SIST EN 13364:2002

• Abstract:

  This European Standard specifies a test method to determine the breaking load at the dowel hole of natural stones used for cladding or lining in building.

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2002
• ICS: 73.020 - Mining and quarrying
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: KAM - Natural stone
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-May-2002
• Due Date: 01-May-2002
• Completion Date: 01-May-2002
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive:

  ---

  89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/116 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on masonry and related products
• Mandate: M/121 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on internal and external wall and ceiling finishes
• Ref Project: EN 13364:2001 - Natural stone test methods - Determination of the breaking load at dowel hole

• Refers: SIST EN 10088-1:2024 - Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: SIST EN 197-1:2011 - Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: SIST EN 12390-4:2025 - Testing hardened concrete - Part 4: Compressive strength - Specification for testing machines
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 1469:2015 - Natural stone products - Slabs for cladding - Requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST-TP CEN/TR 17024:2017 - Natural stones - Guidance for use of natural stones
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 1469:2005 - Natural stone products - Slabs for cladding - Requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12371:2010 - Natural stone test methods - Determination of frost resistance
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Revised: oSIST prEN 13364-2:2026 - Natural stone test methods - Part 2: Determination of the breaking load at kerf slot and metal profile
• Effective Date: 22-Oct-2025
• Revised: oSIST prEN 13364-1:2026 - Natural stone test methods - Part 1: Determination of the breaking load at dowel hole
• Effective Date: 08-Oct-2025
• Revised: oSIST prEN 13364:2025 - Natural stone test methods - Determination of the breaking load at dowel hole and slot-and-blade system
• Effective Date: 06-Sep-2023

SIST EN 13364:2002 is the Slovenian adoption of EN 13364:2001 from CEN. It specifies a test method for determining the breaking load at the dowel hole of natural stone used for cladding or lining in buildings, so laboratories and stone users can assess how the material behaves around a fixed dowel connection.

What does SIST EN 13364:2002 specify?

SIST EN 13364:2002 defines a laboratory test for natural stone panels or slabs loaded through a dowel placed in a drilled side hole. The document is organized into clauses on scope, references, principle, symbols, apparatus, specimen preparation, dowels, test procedure, result expression and test report, plus Annex A for statistical evaluation.

The method can be run as an identification test or a technological test, depending on whether the use of the stone and its orientation in service are known. In practice, this affects how specimens are cut, oriented and reported.

What are the key requirements of SIST EN 13364:2002?

Specimens and orientation

Clause 6 requires the stone to be prepared with attention to bedding or other planes of anisotropy. When those planes are present, they must be marked on each specimen, because the loading direction can change the breaking behavior.

The standard sets different specimen arrangements for stone without anisotropy and for stone with anisotropy. If the stone has no planes of anisotropy, tests use Type 0 specimens; if it does, the method uses Type I, Type IIa or Type IIb arrangements depending on the loading direction relative to those planes.

Number of tests

Clause 6.2.2 links the minimum number of tests to the stone structure. This matters because a buyer or laboratory needs enough results to compare stone behavior in the relevant directions, not just one convenient specimen.

When the orientation of anisotropy is unknown, the method requires testing in three perpendicular orientations, which increases the total number of tests. That is the way the standard captures directional weakness in layered or bedded stone.

Hole preparation and dowels

Clause 6 requires wet drilling with a diamond or tungsten carbide tipped bit, without hammering. Clause 7 requires stainless steel dowels of type 1.4571 according to EN 10088-1, fixed in place with mortar made from CEM I 52,5 R in accordance with EN 197-1.

This matters in practice because the result depends on a consistent hole, a known dowel material and a repeatable fixing method. Clause 7 also requires a waiting period and storage before testing so the mortar can harden before load is applied.

Conditioning and measurement

Clause 6.2.9 requires the specimens to be dried to constant mass, then brought to thermal equilibrium before the dowels are fixed. Clause 6.2.10 then requires measurement of specimen thickness and the distance from the hole to the loaded face.

These measurements are needed to relate the breaking load to the actual geometry of each specimen, which is important when comparing stones of different thicknesses or when checking conformity.

Loading and failure

Clause 8 requires the specimen to be clamped, then loaded perpendicular to the dowel axis until failure. The load is increased uniformly, and the breaking load is recorded; if the dowel bends, the test is repeated with a larger dowel and a new specimen.

This tells the laboratory exactly how to load the stone and what to do if the setup is not representative of a normal dowel failure.

Results and reporting

Clause 9 requires mean values for the key measured quantities to be calculated for each relevant loading direction. Clause 10 requires a report that identifies the standard used, the laboratory, the client, the stone identification, sampling information, specimen details, test results, deviations and remarks.

For a buyer or quality manager, the report is the practical output: it shows not just the load at failure, but also the stone identification and the exact test conditions.

What terms does SIST EN 13364:2002 define?

• Identification test - a test used when the stone’s use, thickness, surface finish and orientation relative to anisotropy are not known.
• Technological test - a test used when the service use and orientation of the stone are known, so the specimen is prepared to match that use.
• Planes of anisotropy - directional features in the stone that can change its mechanical behavior depending on load direction.
• Breaking load - the force recorded at the moment the specimen fails around the dowel hole.
• Dowel - the metal pin placed in the drilled hole to transmit the load into the stone.
• Lower expected value - in Annex A, the 5 % quantile of a lognormal distribution at 75 % confidence.
• Coefficient of variation - a statistical measure used in Annex A to show relative spread of measured values.

Who uses SIST EN 13364:2002?

SIST EN 13364:2002 is used by test laboratories, natural stone producers, specifiers, and buyers of cladding or lining stone. It helps them check whether a stone can resist the local stresses created by a dowel fixing and whether results should be compared by loading direction.

It is also relevant for quality control and conformity assessment in projects where stone panels are fixed mechanically.

What changed in SIST EN 13364:2002 from the previous edition?

SIST EN 13364:2002 is identical to EN 13364:2001.

Which standards are used with SIST EN 13364:2002?

• EN 10088-1 - specifies the stainless steel grade used for the dowels.
• EN 12390-4 - gives the testing-machine specification used for the force application equipment.
• EN 197-1 - specifies the cement used to make the mortar that fixes the dowel.
• EN 12440 - provides denomination criteria for natural stone, useful when reporting the stone identity.
• prEN 12670 - provides natural stone terminology for naming and describing the material.
• The foreword places EN 13364 within the wider natural stone test methods series, alongside EN 1925, EN 1926, EN 1936, EN 12370, EN 12372, EN 12407 and related prEN parts.

What does the SIST EN 13364:2002 document contain?

The document includes the test principle, symbols for thickness and fracture geometry, apparatus requirements, specimen preparation rules, dowel requirements, the loading procedure, result calculation and report content. Figures show the clamping device, the loading device, the test arrangements for the different anisotropy cases, and the failure geometry at the dowel hole.

Annex A gives a statistical method for evaluating test results, including mean value, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and lower expected value. It also includes a quantile factor table and worked examples, which are useful when comparing multiple test results or setting acceptance criteria.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2002
Preskušanje naravnega kamna – Ugotavljanje lomne obremenitve ob sidrni izvrtini
Natural stone test methods - Determination of the breaking load at dowel hole
Prüfung von Naturstein - Bestimmung der Ausbruchlast am Ankerdornloch
Méthodes d'essai pour pierre naturelle - Détermination de l'effort de rupture au niveau du
goujon de l'agrafe
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13364:2001
ICS:
73.020 Rudarstvo in kamnolomsko Mining and quarrying
izkopavanje
91.100.15 Mineralni materiali in izdelki Mineral materials and
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13364
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2001
ICS 73.020; 91.100.15
English version
Natural stone test methods - Determination of the breaking load
at dowel hole
Méthodes d'essai pour pierre naturelle - Détermination de Prüfung von Naturstein - Bestimmung der Ausbruchlast am
l'effort de rupture au niveau du goujon de l'agrafe Ankerdornloch
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 September 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13364:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Principle.5
4 Symbols .5
5 Apparatus .5
6 Preparation of the specimens.6
6.1 Sampling and position of bedding.6
6.2 Test specimens .6
6.2.1 General.6
6.2.2 Number of specimens .6
6.2.3 Surface finish of the specimens.9
6.2.4 Dimensions of the specimens .9
6.2.5 Location of the holes.10
6.2.6 Dimensions and tolerances of the holes.10
6.2.7 Drilling the holes.10
6.2.8 Planes of anisotropy.10
6.2.9 Conditioning.10
6.2.10 Measuring d and d .10
7 Dowels.11
7.1 Dimensions and tolerances .11
7.2 Material.11
7.3 Placing the dowels.11
8 Test procedure .11
9 Expression of the results.12
10 Test report .12
Annex A (normative) Statistical evaluation of the test results .14
A.1 Scope .14
A.2 Symbols and definitions .14
A.3 Statistical evaluation of test results .15
Bibliography .18
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 246, “Natural Stone”, the secretariat
of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by May 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by
December 2002.
This European Standard is one of the series of standards for tests on natural stone.
Test methods for natural stone consist of the following parts:
EN 1925, Natural stone test methods - Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarity.
EN 1926, Natural stone test methods - Determination of compressive strength.
EN 1936, Natural stone test methods – Determination of real density and apparent density and of total open
porosity.
EN 12370, Natural stone test methods - Determination of resistance to salt crystallisation.
EN 12372, Natural stone test methods - Determination of flexural strength under concentrated load.
EN 12407, Natural stone test methods – Petrographic description.
prEN 12371, Natural stone test methods - Determination of frost resistance.
prEN 13161, Natural stone test methods - Determination of flexural strength under constant moment.
prEN 13373, Natural stone test methods - Determination of geometric characteristics on units.
prEN 13755, Natural stone test methods - Determination of water absorption at atmospheric pressure.
prEN 13919, Natural stone test methods - Determination of resistance to ageing by SO action in the presence of
humidity.
prEN 14066, Natural stone test methods - Determination of thermal shock resistance.
prEN .(WI 00246011), Natural stone test methods - Determination of thermal dilatation coefficient.
prEN .(WI 00246012), Natural stone test methods - Determination of sound - speed propagation.
prEN 14157, Natural stone test methods - Determination of abrasion resistance.
prEN 14205, Natural stone test methods - Determination of Knoop hardness.
prEN 14231, Natural stone test methods - Determination of slip resistance by means of the pendulum tester.
prEN .(WI 00246018), Natural stone test methods - Determination of static elastic modulus.
prEN 14158, Natural stone test methods - Determination of rupture energy.
prEN 14147, Natural stone test methods - Determination of resistance to ageing by salt mist.
It is intended that other ENs should call up this EN 13364 as the basis of evaluation of conformity. (Nevertheless it
is not intended that all natural stones products should be subjected regularly to all the listed tests. Specifications in
other standards should call up only relevant test methods).
This European Standard has an annex A (normative).
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a test method to determine the breaking load at the dowel hole of natural stones
used for cladding or lining in building.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 10088-1, Stainless steels – Part 1: List of stainless steels.
EN 12390-4, Testing hardened concrete – Part 4: Compressive strength - Specification for testing machines.
EN 197-1, Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements.
3 Principle
This test consists of applying a force in a direction perpendicular to the face of a specimen through a dowel
previously placed in an hole drilled in one of its sides and measuring the breaking load of the specimen.
4 Symbols
d is the thickness of the test specimen, in millimetres
d is the distance from the hole wall to the face where fracture occurs, in millimetres
b is the maximum distance of the centre of the hole to the fracture edge on the face, in millimetres
A
F is the individual breaking load, in newtons
is the mean value of d, in millimetres
d
is the mean value of F, in newtons
F
b is the mean value of b , in millimetres
A A
5 Apparatus
5.1 A balance capable of weighing the specimens with an accuracy of 0,01 % of their mass.
5.2 A ventilated oven capable of maintaining a temperature of (70 ± 5) °C.
5.3 A linear measuring device with an accuracy of 0,05 mm.
5.4 A rotary drilling machine equipped with a diamond or tungsten carbide tipped bit.
5.5 A testing machine of appropriate force in accordance with EN 12390-4 and calibrated according to this
standard.
5.6 A clamping device consisting of two metal plates having the shape and sizes shown in Figure 1.
5.7 A device for applying loads perpendicular to the axis of the dowel (see Figure 2).
5.8 A room or chamber in which the temperature of the air can be maintained at (20 ± 5) °C.
6 Preparation of the specimens
6.1 Sampling and position of bedding
The sampling is not the responsibility of the t
...