SIST EN 61243-3:2000
(Main)Live working - Voltage detectors -- Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage type
Live working - Voltage detectors -- Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage type
Is applicable to two-pole voltage detectors to be used on electrical systems for nominal voltages not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. and/or 1500 V d.c and below 500 Hz (nominal frequencies). The detector types are classified as follows: voltage class A: up to and including 500 V a.c./750 V d.c.; voltage class B: up to and including 1 000 V a.c./ 1 500 V d.c. Low-voltage detectors covered by this standard are not intended to provide measurement of absolute values. Measuring devices are excluded form this standard. NOTE - The requirements for measuring devices are specified in EN 61010-1 and EN 61010-2-031.
Arbeiten unter Spannung - Spannungsprüfer -- Teil 3: Zweipoliger Spannungsprüfer für Niederspannungsnetze
Travaux sous tension - Détecteurs de tension -- Partie 3: Type bipolaire basse tension
Concerne les détecteurs de tension bipolaire utilisés sur les systèmes électriques dont les tensions nominales n'excèdent pas 1 000 V en courant alternatif et/ou 1 500 V en courant continu, et qui se situent sous 500 Hz (fréquences nominales). Les détecteurs sont classés de la manière suivante: tension de classe A, jusqu'à et y compris 500 V en courant alternatif/750 V en courant continu, et tension de classe B, jusqu'à et y compris 1 000 V en courant alternatif/ 1 500 V en courant continu. Les détecteurs de tension couverts par cette norme ne sont pas destinés à délivrer des mesures de valeurs absolues. Les appareils de mesure sont exclus de cette norme. NOTE - Les exigences pour les appareils de mesure sont fournies dans la EN 61010-1 et la EN 61010-2-031.
Delo pod napetostjo - Napetostni detektorji - 3. del: Dvopolni nizkonapetostni tip (IEC 61243-3:1998)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 61243-3:2000
01-september-2000
Delo pod napetostjo - Napetostni detektorji - 3. del: Dvopolni nizkonapetostni tip
(IEC 61243-3:1998)
Live working - Voltage detectors -- Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage type
Arbeiten unter Spannung - Spannungsprüfer -- Teil 3: Zweipoliger Spannungsprüfer für
Niederspannungsnetze
Travaux sous tension - Détecteurs de tension -- Partie 3: Type bipolaire basse tension
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61243-3:1998
ICS:
13.260 9DUVWYRSUHGHOHNWULþQLP Protection against electric
XGDURP'HORSRGQDSHWRVWMR shock. Live working
SIST EN 61243-3:2000 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
61243-3
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1998-10
Travaux sous tension – Détecteurs de tension –
Partie 3:
Type bipolaire basse tension
Live working – Voltage detectors –
Part 3:
Two-pole low-voltage type
IEC 1998 Droits de reproduction réservés Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photo- including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in
copie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. writing from the publisher.
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Telefax: +41 22 919 0300 e-mail: inmail@iec.ch IEC web site http: //www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
PRICE CODE X
International Electrotechnical Commission
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
Clause
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 11
3 Definitions. 15
4 Requirements. 21
4.1 General. 21
4.2 Functional requirements. 21
4.3 Electrical requirements. 25
4.4 Mechanical requirements . 29
4.5 Connecting leads . 31
4.6 Switches . 31
4.7 Clear indication and perceptibility . 31
4.8 Climatic categories. 33
4.9 Accuracy of indication . 33
4.10 Marking. 33
5 Tests . 35
5.1 General. 35
5.2 Tests of construction, protection against contact, current limiting resistance,
battery box, marking, instructions for use, and circuit diagram . 37
5.3 Test of clear indication and perceptibility . 37
5.4 Cold and moist heat test. 45
5.5 Test of electric strength. 45
5.6 Test of operating current . 47
5.7 Test of leakage current on indoor type detectors . 47
5.8 Test of leakage current on outdoor type detectors . 49
5.9 Test of surge voltage strength . 49
5.10 Testing for safety in the event of mistaking the voltage of the network . 49
5.11 Test of function of switches . 51
5.12 Test of built-in testing elements. 51
5.13 Test of radio interference suppression. 51
5.14 Test of heat resistance of insulating parts. 51
5.15 Test of over-temperature of handles and enclosures. 53
5.16 Impact hammer test . 53
5.17 Test of drop resistance. 53
5.18 Vibration resistance . 55
5.19 Flexing test . 55
5.20 Tensile test . 57
5.21 Pull relief test. 57
5.22 Test of the close adhesion of the detachable insulation of the electrode insulation 57
5.23 Test of degree of protection by enclosure . 59
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 5 –
Table 1 – Climatic categories. 33
Figures
Figure 1 – Voltage detector. 61
Figure 2 – Arrangement for the test of clarity of visual indication . 63
Figure 3 – Arrangement for the test of audible indication . 65
Figure 4 – Apparatus for flexing test . 67
Annexes
Annex A – General test procedure . 69
Annex B – Instructions for use . 71
Annex C – Sampling plans and procedure. 75
Annex D – Example of how to use IEC 60664-1 (see 4.3.6) . 81
Annex E – Supplementary functions. 83
Annex F – Acceptance tests . 89
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
–––––––––
LIVE WORKING – VOLTAGE DETECTORS –
Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage type
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61243-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 78: Live
working.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
78/251/FDIS 78/257/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
Annexes A, B, C, D and E form an integral part of this standard.
Annex F is for information only.
The contents of the corrigenda of May 2000 and of December 2000 have been included in
this copy.
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 9 –
INTRODUCTION
Some low-voltage detectors have been in use for general detection of the state of electrical
circuits.
The detector covered in this standard is very specific in the sense that it is not a measuring
instrument. This detector complies with special requirements for live working thus providing a
high level of safety to protect qualified users performing tests on electrical networks and to
indicate clearly the voltage states "voltage present" and/or "voltage not present".
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 11 –
LIVE WORKING – VOLTAGE DETECTORS –
Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage type
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61243 is applicable to two-pole voltage detectors to be used on electrical
systems for nominal voltages not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. and/or 1 500 V d.c. and below 500 Hz
(nominal frequencies). The detector types are classified as follows: voltage class A: up to and
including 500 V a.c./750 V d.c.; voltage class B: up to and including 1 000 V a.c./1 500 V d.c.
This part of IEC 61243 also applies to supplementary functions such as phase indications,
rotating field indications, and continuity checks (see annex E). Furthermore, it applies to
accessories such as crocodile clips, detachable leads and contact electrode extensions.
Unless otherwise specified, all the voltages defined in this standard refer to phase-to-phase
voltages of three-phase systems. Detectors may be used in other than three-phase systems,
then the applicable phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth (ground) voltages are to be used to
determine the operating voltage.
Low-voltage detectors covered by this standard are not intended to provide measurement of
absolute values.
Measuring devices are excluded from this standard.
NOTE – The requirements for measuring devices are specified in IEC 61010-1 and IEC 61010-2-031.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this part of IEC 61243. At the time of publication, the editions indicated
were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based
on this part of IEC 61243 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most
recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 60050(151):1978, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 151: Electrical
and magnetic devices
IEC 60050(441):1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 441:
Switchgear, controlgear and fuses
IEC 60050(601):1985, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 601:
Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity – General
IEC 60060-1:1989, High voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 13 –
IEC 60060-2:1994, High voltage test techniques – Part 2: Measuring systems
IEC 60068-1:1988, Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-6:1995, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-32:1975, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Ed: Free fall (Procedure 1)
IEC 60068-2-75:1997, Environmental testing – Part 2-75: Tests – Test Eh: Hammer tests
IEC 60245-4:1994 Rubber insulated cables – Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V –
Part 4: Cords and flexible cables
IEC 60304:1982, Standard colours for installation for low-frequency cables and wires
IEC 60364-4-41:1992, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 4: Protection for safety –
Chapter 41: Protection against electric shock
IEC 60364-4-47:1981, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 4: Protection for safety –
Chapter 47: Application of protective measures for safety – Section 470: General –
Section 471: Measures of protection against electric shock
1)
IEC 60417-1, —, Graphical symbols for use on equipment – Part 1: Overview and application
IEC 60479-1:1994, — Effects of current on human beings and livestock – Part 1: General
aspects
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60651:1979, Sound level meters
IEC 60664-1:1992, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60900:1987, Hand tools for live working up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 d.c.
IEC 61260:1995, Electroacoustics – Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
IEC 61318:1994, Live working – Guidelines for quality assurance plans
IEC 61557-7:1997, Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and
1 500 V d.c. – Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures – Part 7:
Phase sequence
ISO 354:1985, Acoustics – Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room
ISO 2859-1:1999, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes – Part 1: Sampling
schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
––––––––
1)
To be published.
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 15 –
ISO 3744:1994, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
pressure – Engineering method in an essentially free-field over a reflecting plane
ISO 7000:1989, Graphical symbols for use on equipment – Index and synopsis
ISO 9001:1994, Quality systems – Model for quality assurance in design, development,
production, installation and servicing
ISO 9002:1994, Quality systems – Model for quality assurance in production, installation and
servicing
CISPR 14-1:1993, Electromagnetic compatibility – Requirements for household appliances,
electric tools and similar apparatus – Part 1: Emission – Product family standard
3 Definitions
For the purpose of this part of IEC 61243 the following definitions apply.
3.1
two-pole voltage detector (detector)
portable device for two-pole application, used to detect or signal the presence or the absence
of voltage
3.2
test probe
insulated part of a detector used in handling contact electrode. It may contain components for
application and testing.
3.3
indicator
part of the detector which indicates the presence or absence of voltage at the contact electrode
within the nominal voltage range
3.4
contact electrode
bare conductive part which establishes the electrical connection to the component, system, or
installation to be tested
3.5
contact electrode extension
externally insulated conductive section between the indicator and the contact electrode
3.6
hand-guard
distinctive physical barrier (fixed to or part of the test probe) to prevent the fingers or hands of
the operator from inadvertently touching the contact electrode or any energized part
3.7
redundant indicating system
second individual indicating system, arranged to be independent of each other in operation
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 17 –
3.8
internal energy source
integrated functional power supply necessary for the correct operation of the detector
3.9
testing element
built-in element or external device, by means of which the functioning of the detector can be
checked by the user
3.10
phase indicator
part of the detector which indicates the phase and/or the neutral conductor of a live system
3.11
accessible electrode
single conductive part of the detector designed to be touched by the finger or the hand in order
to activate the phase indication
3.12
rotating field indication
part of the detector which indicates the phase sequence of a three phase system
3.13
successive indication
function in form of separate level indicators (e.g. lamps or light-emitting diodes – LEDs) for a
step by step indication, that provides notice of the value of the indicated voltage
3.14
continuity test
function which determines whether an electric circuit is continuous
3.15
measuring display
function in form of an analogue or digital display, that provides notice of the value of the
indicated voltage
Such displays are for indication only, they are not intended to provide measurement of absolute
values.
3.16
nominal voltage (U )
n
suitable approximate voltage value used to identify a system or device [IEV 601-01-21]
The nominal voltage of the detector is the parameter associated with its clear indication.
Certain types of detectors may have several nominal voltages or nominal voltage ranges. Limit
values of a voltage range are named U min. and U max.
n n
3.17
threshold voltage (U )
t
minimum voltage between the live component and earth (ground) required to give a clear
indication corresponding to specific conditions, as defined in a corresponding test
NOTE – In practical use the criterion of this definition is applicable for a voltage detection between two live
components for determination of the voltage state.
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 19 –
3.18
extra low voltage (ELV)
voltages below the safe values 50 V a.c. and 120 V d.c.
3.19
operating current
minimum value of current required to operate the different indicating systems
3.20
leakage current
maximum current measured at any point on the operator side of the hand-guard at the
maximum nominal voltages of the detector (a.c. and d.c.)
3.21
current and voltage limiting element or protective impedance device
element or device that limits the steady-state or discharge current or surge voltage to safe
values (see IEC 60479), throughout the life of the equipment when used under the electric
stresses specified in the event of any likely component failure (see 4.3.6)
3.22
duty ratio
ratio of the onload duration to total time for a given interval
3.23
response time
time delay between a sudden change of the voltage state on the contact electrode and the
associated clear indication
3.24
stand-by state
state at which the detector is ready to work correctly at the threshold voltage without manual
switching
3.25
clear indication
unambiguous detection or indication of the change of the voltage state at the defined threshold
voltage
3.26
clear perceptibility
case where the indication is unmistakably discernible by the user under specific environmental
conditions when the detector is in its operating position
3.27
indoor type
detector designed for use in dry conditions, normally indoors
3.28
outdoor type
detector designed for use in wet conditions, both indoor and outdoor
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 21 –
3.29
type test
test on one or more devices of a certain design to show that the design meets established
specifications [IEV 151-04-15] (See annex A)
3.30
routine test
test to which each individual device is subjected after manufacture to ascertain whether it
complies with established criteria. [IEV 151-04-16] (See annex C)
3.31
sampling test
test on a number of devices taken at random from a batch [IEV 151-04-17] (See annex C)
3.32
acceptance test
contractual test to prove to the customer that the device meets certain requirements of its
specification [IEV 151-04-20] (See annex F)
NOTE – Additional tests to this standard may be set up between customer and manufacturer.
4 Requirements
4.1 General
4.1.1 Safety
Detectors shall be designed and manufactured to cause no danger to the user provided they
are used in safe working conditions and in accordance with the instructions for use, even if the
detectors or any of the supplementary functions are used in case of faults on systems with
nominal voltages energized up to and including 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c.
4.1.2 Influence of frequency
All the functions of the detector shall operate at all nominal frequencies.
4.1.3 Radio interference
Detectors shall comply with the requirements of CISPR 14 according to duty ratio (see 4.2.2).
NOTE – In some countries additional requirements should be added to fulfil EMC-regulations (electromagnetic
compatibility).
4.2 Functional requirements
4.2.1 Clear indication
Detectors shall clearly indicate at nominal frequencies the voltage states "voltage present"
and/or "voltage not present" above ELV limit indication of
– every nominal voltage,
– every nominal voltage range and
– every step within a nominal voltage range (see 4.2.3).
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 23 –
An audible indication is optional.
The voltage range for clear indication, except indication of ELV limit indication, shall be limited
to 0,85 U min. ≤ U ≤ 1,1 U max.
n n n
4.2.1.1 The ELV limit indication shall be clearly indicated at all nominal frequencies.
NOTE – The ELV limit indication is only to warn the user of the presence of a dangerous voltage, not for its
measurement.
4.2.1.2 The threshold voltage U for each voltage range shall satisfy the following relationship:
t
U ≤ 0,85 U
t n
The threshold voltage U shall be equal to the values 50 V a.c. and 120 V d.c. for the ELV limit
t
indication.
4.2.1.3 The circuitry, even capacitive devices, shall be so designed, that only in case of
positive contact with a bare exposed conductor of the component under test, the operating
voltage shall be indicated by the detector.
4.2.1.4 Detectors, which require an operating current greater than 3,5 mA a.c. or 10 mA d.c.
(in accordance with IEC 60479) at the maximum nominal voltage of the voltage range, shall
have contact electrodes with protection against accidental contact by the user at least
according to IP2X (see IEC 60529) when they are not in use. An indicating circuit may be
alternatively activated by a push button (see IEV 441-14-53) in each test probe.
4.2.1.5 Visible indication shall not be hidden in normal use.
The normal position(s) of use shall be described in the instructions for use supplied by the
manufacturer of the detector and supplementary functions.
4.2.1.6 In normal use the audible emission level shall be at least the minimum.
4.2.2 Duty ratio
The detector shall be designed and constructed to operate for a continuous period of not less
than 30 s at the maximum nominal voltage or each voltage range (a.c. and d.c.) without
damage or danger. The on-load/off-load interval shall be at least 30 s on / 240 s off for 10 cycles.
4.2.3 Successive indication
Detectors that permit indications of voltage present as a successive indication shall be so
designed and constructed that when a voltage level is indicated, all level indicators for values
of voltages below this level shall signal at the same instant. The successive indication shall
indicate a increasing voltage in the sequence from the lower to the higher level indication and
by decreasing in the inverse manner.
4.2.4 Scale change
Detectors constructed with scale change-over switches shall be designed so that the level of
the voltage present is indicated on each and every scale. The quality of indication on each
range shall be the same.
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 25 –
4.2.5 Built-in testing element
Detectors with built-in energy sources shall be equipped with a built-in testing element. It shall
indicate without fail that the test function, including all parts affecting the indicator, and its
internal energy source operate properly.
When the built-in testing element does not cover all parts affecting the indicator, the following
requirements shall be met:
– a built-in testing element for all indicating elements for the indication of the voltage states
of the detector and the internal energy source shall be provided;
– a redundant non-disconnectible indicating system without internal energy source shall
provide in minimum the ELV limit indication.
NOTE –Detectors without an internal energy source should be tested on live parts immediately before using for
voltage detection (see annex B).
4.2.6 Test probe for rotating field indication
An insulated crocodile clip is allowed:
– if it is included and designed as a test probe with a rating of not less than IP2X
(IEC 60529),
– if only one is used with the detector,
– if the current is less than 3,5 mA at U max,
n
– if the second and the third test probes are fully insulated by means of retractable shrouds
and
– if it is only used for rotating field indication.
4.2.7 Protective system
4.2.7.1 Indoor type
The degree of protection of the equipment shall meet at least the requirement for IP4X
(IEC 60529).
4.2.7.2 Outdoor type
The degree of protection of the equipment shall meet at least the requirement for IP44
(IEC 60529).
4.3 Electrical requirements
4.3.1 Detectors shall be provided with the following:
– surge protection;
– adequate dielectric strength to withstand repetitive fast voltage, surge, and short-term
overvoltages;
– resistance against cold and moist heat;
– resistance against normal moisture;
– durable electric connections of sufficient conductivity.
4.3.2 Detectors shall not have bare metal parts, except those for contact- and accessible
electrodes.
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61243-3 © IEC:1998 – 27 –
4.3.3 Detectors shall consist of two test probes with at least one connecting lead and one
indicator. Each test probe shall have one metallic contact electrode. Handles shall be equipped
with a hand-guard (see figure 1).
4.3.4 At least one test circuit shall be in an operational state at any time, even when an
overcurrent protective device or push-button switches are provided.
4.3.5 Fuses are permitted only in circuits used for continuity checks.
4.3.6 Clearance and creepage distances
Clearance distances shall meet the requirements of table 2 of IEC 60664-1 – minimum
clearance distances in air for inhomogeneous fields (case A) for all devices being used in
direct contact with live voltages. Detectors shall be classified into category II, IEC 60664-1.
In accordance with table 1, column 2 of IEC 60664-1, the rated impulse voltage for the
equipment of detectors has to be defined as:
– detectors according to voltage class A (see clause 1): 4 kV;
– detectors according to voltage class B (see clause 1): 6 kV.
Creepage distances shall be in accordance with table 4 of IEC 60664-1. All circuits used in
direct contact with live voltages and all distances through openings or slots shall assure
functional insulation.
The pollution degree in accordance with IEC 60664-1 is determined only in connection with
housing definitions of IPXX (IEC 60529):
– degree 3 for housings IP4X;
– degree 2 for housings IP5X;
– degree 1 for housings IP6X.
If the short circuit fault is limited by current and voltage limiting elements to maximum 3,5 mA
a.c. or 10 mA d.c. for U max., taking their temperature coefficient into account, clearances
n
and creepage distances between components which are arranged between current limiting
elements or are protected by a "surge protecting element" shall be dimensioned according to
table 4, column 2 of IEC
...
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