SIST EN IEC 62282-8-102:2020

Fuel cell technologies - Part 8-102: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse mode - Test procedures for the performance of single cells and stacks with proton exchange membranes, including reversible operation (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)

IEC 62282-8-102:2019 deals with PEM cell/stack assembly units, testing systems, instruments and measuring methods, and test methods to test the performance of PEM cells and stacks in fuel cell mode, electrolysis and/or reversible mode.

Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 8-102: Energiespeichersysteme mit Brennstoffzellenmodulen im Umkehrbetrieb – Prüfverfahren zum Leistungsverhalten von Einzelzellen und Stacks mit Protonen-Austausch-Membran, einschließlich Umkehrbetrieb (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)

Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 8-102: Systèmes de stockage de l'énergie utilisant des modules à piles à combustible en mode inversé - Procédures d'essai pour la performance des cellules élémentaires et des piles à membrane échangeuse de protons, comprenant le fonctionnement réversible (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)

IEC 62282-8-102:2019 traite des entités d'assemblage de cellules/piles à membrane échangeuse de protons (PEM – proton exchange membrane), des systèmes d'essai, des instruments et méthodes de mesure, ainsi que des méthodes d'essai destinées à vérifier la performance des cellules et piles à membrane échangeuse de protons en mode pile à combustible, électrolyse et/ou réversible.

Tehnologija gorivnih celic - 8-102. del: Sistemi za shranjevanje energije, ki uporabljajo module gorivnih celic z delovanjem v obrnjeni smeri - Preskusni postopki za delovanje posameznih celic in skladišča protonske izmenjevalne membrane, vključno z obrnjenim delovanjem (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-Mar-2020
• ICS: 27.070 - Fuel cells
• Technical Committee: I09 - Imaginarni 09
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 10-Mar-2020
• Due Date: 15-May-2020
• Completion Date: 13-Mar-2020
• Ref Project: EN IEC 62282-8-102:2020 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 8-102: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse mode - Test procedures for the performance of single cells and stacks with proton exchange membranes, including reversible operation

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2020
Tehnologija gorivnih celic - 8-102. del: Sistemi za shranjevanje energije, ki
uporabljajo module gorivnih celic z delovanjem v obrnjeni smeri - Preskusni
postopki za delovanje posameznih celic in skladišča protonske izmenjevalne
membrane, vključno z obrnjenim delovanjem (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)
Fuel cell technologies - Part 8-102: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in
reverse mode - Test procedures for the performance of single cells and stacks with
proton exchange membranes, including reversible operation (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)
Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 8-102: Energiespeichersysteme mit
Brennstoffzellenmodulen im Umkehrbetrieb – Prüfverfahren zum Leistungsverhalten von
Einzelzellen und Stacks mit Protonen-Austausch-Membran, einschließlich
Umkehrbetrieb (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 8-102: Systèmes de stockage de l'énergie
utilisant des modules à piles à combustible en mode inversé - Procédures d'essai pour la
performance des cellules élémentaires et des piles à membrane échangeuse de protons,
comprenant le fonctionnement réversible (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62282-8:2020
ICS:
27.070 Gorilne celice Fuel cells
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62282-8-102

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2020
ICS 27.070
English Version
Fuel cell technologies - Part 8-102: Energy storage systems
using fuel cell modules in reverse mode - Test procedures for
the performance of single cells and stacks with proton exchange
membranes, including reversible operation
(IEC 62282-8-102:2019)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 8-102: Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 8-102:
Systèmes de stockage de l'énergie utilisant des modules à Energiespeichersysteme mit Brennstoffzellenmodulen im
piles à combustible en mode inversé - Procédures d'essai Umkehrbetrieb - Prüfverfahren zum Leistungsverhalten von
pour la performance des cellules élémentaires et des piles Einzelzellen und Stacks mit Protonen-Austausch-Membran
à membrane échangeuse de protons, comprenant le einschließlich Umkehrbetrieb
fonctionnement réversible (IEC 62282-8-102:2019)
(IEC 62282-8-102:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2020-01-17. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62282-8-102:2020 E

European foreword
The text of document 105/763/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62282-8-102, prepared by IEC/TC 105
"Fuel cell technologies" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC
as EN IEC 62282-8-102:2020.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2020-10-17
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2023-01-17
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62282-8-102:2019 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 62282-8-101 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 62282-8-101
IEC 62282-8-201 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 62282-8-201

To be published. Stage at the time of publication: FprEN IEC 62282-8-101:2019.
To be published. Stage at the time of publication: FprEN IEC 62282-8-201:2019.
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1  Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2  Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-485 2020 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - - -
Part 485: Fuel cell technologies
IEC/TS 62282-7-1 2017 Fuel cell technologies - Part 7-1: Test methods - -
- Single cell performance tests for polymer
electrolyte fuel cells (PEMFC)

IEC 62282-8-102 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 8-102: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse mode –

Test procedures for the performance of single cells and stacks with proton

exchange membranes, including reversible operation

Technologies des piles a combustible –

Partie 8-102: Systèmes de stockage de l'énergie utilisant des modules à

piles à combustible en mode inversé – Procédures d'essai pour la

performance des cellules élémentaires et des piles à membrane

échangeuse de protons, comprenant le fonctionnement réversible

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-7675-4

– 2 – IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions. 8
3.2 Symbols . 13
3.3 Standard temperature and pressure (STP) values for gas temperature and
pressure . 15
4 General safety considerations . 15
5 Test environment . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.2 Reversible PEM cell/stack assembly unit . 17
5.3 Separated reversible PEM cell/stack assembly unit . 17
5.4 Experimental set-up . 17
5.4.1 General . 17
5.4.2 Fluid flow control equipment . 18
5.4.3 Load/power control equipment . 18
5.4.4 Measurement and data acquisition equipment . 18
5.4.5 Safety equipment . 19
5.4.6 Mechanical load control equipment . 19
5.4.7 Heat management equipment . 19
5.4.8 Gas pressure control equipment . 19
5.4.9 Test system control equipment . 19
5.5 Parameter control and measurement . 19
5.6 Measurement methods of TIPs and TOPs and control accuracy . 20
6 Measurement instruments and measurement methods . 20
6.1 Instrument uncertainty . 20
6.2 Recommended measurement instruments and methods . 21
6.2.1 General . 21
6.2.2 Voltage . 21
6.2.3 Current . 21
6.2.4 Internal resistance (IR) . 21
6.2.5 Electrode gas flow rates . 22
6.2.6 Electrode gas temperature . 22
6.2.7 Cell/stack temperature . 23
6.2.8 Electrode gas pressures . 23
6.2.9 Electrode gas humidity . 23
6.2.10 Ambient conditions . 23
6.3 Reference test conditions and manufacturer recommendations . 24
6.3.1 Start-up and shut-down conditions . 24
6.3.2 Range of test conditions . 24
6.3.3 Stabilization, initialization conditions and stable state . 24
6.4 Data acquisition method. 24
7 Test procedures and computation of results . 25
7.1 General . 25

IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019 – 3 –
7.2 Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics test . 25
7.2.1 Objective . 25
7.2.2 Test method . 25
7.2.3 Data post-processing . 25
7.3 Steady-state test . 26
7.3.1 Objective . 26
7.3.2 Test methods . 26
7.3.3 Data post-processing . 26
7.4 Durability test. 26
7.4.1 Objective . 26
7.4.2 Test method . 26
7.4.3 Data post-processing . 26
7.5 Internal resistance (IR) measurement . 27
7.5.1 Objective . 27
7.5.2 Test methods . 27
7.5.3 Data post processing . 28
7.6 Current cycling durability test . 28
7.6.1 Objective . 28
7.6.2 Test method . 28
7.6.3 Data post-processing . 28
7.7 Pressurized test . 29
7.7.1 Objective . 29
7.7.2 Test method . 29
7.7.3 Data post-processing . 29
8 Test report . 29
8.1 General . 29
8.2 Report items . 29
8.3 Test unit data description . 30
8.4 Test condition description . 30
8.5 Test data description . 30
8.6 Uncertainty evaluation . 30
Annex A (normative) Test procedure guidelines . 31
A.1 Test objective . 31
A.2 Test set-up . 31
A.3 Current-voltage characteristics test (7.2) . 31
A.3.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 31
A.3.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 32
A.3.3 Derived quantities . 32
A.4 Steady-state test (7.3) . 33
A.4.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 33
A.4.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 34
A.4.3 Derived quantities . 34
A.5 Durability test (7.4) . 35
A.5.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 35
A.5.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 35
A.5.3 Derived quantities . 36
A.5.4 Measurement of durability. 36
A.6 Current cycling durability test . 37
A.6.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 37

– 4 – IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019
A.6.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 37
A.6.3 Derived quantities . 38
A.6.4 Measurement of current cycling durability . 38
A.7 Pressurized test . 39
A.7.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 39
A.7.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 39
A.7.3 Derived quantities . 39
A.7.4 Measurement of pressurized test . 40
Annex B (normative) Formulary. 41
Bibliography . 42

Figure 1 – Schematic representation of a reversible PEM cell/stack assembly unit . 17
Figure 2 – Schematic representation of a separate reversible PEM cell/stack assembly unit . 17
Figure 3 – Schematic graph of a test environment for a PEM cell/stack assembly unit . 18
Figure 4 – Schematic diagram of PEM cell impedance . 22

Table 1 – Symbols . 14
Table 2 – Instrument uncertainty for each quantity to be measured . 20
Table A.1 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for current-voltage characteristics test . 32
Table A.2 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for current-voltage characteristics test . 32
Table A.3 – Derived quantities for current-voltage characteristics test . 33
Table A.4 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for steady state test . 33
Table A.5 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for steady state test . 34
Table A.6 – Derived quantities for steady state test . 34
Table A.7 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for durability test . 35
Table A.8 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for durability test . 36
Table A.9 – Derived quantities for constant load durability test . 36
Table A.10 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for current cycling durability test within a
single operating mode (fuel cell or electrolysis) . 37
Table A.11 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for current cycling durability test covering
both operating modes (fuel cell and electrolysis) . 37
Table A.12 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for current cycling durability test . 38
Table A.13 – Derived quantities for current cycling durability test. 38
Table A.14 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for pressurized testing . 39
Table A.15 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for pressurized testing . 39
Table A.16 – Derived quantities for pressurized test . 39

IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 8-102: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse
mode – Test procedures for the performance of single cells and stacks
with proton exchange membranes, including reversible operation

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC
Publication(s)"). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-8-102 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/763/FDIS 105/776/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

– 6 – IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019
A list of all parts in the IEC 62282 series, published under the general title Fuel cell
technologies, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 62282 describes test methods for a single cell and stack (denoted as
"cell/stack" hereafter) that are intended for use in energy storage systems that use proton
exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) in combination with proton exchange membrane
water electrolysers (PEMWE), or directly using proton exchange membrane cells (Re-PEM).
This document is intended to be used for data exchanges in commercial transactions between
cell/stack manufacturers and system developers or for acquiring data on a cell or stack in
order to estimate the performance of a system based on it. Users of this document can
selectively execute test items suitable for their purposes from those described in this
document.
PEMFCs, PEMWEs and Re-PEMs have a broad range of geometry and size. As such, in
general, peripherals like current collectors and gas manifolds are unique to each cell or stack
and are often incorporated into a cell or stack to form one integrated unit. In addition, they
tend to have a significant effect on the power generation characteristics of the cell or stack.
This document therefore introduces as its subject "cell/stack assembly unit", which are
defined as those units containing not only a cell or a stack, but also peripherals.
IEC 62282-8 (all parts) aims to develop performance test methods for power storage and
buffering systems based on electrochemical modules (combining electrolysis and fuel cells, in
particular reversible fuel cells), taking into consideration both options of re-electrification and
substance (and heat) production for sustainable integration of renewable energy sources.
Under the general title Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse mode, the
IEC 62282-8 series consists of the following parts:
• IEC 62282-8-101: Test procedures for the performance of solid oxide single cells and
stacks, including reversible operation
• IEC 62282-8-102: Test procedures for the performance of single cells and stacks with
proton exchange membranes, including reversible operation
• IEC 62282-8-103 : Alkaline single cell and stack performance including reversible
operation
• IEC 62282-8-201: Test procedures for the performance of power-to-power systems
• IEC 62282-8-202 : Power-to-power systems – Safety
• IEC 62282-8-300 (all parts) : Power-to-substance systems
As a priority dictated by the emerging needs for industry and opportunities for technological
development, IEC 62282-8-101, IEC 62282-8-102 and IEC 62282-8-201 have been initiated
jointly and as a priority. These parts are presented as a package to highlight the need for an
integrated approach as regards the system application (i.e. a solution for energy storage) and
its fundamental constituent components (i.e. fuel cells operated in reverse or reversing mode).
IEC 62282-8-103, IEC 62282-8-202 and IEC 62282-8-300 (all parts) are suggested but are left
for initiation at a later stage.

____________
Under consideration.
Under consideration.
Under consideration.
– 8 – IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 8-102: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse
mode – Test procedures for the performance of single cells and stacks
with proton exchange membranes, including reversible operation

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62282 deals with PEM cell/stack assembly units, testing systems, instruments
and measuring methods, and test methods to test the performance of PEM cells and stacks in
fuel cell mode, electrolysis and/or reversible mode.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-485:— , International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 485: Fuel cell
technologies
IEC TS 62282-7-1:2017, Fuel cell technologies – Part 7-1: Test methods – Single cell
performance tests for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEMFC)
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-485 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
active electrode area
geometric area of the electrode perpendicular to the direction of the current flow
Note 1 to entry: Usually this corresponds to the smaller of the two areas of negative electrode or positive
electrode.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-02-08, modified – "electrode" added to the term, the term
"effective area" has been deleted, and the notes to entry have been replaced with a new note
to entry.]
____________
Under preparation. Stage at the time of preparation: IEC FDIS 60050-485:2019.

IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019 – 9 –
3.1.2
area-specific resistance
ASR
internal resistivity with respect to the active electrode area, including the change of potential
due to the electrochemical reaction
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.3
catalyst
substance that accelerates (increases the rate of) a reaction without being consumed itself
Note 1 to entry: The catalyst lowers the activation energy of the reaction, allowing for an increase in the reaction
rate.
3.1.4
catalyst-coated membrane
CCM
polymer membrane whose surfaces are coated with a catalyst layer
(3.1.5) to form the reaction zone of the electrode (3.1.8)
Note 1 to entry: See also membrane electrode assembly (MEA) (3.1.17).
Note 2 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-04-03]
3.1.5
catalyst layer
surface porous region adjacent to either side of the membrane containing the catalyst (3.1.3),
typically with ionic and electronic conductivity
Note 1 to entry: The catalyst layer comprises the spatial region where the electrochemical reactions can take
place.
3.1.6
current collector
conductive material in a fuel cell (3.1.13) that collects electrons from the negative electrode
(3.1.20) side or conducts electrons to the positive electrode (3.1.25) side
3.1.7
current density
current per unit active area (IEV 485-02-08)
2 2
Note 1 to entry: Current density is expressed in A/m or A/cm .
3.1.8
electrode
electronic conductor (or semi-conductor) through which an electric current enters or leaves
the electrochemical cell as the result of an electrochemical reaction
Note 1 to entry: An electrode is either a positive electrode (3.1.25) or a negative electrode (3.1.20).
3.1.9
electrolyte
liquid or solid substance containing mobile ions that render it ionically conductive
Note 1 to entry: The electrolyte is the main distinctive feature of the different fuel cell technologies (e.g. a liquid,
polymer, molten salt, solid oxide) and determines the usable operating temperature range.

– 10 – IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019
3.1.10
end plate
component located on either end of the cell stack in the direction of current flow, serving to
transmit the required compression to the stacked cells
Note 1 to entry: The end plate can comprise ports, ducts, and manifolds for the supply of fluids (reactants,
coolant) to the cell stack.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-06-06, modified – The admitted terms have been deleted,
"fuel cell stack" has been replaced by "cell stack in the direction of current flow" in the
definition, and the second sentence of Note 1 to entry has been deleted.]
3.1.11
flow plate
electronically conductive plate which incorporates channels for fuel (3.1.12) or oxidant
(3.1.22) gas flow in fuel cell mode, while for water and gas flow in electrolysis mode and
which comprises an electric contact with an electrode (3.1.8)
Note 1 to entry: The conductive plate material can be metal, a material such as graphite, or a conductive polymer
that can be a carbon-filled composite.
3.1.12
fuel
hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gas that reacts at the negative electrode (3.1.20) in a fuel
cell (3.1.13)
3.1.13
fuel cell
electrochemical device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (3.1.12) and an oxidant
(3.1.22) to electric energy (direct current (DC) power), heat and reaction products
Note 1 to entry: The fuel and oxidant are typically stored outside the fuel cell and transferred into the fuel cell as
they are consumed.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-08-01]
3.1.14
gas diffusion electrode
GDE
type of electrode specifically designed for gaseous reactants or products or both
Note 1 to entry: A gas diffusion electrode usually comprises one or more porous layers, like the gas diffusion
layer (3.1.15) and the catalyst layer (3.1.5).
Note 2 to entry: Gas diffusion electrodes can be negative gas diffusion electrodes and positive gas diffusion
electrodes.
Note 3 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-02-02, modified – The abbreviated term "GDE" has been
added, and "anodes" and "cathodes" have been replaced by "negative … electrodes" and
"positive … electrodes" in Note 2 to entry.]
3.1.15
gas diffusion layer
GDL
porous substrate placed between the catalyst layer (3.1.5) and the flow plate (3.1.11) to serve
as electric contact and allow the access of reactants to the catalyst layer and the removal of
reaction products
Note 1 to entry: The gas diffusion layer is a component of a gas diffusion electrode (3.1.14).

IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019 – 11 –
Note 2 to entry: The gas diffusion layer is also called a porous transport layer (PTL).
Note 3 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-04-05, modified – "Bipolar plate" has been replaced by
"flow plate" in the definition, and Note 2 to entry has been added.]
3.1.16
internal resistance
ohmic resistance inside a fuel cell (3.1.13), measured between current collectors (3.1.6),
caused by the electronic and ionic resistances of the different components (electrodes,
electrolyte, flow plates and current collectors)
Note 1 to entry: The term ohmic refers to the fact that the relation between voltage drop and current is linear and
obeys Ohm’s law.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-15-04]
3.1.17
membrane electrode assembly
MEA
component of a PEMFC (3.1.24) consisting of an electrolyte membrane, electrode and gas
diffusion layer (3.1.15) on either side or a component of a PEMWE (3.1.26) consisting of an
electrolyte membrane with catalyst layers (3.1.5) on either side.
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62282-7-1:2017, 3.19, modified – "or a component of a PEMWE…on either
side" has been added.]
3.1.18
minimum cell voltage
lowest permitted fuel cell voltage specified by the manufacturer
3.1.19
maximum cell voltage
highest electrolyser voltage specified by the manufacturer
3.1.20
negative electrode
electrode (3.1.8) at which hydrogen gas is consumed or produced
Note 1 to entry: It is also called hydrogen electrode. In fuel cell mode it is called the anode, where the hydrogen
is oxidized. In electrolysis mode, it is called the cathode, where water is reduced producing hydrogen.
Note 2 to entry: In fuel cell mode, the negative electrode gas is usually hydrogen or a mixture which contains
hydrogen as a principal component mixed with water vapour and/or inert gas.
3.1.21
open circuit voltage
OCV
voltage across the terminals of a fuel cell (3.1.13) with fuel (3.1.12) and an oxidant (3.1.22)
present and in the absence of external current flow
Note 1 to entry: The open circuit voltage is expressed in V.
Note 2 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-13-02, modified – The term "no-load" voltage has been
deleted.]
– 12 – IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019
3.1.22
oxidant
oxygen or oxygen-containing gas (e.g. air) that reacts at the positive electrode (3.1.25) in fuel
cell mode
3.1.23
polymer electrolyte
polymer material containing mobile ions that render it ironically conductive
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-03-01, modified – In the definition, "liquid or solid
substance" has been replaced by "polymer material".]
3.1.24
proton exchange membrane fuel cell
PEMFC
fuel cell (3.1.13) that employs a polymer with (proton) ionic exchange capability as the
electrolyte (3.1.9)
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:—, 485-08-08, modified – The admitted term "solid polymer fuel
cell" has been deleted, and the term "polymer electrolyte fuel cell" has been deleted.]
3.1.25
positive electrode
electrode (3.1.8) at which oxygen is consumed or produced
Note 1 to entry: It may also be called oxygen electrode. In fuel cell mode it is called cathode where oxygen is
reduced producing water. In the electrolysis mode, it is called anode where oxygen and protons are formed from
water.
3.1.26
proton exchange membrane water electrolyser
PEMWE
electrolyser that employs a polymer with (proton) ionic exchange capability as the electrolyte
(3.1.9)
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.27
power density
ratio of the electric power to the active electrode area (3.1.1) of the cell/stack assembly unit
electrodes
3.1.28
rated current density
maximum current density specified by the manufacturer, at which the cell/stack (3.1.32)
assembly has been designed to operate continuously
3.1.29
reactant utilization
ratio of converted substance flow through a given electrode of the cell/stack assembly unit to
the input substance flow of the same electrode
Note 1 to entry: The three types of reactant utilization are:
• fuel (hydrogen) utilization (negative electrode in PEMFC mode);
• oxygen utilization (positive electrode in PEMFC mode);
• water conversion (positive electrode in PEMWE mode).

IEC 62282-8-102:2019  IEC 2019 – 13 –
Note 2 to entry: In PEMFC mode, the effective reactant utilization can also be calculated as the ratio of actual
output current of the cell/stack assembly unit to the theoretical Faradaic current.
3.1.30
reversible proton exchange membrane cell
RPEMC
Re-PEM
cell composed of three functional elements: negative electrode (3.1.20), proton exchange
membrane electrolyte and positive electrode (3.1.25)
Note 1 to entry: Re-PEM can be used in fuel cell mode (PEMFC) or in electrolysis mode (PEMWE).
Note 2 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
Note 3 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.31
stable state
condition of a cell/stack assembly unit stable enough for any controlling parameter and the
output/input voltage or output/input current of the unit to remain within its tolerance range of
variation
3.1.32
stack
assembly of cells, separators, cooling plates, end plates, manifolds and a supporting structure
that is used as a fuel cell (PEMFC) and/or a water electrolyser (PEMWE)
3.1.33
test input parameter
TIP
parameters whose values can be set in order to define the test conditions of the test system
including the operating conditions of the test object
Note 1 to entry: TIPs have to be controllable and measurable. Values of TIPs are known before conducting the
test. TIPs can be either static or variable. Static TIPs shall remain constant and variable T
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