SIST EN 16247-1:2022
(Main)Energy audits - Part 1: General requirements
Energy audits - Part 1: General requirements
This document specifies the requirements, common methodology and deliverables for energy audits. It applies to all forms of establishments and organizations, all forms of energy and uses of energy. This document covers the general requirements common to all energy audits. Specific energy audit requirements complete the general requirements in separate parts dedicated to energy audits for buildings, industrial processes and transport.
Energieaudits - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen, allgemeinen Methoden und Ergebnisse von Energieaudits fest. Es ist anwendbar auf alle Formen von Anlagen und Organisationen, sämtliche Energieformen und Energieeinsätze. In diesem Dokument werden die allgemeinen Anforderungen behandelt, die für sämtliche Energieaudits gelten. Die allgemeinen Anforderungen werden durch spezielle Anforderungen an Energieaudits in separaten Teilen für Gebäude, Industrieprozesse und Transport ergänzt.
Audits énergétiques - Partie 1: Exigences générales
Le présent document spécifie les exigences, la méthodologie habituelle et les livrables d’un audit énergétique. Il s’applique à tous les types d’établissements et d’organismes, à toutes les formes d’énergie et à tous les usages énergétiques. Le présent document traite des exigences générales communes à l’ensemble des audits énergétiques. Des exigences spécifiques complètent ces exigences générales dans des parties distinctes dédiées aux audits énergétiques des bâtiments, des procédés industriels et des transports.
Energetske presoje - 1. del: Splošne zahteve
Ta dokument določa zahteve, skupno metodologijo in končne izsledke za energetske presoje. Uporablja se za vse vrste ustanov in organizacij ter vse oblike energije in načine uporabe energije. Ta dokument zajema splošne zahteve, ki so skupne vsem energetskim presojam. Splošne zahteve dopolnjujejo posebne zahteve za energetske presoje v ločenih delih, namenjenih energetskim presojam stavb, industrijskim procesom in transportu.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 16247-1:2022
01-oktober-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16247-1:2012
Energetske presoje - 1. del: Splošne zahteve
Energy audits - Part 1: General requirements
Energieaudits - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
Audits énergétiques - Partie 1: Exigences générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16247-1:2022
ICS:
03.100.70 Sistemi vodenja Management systems
27.015 Energijska učinkovitost. Energy efficiency. Energy
Ohranjanje energije na conservation in general
splošno
SIST EN 16247-1:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 16247-1:2022
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SIST EN 16247-1:2022
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 16247-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2022
ICS 03.120.10; 27.015
Supersedes EN 16247-1:2012
English version
Energy audits - Part 1: General requirements
Audits énergétiques - Partie 1 : Exigences générales Energieaudits - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 July 2022.
CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to
any CEN and CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and United Kingdom.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means
Ref. No. EN 16247-1:2022 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
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SIST EN 16247-1:2022
EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Quality requirements .10
4.1 Energy auditor .10
4.1.1 Competency .10
4.1.2 Confidentiality .10
4.1.3 Objectivity .10
4.1.4 Transparency .10
4.2 Energy audit process .10
5 Elements of the energy audit process .10
5.1 Preliminary contact .10
5.2 Start-up meeting .11
5.3 Collecting data .12
5.3.1 General .12
5.3.2 Information request .12
5.3.3 Review of the available data.13
5.3.4 Preliminary data analysis .13
5.4 Measurement plan .13
5.5 Sampling methods .13
5.6 Field work .14
5.6.1 Aim of field work .14
5.6.2 Conduct .14
5.6.3 Site visits .14
5.7 Analysis .15
5.7.1 General .15
5.7.2 Energy balance and breakdown .15
5.7.3 Energy performance indicators (EnPIs) .15
5.7.4 Identify and evaluate EPIA opportunities .15
5.8 Report .16
5.8.1 General .16
5.8.2 Content of report .17
5.9 Final meeting .18
Annex A (informative) Energy Audit Process Flow Diagram .19
Annex B (informative) Examples of energy audit level .20
Annex C (informative) Sampling (Based on ISO 19011:2018 Guidelines for auditing
management systems).22
Bibliography .23
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SIST EN 16247-1:2022
EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 16247-1:2022) has been prepared by the Joint Technical Committee CEN-
CENELEC/JTC 14 “Energy management and energy efficiency in the framework of energy transition”, the
secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by February 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN-CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16247-1:2012.
Significant changes compared to the previous edition are:
a) Terms and definition updated to be compliant with ISO 50001;
b) New Annex A Energy Audit Process Flow Diagram added;
c) New Annex B Examples of energy Audit level added;
d) New Annex C Sampling (Based on ISO 19011:2018 Guidelines for auditing management systems)
added.
This Part covers the general requirements common to all energy audits. There are four further parts of
the EN 16247 series, which provide additional material to Part 1 for four specific sectors.
The other parts of EN 16247 “Energy audits” are:
— Part 2: Buildings;
— Part 3: Processes;
— Part 4: Transport;
— Part 5: Competence of energy auditors.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN and CENELEC by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN and CENELEC
websites.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
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SIST EN 16247-1:2022
EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
Introduction
An energy audit is an important step for an organization, whatever its size or type, wanting to improve
its energy performance, reduce energy consumption and bring related environmental and other benefits.
This document defines the attributes of a high-quality energy audit. It states the requirements for energy
audits and corresponding obligations within the energy auditing process. It recognizes that there are
differences in approach to energy auditing in terms of scope, aims and thoroughness, but seeks to
harmonize common aspects of energy auditing in order to bring more clarity and transparency to the
market for energy auditing services. The energy audit process is presented as a simple chronological
sequence; this does not preclude however repeated iterations of certain steps.
This document applies to commercial, industrial, residential and public-sector organizations. This
document does not deal with the energy audit programme/scheme properties (such as programme
administration, training of energy auditors, quality control issues, energy auditors' tools, etc.).
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SIST EN 16247-1:2022
EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements, common methodology and deliverables for energy audits. It
is applicable to all forms of establishments and organizations, all forms of energy and energy uses.
This document covers the general requirements common to all energy audits. Specific energy audit
requirements complete the general requirements in separate parts dedicated to energy audits for
buildings, industrial processes and transport.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
energy audit
systematic inspection and analysis of energy use and energy consumption of a site, building, system or
organization with the objective of identifying energy flows and the potential for energy efficiency
improvements and reporting them
3.2
energy auditor
individual, group of people or body carrying out an energy audit
Note 1 to entry: A group or body can include subcontractors.
3.3
audited object
site, building, equipment, system, process, vehicle, service or organization (3.4) which is the subject of
the energy audit (3.1)
3.4
organization
person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships
to achieve its objectives
Note 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to, sole-trader, company, corporation,
firm, enterprise, authority, partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated
or not, public or private.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.1.1]
3.5
energy consumption
quantity of energy (3.16) applied
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.2]
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EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
3.6
energy efficiency
ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of performance, service, goods, commodities,
or energy (3.16), and an input of energy
EXAMPLE Conversion efficiency; energy required/energy consumed.
Note 1 to entry: Both input and output should be clearly specified in terms of quantity and quality and be
measurable.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.3]
3.7
energy performance
measurable result(s) related to energy efficiency (3.6), energy use (3.10) and energy consumption (3.5)
Note 1 to entry: Energy performance can be measured against the organization’s (3.4) objectives, energy targets
(3.20) and other energy performance requirements.
Note 2 to entry: Energy performance is one component of the performance of the energy management
system (3.18).
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.3, modified]
3.8
energy performance indicator
EnPI
measure or unit of energy performance (3.7), as defined by the organization (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: EnPI(s) can be expressed by using a simple metric, ratio, or a model, depending on the nature of
the activities being measured.
Note 2 to entry: See ISO 50006 for additional information on EnPI(s).
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.4]
3.9
energy performance improvement action
EPIA
action or measure or group of action or measures implemented or planned within an organization (3.4)
intended to achieve energy performance improvement (3.21) through technological, managerial or
operational, behavioural, economical, or other changes
[SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.5]
3.10
energy use
application of energy (3.16)
EXAMPLE Ventilation; lighting; heating; cooling; transportation; data storage; production process
Note 1 to entry: Energy use is sometimes referred to as “energy end-use”.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.4]
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EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
3.11
sampling method
method of studying from representative selected audited objects, instead of the entire number of objects
Note 1 to entry: The selection is called sample.
Note 2 to entry: The principle of sampling is to analyse the samples selected in order to issue recommendations
that will be valid for all audited object.
3.12
significant energy use
SEU
energy use (3.10) accounting for substantial energy consumption (3.5) and/or offering considerable
potential for energy performance improvement (3.21)
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.4).
Note 2 to entry: SEUs can be facilities, systems, processes, or equipment.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.6]
3.13
energy balance
accounting of inputs and/or generation of energy supply versus energy outputs based on energy
consumption (3.5) by energy use (3.10)
Note 1 to entry: Energy storage is considered within energy supply or energy use. If included in the energy audit
scope (3.23), an energy balance needs to include energy storage and feedstock variation, as well as wasted energy,
or energy content in material flows.
Note 2 to entry: An energy balance reconciles all energy, goods and products that enter the system boundary
against the energy, goods and products leaving the system boundary.
[SOURCE: ISO 50002:2014, 3.6]
3.14
static factor
identified factor that significantly impacts energy performance (3.7) and does not routinely change
EXAMPLE Facility size; design of installed equipment; number of weekly shifts; range of products
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.4).
[SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.22, modified — Note 1 to entry added, and EXAMPLE 1 have been modified
and EXAMPLE 2 has been deleted.]
3.15
relevant variable
quantifiable factor that significantly impacts energy performance (3.7) and routinely changes
EXAMPLE Weather conditions, operating conditions (indoor temperature, light level), working hours,
production output.
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.4).
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[SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.18, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added and wording of examples
has been modified]
3.16
energy
electricity, fuels, steam, heat, compressed air and other similar media
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document, energy refers to the various types of energy, including
renewable, which can be purchased, stored, treated, used in an equipment or in a process, or recovered.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.1]
3.17
process
set of interrelated or interacting activities which transform inputs into outputs
Note 1 to entry: A process related to an organization’s (3.4) activities can be
— physical (e.g. energy-using processes, such as combustion), or
— business or service (e.g. order fulfilment).
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.3.6]
3.18
energy management system
EnMS
management system (3.19) to establish an energy policy, objectives, energy targets (3.20), action plans
and process(es) (3.17) to achieve the objectives and energy targets
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.2.2]
3.19
management system
set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization (3.4) to establish policies and objectives and
processes (3.17) to achieve those objectives
Note 1 to entry: A management system can address a single discipline or several disciplines.
Note 2 to entry: The system elements include the organization’s structure, roles and responsibilities, planning
and operation.
Note 3 to entry: In some management systems, the scope of a management system can include the whole of the
organization, specific and identified functions of the organization, specific and identified sections of the
organization, or one or more functions across a group of organizations. The EnMS scope includes all energy types
within its boundaries.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.2.1]
3.20
energy target
quantifiable objective of energy performance improvement (3.21)
Note 1 to entry: An energy target can be included within an objective.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.15]
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3.21
energy performance improvement
improvement in measurable results of energy efficiency (3.6), or energy consumption (3.5) related to
energy use (3.10), compared to the energy baseline (3.22)
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.6]
3.22
energy baseline
EnB
quantitative reference(s) providing a basis for comparison of energy performance (3.7)
Note 1 to entry: An energy baseline is based on data from a specified period of time and/or conditions, as defined
by the organization (3.4).
Note 2 to entry: One or more energy baselines are used for determination of energy performance improvement
(3.21), as a reference before and after, or with and without implementation of energy performance improvement
actions.
Note 3 to entry: See ISO 50015 for additional information on measurement and verification of energy
performance.
Note 4 to entry: See ISO 50006 for additional information on EnPIs and EnBs.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.7]
3.23
energy audit scope
extent of energy uses (3.10) and related activities to be included in the energy audit (3.1), as defined by
the organization (3.4) in consultation with the energy auditor (3.2), which can include several boundaries
EXAMPLE Organization, facility/facilities, equipment, system(s) and process(es)
Note 1 to entry: The energy audit scope can include energy related to transport.
[SOURCE: ISO 50002:2014, 3.4]
3.24
site
activities of organization (3.4) within the boundaries of the audited object, service or system
3.25
interested party
person or organization (3.4) that can affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision
or activity
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.1.5]
3.26
net present value
NPV
sum of discounted cash flows over the whole lifetime of an investment
[SOURCE: EN 17463:2021, 3.13]
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EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
4 Quality requirements
4.1 Energy auditor
4.1.1 Competency
The energy auditor shall be suitably qualified (according to local guidelines and recommendations or as
defined in EN 16247-5:2015) and experienced for the type of work being undertaken and for the agreed
scope, aim and thoroughness.
4.1.2 Confidentiality
The energy auditor shall treat as confidential all information provided by the organization or disclosed
during the energy audit.
4.1.3 Objectivity
The energy auditor shall treat the organization’s interests as paramount and act in an objective manner.
The energy auditor shall ensure that the requirements apply to its subcontractors, if any.
4.1.4 Transparency
If the energy auditor has business goals, product and process or marketing involvement that might be in
conflict with the energy audit, the energy auditor shall disclose any conflict of interests in a transparent
way.
4.2 Energy audit process
The energy audit process shall be:
a) appropriate: suitable to the agreed scope, aims and thoroughness;
b) complete: in order to define the audited object and the organization;
c) representative: in order to collect reliable and relevant data;
d) traceable: in order to trace the origin and processing of data;
e) useful: in order to include the energy savings and might be the associated greenhouse gas emissions,
and a cost effectiveness analysis of the Energy Performance Improvement Action (EPIA) identified;
f) verifiable: in order to allow the organization to monitor the achievement of the energy targets of
implemented EPIA opportunities.
NOTE See Informative Annex A: A flow diagram of the energy audit process.
5 Elements of the energy audit process
5.1 Preliminary contact
a) The energy auditor shall agree with the organization on:
1) aims, needs and expectations concerning the energy audit;
2) scope and boundary(ies);
EXAMPLE 1 The whole site and all energy using systems or the boiler plant or the vehicle fleet.
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3) levels of thoroughness required, see Annex B;
4) timescale to complete the energy audit;
5) criteria for evaluating EPIA (e.g. NPV calculation);
6) time commitments and other resources from the organization;
7) requirement for data to be collected prior to the energy audit commencing and the availability,
validity and format of the energy and activity data;
8) collect information needed to use sampling methods, if applicable;
9) foreseeable measurement and/or inspection to be made during the energy audit.
b) The energy auditor shall request information about:
1) the energy audit context;
EXAMPLE 2 Energy audit could be related to a government agreement/scheme or in an energy review of
ISO 50001.
2) regulatory or other constraints affecting the scope or other aspects of the proposed energy audit;
3) strategic wider programme (planned projects, outsourcing facilities management);
4) management system (environmental, quality, energy management system or others);
5) changes that may have a bearing on the energy audit and its conclusions;
6) any existing opinions, ideas and restrictions relating to potential EPIA;
7) expected deliverables and required format of the report;
8) whether a draft of the final report to the organization should be presented for comment.
c) The energy auditor shall inform the organization of any:
1) special facilities and equipment required to enable the energy audit to be carried out;
2) commercial or other interest which could influence his or her conclusions or recommendations.
5.2 Start-up meeting
The aim of the start-up meeting is to brief all interested parties about the energy audit objectives, scope,
boundaries and depth and agree the practical arrangements for the energy audit.
NOTE 1 The word meeting in this standard includes telephone calls, webinars and other remote interactive
discussions.
a) The energy auditor shall request the organization to:
1) nominate the person ultimately responsible for the energy audit within the organization;
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EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
2) nominate a person to liaise with the energy auditor, where necessary supported by other
appropriate individuals constituted as a team for the purpose;
3) inform interested parties about the energy audit and any requirements placed on them in
connection with it;
4) ensure the cooperation of the interested parties;
5) disclose any unusual conditions, maintenance work or other activities that will occur during the
energy audit.
Where the energy auditor is not an individual, a member of the energy auditing team shall be nominated
as lead energy auditor.
NOTE 2 Some of these requirements might already have been addressed at an earlier stage.
b) The energy auditor shall agree with the organization on:
1) arrangements for access for the energy auditor;
2) safety and security rules;
3) resources and data to be provided;
4) non-disclosure agreements (e.g. tenants in a building);
5) proposed schedule of visits with priorities for each;
6) requirements for specific measurements;
7) procedures to be followed for installation of measuring equipment, if needed;
8) the form and the type of the report and the expected delivery time.
The energy auditor shall describe the processes, means and schedule of the energy audit.
5.3 Collecting data
5.3.1 General
The data collection could be carried out over several stages during an energy audit.
5.3.2 Information request
The energy auditor shall, in cooperation with the organization, collect, where available, the following:
a) list of energy using systems, processes and equipment;
b) predefined criteria for selection of significant energy uses;
c) detailed characteristics of the audited object(s) including known relevant variables and static factors
and how the organization believes they influence energy consumption;
d) historical data:
1) energy consumption;
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EN 16247-1:2022 (E)
2) relevant variables and static factors;
3) relevant energy measurements;
e) operational history and past events that could have affected energy consumption in the period
covered by the data collected;
f) design, operation and maintenance documents;
g) previous energy audits and studies related to energy performance and energy efficiency;
h) current and projected energy tariff, or a reference energy related tariff to be used for the protection
of commercial confidence;
i) other relevant economic data;
j) the status of the energy management system.
5.3.3 Review of the available data
The energy auditor shall review the information collected for consistency and suitability. If data
requested is not available or after the reviewing process these are considered as unreliable, the energy
auditor shall define the method to obtain the necessary information (e.g. measurements, estimates,
modelling, etc.).
5.3.4 Preliminary data analysis
The energy auditor shall carry out an analysis of the data collected. If there is su
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16247-1:2020
01-marec-2020
Energetske presoje - 1. del: Splošne zahteve
Energy audits - Part 1: General requirements
Energieaudits - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
Audits énergétiques - Partie 1: Exigences générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16247-1
ICS:
03.100.70 Sistemi vodenja Management systems
27.015 Energijska učinkovitost. Energy efficiency. Energy
Ohranjanje energije na conservation in general
splošno
oSIST prEN 16247-1:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 16247-1:2020
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oSIST prEN 16247-1:2020
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 16247-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2020
ICS 03.120.10; 27.015
Will supersede EN 16247-1:2012
English version
Energy audits - Part 1: General requirements
Audits énergétiques - Partie 1: Exigences générales Energieaudits - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/CLC/JTC 14.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any
alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN and CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German). A
version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification
of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. prEN 16247-1:2020 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
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oSIST prEN 16247-1:2020
EN 16247-1:2012 (E)
1 Contents Page
2 Foreword . 3
3 Introduction . 4
4 1 Scope . 5
5 2 Normative references . 5
6 3 Terms and definitions . 5
7 4 Quality requirements . 10
8 4.1 Energy auditor . 10
9 4.1.1 Competency . 10
10 4.1.2 Confidentiality . 10
11 4.1.3 Objectivity . 10
12 4.1.4 Transparency . 10
13 4.2 Energy audit process . 10
14 5 Elements of the energy audit process . 10
15 5.1 Preliminary contact . 10
16 5.2 Start-up meeting . 11
17 5.3 Collecting data . 12
18 5.3.1 General . 12
19 5.3.2 Information request . 12
20 5.3.3 Review of the available data . 13
21 5.3.4 Preliminary data analysis . 13
22 5.4 Measurement Plan . 13
23 5.5 Sampling methods. 13
24 5.6 Field work . 14
25 5.6.1 Aim of field work . 14
26 5.6.2 Conduct . 14
27 5.6.3 Site visits. 14
28 5.7 Analysis . 15
29 5.7.1 General . 15
30 5.7.2 Energy Balance and breakdown . 15
31 5.7.3 Energy performance indicators . 15
32 5.7.4 Identify and evaluate energy performance improvement opportunity . 15
33 5.8 Report . 16
34 5.8.1 General . 16
35 5.8.2 Content of report . 17
36 5.9 Final meeting . 18
37 Annex A (informative) Proposal of energy audit level of thoroughness . 19
38 Annex B (informative) Sampling (Based on ISO 19011:2018 Guidelines for auditing
39 management systems) . 20
40 Annex C (informative) Energy audit process flow diagram . 21
41 Bibliography . 22
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42 European foreword
43 This document (prEN 16247-1:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee
44 CEN/CLC/JWG 14 “Energy audits”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
45 This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
46 This document will supersede EN 16247-1:2012.
47 This part covers the general requirements common to all energy audits. There are four further
48 parts of EN 16247, which provide additional material to Part 1 for four specific sectors.
49 The other parts of EN 16247 will be:
50 — Energy audits — Part 2: Buildings;
51 — Energy audits — Part 3: Processes;
52 — Energy audits — Part 4: Transport;
53 — Energy audits - Part 5: Competence of energy auditors.
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54 Introduction
55 An energy audit is an important step for an organization, whatever its size or type, wanting to
56 improve its energy efficiency, reduce energy consumption and bring related environmental and
57 other benefits.
58 This document defines the attributes of a good quality energy audit. It states the requirements
59 for energy audits and corresponding obligations within the energy auditing process. It
60 recognizes that there are differences in approach to energy auditing in terms of scope, aims and
61 thoroughness, but seeks to harmonize common aspects of energy auditing in order to bring
62 more clarity and transparency to the market for energy auditing services. The energy audit
63 process is presented as a simple chronological sequence; this does not preclude however
64 repeated iterations of certain steps.
65 This document applies to commercial, industrial, residential and public-sector organizations.
66 This document does not deal with the energy audit programme/scheme properties (such as
67 programme administration, training of energy auditors, quality control issues, energy auditors'
68 tools, etc.).
69
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70 1 Scope
71 This document specifies the requirements, common methodology and deliverables for energy
72 audits. It applies to all forms of establishments and organizations, all forms of energy and uses
73 of energy. This document covers the general requirements common to all energy audits. Specific
74 energy audit requirements complete the general requirements in separate parts dedicated to
75 energy audits for buildings, industrial processes and transport.
76 2 Normative references
77 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
78 content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
79 applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
80 amendments) applies.
81 EN 16247-5:2015, Energy audits - Part 5: Competence of energy auditors
82 3 Terms and definitions
83 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
84 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
85 addresses:
86 • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
87 • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
88 3.1
89 energy audit
90 systematic inspection and analysis of energy use and energy consumption of a site, building,
91 system or organization with the objective of identifying energy flows and the potential for
92 energy efficiency improvements and reporting them
93 3.2
94 energy auditor
95 individual, group of people or body carrying out an energy audit
96 Note 1 to entry: A group or body can include subcontractors.
97 3.3
98 audited object
99 building, equipment, system, process, vehicle or service which is the subject of the energy audit
100 3.4
101 organization
102 person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and
103 relationships to achieve its objectives
104 Note 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to, sole-trader, company,
105 corporation, firm, enterprise, authority, partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof,
106 whether incorporated or not, public or private.
107 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.1.1]
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108 3.5
109 energy consumption
110 quantity of energy (3.16) applied
111 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.2]
112 3.6
113 energy efficiency
114 ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of performance, service, goods,
115 commodities, or energy (3.16), and an input of energy
116 EXAMPLE Conversion efficiency; energy required/energy consumed
117 Note 1 to entry: Both input and output should be clearly specified in terms of quantity and quality and be
118 measurable.
119 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.3]
120 3.7
121 energy performance
122 measurable result(s) related to energy efficiency (3.6), energy use (3.10) and energy
123 consumption (3.5)
124 Note 1 to entry: Energy performance can be measured against the organization’s (3.4) objectives, energy
125 targets (3.20) and other energy performance requirements.
126 Note 2 to entry: Energy performance is one component of the performance of the energy management
127 system (3.18).
128 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.3]
129 3.8
130 energy performance indicator
131 EnPI
132 measure or unit of energy performance (3.7), as defined by the organization (3.4)
133 Note 1 to entry: EnPI(s) can be expressed by using a simple metric, ratio, or a model, depending on the
134 nature of the activities being measured.
135 Note 2 to entry: See ISO 50006 for additional information on EnPI(s).
136 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.4]
137 3.9
138 energy efficiency improvement measure
139 amount of saved energy determined by measuring and/or estimating consumption before and
140 after implementation of one or more energy efficiency improvement measures, whilst ensuring
141 normalisation for factors that affect energy consumption
142 3.10
143 energy use
144 application of energy (3.16)
145 EXAMPLE Ventilation; lighting; heating; cooling; transportation; data storage; production
146 process
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147 Note 1 to entry: Energy use is sometimes referred to as “energy end-use”.
148 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.4]
149 3.11
150 sampling method
151 method of studying from a few representative selected objects, instead of the entire big number
152 of objects.
153 Note 1 to entry The small selection is called sample.
154 Note 2 to entry: The principle of sampling is to analyze the samples selected in order to issue
155 recommendations that will be valid for all audited object
156 3.12
157 significant energy uses
158 SEU
159 energy use (3.10) accounting for substantial energy consumption (3.5) and/or offering
160 considerable potential for energy performance improvement (3.21)
161 Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.4).
162 Note 2 to entry: SEUs can be facilities, systems, processes, or equipment.
163 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.6]
164 3.13
165 Energy balance
166 accounting of inputs and/or generation of energy supply versus energy outputs based on energy
167 consumption (3.5) by energy use (3.10)
168 Note 1 to entry: Energy storage is considered within energy supply or energy use. If included in the
169 energy audit scope (3.23), an energy balance needs to include energy storage and feedstock variation, as
170 well as wasted energy, or energy content in material flows.
171 Note 2 to entry: An energy balance reconciles all energy, goods and products that enter the system
172 boundary against the energy, goods and products leaving the system boundary.
173 [SOURCE: ISO 50002:2014, 3.6]
174 3.14
175 static factor
176 identified factor that significantly impacts energy performance (3.7) and does not routinely
177 change
178 Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.4).
179 EXAMPLE Facility size; design of installed equipment; number of weekly shifts; range of
180 products
181 [SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.22, modified — Note 1 to entry and EXAMPLE 1 have been
182 modified and EXAMPLE 2 has been deleted.]
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183 3.15
184 relevant variable
185 quantifiable factor that significantly impacts energy performance (3.7) and routinely changes
186 Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.4).
187 EXAMPLE Weather conditions, operating conditions (indoor temperature, light level), working
188 hours, production output.
189 [SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.18, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added and wording of
190 examples has been modified.]
191 3.16
192 energy
193 electricity, fuels, steam, heat, compressed air and other similar media
194 Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document, energy refers to the various types of energy, including
195 renewable, which can be purchased, stored, treated, used in an equipment or in a process, or recovered.
196 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.1]
197 3.17
198 process
199 set of interrelated or interacting activities which transform inputs into outputs
200 Note 1 to entry: A process related to an organization’s (3.4) activities can be
201 — physical (e.g. energy-using processes, such as combustion), or
202 — business or service (e.g. order fulfilment).
203 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.3.6]
204 3.18
205 energy management system
206 EnMS
207 management system (3.19) to establish an energy policy, objectives, energy targets (3.20), action
208 plans and process(es) (3.17) to achieve the objectives and energy targets
209 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.2.2]
210 3.19
211 management system
212 set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization (3.4) to establish policies and
213 objectives and processes (3.17) to achieve those objectives
214 Note 1 to entry: A management system can address a single discipline or several disciplines.
215 Note 2 to entry: The system elements include the organization’s structure, roles and responsibilities,
216 planning and operation.
217 Note 3 to entry: In some management systems, the scope of a management system can include the whole
218 of the organization, specific and identified functions of the organization, specific and identified sections of
219 the organization, or one or more functions across a group of organizations. The EnMS scope includes all
220 energy types within its boundaries.
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221 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.2.1]
222 3.20
223 energy target
224 quantifiable objective of energy performance improvement (3.21)
225 Note 1 to entry: An energy target can be included within an objective.
226 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.15]
227 EXAMPLE A process (3.20); a group of processes; a site; multiple sites under the control of an
228 organization, or an entire organization (3.5).
229 Note 1 to entry: The organization defines the boundary(ies) of its EnMS.
230 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.1.3]
231 3.21
232 energy performance improvement
233 improvement in measurable results of energy efficiency (3.6), or energy consumption (3.5)
234 related to energy use (3.10), compared to the energy baseline (3.22)
235 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.6]
236 3.22
237 energy baseline
238 EnB
239 quantitative reference(s) providing a basis for comparison of energy performance (3.7)
240 Note 1 to entry: An energy baseline is based on data from a specified period of time and/or conditions, as
241 defined by the organization (3.4).
242 Note 2 to entry: One or more energy baselines are used for determination of energy performance
243 improvement (3.21), as a reference before and after, or with and without implementation of energy
244 performance improvement actions.
245 Note 3 to entry: See ISO 50015 for additional information on measurement and verification of energy
246 performance.
247 Note 4 to entry: See ISO 50006 for additional information on EnPIs and EnBs.
248 [SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.7]
249 3.23
250 energy audit scope
251 extent of energy uses (3.10) and related activities to be included in the energy audit (3.1), as
252 defined by the organization (3.4) in consultation with the energy auditor (3.2), which can
253 include several boundaries
254 EXAMPLE Organization, facility/facilities, equipment, system(s) and process(es)
255 Note 1 to entry: The energy audit scope can include energy related to transport.
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256 4 Quality requirements
257 4.1 Energy auditor
258 4.1.1 Competency
259 The energy auditor shall be suitably qualified (according to local guidelines and
260 recommendations or as defined in EN 16247-5:2015) and experienced for the type of work
261 being undertaken and for the agreed scope, aim and thoroughness.
262 4.1.2 Confidentiality
263 The energy auditor shall treat as confidential all information provided by the organization or
264 disclosed during the energy audit.
265 4.1.3 Objectivity
266 The energy auditor shall treat the organization’s interests as paramount and act in an objective
267 manner.
268 The energy auditor shall ensure that the requirements apply to its subcontractors, if any.
269 4.1.4 Transparency
270 If the energy auditor has business goals, product and process or marketing involvement that
271 might be in conflict with the energy audit, the energy auditor shall disclose any conflict of
272 interests in a transparent way.
273 4.2 Energy audit process
274 The energy audit process shall be:
275 a) appropriate: suitable to the agreed scope, aims and thoroughness;
276 b) complete: in order to define the audited object and the organization;
277 c) representative: in order to collect reliable and relevant data;
278 d) traceable: in order to trace the origin and processing of data;
279 e) useful: in order to include a cost effectiveness analysis of the energy saving opportunities
280 identified;
281 f) verifiable: in order to allow the organization to monitor the achievement of the energy
282 targets of implemented energy efficiency improvement opportunities.
283 NOTE See Informative Annex C: A flow diagram of the energy audit process
284 5 Elements of the energy audit process
285 5.1 Preliminary contact
286 a) The energy auditor shall agree with the organization on:
287 1) aims, needs and expectations concerning the energy audit;
288 2) scope and boundaries;
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289 EXAMPLE The whole site and all energy using systems or the boiler plant or the vehicle fleet.
290 3) levels of thoroughness required, see Annex A;
291 4) timescale to complete the energy audit;
292 5) criteria for evaluating energy efficiency improvement measures (e.g. payback period or
293 NPV calculation;
294 6) time commitments and other resources from the organization;
295 7) requirement for data to be collected prior to the energy audit commencing and the
296 availability, validity and format of the energy and activity data;
297 8) collect information needed to use sampling methods, if applicable;
298 9) foreseeable measurement and/or inspection to be made during the energy audit.
299 b) The energy auditor shall request information about:
300 1) the energy audit context;
301 EXAMPLE Energy audit could be related to a government agreement/scheme or in an energy
302 review of ISO 50001
303 2) regulatory or other constraints affecting the scope or other aspects of the proposed
304 energy audit;
305 3) strategic wider programme (planned projects, outsourcing facilities management);
306 4) management system (environmental, quality, energy management system or others);
307 5) changes that may have a bearing on the energy audit and its conclusions;
308 6) any existing opinions, ideas and restrictions relating to potential energy efficiency
309 improvement measures;
310 7) expected deliverables and required format of the report;
311 8) whether a draft of the final report to the organization should be presented for
312 comment.
313 c) The energy auditor shall inform the organization of any:
314 1) special facilities and equipment required to enable the energy audit to be carried out;
315 2) commercial or other interest which could influence his or her conclusions or
316 recommendations.
317 5.2 Start-up meeting
318 The aim of the start-up meeting is to brief all interested parties about the energy audit
319 objectives, scope, boundaries and depth and agree the practical arrangements for the energy
320 audit.
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321 NOTE 1 The word meeting in this standard includes telephone calls, webinars and other remote
322 interactive discussions.
323 a) The energy auditor shall request the organization to:
324 1) nominate the person ultimately responsible for the energy audit within the
325 organization;
326 2) nominate a person to liaise with the energy auditor, where necessary supported by
327 other appropriate individuals constituted as a team for the purpose;
328 3) inform affected personnel and other interested parties about the energy audit and any
329 requirements placed on them in connection with it;
330 4) ensure the cooperation of the affected parties;
331 5) disclose any unusual conditions, maintenance work or other activities that will occur
332 during the energy audit.
333 Where the energy auditor is not an individual, a member of the energy auditing team shall be
334 nominated as lead energy auditor.
335 NOTE 2 Some of these requirements might already have been addressed at an earlier stage.
336 b) The energy auditor shall agree with the organization on:
337 1) arrangements for access for the energy auditor;
338 2) safety and security rules;
339 3) resources and data to be provided;
340 4) non-disclosure agreements (e.g. tenants in a building);
341 5) proposed schedule of visits with priorities for each;
342 6) requirements for specific measurements;
343 7) procedures to be followed for installation of measuring equipment, if needed.
344 The energy auditor shall describe the processes, means and schedule of the energy audit.
345 5.3 Collecting data
346 5.3.1 General
347 The data collection could be carried out over several stages during an energy audit.
348 5.3.2 Information request
349 The energy auditor shall, in cooperation with the organization, collect, where available, the
350 following according to the level of thoroughness:
351 a) list of energy using systems, processes and equipment;
352 b) predefined criteria for selection of significant energy uses;
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353 c) detailed characteristics of the audited object(s) including known relevant variables and
354 static factors and how the organization believes they influence energy consumption;
355 d) historical data:
356 1) energy consumption;
357 2) relevant variables and static factors;
358 3) relevant energy measurements.
359 e) operational history and past events that could have affected energy consumption in the
360 period covered by the data collected;
361 f) design, operation and maintenance documents;
362 g) previous energy audits and studies related to energy and energy efficiency;
363 h) current and projected tariff, or a reference tariff to be used for
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