SIST EN 15011:2011
(Main)Cranes - Bridge and gantry cranes
Cranes - Bridge and gantry cranes
This European Standard applies to bridge and gantry cranes mounted in a fixed position or free to travel by wheels on rails, runways or roadway surfaces. This European Standard is not applicable to non-fixed load lifting attachments, erection and dismantling operations, runways and supporting structures nor does it cover additional loads due to the mounting of cranes on a floating or tilting base. This European Standard specifies requirements for all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to bridge and gantry cranes when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This European Standard does not include requirements for the lifting of persons. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard is applicable to bridge and gantry cranes manufactured after the date of its publication as an EN.
Krane - Brücken- und Portalkrane
This European Standard applies to bridge and gantry cranes mounted in a fixed position or free to travel by wheels on rails, runways or roadway surfaces. This European Standard is not applicable to non-fixed load lifting attachments, erection and dismantling operations, runways and supporting structures nor does it cover additional loads due to the mounting of cranes on a floating or tilting base.
This European Standard specifies requirements for all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to bridge and gantry cranes when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This European Standard does not include requirements for the lifting of persons.
The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard.
This European Standard is applicable to bridge and gantry cranes manufactured after the date of its publication as an EN.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Ponts roulants et portiques
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux portiques et ponts roulants montés en position fixe ou libre de
déplacement soit par l'intermédiaire de roues (galets) sur des rails, chemins de roulement ou routes. La
présente Norme européenne n'est pas applicable aux équipements amovibles de prise de charge, aux
opérations de montage et démontage, aux chemins de roulement et aux structures portantes. Elle ne couvre
pas non plus les charges additionnelles dues au montage de l'appareil de levage sur une base flottante ou
basculante.
La présente Norme européenne traite de l'ensemble des phénomènes dangereux significatifs, des situations
et des événements dangereux liés aux ponts roulants et aux portiques lorsque ceux-ci sont utilisés
conformément à l'usage prévu et dans les conditions prévues par le fabricant (voir Article 4).
La présente Norme européenne ne contient pas de prescriptions relatives au levage de personnes.
Les phénomènes dangereux spécifiques dus à des atmosphères potentiellement explosives, un rayonnement
ionisant et un fonctionnement dans des champs électromagnétiques allant au-delà de la plage de
l'EN 61000-6-2 ne sont pas couverts par la présente Norme européenne.
La présente Norme est applicable aux ponts roulants et aux portiques qui sont fabriqués après sa date de
publication comme Norme Européenne (EN).
Žerjavi - Mostni in portalni (kozičasti) žerjavi
Ta evropski standard se uporablja za mostne in portalne (kozičaste) žerjave, ki so nameščeni v pritrjenem položaju ali prosto potujejo po kolesih na tirih, pistah ali cestnih površinah. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za nepritrjene dodatke za dvigovanje tovora, operacije postavitve in razstavljanja, piste in podporne strukture niti ne zajema dodatnih obremenitev zaradi postavljanja žerjavov na plavajočih in nagibnih podlagah. Ta evropski standard določa zahteve za vse bistvene nevarnosti, nevarne situacije in primere, ki se nanašajo na mostne in portalne (kozičaste) žerjave, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z namembnostjo in v okoliščinah, kot jih je predvidel proizvajalec (glej točko 4). Ta evropski standard ne zajema zahtev za dvigovanje oseb. Specifične nevarnosti zaradi potencialno eksplozivnih atmosfer, ioniziranega sevanja in delovanja v elektromagnetnih poljih zunaj področja EN 61000-6-2 niso zajeta v tem evropskem standardu. Ta evropski standard se uporablja za mostne in portalne (kozičaste) žerjave, ki so bili proizvedeni po datumu, ko je bil objavljen kot EN.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Krane - Brücken- und PortalkraneAppareils de levage à charge suspendue - Ponts roulants et portiquesCranes - Bridge and gantry cranes53.020.20DvigalaCranesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15011:2011SIST EN 15011:2011en,fr,de01-julij-2011SIST EN 15011:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15011:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15011
January 2011 ICS 53.020.20 English Version
Cranes - Bridge and gantry cranes
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Ponts roulants et portiques
Krane - Brücken- und Portalkrane This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 December 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15011:2011: ESIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .41Scope .52Normative references .53Terms and definitions .74List of significant hazards .85Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 145.1General . 145.2Requirements for strength and stability . 145.3Electrotechnical equipment . 285.4Non-electrotechnical equipment . 305.5Limiting and indicating devices . 365.6Man-machine interface . 395.7Equipment for warning . 426Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures . 436.1General . 436.2Types of verification . 446.3Fitness for purpose testing . 467Information for use . 487.1General . 487.2Operator’s manual . 497.3User’s manual . 497.4Marking of rated capacities . 51Annex A (informative)
Guidance for specifying the operating duty according to EN 13001-1 . 53Annex B (informative)
Guidance for specifying the classes P of average number of accelerations according to EN 13001-1 . 62Annex C (informative)
Calculation of dynamic coefficient φφφφh(t) . 63Annex D (normative)
Loads caused by skewing . 66Annex E (informative)
Calculation of stall load factor for indirect acting lifting force limiter . 73Annex F (informative)
Local stresses in wheel supporting flanges . 75Annex G (normative)
Noise test code . 80Annex H (informative)
Actions on crane supporting structures induced by cranes . 89Annex I (informative)
Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 91Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 92Bibliography . 93 SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15011:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means for bridge and gantry cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as mentioned in Annex ZA. As many of the hazards related to bridge and gantry cranes relate to their operating environment and use, it is assumed in the preparation of this European Standard that all the relevant information relating to the use and operating environment of the crane has been exchanged between the manufacturer and user (as recommended in ISO 9374, Parts 1 and 5), covering such issues as, for example: clearances; requirements concerning protection against hazardous environments; processed materials, such as potentially flammable or explosive material (e.g. coal, powder type materials). This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered, are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard applies to bridge and gantry cranes mounted in a fixed position or free to travel by wheels on rails, runways or roadway surfaces. This European Standard is not applicable to non-fixed load lifting attachments, erection and dismantling operations, runways and supporting structures nor does it cover additional loads due to the mounting of cranes on a floating or tilting base. This European Standard specifies requirements for all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to bridge and gantry cranes when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This European Standard does not include requirements for the lifting of persons. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard is applicable to bridge and gantry cranes manufactured after the date of its publication as an EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 81-43, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Special lifts for the transport of persons and goods — Part 43: Lifts for cranes EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 795, Protection against falls from a height — Anchor devices — Requirements and testing EN 894-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 894-2, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 2: Displays EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1993-6:2007, Eurocode 3 — Design of steel structures — Part 6: Crane supporting structures EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 12644-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load effects prEN 13001-3-1, Cranes — General Design — Part 3-1: Limit States and proof competence of steel structures SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 6 CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems EN 13135-1, Cranes — Equipment — Part 1: Electrotechnical equipment EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010, Cranes — Equipment — Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fixed load lifting attachments EN 13157, Cranes — Safety — Hand powered cranes EN 13557:2004, Cranes — Controls and control stations EN 13586:2004+A1:2008, Cranes — Access EN 14492-2, Cranes — Power driven winches and hoists — Part 2: Power driven hoists EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 11: Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V d.c. and not exceeding 36 kV (IEC 60204-11:2000) EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008) HD 60364-4-41, Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 4-41: Protection for safety — Protection against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, mod.) EN 60825-1, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
(IEC 60825-1:2007) EN 60947-5-5, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-5: Control circuit devices and switching elements — Electrical emergency stop device with mechanical latching function (IEC 60947-5-5:1997) EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010) EN ISO 4871, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 11201, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental corrections (ISO 11202:2010) EN ISO 11203:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound power level
(ISO 11203:1995) EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental corrections (ISO 11204:2010) EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 7 EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13857, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) ISO 2631-1, Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration —
Part 1: General requirements ISO 3864 (all parts), Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs ISO 6336-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors ISO 7752-5, Lifting appliances — Controls — Layout and characteristics — Part 5: Overhead travelling cranes and portal bridge cranes ISO 12488-1, Cranes — Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks — Part 1: General 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003,
EN ISO 3744:2010, EN ISO 11202:2010, EN ISO 11203:2009, EN ISO 11204:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 bridge crane crane, fixed or able to move along track(s) having at least one primarily horizontal girder and equipped with at least one hoisting mechanism NOTE Building structures, where hoists are mounted, are not regarded as bridge cranes. 3.2 gantry crane crane, fixed or able to move along track(s)/roadway surfaces having at least one primarily horizontal girder supported by at least one leg and equipped with at least one hoisting mechanism NOTE Building structures, where hoists are mounted, are not regarded as gantry cranes. 3.3 rated capacity mRC
maximum net load (the sum of the payload and non-fixed load-lifting attachment) that the crane is designed to lift for a given crane configuration and load location during normal operation 3.4 hoist load mH
sum of the masses of the load equal to the rated capacity, the fixed lifting attachment and the hoist medium 3.5 hoist medium part of the hoisting mechanism, either rope, belt or chain, by which the fixed load lifting attachment is suspended SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 8 3.6 underhung crane bridge crane suspended from the lower flange of the crane track 3.7 direct acting rated capacity limiter limiter acting directly in the chain of drive elements and limiting the transmitted force NOTE Those limiters can be, for example, friction torque limiters, pressure limiting valves. Directing acting rated capacity limiters generally have no response delay. 3.8 indirect acting capacity limiter limiter determining the transmitted force by measured signals and switching off the energy supply for the operation and, if required, triggering application of the brake torque 4 List of significant hazards Table 1 of this clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 9 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements No. Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 1 Mechanical hazards
1.1 Generated by machine parts or work pieces, e.g. by:
1.1.2 relative location 5.6.2 1.1.3 mass and stability 5.2 1.1.4 mass and velocity 5.2, 5.3.6, 5.4.4, 5.6.1 1.1.5 inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.2 1.2 Accumulation of energy inside the machinery, e.g. by:
1.2.2 fluids under pressure 5.4.1 1.3 Elementary forms of mechanical hazards
1.3.1 Crushing 5.1, 5.6.2, 7.2 1.3.2 Shearing 5.6.2.4 1.3.3 Cutting or severing
1.3.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard - moving transmission parts 5.6.2.5, 5.6.2.6 1.3.6 Impact 5.5.3.1, 7.2 1.3.9 High pressure fluid injection or ejection
hazard 7.3.3
2 Electrical hazards due to: 5.3 2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) 5.3.2, 5.3.3 2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) 5.1 2.3 Approach to live parts under high voltage 5.3 2.4 Electrostatic phenomena 5.3.1 2.5 Thermal radiation or other phenomena such as the projection of molten particles and chemical effects from short-circuits, overloads, etc. 5.1
SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 10 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No. Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 3 Thermal hazards, resulting in:
3.1 burns and scalds, by possible contact of persons with objects or materials with an extreme temperature, by flames, by radiation, etc. 5.4.8.1, 7.3.3 3.2 Hot or cold working environment 5.6.1
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing losses 5.6.4 4.2 Interference with speech communication, signals 5.6.4, 7.3.1
5 Hazards generated by vibration
5.2 Whole body vibration, particularly when combined with poor postures 5.2.2.6, 5.6.1
6 Radiation
6.0 External radiation See Introduction 6.5 Lasers 5.4.8.2
7 Processed materials and substances, used materials, fuels
7.1 Hazards from contact with harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts 5.4.8.4 See Introduction 7.2 Fire or explosion hazard 5.4.8.3 See Introduction
8 Neglected ergonomic principles in machine design, e.g. hazards from:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive efforts 5.6.1 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 5.6.1 8.3 Neglected use of personal protection equipment 7.3.3 8.4 Inadequate local lighting 5.6.3 8.6 Human errors, human behaviour 5.5.2 8.7 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls 5.3.5, 5.6.1 8.8 Inadequate design or location of visual display units 5.7
SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 11
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No. Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/over speed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/disorder of control systems 5.3.4 10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 5.3.5.3, 5.4.2 10.4 Other external influences (gravity, wind, etc.) 5.3.5.3, 5.3.6, 5.4.2, 5.5.2.2, 5.5.4 b) and c) 10.5 Errors in the software 5.3.4, 5.3.5.3, 5.4.2 10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abilities, see No. 8.6) 5.3.5.3, 5.4.2
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions 5.4.4.1, 5.4.5.1, 5.5.2.2 13 Failure of the power supply 5.3, 5.4.2 14 Failure of the control circuit 5.3, 5.6.1, 5.4.2 16 Break-up during operation 5.2, 5.4.3.6.1, 7.3.3 16.1 Thermal effect on the crane 5.3 17 Falling or ejected object or fluid 5.4.1, 7.3.3 18 Loss of stability / overturning of machinery 5.2.3 19 Slip, trip and falling of persons (related to machinery) 5.6.2 20 Relating to the travelling function
20.2 Movement without an operator at the driving position 5.3.5.3, 5.3.6, 5.6.1 20.4 Excessive speed of pedestrian controlled machinery 5.6.1 20.5 Excessive oscillations when moving 5.4.4.3, 5.5.4 e), 7.2 20.6 Insufficient ability of machinery to be slowed down, stopped and immobilized 5.4.3.6.1, 5.4.4, 5.5.2.2, 7.2 20.7 From derailment due to travelling 5.4.4.5
SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 12 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No. Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 21 Linked to the work position (including driving station) on the machine
21.1 Fall of persons during access to (or at/from) the work position 5.6.2 21.2 Exhaust gases / lack of oxygen at the work position 5.4.8.4.1 21.3 Fire (flammability of the cab, lack of extinguishing means) 5.4.8.3, 5.6.1 21.4 Mechanical hazards at the work position
- contact with the wheels - fall of objects, penetration by object - contact of persons with machine parts or tools (pedestrian control) 5.6.2.5, 5.6.1 21.5 Insufficient visibility from the working position 5.6.1 21.6 Inadequate lighting 5.6.3 21.7 Inadequate seating 5.6.1 21.8 Noise at the driving position 5.6.4 21.9 Vibration at the driving position 5.6.1 21.10 Insufficient means of evacuation/emergency exit 5.6.2, 5.4.8.3 22 Due to the control system 5.6.1 22.1 Inadequate location of controls /control devices 5.6.1 22.2 Inadequate design of the actuation mode and/or action mode of controls 5.6.1 23 From handling the machine (lack of stability) 5.4.4.3 25 From/to third persons
25.1 Unauthorized start-up/use
25.2 Drift of a part away from its stopping position 5.4.5.2 25.3 Lack or inadequacy of visual or acoustic warning means 5.7 26 Insufficient instructions for the driver / operator
26.1 Movement into prohibited area 5.5.3.1, 7.2 26.2 Tipping - Swinging 7.2 26.3 Collision: machines-machine 5.5.3.1, 5.5.3.3, 5.5.4 e), 7.2 26.4 Collision: machines-persons 5.5.3.1, 5.5.4 e), 7.2 26.5 Ground conditions 7.3.1 26.6 Supporting conditions 7.3.1 SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 13
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No. Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 27 Mechanical hazards and events
27.1 from load falls, collision, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 lack of stability 5.2.3, 5.4.8.5 27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading – overturning moment exceeded 5.2.1.5, 5.2.1.6, 5.4.3.1 to 5.4.3.4, 5.4.8.5, 5.5.1, 5.5.2.1, 5.5.4 a) 27.1.3 Uncontrolled amplitude of movements 5.5.3.3, 7.2 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.3.4, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.3.1, 5.6, 7.2 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices / accessories 5.4.1, 7.2 27.1.6 Collision of more than one machine 5.5.3.1, 5.5.3.3 27.1.7 Two-block of hook to hoist 5.4.3.1, 5.5.3.2 27.2 From access of persons to load support 7.2 27.3 From derailment 5.4.4.5, 5.4.4.6 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts Loss of mechanical strength, or inadequate mechanical strength 5.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.5.3, 5.4.6, 5.4.7, 7.3.3 27.5 From inadequate design of pulleys, drums 5.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.3.1 27.6 From inadequate selection/ integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.3.1, 5.4.3.6.2, 7.2 27.7 From lowering of the load by friction brake 5.4.1 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly / testing / use / maintenance 5.4.3.6.3, 5.5.4 d) 27.9 Load-person interference (impact by load) 5.6.1, 5.7, 7.2, 7.3.1
28 Electrical hazard
28.1 from lightning 7.3.3 29 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
29.1 insufficient visibility from the driving position 5.6.1, 5.6.3
SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 14 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Bridge and gantry cranes shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5. In addition, these cranes shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100-2 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this European Standard. Bridge and gantry cranes shall be in accordance with the following standards as amended by this European Standard: EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements; EN 13001-2, Cranes — General design — Part 2: Load effects; prEN 13001-3-1, Cranes — General Design — Part 3-1: Limit States and proof competence of steel structures; CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems; EN 13135-1, Cranes — Equipment — Part 1: Electrotechnical equipment; EN 13135-2, Cranes — Equipment — Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment; EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fixed load lifting attachments; EN 13157, Cranes — Safety — Hand powered cranes; EN 13557, Cranes — Controls and control stations; EN 12077-2, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices; EN 13586, Cranes — Access; EN 12644-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions; EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking; EN 60204-32, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008). The requirements of this European Standard are not applicable to power driven hoist units, designed in accordance with EN 14492-2, and incorporated in a bridge and gantry cranes. These hoist units shall be selected accordance to the principles depicted within A.4. 5.2 Requirements for strength and stability 5.2.1 Load actions 5.2.1.1 Selection of service conditions The service conditions that are selected and used as the basis of design, in accordance with EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2, shall be specified in the technical file of the crane. SIST EN 15011:2011
EN 15011:2011 (E) 15 For cranes located outdoors, the recurrence period according to EN 13001-2 for out of service wind shall be not less than: 25 years for cranes located in coastal areas; 10 years for cranes located inland; 5 years for indoor cranes which may occasionally work and/or be parked outdoors. NOTE Guidance for specifying the operation duty is given in Annex A. For information needed for the derivation of classification parameters see also ISO 9374-5. 5.2.1.2 Selection of loads and load combinations The basic load combinations for the load calculation shall be selected in accordance with
EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, Table 10. Where cranes work in atmospheres contaminated by process debris, such material accumulations deposited upon the upper surfaces of the crane shall be taken into account in the dead load computation. 5.2.1.3 Determination of dynamic factors 5.2.1.3.1 Hoisting and gravity effects acting on the mass of the crane The masses of the crane shall be multiplied with factor φ1 = 1 + δ when calculating the stresses in load combinations in accordance
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Dvigala (žerjavi) - Mostni in portalni žerjaviKrane - Brücken- und PortalkraneAppareils de levage à charge suspendue - Ponts roulants et portiquesCranes - Bridge and gantry cranes53.020.20DvigalaCranesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:FprEN 15011kSIST FprEN 15011:2010en,fr,de01-oktober-2010kSIST FprEN 15011:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
FINAL DRAFT
FprEN 15011
June 2010 ICS 53.020.20 English Version
Cranes - Bridge and gantry cranes
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Ponts roulants et portiques
Krane - Brücken- und Portalkrane This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 147.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. FprEN 15011:2010: EkSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .41Scope .52Normative references .53Terms and definitions .74List of significant hazards .85Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 145.1General . 145.2Requirements for strength and stability . 145.3Electrotechnical equipment . 285.4Non-electrotechnical equipment . 305.5Limiting and indicating devices . 365.6Man-machine interface . 395.7Equipment for warning . 426Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures . 436.1General . 436.2Types of verification . 436.3Fitness for purpose testing . 457Information for use . 477.1General . 477.2Operator’s manual . 487.3User’s manual . 487.4Marking of rated capacities . 50Annex A (informative)
Guidance for specifying the operating duty according to EN 13001-1 . 52Annex B (informative)
Guidance for specifying the classes P of average number of accelerations according to EN 13001-1 . 61Annex C (informative)
Calculation of dynamic coefficient φφφφh(t) . 62Annex D (normative)
Loads caused by skewing . 65Annex E (informative)
Calculation of stall load factor for indirect acting lifting force limiter . 73Annex F (informative)
Local stresses in wheel supporting flanges . 75Annex G (normative)
Noise test code . 80Annex H (informative)
Actions on crane supporting structures induced by cranes . 89Annex I (informative)
Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 91Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 92Bibliography . 93 kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (FprEN 15011:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means for bridge and gantry cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as mentioned in Annex ZA. As many of the hazards related to bridge and gantry cranes relate to their operating environment and use, it is assumed in the preparation of this European Standard that all the relevant information relating to the use and operating environment of the crane has been exchanged between the manufacturer and user (as recommended in ISO 9374, Parts 1 and 5), covering such issues as, for example: clearances; requirements concerning protection against hazardous environments; processed materials, such as potentially flammable or explosive material (e.g. coal, powder type materials). This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard applies to bridge and gantry cranes mounted in a fixed position or free to travel by wheels on rails, runways or roadway surfaces. This European Standard is not applicable to non-fixed load lifting attachments, erection and dismantling operations, runways and supporting structures nor does it cover additional loads due to the mounting of cranes on a floating or tilting base. This European Standard specifies requirements for all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to bridge and gantry cranes when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This European Standard does not include requirements for the lifting of persons. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard is applicable to bridge and gantry cranes manufactured after the date of its publication as an EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN 81-43, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Special lifts for the transport of persons and goods — Part 43: Lifts for cranes EN ISO 13857, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 795, Protection against falls from a height — Anchor devices — Requirements and testing EN 894-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 894-2, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 2: Displays EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1993-6:2007, Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures — Part 6: Crane supporting structures EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1:2009) EN 12077-2:1998, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 6 EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 12644-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2:2004, Cranes — General design — Part 2: Load effects prEN 13001-3-11), Cranes — General design — Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel structures CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems EN 13135-1:2003, Cranes — Safety — Design — Requirements for equipment — Part 1: Electrotechnical equipment EN 13135-2:2004, Cranes — Equipment — Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fixed load lifting attachments EN 13157, Cranes — Safety — Hand powered cranes EN 13557:2004, Cranes — Controls and control stations EN 13586:2004, Cranes — Access EN 14492-2, Cranes — Power driven winches and hoists — Part 2: Power driven hoists EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 11: Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V d.c. and not exceeding 36 kV (IEC 60204-11:2000) EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008) EN 60825-1, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
(IEC 60825-1:2007) EN 60947-5-5, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-5: Control circuit devices and switching elements — Electrical emergency stop device with mechanical latching function (IEC 60947-5-5:1997) EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 3744:2009, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994) EN ISO 4871, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
1) To be published. kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 7 EN ISO 11201, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995, including Cor 1:1997) EN ISO 11202:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Survey method in situ
(ISO 11202:1995) EN ISO 11203:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound power level
(ISO 11203:1995) EN ISO 11204:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Method requiring environmental corrections (ISO 11204:1995, including Cor 1:1997) EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) ISO 2631-1, Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration —
Part 1: General requirements ISO 3864, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs ISO 6336-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors ISO 7752-5, Lifting appliances — Controls — Layout and characteristics — Part 5: Overhead travelling cranes and portal bridge cranes ISO 12488-1, Cranes — Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks — Part 1: General IEC 60364-4-41, Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 4-41: Protection for safety — Protection against electric shock 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003,
EN ISO 3744:2009, EN ISO 11202:2009, EN ISO 11203:2009, EN ISO 11204:2009 and the following apply. 3.1 bridge crane crane, fixed or able to move along track(s) having at least one primarily horizontal girder and equipped with at least one hoisting mechanism NOTE Building structures, where hoists are mounted, are not regarded as cranes. 3.2 gantry crane crane, fixed or able to move along track(s)/roadway surfaces having at least one primarily horizontal girder supported by at least one leg and equipped with at least one hoisting mechanism NOTE Building structures, where hoists are mounted, are not regarded as cranes. kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 8 3.3 rated capacity mRC
maximum net load (the sum of the payload and non-fixed load-lifting attachment) that the crane is designed to lift for a given crane configuration and load location during normal operation 3.4 hoist load mH
sum of the masses of the load equal to the rated capacity, the fixed lifting attachment and the hoist medium 3.5 hoist medium part of the hoisting mechanism, either rope, belt or chain, by which the fixed load lifting attachment is suspended 3.6 underhung crane bridge crane suspended from the lower flange of the crane track 3.7 direct acting rated capacity limiter direct acting capacity limiters act directly in the chain of drive elements and limit the transmitted force NOTE Those limiters can be, for example, friction torque limiters, pressure limiting valves. Directing acting rated capacity limiters generally have no response delay. 3.8 indirect acting capacity limiter indirect acting rated capacity limiters determine the transmitted force by measured signals and switch off the energy supply for the operation and, if required, apply the brake torque 4 List of significant hazards Table 1 of this clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 9 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements No.
Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1997) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 1 Mechanical hazards
1.1 Generated by machine parts or work pieces, e.g. by:
1.1.2 relative location 5.6.2 1.1.3 mass and stability 5.2 1.1.4 mass and velocity 5.2, 5.3.6, 5.4.4, 5.6.1 1.1.5 inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.2 1.2 Accumulation of energy inside the machinery, e.g. by:
1.2.2 fluids under pressure 5.4.1 1.3 Elementary forms of mechanical hazards
1.3.1 Crushing 5.1, 5.6.2, 7.2 1.3.2 Shearing 5.6.2.4 1.3.3 Cutting or severing
1.3.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard - moving transmission parts 5.6.2.5, 5.6.2.6 1.3.6 Impact 5.5.3.1, 7.2 1.3.9 High pressure fluid injection or ejection
hazard 7.3.3
2 Electrical hazards due to: 5.3 2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) 5.3.2, 5.3.3 2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) 5.1 2.3 Approach to live parts under high voltage 5.3 2.4 Electrostatic phenomena 5.3.1 2.5 Thermal radiation or other phenomena such as the projection of molten particles and chemical effects from short-circuits, overloads, etc. 5.1
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FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 10 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No.
Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1997) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 3 Thermal hazards, resulting in:
3.1 burns and scalds, by possible contact of persons with objects or materials with an extreme temperature, by flames, by radiation, etc. 5.4.8.1, 7.3.3 3.2 Hot or cold working environment 5.6.1
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing losses 5.6.4 4.2 Interference with speech communication, signals 5.6.4, 7.3.1
5 Hazards generated by vibration
5.2 Whole body vibration, particularly when combined with poor postures 5.2.2.6, 5.6.1
6 Radiation
6.0 External radiation See Introduction 6.5 Lasers 5.4.8.2
7 Processed materials and substances, used materials, fuels
7.1 Hazards from contact with harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts 5.4.8.4 See Introduction 7.2 Fire or explosion hazard 5.4.8.3 See Introduction
8 Neglected ergonomic principles in machine design
e.g. hazards from:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive efforts 5.6.1 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 5.6.1 8.3 Neglected use of personal protection equipment 7.3.3 8.4 Inadequate local lighting 5.6.3 8.6 Human errors, human behaviour 5.5.2 8.7 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls 5.3.5, 5.6.1 8.8 Inadequate design or location of visual display units 5.7
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FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 11
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No.
Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1997) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/over speed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/ disorder of control systems 5.3.4 10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 5.3.5.3, 5.4.2 10.4 Other external influences (gravity, wind, etc.) 5.3.5.3, 5.3.6, 5.4.2, 5.5.2.2, 5.5.4 b) and c) 10.5 Errors in the software 5.3.4, 5.3.5.3, 5.4.2 10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abilities, see No. 8.6) 5.3.5.3, 5.4.2
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions 5.4.4.1, 5.4.5.1, 5.5.2.2 13 Failure of the power supply 5.3, 5.4.2 14 Failure of the control circuit 5.3, 5.6.1, 5.4.2 16 Break-up during operation 5.2, 5.4.3.6.1, 7.3.3 16.1 Thermal effect on the crane 5.3 17 Falling or ejected object. or fluid 5.4.1, 7.3.3 18 Loss of stability / overturning of machinery 5.2.3 19 Slip, trip and falling of persons (related to machinery) 5.6.2 20 Relating to the travelling function
20.2 Movement without an operator at the driving position 5.3.5.3, 5.3.6, 5.6.1 20.4 Excessive speed of pedestrian controlled machinery 5.6.1 20.5 Excessive oscillations when moving 5.4.4.3, 5.5.4 e) 7.2 20.6 Insufficient ability of machinery to be slowed down, stopped and immobilized 5.4.3.6.1, 5.4.4, 5.5.2.2, 7.2 20.7 From derailment due to travelling 5.4.4.5
kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 12 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No.
Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1997) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 21 Linked to the work position (including driving station) on the machine
21.1 Fall of persons during access to (or at/from) the work position 5.6.2 21.2 Exhaust gases / lack of oxygen at the work position 5.4.8.4.1 21.3 Fire (flammability of the cab, lack of extinguishing means) 5.4.8.3, 5.6.1 21.4 Mechanical hazards at the work position
- contact with the wheels - fall of objects, penetration by object - contact of persons with machine parts or tools (pedestrian control) 5.6.2.5, 5.6.1 21.5 Insufficient visibility from the working position 5.6.1 21.6 Inadequate lighting 5.6.3 21.7 Inadequate seating 5.6.1 21.8 Noise at the driving position 5.6.4 21.9 Vibration at the driving position 5.6.1 21.10 Insufficient means of evacuation/emergency exit 5.6.2, 5.4.8.3 22 Due to the control system 5.6.1 22.1 Inadequate location of controls /control devices 5.6.1 22.2 Inadequate design of the actuation mode and/or action mode of controls 5.6.1 23 From handling the machine (lack of stability) 5.4.4.3 25 From/to third persons
25.1 Unauthorized start-up/use
25.2 Drift of a part away from its stopping position 5.4.5.2 25.3 Lack or inadequacy of visual or acoustic warning means 5.7 26 Insufficient instructions for the driver / operator
26.1 Movement into prohibited area 5.5.3.1, 7.2 26.2 Tipping - Swinging 7.2 26.3 Collision: machines-machine 5.5.3.1, 5.5.3.3, 5.5.4 e), 7.2 26.4 Collision: machines-persons 5.5.3.1, 5.5.4 e), 7.2 26.5 Ground conditions 7.3.1 26.6 Supporting conditions 7.3.1 kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 13
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No.
Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1997) Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 27 Mechanical hazards and events
27.1 from load falls, collision, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 lack of stability 5.2.3, 5.4.8.5 27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading -overloading – overturning moment exceeded 5.2.1.5, 5.2.1.6, 5.4.3.1 to 5.4.3.4, 5.4.8.5, 5.5.1, 5.5.2.1, 5.5.4 a) 27.1.3 Uncontrolled amplitude of movements 5.5.3.3, 7.2 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.3.4, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.3.1, 5.6, 7.2 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices / accessories 5.4.1, 7.2 27.1.6 Collision of more than one machine 5.5.3.1, 5.5.3.3 27.1.7 Two-block of hook to hoist 5.4.3.1, 5.5.3.2 27.2 From access of persons to load support 7.2 27.3 From derailment 5.4.4.5, 5.4.4.6 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts Loss of mechanical strength, or inadequate mechanical strength 5.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.5.3, 5.4.6, 5.4.7, 7.3.3 27.5 From inadequate design of pulleys, drums 5.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.3.1 27.6 From inadequate selection/ integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.3.1, 5.4.3.6.2, 7.2 27.7 From lowering of the load by friction brake 5.4.1 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/ testing/ use/ maintenance 5.4.3.6.3, 5.5.4 d) 27.9 Load-person interference (impact by load) 5.6.1, 5.7, 7.2, 7.3.1
28 Electrical hazard
28.1 from lightning 7.3.3 29 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
29.1 insufficient visibility from the driving position 5.6.1, 5.6.3
kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 14 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Bridge and gantry cranes shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5. In addition, these cranes shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100-2 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this European Standard. Bridge and gantry cranes shall be in accordance with the following standards as amended by this European Standard: EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements; EN 13001-2, Cranes — General design — Part 2: Load effects; prEN 13001-3-1, Cranes — General design — Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel structures; CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems; EN 13135-1, Cranes — Safety — Design — Requirements for equipment — Part 1: Electrotechnical equipment; EN 13135-2, Cranes — Equipment — Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment; EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fixed load lifting attachments; EN 13157, Cranes — Hand powered cranes; EN 13557, Cranes — Controls and control stations; EN 12077-2, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices; EN 13586, Cranes — Access; EN 12644-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions; EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking; EN 60204-32, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008). The requirements of this European Standard are not applicable to power driven hoist units, designed in accordance with EN 14992-2, and incorporated in a bridge and gantry cranes. These hoist units shall be selected accordance to the principles depicted within A.4. 5.2 Requirements for strength and stability 5.2.1 Load actions 5.2.1.1 Selection of service conditions The service conditions that are selected and used as the basis of design, in accordance with EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2, shall be specified in the technical file of the crane. kSIST FprEN 15011:2010
FprEN 15011:2010 (E) 15 For cranes located outdoors, the recurrence period according to EN 13001-2 for out of service wind shall be not less than 25 years for cranes located in coastal areas; 10 years for cranes located inland; 5 years for indoor cranes which may occasionally work and/or be parked outdoors. NOTE Guidance for specifying the operation duty is given in Annex A. For information needed for the derivation of classification parameters see also ISO 9374-5. 5.2.1.2 Selection of loads and load combinations The basic load combinations for the load calculation shall be selected in accordance with EN 13001-2:2004, Table 10. Where cranes work in atmospheres contaminated by process debris, such material accumulations deposited upon the upper surfaces of the crane shall be taken into account in the dead load computation. 5.2.1.3 Determination of dynamic factors 5.2.1.3.1 Hoisting and gravity effects acting on the mass of the crane The masses of the crane shall be multiplied with factor φ1 = 1 + δ when calculating the stresses in load combinations in accordance with EN 13001-2. For cranes belonging to the mass distribution class MDC1 δ = 0,1 and φ1 = 1,10. For cranes belonging to the mass distribution class MDC2, which have both favourable and unfavourable effects, the dynamic factor shal
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