SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
(Main)Forged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety
Forged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety
This European Standard specifies requirements for forged steel Dee and bow shackles of grade 6 for general lifting purposes in a range of working load limits 0,5 t to 25 t maximum.
This standard applies only to those shackles with threaded pins.
Annex A gives information on the safe use of shackles, annex B gives information on types of pins, and annex C gives an example of a designation system for forged steel shackles.
The hazards covered are identified in clause 4.
Geschmiedete Schäkel für allgemeine Hebezwecke - Gerade und geschweifte Schäkel - Güteklasse 6 - Sicherheit
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen für geschmiedete, gerade und geschweifte Schäkel in
Güteklasse 6 für allgemeine Hebezwecke in einem Bereich von 0,5 t bis 25 t Tragfähigkeit fest.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nur für Schäkel mit Schraubbolzen.
Anhang A enthält Hinweise über die Benutzung von Schäkeln, Anhang B enthält Angaben über Bolzen und
Anhang C enthält ein Beispiel für ein Bezeichnungssystem für geschmiedete Schäkel.
Die Gefährdungen, die abgedeckt werden, sind in Abschnitt 4 aufgeführt.
Manilles forgées en acier pour applications générales de levage - Manilles droites et manilles lyres - Classe 6 - Sécurité
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions relatives aux manilles droites et aux manilles lyres forgées
en acier de classe 6 pour les applications générales de levage ayant des charges maximales d'utilisation comprises
entre 0,5 t et 25 t maximum.
La présente norme s'applique uniquement aux manilles ayant des axes filetés.
L'Annexe A donne des informations sur l'utilisation sûre des manilles, l'Annexe B donne des informations sur les
types d'axes, et l'Annexe C donne un exemple d'un système de désignation pour les manilles forgées en acier.
Les phénomènes dangereux couverts sont identifiés à l’article 4.
Kovane jeklene skobe za splošne dvigalne namene - Ravne in zakrivljene skobe - Kakovostni razred 6 - Varnost
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kovane jeklene skobe za splošne dvigalne namene - Ravne in zakrivljene skobe - Kakovostni razred 6 - VarnostGeschmiedete Schäkel für allgemeine Hebezwecke - Gerade und geschweifte Schäkel - Güteklasse 6 - SicherheitManilles forgées en acier pour applications générales de levage - Manilles droites et manilles lyres - Classe 6 - SécuritéForged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety53.020.30Pribor za dvigalno opremoAccessories for lifting equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13889:2003+A1:2008SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009en,fr,de01-januar-2009SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13889:2003+A1
November 2008 ICS 53.020.30 Supersedes EN 13889:2003 English Version
Forged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety
Manilles forgées en acier pour applications générales de levage - Manilles droites et manilles lyres - Classe 6 - Sécurité
Geschmiedete Schäkel für allgemeine Hebezwecke - Gerade und geschweifte Schäkel - Güteklasse 6 - Sicherheit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2003 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 September 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13889:2003+A1:2008: ESIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Hazards.7 5 Safety requirements.8 6 Verification of safety requirements.14 7 Marking.19 8 Manufacturer's certificate.19 9 Instructions for use.20 Annex A (informative)
Safe use of shackles.21 Annex B (normative)
Shackle pins.27 Annex C (informative)
Designation system for forged steel shackles.28 Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC"""".29 Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""".30 Bibliography.31
SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13889:2003+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 168, "Chains, ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - Safety" the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document supersedes EN 13889:2003. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-09-09. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !". This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." Annexes A and C are informative. Annex B is normative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means of conforming with the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope. In addition, lifting equipment will conform as appropriate to EN 292 for hazards that are not covered by this standard. The designation system given in annex C for recording the identifying features of forged steel shackles has been included in this first edition of this standard as an informative annex. However, should its use become accepted then the status of the annex will need to be reviewed. SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for forged steel Dee and bow shackles of grade 6 for general lifting purposes in a range of working load limits 0,5 t to 25 t maximum. This standard applies only to those shackles with threaded pins. Annex A gives information on the safe use of shackles, annex B gives information on types of pins, and annex C gives an example of a designation system for forged steel shackles. The hazards covered are identified in clause 4. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292-2: 1991, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles and specifications EN 1050: 1996, Safety of machinery — Principles for risk assessment EN 10025: 1990, Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels — Technical delivery conditions EN 10045-1, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 1: Test method EN 10045-2, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 2: Verification of the testing machine (pendulum impact) EN 10228-1, Non-destructive testing of steel forgings — Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection EN 10228-2, Non-destructive testing of steel forgings — Part 2: Penetrant testing EN 45012, General requirements for bodies operating assessment and certification/registration of quality systems (ISO/IEC Guide 62:1996) EN ISO 7500-1: 1999, Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system. (ISO 7500-1:1999) ISO 261, ISO general-purpose metric screw threads — General plan ISO 263, ISO inch screw threads — General plan and selection for screws, bolts and nuts — Diameter range 0.06 to 6 inch ISO 643, Steels — Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 6
3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 10025: 1990 and the following apply: 3.1 shackle a lifting accessory comprising a body and pin as shown in Figures 1 and 2 which are readily separable and can be used to connect a load to a lifting machine directly or in conjunction with other lifting accessories.
3.2 body a part of the shackle formed to the shape of a dee or bow and terminating in eyes as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
3.3 pin a component of circular section which passes through the eyes of the shackle, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and B.1 and which can be readily disassembled.
3.4 dee shackle a shackle the crown of which forms a semicircle of internal radius half the width, W, between the eyes as shown in Figure 1. 3.5 bow shackle a shackle the crown of which forms more than a semicircle of internal radius more than half the width, W, between the eyes as shown in Figure 2. 3.6 working load limit WLL maximum mass that a shackle is authorized to sustain in general service NOTE This term has the same meaning as the term maximum working load used in EN 292-2: 1991, annex A. 3.7 manufacturing proof force MPF force applied to the shackle during the manufacturing proof test 3.8 breaking force BF maximum force reached during the static tensile test of a shackle at which the shackle fails to retain the load 3.9 traceability code series of letters and/or numbers marked on a shackle that enables its manufacturing history, including identity of the cast of steel used, to be traced
3.10 lot number of shackles of the same type and dimensions, manufactured during the same production run from the same cast of steel and subjected to the same heat treatment process
3.11 type W pin screwed pin with eye and collar and which screws into one eye of the shackle body
SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 7 3.12 type X pin bolt type pin with hexagon head, hexagon nut and split cotter pin
3.13 competent person designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and with the necessary instruction to enable the required test and examination to be carried out NOTE EN ISO 9001 gives guidance on training. 4 Hazards Accidental release of a load, or release of a load due to failure of shackle puts at risk, either directly or indirectly the safety or health of those persons within the danger zone. In order to provide the necessary strength and durability of shackles EN 13889 gives requirements for the design, manufacture and testing to ensure the specified levels of performance are met. Since failure can be caused by the incorrect choice of grade and specification of shackle EN 13889 also gives the requirements for marking and the manufacturer's certificate. Errors of fitting can also lead to failure and EN 13889 contains dimensional requirements to allow correct fit. Risk of injury due to sharp edges, sharp angles or rough surfaces when handling is also covered by this standard. Those aspects of safe use associated with good practice are given in annex A. Table 1 contains those hazards, which require action to reduce risk identified by risk assessment as being specific and significant for shackles.
Table 1 — Hazards and associated requirements Hazards identified in annex A Relevant clause Relevant clause/ EN 1050: 1996,
of annex A of EN 292-2: 1991 subclause of
EN 13889 1 Mechanical hazard 1.3.2
due to inadequacy 4.1.2.3
of strength 1.3.2 4.1.2.3 4.1.2.5 5 5 5
4.2.4 6
4.3.2 7
4.2.4 8
1.7.4 9 1.3 Cutting hazard 1.3.4 5.3 1.8 Friction or abrasion hazard 1.3.4 5.3 15 Errors of fitting hazard 1.5.4 5.1
SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 8 5 Safety requirements 5.1 Dimensions 5.1.1 Dee shackles The principal dimensions of the dee shackle shall conform to Table 2 in which the dimensions are related to the working load limit. 12354dSDWe
Key: 1 Crown 2 Body 3 Example of screwed pin with eye and collar – type W 4 Eye 5 Bolt type pin with hexagon head, hexagon nut and split cotter pin – type X Figure 1 — Dimensions of dee shackles SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 9 5.1.2 Bow shackles The principal dimensions of the bow shackle shall conform to Table 2 in which the dimensions are related to the working load limit. 12435dSDWeE
Key: 1 Crown 2 Body 3 Example of screwed pin with eye and collar – type W 4 Eye 5 Bolt type pin with hexagon head, hexagon nut and split cotter pin – type X Figure 2 — Dimensions of Bow shackles SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 10
Table 2 — Limiting values for Dee shackles and Bow shackles
WLL Nominal bow diameter dn Nominal pin diameter Dn Nominal inside width Wn at pin
Minimum eye diameter en Dee shackle: minimum inside length S Bow shackle: minimum inside length
S Minimum inside width of bow
Emin t mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 0,5 6,50 8 12 15,5 20 27 19 0,75 8 9,5
13,5 18,5 25 29 20 1 10 11 16,5 22 27 32 24 1,5 11,2 12,2 19 25 33 39 27 2 13,5 16 21,5 29,5 38 44 30 3,25 16,5 19 27 38 47 57 39 4,75 20 22 31,5 44 52 65 48 6,5 23 25 36,5 50 65 76 55 8,5 25,5 28 43 56 74 88 64 9,5 29 32 46,5 64 83 101 70 12 33 35 51,5 70 87 108 78 13,5 36,5 38 57 76 104 126 85 17 39,5 42 60 84 115 139 94 25 46 51 74 100 139 168 119 NOTE: Tolerances: - Bow dia, dn :0,5 t up to and including 2 t : +1,5/ - 1 mm
3,25 t up to and including 12 t : +/- 2,5 mm
13,5 t up to and including 25 t : +/- 3 mm Allow bow diameter dn to be oval, + 10 % for sizes 3,25 t up to and including 17 t, + 25 % for size 25 t (same tolerances as above) - Pin dia, Dn : 0,5 t up to and including 2 t : +/- 1 mm
3,25 t up to and including 25 t : +/- 2 mm - Inside width at pin,Wn : 0,5 t up to and including 2 t : +/- 2,5 mm
3,25 t up to and including 9,5 t : +/- 3 mm
12 t up to and including 25 t : +/- 4 mm
5.2 Design 5.2.1 Screw threads Screw threads shall conform either to ISO 261 class 7H/8g or to ISO 263 class 1A/1B. NOTE For hot dip galvanized or coated pins it is permissible for the threads to be undercut prior to galvanizing or coating. SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 11 5.2.2 Pins Pins shall be in accordance with annex B. The collar diameter or width across the flats of the nut shall be at least 1,2D or D+ 3 mm whichever is greater. The outside diameter of the thread shall be the same as the outside diameter of the pin taking into consideration any undercutting of the thread to allow for galvanising or coating. The screwed portion of the pin shall be concentric with the main portion. In the case of type W pins, when the pin is fully tightened the length of thread remaining visible between the jaws of the shackle shall not be greater than 1,5 thread pitch. In the case of type X pins, when the pin is fully tightened there shall be no thread visible between the jaws of the shackle. 5.2.3 Hole diameter The maximum diameter of the unthreaded hole or holes in the body of the shackle shall be either 1,1D or D + 1,5 mm, whichever is greater, where D is the actual pin diameter. Holes in shackle bodies shall be central to the outside of the eyes. 5.3 Manufacturing methods and workmanship 5.3.1 Manufacture Shackle bodies shall be forged hot in one piece. Excess metal from the forging operation shall be cleanly removed leaving the surface free from sharp edges. After heat-treatment, furnace scale shall be removed. Profiling of blanks other than by bending or forging shall not be used. Shackle pins shall not be produced by a casting process. No welding shall be carried out on any part of the shackle body or pin. 5.3.2 Surface finish The finished condition of shackles shall include any surface finish. NOTE Shackles are supplied in various surface finishes e.g. descaled, electroplated, hot dip galvanized or painted. If shackles are to be hot dip galvanized or subjected to similar processes, such processing should only be carried out under the control of the shackles manufacturer.
SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 12 5.4 Materials and heat treatment 5.4.1 Quality of material 5.4.1.1 Type of steel The steel shall be produced by an electric process or by an oxygen blown process. 5.4.1.2 Deoxidation The steel shall be fully killed as defined in EN 10025, be stabilized against strain-age-embrittlement and have an austenitic grain size of 5 or finer when tested in accordance with ISO 643. This shall be accomplished, by ensuring that the steel contains sufficient aluminium (minimum 0,025 %) to permit the manufacture of shackles stabilized against strain-age-embrittlement during service. Steels not susceptible to strain aging will only require a grain refining element to have an austenitic grain size of 5 or finer when tested in accordance with ISO 643. These elements can be aluminium, vanadium or niobium in the quantity of minimum 0,02%. NOTE Medium carbon (steels containing more than 0,2% and less than 0,5% carbon), fine grain heat treated steels are not susceptible to strain aging. 5.4.1.3 Chemical composition The sulfur and phosphorous content of the steel shall be in accordance with Table 3. 5.4.2 Heat treatment Shackles shall be hardened from a temperature above the AC3 point and tempered before being subjected to the manufacturing proof force. The tempering temperature shall be at least 420 °C. The tempering conditions shall be at least as effective as a temperature of 420 °C maintained for a period of 1 h. Sample shackles shall be tested after they have been reheated to and maintained for 1 h at 420 °C and then cooled to room temperature and shall conform to the requirements of 5.5. 5.5 Mechanical properties 5.5.1 Manufacturing proof force (MPF) Shackles shall be able to withstand the manufacturing proof force specified in Table 4. Following removal of the force, the dimensions shall be within the tolerances specified on the shackle manufacturer’s drawings. Shackles are supplied in various surface finishes, (see 5.3.2). Where processes are used which involve the risk of shackle embrittlement e.g. acid cleaning or electroplating, the manufacturing proof force shall be applied in the finished condition. 5.5.2 Breaking force (BF) Shackles in the finished condition shall have a breaking force at least equal to that specified in Table 4.
SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 13 5.5.3 Fatigue resistance All shackles shall withstand at least 20 000 cycles of application of the force range specified in 6.2.4. 5.5.4 Impact value Samples from shackle pins and bodies shall have a minimum average impact value of 27 J when tested in accordance with 6.2.5. No individual test value shall be less than 2/3 of the specified minimum average value. Table 3 — Sulfur and phosphorus content Element Maximum mass content as determined by
Cast analysis Check analysis
%
%
Sulfur 0,025 0,030 Phosphorus 0,025 0,030
Table 4 — Mechanical properties Working load limit WLL Manufacturing proof force MPF Minimum breaking force BFmin t kN kN 0,5 9,8 24,5 0,75 14,7 36,8 1 19,6 49,1 1,5 29,4 73,6 2 39,2 98,1 3,25 63,7 160 4,75 93,1 233 6,5 128 319 8,5 167 417 9,5 187 466 12 236 589 13,5 265 662 17 334 834 25 491 1226
NOTE The mechanical properties specified in Table 4 are calculated values. It is common practice for manufacturers to round MPF and BF up to higher values that may appear in their published catalogues. SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 (E) 14 6 Verification of safety requirements 6.1 Qualifications of personnel All testing and examination shall be carried out by a competent person. 6.2 Type testing 6.2.1 General In order to prove the design, material, heat treatment and method of manufacture, each size of shackle in the finished condition shall be type tested to demonstrate that the shackles possess the mechanical properties specified in this European Standard. Any change of design, specification of material, heat treatment, method of manufacture or in any dimension
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