 4
4.7 Data file format . 4
4.8 Usable target life . 4
Annex A (informative) Example of advanced transmission targets — Layout and physical
characteristics . 5
Annex B (informative) Example of advanced reflection targets — Layout and physical
characteristics .10
Annex C (informative) CxF/X file format — Data file format .15
Bibliography .18
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
This first edition, together with ISO 12641-1:2016, cancels and replaces ISO 12641:1997, which has been
technically revised.
A list of all parts in the ISO 12641 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Introduction
More than 1 000 000 targets, both transmissive and reflective, have been produced based on ISO 12641
and used in the past decades for calibrating scanners.
Based on the demands for higher quality from scientific institutions, museums, art and cultural heritage
archives, and special public administration applications for ID-documents, a need was recognized to
achieve a better scanner colour characterization. Very dark patches (chromatic and achromatic) are
nearly unrepresented by the target layout of ISO 12641-1. Advanced target designs require more patches
for an enhanced sampling of saturated and pastel colours (especially for archiving applications). They
offer chances for improving the analysis of non-linear scanner performance. Such modern or advanced
targets however could not be based on any ISO standard, which results in a lack of standardization.
In order to keep consistency and compatibility with the existing legacy targets, ISO 12641 was made
as a multipart standard where ISO 12641-1 remains unchanged from the 1997 edition and the new
ISO 12641- 2 specifies the requirements for advanced targets.
The discussion revealed that a new standard should also provide a flexible framework for new targets
to come. Combining this with the need to reflect modern available targets, this document provides
general requirements in the main part and provides exemplary transmissive and reflective targets in
the informative Annexes A and B, respectively. Self-emissive targets are covered by this document if
they are designed to simulate the targets using transmission of light through an optical filter.
Traditionally, data has been provided in ACSII format using a keyword file. This document however
requires the usage of the modern exchange format CxF/X-2.
Traditionally, ISO 12641-1 has been aimed at the colour characterization of input scanning devices.
This document continues that tradition but also provides the framework for targets for other input
processes such as digital cameras or for quality assurance applications.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange —
Part 2:
Advanced colour targets for input scanner calibration
1 Scope
This document defines a framework for advanced reflective and transmissive layouts and colorimetric
values of targets for use in the calibration and characterization of image capturing devices.
This document defines a framework for target creation and data reporting. This framework can be used
for both ISO defined and custom targets for both reflective and transmissive use.
Self-emissive targets are not covered by this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12637-1, Graphic technology — Vocabulary — Part 1: Fundamental terms
ISO 13655:2017, Graphic technology — Spectral measurement and colorimetric computation for graphic
arts images
ISO 17972-2, Graphic technology — Colour data exchange format (CxF/X) — Part 2: Scanner target data
(CxF/X-2)
ISO 17972-3, Graphic technology — Colour data exchange format (CxF/X) — Part 3: Output target data
(CxF/X-3)
ISO 28178, Graphic technology — Exchange format for colour and process control data using XML or
ASCII text
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12637-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
CIE tristimulus value
amount of the three reference colour stimuli, in the CIE-specified trichromatic system, required to
match the colour of the stimulus considered
Note 1 to entry: In the 1931 CIE standard colorimetric system, the tristimulus values are represented by the
symbols X, Y, Z.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
3.2
CIELAB colour space
three-dimensional, approximately uniform, colour space produced by plotting in rectangular
coordinates the quantities L*, a* and b*
Note 1 to entry: Refer to ISO 13655:2017 for the description of how to compute CIELAB.
3.3
colour gamut
subset of perceivable colours reproducible by a device or medium
3.4
maximum density
Dmax
density corresponding to the minimum transmittance or reflectance factor (3.9) that a photographic
product can achieve
3.5
maximum neutral density
density corresponding to the maximum density (3.4) that a photographic product can achieve [minimum
transmittance or reflectance factors (3.9)] and maintain a C*ab = 0
3.6
minimum density
Dmin
density corresponding to the maximum transmittance factor (3.10) (film) or reflectance factor (3.9)
(paper) that a photographic product can achieve
3.7
minimum neutral density
minimum density (3.6) that a photographic product can achieve [maximum transmittance or reflectance
factors (3.9)] and maintain a C*ab = 0
3.8
proof print
proof prints possible as hard-copy proof and proofs produced as a reflection copy on a proofing
substrate
3.9
reflectance factor
ratio of the measured flux reflected from the specimen to the flux reflected from a perfect reflecting
diffuser
3.10
transmittance factor
ratio of the measured flux transmitted by the sample material to the measured flux when the specimen
is removed from the sampling aperture of the measuring device
3.11
sampled colour area
portions of the test target whose content is specified
3.12
x-y scanner
dual axis electronic device that generates a two-dimensional representation of a photographic (or other
hardcopy) sample
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General
All colorimetry referenced within this document should be based on D50 illuminant, CIE 1931 Standard
Colorimetric Observer (2-degree observer) as defined in ISO 13655.
For all target values measured, the device measurement mode should be recorded with the
corresponding reference file by the target manufacturer.
4.2 Target design
Each target should be a shape that matches the scanner requirements. For x-y scanners, the target shall
be rectangular and planar. A target is designed of a mandatory section called main body or sampled
colour area, an identification section and additional sections that can be used optionally by vendors.
4.3 Target layout and physical characteristics
Targets should be produced on a single substrate material, though some custom targets might choose
to combine two or more substrates to achieve the gamut of colour needed to characterize the scanner. A
code for the substrate used shall be added to the material tag. The main body (sampled colour area) of
advanced target layouts shall meet the following parameters:
a) Each patch shall be rectangular and uniform and the minimum amount of patches should be
greater than 288. The patches shall be structured by means of rows and columns, see Annex A for
transmission examples, and Annex B for reflection examples.
b) Fiducial marks and indicator definitions used for section separation may be used at the intersection
of target patches. These may be points, crosses, or other symbols, and may be of any density or
colour desired. No other marking lines shall be included within the body of the target. They should
be included in each corner of the main body of the target and if present shall be arranged that they
“point” towards the inside or centre of the target. Fiducial marks shall be clear lines on the neutral
background.
c) The minimum patch size shall be 2 mm × 2 mm.
d) The target material used should be consistent with the production material to be characterized.
e) Non-patch areas shall be neutral and should have a maximum CIELAB C* = 3,5 and a lightness (L*)
of 50 with ∆E* < 3.
ab
f) The non-image area should extend at least 1 mm beyond the image (patches).
g) The identification section shall be placed at the bottom of the target and provide the following
information:
— ISO 12641-2 advanced target;
— materials used (film product, paper product, alternate materials, paint, dyes, etc.), see 4.2. If
detailed information is too verbose to fit on the bottom of the target, it shall be provided in the
form of additional accompanying documentation or URL;
— the year and month of production of the target in the form yyyy:mm;
— an area for addition of a unique identification. As an example, it can comprise additional
information such as bar codes.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
4.4 Tolerances on patch values
4.4.1 Batch targets
Batch targets are more than 2 targets, with only one averaged reference file.
95 % of all patches of the main body section of each target shall be within ΔE = 7 of the aim values
00
specified by the batch target manufacturer.
4.4.1.1 Batch deviation
For batch targets the target manufacturer shall specify the mean colour value for each patch. 99 % of all
patches of the main body section of each target shall be within ΔE = 3,5 of the aim values specified by
00
the target manufacturer. The concrete number shall be reported by the target manufacturer.
4.4.2 Calibrated targets
Calibrated targets are individually measured targets with a corresponding reference file. The measured
values for each patch shall be specified. In addition to the requirements of 4.4.1 the average colour
difference shall be within ΔE ≤ 3 and should be ΔE ≤ 2.
00 00
4.5 Spectral measurement and colorimetric calculation
Measurement of the CIE tristimulus values of the target shall be carried out in accordance with
ISO 13655.
4.6 Data reporting
For batch targets, the batch-specific mean and standard deviation colorimetric data for each patch
shall be available from the originator of targets manufactured in accordance with this document. Mean
and standard deviations shall be computed for X, Y, Z tristimulus values and for L*, a*, b* colour space
coordinates. The 95th percentile of the distribution of colour differences in ΔE units shall be reported
00
as an estimate of the dispersion of the results.
For calibrated targets, the measured colorimetric or spectral data for all target patches shall be
provided. These data shall be reported as either X, Y, Z tristimulus values, to two decimal places or
spectral values in the form of 0 % to 100 %. Measurements shall be in accordance with 4.4.
The data shall be available digitally in the data format specified in 4.7. Other data may be provided as
optional information (e.g. CIELAB, other illuminants, etc.).
4.7 Data file format
The File Format shall be defined as in ISO 17972-2 CxF™ (Colour Exchange Format) or ISO 28178.
Annex C provides a complete mapping of all keywords from ISO 17972. An example of these in a CxF/X-2
of the exemplary targets defined in Annex C. A file is also provided.
If target formatting is communicated it shall use the additional layout parameters provided in
ISO 17972-3.
4.8 Usable target life
The usable life of a target is a function of its exposure to light and the storage conditions used. Each
manufacturer shall provide the monitoring procedure to be used for each target type as part of the
documentation of the target.
4 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12641-2:2020
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Annex A
(informative)
Example of advanced transmission targets — Layout and physical
characteristics
A.1 Type 1, 4" × 5" film
The layout of the Type 1 colour transmission input calibration target as viewed from the support side
of the film should be shown in Figure A.1. This layout is intended for use with film material having a
size of 10,2 cm × 12,7 cm (4" × 5") in accordance with ISO 1012. All non-image areas of the target shou
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12641-2
First edition
2019-12
Graphic technology — Prepress digital
data exchange —
Part 2:
Advanced colour targets for input
scanner calibration
Reference number
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Technical requirements . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Target design . 3
4.3 Target layout and physical characteristics . 3
4.4 Tolerances on patch values . 4
4.4.1 Batch targets . 4
4.4.2 Calibrated targets . 4
4.5 Spectral measurement and colorimetric calculation . 4
4.6 Data reporting . 4
4.7 Data file format . 4
4.8 Usable target life . 4
Annex A (informative) Example of advanced transmission targets — Layout and physical
characteristics . 5
Annex B (informative) Example of advanced reflection targets — Layout and physical
characteristics .10
Annex C (informative) CxF/X file format — Data file format .15
Bibliography .18
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
This first edition, together with ISO 12641-1:2016, cancels and replaces ISO 12641:1997, which has been
technically revised.
A list of all parts in the ISO 12641 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Introduction
More than 1 000 000 targets, both transmissive and reflective, have been produced based on ISO 12641
and used in the past decades for calibrating scanners.
Based on the demands for higher quality from scientific institutions, museums, art and cultural heritage
archives, and special public administration applications for ID-documents, a need was recognized to
achieve a better scanner colour characterization. Very dark patches (chromatic and achromatic) are
nearly unrepresented by the target layout of ISO 12641-1. Advanced target designs require more patches
for an enhanced sampling of saturated and pastel colours (especially for archiving applications). They
offer chances for improving the analysis of non-linear scanner performance. Such modern or advanced
targets however could not be based on any ISO standard, which results in a lack of standardization.
In order to keep consistency and compatibility with the existing legacy targets, ISO 12641 was made
as a multipart standard where ISO 12641-1 remains unchanged from the 1997 edition and the new
ISO 12641- 2 specifies the requirements for advanced targets.
The discussion revealed that a new standard should also provide a flexible framework for new targets
to come. Combining this with the need to reflect modern available targets, this document provides
general requirements in the main part and provides exemplary transmissive and reflective targets in
the informative Annexes A and B, respectively. Self-emissive targets are covered by this document if
they are designed to simulate the targets using transmission of light through an optical filter.
Traditionally, data has been provided in ACSII format using a keyword file. This document however
requires the usage of the modern exchange format CxF/X-2.
Traditionally, ISO 12641-1 has been aimed at the colour characterization of input scanning devices.
This document continues that tradition but also provides the framework for targets for other input
processes such as digital cameras or for quality assurance applications.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange —
Part 2:
Advanced colour targets for input scanner calibration
1 Scope
This document defines a framework for advanced reflective and transmissive layouts and colorimetric
values of targets for use in the calibration and characterization of image capturing devices.
This document defines a framework for target creation and data reporting. This framework can be used
for both ISO defined and custom targets for both reflective and transmissive use.
Self-emissive targets are not covered by this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12637-1, Graphic technology — Vocabulary — Part 1: Fundamental terms
ISO 13655:2017, Graphic technology — Spectral measurement and colorimetric computation for graphic
arts images
ISO 17972-2, Graphic technology — Colour data exchange format (CxF/X) — Part 2: Scanner target data
(CxF/X-2)
ISO 17972-3, Graphic technology — Colour data exchange format (CxF/X) — Part 3: Output target data
(CxF/X-3)
ISO 28178, Graphic technology — Exchange format for colour and process control data using XML or
ASCII text
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12637-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
CIE tristimulus value
amount of the three reference colour stimuli, in the CIE-specified trichromatic system, required to
match the colour of the stimulus considered
Note 1 to entry: In the 1931 CIE standard colorimetric system, the tristimulus values are represented by the
symbols X, Y, Z.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
3.2
CIELAB colour space
three-dimensional, approximately uniform, colour space produced by plotting in rectangular
coordinates the quantities L*, a* and b*
Note 1 to entry: Refer to ISO 13655:2017 for the description of how to compute CIELAB.
3.3
colour gamut
subset of perceivable colours reproducible by a device or medium
3.4
maximum density
Dmax
density corresponding to the minimum transmittance or reflectance factor (3.9) that a photographic
product can achieve
3.5
maximum neutral density
density corresponding to the maximum density (3.4) that a photographic product can achieve [minimum
transmittance or reflectance factors (3.9)] and maintain a C*ab = 0
3.6
minimum density
Dmin
density corresponding to the maximum transmittance factor (3.10) (film) or reflectance factor (3.9)
(paper) that a photographic product can achieve
3.7
minimum neutral density
minimum density (3.6) that a photographic product can achieve [maximum transmittance or reflectance
factors (3.9)] and maintain a C*ab = 0
3.8
proof print
proof prints possible as hard-copy proof and proofs produced as a reflection copy on a proofing
substrate
3.9
reflectance factor
ratio of the measured flux reflected from the specimen to the flux reflected from a perfect reflecting
diffuser
3.10
transmittance factor
ratio of the measured flux transmitted by the sample material to the measured flux when the specimen
is removed from the sampling aperture of the measuring device
3.11
sampled colour area
portions of the test target whose content is specified
3.12
x-y scanner
dual axis electronic device that generates a two-dimensional representation of a photographic (or other
hardcopy) sample
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General
All colorimetry referenced within this document should be based on D50 illuminant, CIE 1931 Standard
Colorimetric Observer (2-degree observer) as defined in ISO 13655.
For all target values measured, the device measurement mode should be recorded with the
corresponding reference file by the target manufacturer.
4.2 Target design
Each target should be a shape that matches the scanner requirements. For x-y scanners, the target shall
be rectangular and planar. A target is designed of a mandatory section called main body or sampled
colour area, an identification section and additional sections that can be used optionally by vendors.
4.3 Target layout and physical characteristics
Targets should be produced on a single substrate material, though some custom targets might choose
to combine two or more substrates to achieve the gamut of colour needed to characterize the scanner. A
code for the substrate used shall be added to the material tag. The main body (sampled colour area) of
advanced target layouts shall meet the following parameters:
a) Each patch shall be rectangular and uniform and the minimum amount of patches should be
greater than 288. The patches shall be structured by means of rows and columns, see Annex A for
transmission examples, and Annex B for reflection examples.
b) Fiducial marks and indicator definitions used for section separation may be used at the intersection
of target patches. These may be points, crosses, or other symbols, and may be of any density or
colour desired. No other marking lines shall be included within the body of the target. They should
be included in each corner of the main body of the target and if present shall be arranged that they
“point” towards the inside or centre of the target. Fiducial marks shall be clear lines on the neutral
background.
c) The minimum patch size shall be 2 mm × 2 mm.
d) The target material used should be consistent with the production material to be characterized.
e) Non-patch areas shall be neutral and should have a maximum CIELAB C* = 3,5 and a lightness (L*)
of 50 with ∆E* < 3.
ab
f) The non-image area should extend at least 1 mm beyond the image (patches).
g) The identification section shall be placed at the bottom of the target and provide the following
information:
— ISO 12641-2 advanced target;
— materials used (film product, paper product, alternate materials, paint, dyes, etc.), see 4.2. If
detailed information is too verbose to fit on the bottom of the target, it shall be provided in the
form of additional accompanying documentation or URL;
— the year and month of production of the target in the form yyyy:mm;
— an area for addition of a unique identification. As an example, it can comprise additional
information such as bar codes.
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ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
4.4 Tolerances on patch values
4.4.1 Batch targets
Batch targets are more than 2 targets, with only one averaged reference file.
95 % of all patches of the main body section of each target shall be within ΔE = 7 of the aim values
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specified by the batch target manufacturer.
4.4.1.1 Batch deviation
For batch targets the target manufacturer shall specify the mean colour value for each patch. 99 % of all
patches of the main body section of each target shall be within ΔE = 3,5 of the aim values specified by
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the target manufacturer. The concrete number shall be reported by the target manufacturer.
4.4.2 Calibrated targets
Calibrated targets are individually measured targets with a corresponding reference file. The measured
values for each patch shall be specified. In addition to the requirements of 4.4.1 the average colour
difference shall be within ΔE ≤ 3 and should be ΔE ≤ 2.
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4.5 Spectral measurement and colorimetric calculation
Measurement of the CIE tristimulus values of the target shall be carried out in accordance with
ISO 13655.
4.6 Data reporting
For batch targets, the batch-specific mean and standard deviation colorimetric data for each patch
shall be available from the originator of targets manufactured in accordance with this document. Mean
and standard deviations shall be computed for X, Y, Z tristimulus values and for L*, a*, b* colour space
coordinates. The 95th percentile of the distribution of colour differences in ΔE units shall be reported
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as an estimate of the dispersion of the results.
For calibrated targets, the measured colorimetric or spectral data for all target patches shall be
provided. These data shall be reported as either X, Y, Z tristimulus values, to two decimal places or
spectral values in the form of 0 % to 100 %. Measurements shall be in accordance with 4.4.
The data shall be available digitally in the data format specified in 4.7. Other data may be provided as
optional information (e.g. CIELAB, other illuminants, etc.).
4.7 Data file format
The File Format shall be defined as in ISO 17972-2 CxF™ (Colour Exchange Format) or ISO 28178.
Annex C provides a complete mapping of all keywords from ISO 17972. An example of these in a CxF/X-2
of the exemplary targets defined in Annex C. A file is also provided.
If target formatting is communicated it shall use the additional layout parameters provided in
ISO 17972-3.
4.8 Usable target life
The usable life of a target is a function of its exposure to light and the storage conditions used. Each
manufacturer shall provide the monitoring procedure to be used for each target type as part of the
documentation of the target.
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ISO 12641-2:2019(E)
Annex A
(informative)
Example of advanced transmission targets — Layout and physical
characteristics
A.1 Type 1, 4" × 5" film
The layout of the Type 1 colour transmission input calibration target as viewed from the support side
of the film should be shown in Figure A.1. This layout is intended for use with film material having a
size of 10,2 cm × 12,7 cm (4" × 5") in accordance with ISO 1012. All non-image areas of the target should
be approximately neutral with a CIELAB C* < 3,5 and should have a lightness of L* = 50 with ΔE < 3.
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The non-image area should extend at least 4,5 mm beyond the row and column borders on the top and
sides at least 10 mm on the bottom to provide for identification information. Indicators may be used at
the intersection of target patches. These may be points, crosses, or other symbols, and may be of any
density or colour desired. If used, they should be less than 0,3 mm in width. No other marking lines
should be included within the body of the A1 through X34 portion of the targe
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