SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
(Main)Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems (ISO 21457:2010)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems (ISO 21457:2010)
This International Standard identifies the corrosion mechanisms and parameters for evaluation when performing selection of materials for pipelines, piping and equipment related to transport and processing of hydrocarbon production, including utility and injection systems. This includes all equipment from and including the well head, to and including pipelines for stabilized products. This International Standard is not applicable to downhole components. Guidance is given for the following: - corrosion evaluations; - materials selection for specific applications, or systems, or both; - performance limitations for specific materials; - corrosion control. This International Standard refers to materials that are generally available, with properties that are known and documented. It also allows other materials to be evaluated and qualified for use. This International Standard does not provide detailed material requirements or guidelines for manufacturing and testing of equipment. Such information can be found in particular product and manufacturing standards.
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffauswahl und Korrosionsschutzmaßnahmen für Öl- und Gasproduktionssysteme (ISO 21457:2010)
Diese Internationale Norm gibt die Korrosionsmechanismen und Bewertungsparameter für die Auswahl der
Werkstoffe von Rohrleitungen, Rohren und Ausrüstungen für den Transport und die Verarbeitung von
Kohlenwasserstoffen an, einschließlich Versorgungs- und Einleitungssystemen. Dies umfasst sämtliche
Ausrüstungen vom Bohrlochkopf bis hin zur Rohrleitung für stabilisierte Produkte. Diese Internationale Norm
gilt nicht für Bauteile innerhalb des Bohrloches.
Angegeben sind Leitlinien für:
⎯ Korrosionsbewertungen;
⎯ Werkstoffauswahl für spezifische Anwendungen und/oder Systeme;
⎯ Leistungsgrenzen für spezifische Werkstoffe;
⎯ Korrosionsprüfung.
Diese Internationale Norm bezieht sich auf allgemein verfügbare Werkstoffe mit bekannten und dokumentierten
Eigenschaften. Sie ermöglicht darüber hinaus die Bewertung und Zulassung anderer Werkstoffe für
den Gebrauch.
Diese Internationale Norm enthält keine ausführlichen Werkstoffanforderungen oder Empfehlungen für die
Herstellung und Prüfung von Ausrüstung. Derartige Angaben sind speziellen Produkt- und Herstellungsnormen
zu entnehmen.
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Choix de matériaux et contrôle de corrosion pour les systèmes de production de pétrole et de gaz (ISO 21457:2010)
L'ISO 21457:2010 identifie les mécanismes et paramètres de corrosion à prendre en compte pour l'évaluation au moment de la sélection des matériaux pour les conduites, tuyauteries et équipements relatifs au transport et au traitement de la production d'hydrocarbures, y compris les systèmes auxiliaires et les systèmes d'injection. Sont également compris tous les équipements allant de la tête du puits, incluse, aux conduites, inclus, pour les produits stabilisés. L'ISO 21457:2010 ne s'applique pas aux composants de fond.
Des lignes directrices sont fournies pour
l'évaluation de la corrosion,
la sélection des matériaux pour des applications et/ou des systèmes spécifiques,
les limitations de performance pour des matériaux spécifiques,
le contrôle de la corrosion.
L'ISO 21457:2010 se réfère à des matériaux habituellement présents sur le marché, dotés de propriétés connues et documentées. Elle autorise également l'évaluation d'autres matériaux pour les qualifier à des fins d'utilisation.
L'ISO 21457:2010 ne fournit ni exigence ni ligne directrice détaillée relative à des matériaux utilisés dans la fabrication et les essais des équipements. Ce type d'information peut être trouvé dans les normes relatives à un produit en particulier ainsi que dans les normes de fabrication.
Petrokemična industrija ter industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Izbira materialov in korozijska kontrola v sistemih za proizvodnjo olja in plina (ISO 21457:2010)
Ta mednarodni standard določa mehanizme korozije in parametre za ocenjevanje pri izboru materialov za cevovode, cevi in opremo, ki se nanaša na prevoz in obdelavo ogljikovodika, vključno z uporabnostjo in sistemi vbrizgavanja. To vključuje vso opremo v zvezi z glavo jaška in cevovode za stabilizirane izdelke. Ta mednarodni standard ne velja za dele za globoko vrtanje. Navedena so navodila za naslednje: – ocene korozije; izbira materialov za posebno uporabo oziroma sisteme ali oboje; – omejitve učinkovitosti delovanja za specifične materiale; – korozijska kontrola. Ta mednarodni standard se nanaša na materiale, ki so splošno razpoložljivi ter imajo znane in dokumentirane lastnosti. Prav tako omogoča, da se za uporabo ocenijo in uveljavijo drugi materiali. Ta mednarodni standard ne zagotavlja podrobnih materialnih zahtev ali navodil za izdelavo in preskušanje opreme. Te informacije so navedene v posebnih standardih za izdelke in izdelavo.
General Information
Related Packages
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
01-november-2012
3HWURNHPLþQDLQGXVWULMDWHULQGXVWULMD]DSUHGHODYRQDIWHLQ]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD
,]ELUDPDWHULDORYLQNRUR]LMVNDNRQWURODYVLVWHPLK]DSURL]YRGQMRROMDLQSOLQD ,62
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Materials selection and corrosion
control for oil and gas production systems (ISO 21457:2010)
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffauswahl und
Korrosionsschutzmaßnahmen für Öl- und Gasproduktionssysteme (ISO 21457:2010)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Choix de matériaux et contrôle
de corrosion pour les systèmes de production de pétrole et de gaz (ISO 21457:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 21457:2010
ICS:
75.180.10 Oprema za raziskovanje in Exploratory and extraction
odkopavanje equipment
SIST EN ISO 21457:2012 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 21457
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2010
ICS 75.180.01
English Version
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Materials
selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production
systems (ISO 21457:2010)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie -
Choix des matériaux et contrôle de la corrosion pour les Werkstoffauswahl und Korrosionsprüfung für Öl- und
systèmes de production de pétrole et de gaz (ISO Gasproduktionssysteme (ISO 21457:2010)
21457:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 September 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 21457:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
EN ISO 21457:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
EN ISO 21457:2010 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 21457:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials,
equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” in collaboration
with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum,
petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2011.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 21457:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 21457:2010 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21457
First edition
2010-09-01
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries — Materials selection and
corrosion control for oil and gas
production systems
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Choix des
matériaux et contrôle de la corrosion pour les systèmes de production
de pétrole et de gaz
Reference number
ISO 21457:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms.2
3.1 Terms and definitions .2
3.2 Abbreviated terms .5
4 Design information for materials selection .6
5 Materials selection report.7
6 General guidelines for corrosion evaluations and materials selection.7
6.1 General .7
6.2 Internal corrosion in oil and gas production and processing .8
6.3 Internal corrosion in injection systems .12
6.4 Internal corrosion in utility systems.12
6.5 Sand erosion.13
6.6 External corrosion.13
6.7 Polymeric materials.15
6.8 Glass-fibre-reinforced plastic .15
6.9 Mechanical properties and material usage limitations.15
7 Materials selection for specific applications and systems.16
7.1 General .16
7.2 Oil and gas production and processing systems .17
7.3 Injection systems .19
7.4 Utility systems .20
7.5 Pipelines and flowlines.24
8 Corrosion control .25
8.1 Chemical treatment .25
8.2 Internal corrosion allowance.26
8.3 Selection of internal and external coatings.27
8.4 External splash zone protection .27
8.5 Cathodic protection.27
8.6 Corrosion protection of closed compartments.28
8.7 Connection of dissimilar materials.28
8.8 Sealing materials .29
8.9 Fasteners.29
8.10 Weld overlay .30
8.11 Preferential weld corrosion .30
8.12 Corrosion management .30
Annex A (informative) Design basis for hydrocarbon systems .31
Annex B (informative) Corrosion monitoring.33
Annex C (informative) Chemical composition of some typical oilfield alloys .34
Bibliography.38
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 21457 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
Introduction
The provision of well-established and robust material selection guidelines offers a means of satisfying
long-term materials performance that meet the minimum requirements for a broad range of end users in the
petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. An additional benefit can be to enable product suppliers
to develop, manufacture and provide off-the-shelf equipment that meets these requirements.
Oil and gas production projects benefit from a structured evaluation of materials used for the different fluids
being handled. Therefore, the main objective of this International Standard is to provide general requirements
with guidelines for the selection of materials for systems and components, with due consideration to the
transported fluids and the external environment.
It is the end user's responsibility to provide a project document with respect to implementation of the
requirements and guidelines of this International Standard, and to specify the design conditions for material
selection. In addition to the end user, the organization responsible for the facility or for the equipment design,
or for both, is regarded as responsible for materials selection.
This International Standard is developed to provide responsible parties with a structured process to carry out
materials selection in a consistent manner as a part of the engineering work, based upon a design basis for a
particular installation. This International Standard is intended for use by oil companies and engineering
contractors.
Users of this International Standard are advised that further or differing requirements might be needed for
individual applications. This International Standard is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the
purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This
can be particularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an alternative is
offered, it is advisable that the vendor identify any variations from this International Standard and provide
details.
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21457:2010(E)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas
production systems
1 Scope
This International Standard identifies the corrosion mechanisms and parameters for evaluation when
performing selection of materials for pipelines, piping and equipment related to transport and processing of
hydrocarbon production, including utility and injection systems. This includes all equipment from and including
the well head, to and including pipelines for stabilized products. This International Standard is not applicable
to downhole components.
Guidance is given for the following:
⎯ corrosion evaluations;
⎯ materials selection for specific applications, or systems, or both;
⎯ performance limitations for specific materials;
⎯ corrosion control.
This International Standard refers to materials that are generally available, with properties that are known and
documented. It also allows other materials to be evaluated and qualified for use.
This International Standard does not provide detailed material requirements or guidelines for manufacturing
and testing of equipment. Such information can be found in particular product and manufacturing standards.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
ISO 15156-1 , Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H S-containing environments in
2
oil and gas production — Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials
1)
ISO 15156-2 , Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H S-containing environments in
2
oil and gas production — Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
1)
ISO 15156-3 , Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H S-containing environments in
2
oil and gas production — Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys
1) ISO 15156 (all parts) has been adopted by NACE as NACE MR0175/ISO 15156.
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
aquifer water
water from an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock or unconsolidated materials
3.1.2
carbon steel
alloy of carbon and iron containing up to 2 % mass fraction carbon and up to 1,65 % mass fraction
manganese and residual quantities of other elements, except those intentionally added in specific quantities
for deoxidation (usually silicon and/or aluminium)
NOTE Carbon steels used in the petroleum industry usually contain less than 0,8 % mass fraction carbon.
[ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.3]
3.1.3
corrosion-resistant alloy
alloy intended to be resistant to general and localized corrosion by oilfield environments that are corrosive to
carbon steels
NOTE This definition is in accordance with ISO 15156-1 and is intended to include materials such as stainless steel
with minimum 11,5 % (mass fraction) Cr, and nickel, cobalt and titanium base alloys. Other ISO standards can have other
definitions.
3.1.4
end user
owner or organization that is responsible for operation of an installation/facility
3.1.5
free-machining steel
steel composition to which elements such as sulfur, selenium or lead have been intentionally added to
improve machinability
3.1.6
fugacity
non-ideal partial pressure that a component in a mixture exerts in the vapour phase when in equilibrium with
the liquid mixture
NOTE The fugacity factor depends on the temperature and the total pressure.
3.1.7
glass-fibre-reinforced plastic
composite material made of thermosetting resin and reinforced with glass fibres
3.1.8
hydrogen-induced cracking
HIC
planar cracking that occurs in carbon and low alloy steels when atomic hydrogen diffuses into the steel and
then combines to form molecular hydrogen at trap sites
2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
NOTE Cracking results from the pressurization of trap sites by hydrogen. No externally applied stress is needed for
the formation of hydrogen-induced cracks. Trap sites capable of causing HIC are commonly found in steels with high
impurity levels that have a high density of planar inclusions and/or regions of anomalous microstructure (e.g. banding)
produced by segregation of impurity and alloying elements in the steel. This form of hydrogen-induced cracking is not
related to welding.
[ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.12]
3.1.9
hydrogen stress cracking
HSC
cracking that results from the presence of hydrogen in a metal and tensile stress (residual and/or applied)
NOTE HSC describes cracking in metals that are not sensitive to SSC but which can be embrittled by hydrogen when
galvanically coupled, as the cathode, to another metal that is corroding actively as an anode. The term “galvanically
induced HSC” has been used for this mechanism of cracking.
[ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.13]
3.1.10
liquid metal embrittlement
form of cracking caused by certain liquid metals coming into contact with specific alloys
3.1.11
low alloy steel
steels containing a total alloying element content of less than 5 % mass fraction, but more than that specified
for carbon steel
[20]
EXAMPLE AISI 4130; AISI 8630; ASTM A182 Grade F22 .
3.1.12
manufacturer
firm, company or corporation responsible for making a product in accordance with the requirements of the
order, or with the properties specified in the referenced product specification, or both
3.1.13
marine atmosphere
atmosphere over and near the sea
NOTE A marine atmosphere will extend a certain distance inland, depending on topography and prevailing wind
direction. It is heavily polluted with sea-salt aerosols (mainly chlorides).
[ISO 12944-2:1998, definition 3.7.4]
3.1.14
maximum operating temperature
maximum temperature to which a component is subjected, including during deviations from normal operations,
such as start-up/shutdown
3.1.15
onshore
inland area with a non-chloride-containing atmosphere
3.1.16
operating temperature
temperature to which a component is subjected during normal operation
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
3.1.17
pH stabilization
increasing the bulk pH by addition of a suitable chemical to reduce CO corrosion in hydrocarbon systems
2
with condensing water
3.1.18
pitting resistance equivalent number
PREN
F
PREN
number, developed to reflect and predict the pitting resistance of a stainless steel, based upon the proportions
of Cr, Mo, W and N in the chemical composition of the alloy
NOTE 1 For the purposes of this International Standard, F is calculated from Equation (1):
PREN
F = w + 3,3(w + 0,5w ) + 16w (1)
PREN Cr Mo W N
where
w is the percent (mass fraction) of chromium in the alloy;
Cr
w is the percent (mass fraction) of molybdenum in the alloy;
Mo
w is the percent (mass fraction) of tungsten in the alloy;
W
w is the percent (mass fraction) of nitrogen in the alloy.
N
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 15156-3:2009, definition 3.10, and ISO 15156-3:2009, 6.3.
3.1.19
type 13Cr
martensitic stainless steel alloys with nominal 13 % Cr mass fraction alloying
EXAMPLE UNS S41000; UNS S41500.
3.1.20
type 316
austenitic stainless steel alloys of type UNS S31600/S31603
3.1.21
type 6Mo
austenitic stainless steel alloys with PREN W 40 and a nominal Mo alloying content of 6 % mass fraction, and
nickel alloys with Mo content in the range 6 % to 8 % mass fraction
EXAMPLE UNS S31254; UNS N08367; UNS N08926.
3.1.22
type 22Cr duplex
ferritic/austenitic stainless steel alloys with 30 u PREN u 40 and Mo u 2,0 % mass fraction
EXAMPLE UNS S31803; UNS S32205.
3.1.23
type 25Cr duplex
ferritic/austenitic stainless steel alloys with 40 u PREN u 45
EXAMPLE UNS S32750; UNS S32760.
4 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
3.1.24
stress corrosion cracking
SCC
cracking of metal involving anodic processes of localized corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied)
NOTE 1 Parameters that influence the susceptibility to SCC are temperature, pH, chlorides, dissolved oxygen, H S
2
and CO .
2
NOTE 2 The above definition differs from that of the same term given in ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.21, since it
includes external environments.
3.1.25
sulfide stress cracking
SSC
cracking of metal involving corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) in the presence of water and
H S
2
NOTE SSC is a form of hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) and involves embrittlement of the metal by atomic hydrogen
that is produced by acid corrosion on the metal surface. Hydrogen uptake is promoted in the presence of sulfides. The
atomic hydrogen can diffuse into the metal, reduce ductility and increase susceptibility to cracking. High strength metallic
materials and hard weld zones are prone to SSC.
[ISO 15156-1:2009, definition 3.23]
3.2 Abbreviated terms
AFFF aqueous film-forming foams
API American Petroleum Institute
ASCC alkaline stress corrosion cracking
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
CP cathodic protection
CRA corrosion-resistant alloy
CUI corrosion under insulation
GRP glass-fibre-reinforced plastic
HAZ heat-affected zone
HB Brinell hardness
HDG hot-dip galvanized
HIC hydrogen-induced cracking
HRC Rockwell hardness C scale
HSC hydrogen stress cracking
HVAC heating-ventilation-air conditioning
MEG monoethylene glycol
MIC microbiologically induced corrosion
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 5
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
PE polyethylene
PP polypropylene
PREN pitting resistance equivalent number
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
PVC polyvinyl chloride
SCC stress corrosion cracking
SMYS specified minimum yield strength
SS stainless steel
SSC sulfide stress cracking
SWC step-wise cracking
TEG triethylene glycol
UNS unified numbering system (for alloys)
4 Design information for materials selection
This International Standard provides guidelines for material selection for oil and gas production facilities. To
enable the contractor to perform the material selections for the facility, the end user should as a minimum
provide the information specified in Table 1 at the time of enquiry and contract.
Table 1 — Design information for materials selection
Information to be provided Subclause
Project design basis, ref. Annex A 6.1
Corrosion-prediction model 6.2.1 and 6.2.2.2
Future changes in reservoir H S- content 6.2.2.4
2
Methodology or model for pH calculation of produced water 6.2.3.2
Formation water analysis 6.2.3.2
Content of mercury in production fluids or gas 6.2.3.8
The oxygen content in de-aerated seawater for injection 6.3
Erosion-prediction model 6.5
Temperature limitations for use of stainless steels in marine atmosphere 6.6.2, Table 3
[21]
Compliance with DNV-RP-F112 for duplex stainless steel exposed to cathodic protection 6.6.4
Limitations in mechanical properties and use of materials 6.9
Temperature limitations for non-metallic materials 7.4.2, Table 9
Environmental requirements regarding use of corrosion inhibitors 8.1
Model for inhibitor evacuation, corrosion inhibition test methods and acceptance criteria 8.1
Use of external coatings to increase maximum temperature for stainless steel (SS) 8.3
Applicable standard for cathodic protection (CP) design to be defined 8.5.1
Strength and hardness limitation of fasteners in marine atmosphere 8.9
6 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 21457:2012
ISO 21457:2010(E)
5 Materials selection report
Corrosion evaluations and materials selection should be documented in a report for further use by
...
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