SIST ISO 12040:1997

Graphic technology -- Prints and printing inks -- Assessment of light fastness using filtered xenon arc light

Technologie graphique -- Impressions et encres d'imprimerie -- Évaluation de la solidité à la lumière au moyen d'une lampe à arc au xénon munie d'un filtre

Grafična tehnologija - Odtisi in tiskarske barve - Ugotavljanje svetlobne obstojnosti s filtrirano svetlobo ksenonske žarnice

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-1997
• ICS: 87.080 - Inks. Printing inks
• Technical Committee: GRT - Graphical technology
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Dec-1997
• Due Date: 01-Dec-1997
• Completion Date: 01-Dec-1997
• Ref Project: ISO 12040:1997 - Graphic technology - Prints and printing inks - Assessment of light fastness using filtered xenon arc light

Overview

ISO 12040:1997 - "Graphic technology - Prints and printing inks - Assessment of light fastness using filtered xenon arc light" - specifies an accelerated method to assess the light fastness of prints and printing inks using a filtered xenon arc lamp that simulates daylight. The standard applies to all print substrates (paper, board, thin metals, plastic films) and all printing processes. It defines required apparatus, exposure conditions, evaluation scales and reporting items for consistent, reproducible testing.

Key topics and requirements

• Test principle: expose the test print and blue wool references together to filtered xenon arc light and compare deterioration.
• Light source: xenon arc lamp with colour temperature 5 500 K to 6 500 K; air- or water-cooled as per manufacturer.
• Filtering: glass filter that absorbs radiation below 310 nm and is ≥90% transparent from 380–700 nm (simulates sunlight behind window glass).
• Reference scale: eight blue wool references (ratings 1–8) representing increasing light fastness; comparison uses the blue wool reference that changes similarly to the test piece.
• Colour change assessment: use the ISO grey scale (ISO 105-A02) - a “distinct change” is equal to or less than grade 3. Dual ratings (e.g., 6-7) allowed between adjacent references (not below rating 5); append “N” if the sample darkens.
• Temperature control: measure sample temperature with a Black-Panel Thermometer (metal plate ≥45 × 100 mm); samples must not exceed 45 °C.
• Exposure procedure: includes recommended successive covering technique to assess prints with different fastness levels in a single run.
• Inks: inks are tested on standardized prints prepared per ISO 2834 and evaluated as prints.
• Test report: must reference ISO 12040, give light-fastness rating, test conditions (temperature/humidity), instrument model, any light-dark cycling, and whether substrate fastness was tested.

Applications and users

Practical uses:

• Quality control and R&D for ink manufacturers, commercial printers, and packaging printers.
• Color durability testing for publishers, labels, and outdoor/indoor printed material where simulated sunlight exposure is needed.
• Conservation, testing laboratories, and specification writers who require standardized accelerated lightfastness data.

Who benefits:

• QA managers, laboratory technicians, product developers, print buyers, and standards/specification authors.

Related standards

• ISO 105-B02 (Textiles - fading lamp test; xenon arc)
• ISO 105-A02 (Grey scale for assessing change in colour)
• ISO 2834 (Preparation of standardized prints)
• ISO 3664 (Viewing conditions for colour assessment)

Keywords: ISO 12040:1997, light fastness, filtered xenon arc, blue wool references, graphic technology, prints, printing inks, accelerated lightfastness test.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-1997
*UDILþQDWHKQRORJLMD2GWLVLLQWLVNDUVNHEDUYH8JRWDYOMDQMHVYHWOREQH
REVWRMQRVWLVILOWULUDQRVYHWORERNVHQRQVNHåDUQLFH
Graphic technology -- Prints and printing inks -- Assessment of light fastness using
filtered xenon arc light
Technologie graphique -- Impressions et encres d'imprimerie -- Évaluation de la solidité
à la lumière au moyen d'une lampe à arc au xénon munie d'un filtre
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 12040:1997
ICS:
87.080 Barvila. Tiskarske barve Inks. Printing inks
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
First edition
1997-03-O 1
Graphic technology - Prints and printing
inks - Assessment of light fastness using
filtered xenon arc light
Technologie graphique - Impressions et encres d’imprimerie -
i‘valuation de la solidit A la /urn&e au moyen d’une lampe a arc au x&on
munie d’un filtre
Reference number
IS0 12040:1997(E)
IS0 12040:1997(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 12040 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
0 IS0 1997
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Internet central @ iso.ch
x.400
c=ch; a=400net; p=iso; o=isocs; s=central
Printed in Switzerland
ii
@ IS0 IS0 12040:1997(E)
Introduction
The method for evaluating light fastness described in this International
Standard using blue wool references is in technical conformity with the
method given in IS0 2835. However, according to the latter, natural
daylight shall be used to obtain a valid assessment of light fastness. This
International Standard describes an accelerated test method by specifying
the light source and filters for daylight simulation as well as exposure of the
test samples to artificial daylight.
In addition, this International Standard is partly in agreement with
IS0 105B02. For more information on apparatus and test methods,
IS0 105802 is recommended as a reference.
. . .
III
This page intentionally left blank

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 IS0 IS0 12040: 1997(E)
Graphic technology - Prints and printing inks -
Assessment of light fastness using filtered xenon arc light
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for assessing the light fastness of prints and printing inks, by giving
- the general test requirements for prints;
- the special test requirements for inks.
This International Standard applies to all print substrates such as paper, board, metals (thin metal sheets and plate)
and plastic films and to all printing processes
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
IS0 105-A02:1993, Textiles - Tests for co/our fastness - Pat? A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour.
Part B02: Co/our fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc
IS0 105-B02:1994, Texti/es - Tests for co/our fastness -
fading lamp test.
IS0 2834:1981, Printing inks - Preparation of standardized prints for determination of resistance to physical and
chemical agents.
IS0 3664: 1975, Photography - Numina tion conditions for viewing colour transparencies and their reproductions.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
3.1 light fastness of prints to filtered xenon arc light: Resistance of the print to the effi ects of a fixed light
source (filtered xenon arc light) without direct influence from the weather.
3.2 light fastness of a printing ink: Resistance of a standard print assessed in accordance with the instructions
given in this International Standard relating to prints.

0 IS0
IS0 12040: 1997(E)
4 Test methods
4.1 Principle
A test piece together with blue wool references is exposed to xenon arc light under specified conditions at the same
time.
Light fastness is evaluated by noting on the scale of blue wool references the rating of that reference which has
undergone a change similar to that of the test print.
4.2 Apparatus and materialsI)
4.2.1 Xenon arc lamp apparatus
The instrument chosen may be either air cooled or water cooled and shall be used as indicated by the manufacturer.
4.2.2 Blue wool references
The light fastness of prints is estimated by comparison with a standard range of eight blue dyes on wool cloth, their
degree of light fastness being in regular steps. These dyes are largely unaffected by variation in temperature and
humidity, and constitute an acceptable scale for the determination of the light fastness of all types of prints,
whatever their colour, type and intensity.
The light fastness of prints is expressed as the number corresponding to one of the ei
...

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
First edition
1997-03-O 1
Graphic technology - Prints and printing
inks - Assessment of light fastness using
filtered xenon arc light
Technologie graphique - Impressions et encres d’imprimerie -
i‘valuation de la solidit A la /urn&e au moyen d’une lampe a arc au x&on
munie d’un filtre
Reference number
IS0 12040:1997(E)
IS0 12040:1997(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 12040 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
0 IS0 1997
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Internet central @ iso.ch
x.400
c=ch; a=400net; p=iso; o=isocs; s=central
Printed in Switzerland
ii
@ IS0 IS0 12040:1997(E)
Introduction
The method for evaluating light fastness described in this International
Standard using blue wool references is in technical conformity with the
method given in IS0 2835. However, according to the latter, natural
daylight shall be used to obtain a valid assessment of light fastness. This
International Standard describes an accelerated test method by specifying
the light source and filters for daylight simulation as well as exposure of the
test samples to artificial daylight.
In addition, this International Standard is partly in agreement with
IS0 105B02. For more information on apparatus and test methods,
IS0 105802 is recommended as a reference.
. . .
III
This page intentionally left blank

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 IS0 IS0 12040: 1997(E)
Graphic technology - Prints and printing inks -
Assessment of light fastness using filtered xenon arc light
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for assessing the light fastness of prints and printing inks, by giving
- the general test requirements for prints;
- the special test requirements for inks.
This International Standard applies to all print substrates such as paper, board, metals (thin metal sheets and plate)
and plastic films and to all printing processes
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
IS0 105-A02:1993, Textiles - Tests for co/our fastness - Pat? A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour.
Part B02: Co/our fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc
IS0 105-B02:1994, Texti/es - Tests for co/our fastness -
fading lamp test.
IS0 2834:1981, Printing inks - Preparation of standardized prints for determination of resistance to physical and
chemical agents.
IS0 3664: 1975, Photography - Numina tion conditions for viewing colour transparencies and their reproductions.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
3.1 light fastness of prints to filtered xenon arc light: Resistance of the print to the effi ects of a fixed light
source (filtered xenon arc light) without direct influence from the weather.
3.2 light fastness of a printing ink: Resistance of a standard print assessed in accordance with the instructions
given in this International Standard relating to prints.

0 IS0
IS0 12040: 1997(E)
4 Test methods
4.1 Principle
A test piece together with blue wool references is exposed to xenon arc light under specified conditions at the same
time.
Light fastness is evaluated by noting on the scale of blue wool references the rating of that reference which has
undergone a change similar to that of the test print.
4.2 Apparatus and materialsI)
4.2.1 Xenon arc lamp apparatus
The instrument chosen may be either air cooled or water cooled and shall be used as indicated by the manufacturer.
4.2.2 Blue wool references
The light fastness of prints is estimated by comparison with a standard range of eight blue dyes on wool cloth, their
degree of light fastness being in regular steps. These dyes are largely unaffected by variation in temperature and
humidity, and constitute an acceptable scale for the determination of the light fastness of all types of prints,
whatever their colour, type and intensity.
The light fastness of prints is expressed as the number corresponding to one of the eight blue wool references. The
range “1” denotes the lowest degree of light fastness and “8” the highest.
The eight ranges are as follows:
5 Good
1 Very poor
2 Poor 6 Very good
7 Excellent
3 Moderate
4 Relatively good 8 Outstanding
The range of the blue wool references is that established for textiles (see table 1). The blue wool references shall be
protected from light before use.
Table 1
Light-fastness rating
Dye
1 Acid blue 104
2 Acid blue 109
3 Acid blue 83
4 Acid blue 121
5 Acid blue 47
6 Acid blue 23
7 Solubilized Vat blue 5
8 Solubilized Vat blue 8
The details shown in the column “Dye” correspond to the specifications given in the
...