SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006
(Main)Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Television Receive-Only (TVRO) equipment used in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS)
- Abstract
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) gives minimum specifications for the standardisation of the technical characteristics of satellite receiving only earth stations, capable of receiving audio-visual signals and associated data. A specified quality of service is not a requirement of this ETS. The equipment considered in this ETS is confined to the "outdoor unit" that consists of the antenna with the feed network and the low-noise amplifier with its associated down-converter, referred to as Low-Noise Block (LNB) converter. The output interface towards the indoor unit is defined at the LNB output connector. Consequently the coaxial cable link to the "indoor unit", the intermediate frequency amplifier and the demodulator are not included in this ETS. For the "indoor unit" the relevant standard is prEN 50083: "Cabled distribution systems for television and sound signals". This ETS is applicable to Television Receive Only (TVROs) earth stations which receive audio-visual signals in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) Ku band frequency ranges from 11,70 GHz to 12,50 GHz.
The TVROs are classified into two different types according to the corresponding services:
Type A for collective reception, in particular:
- Community Antenna Television (CATV);
- Master Antenna Television (MATV).
Type B for individual reception, i.e. Direct To Home (DTH) equipment.
A clear distinction is made, wherever applicable between specifications for Type A and for Type B equipment in the various Clauses of this ETS. The received television signals can be PAL, SECAM, or the different MAC systems, all with the associated TV sound, and possibly other audio programmes.
Any other new TV systems (e.g. digital) may be received in the future, provided that those systems operate in the BSS Ku Band.
They could be:
- digital TV systems;
- MAC - packet family full channel digital mode.
Data may be present as coded signals inside television signals. Encrypted signals may also be accommodated.
NOTE: This ETS takes as main references for radio frequency specifications the WARC '77 plan (see [1], Appendix 30), and the CCIR relevant Recommendations (see Annex G, informative), but different assumptions are made taking into account the general trend towards very small aperture terminals. Following the decision made during WARC '92 to revise the WARC '77 plan, further developments of Radio Frequency (RF) parameters are expected in the near future and will require further studies.
This ETS specifies:
a) Requirements (indicated in Clause 5).
The requirements cover mechanical, electrical safety and the interface with the indoor unit as well as some electromagnetic compatibility aspects.
The test and measurement procedures associated with the normative requirements detailed in Clause 5 of this ETS shall be met in order to qualify compliance with this ETS.
b) Recommendations (indicated in Clause 6).
The recommendations are related to the quality of reception and are intended to assist manufacturers harmonise equipment design and to enable equipment distributors and end-users to better determine equipment performance. The test and measurement procedures associated with the informative recommendations detailed in Clause 6 of this ETS are given for verification purposes only. The compliance with the recommendations will not be taken as a condition to comply with the standard for TVRO equipment.
All the tests related to the requirements shall be performed and the results entered in the data sheet of the test report. The ability to comply with the recommendations shall also be noted in the data sheet of the test report.
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Jan-2006
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 01-Feb-2006
- Due Date
- 01-Feb-2006
- Completion Date
- 01-Feb-2006
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 is the Slovenian adoption of ETS 300 249 Edition 1 from ETSI. It specifies minimum technical characteristics for Television Receive-Only (TVRO) outdoor units used in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) Ku band, so manufacturers, installers, test labs and buyers can judge whether an antenna and LNB assembly fits a given satellite TV application.
What does SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 specify?
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 covers the outdoor unit of a TVRO system - the antenna, feed network, low-noise amplifier and associated down-converter, called the Low-Noise Block (LNB) converter. The document sets minimum specifications for reception of audio-visual signals and associated data in the BSS Ku band and splits the equipment into Type A for collective reception and Type B for individual Direct To Home (DTH) reception.
The ETS ends the scope at the LNB output connector. The coaxial cable to the indoor unit, the intermediate frequency amplifier and the demodulator belong to the indoor installation and are handled by prEN 50083. A specified quality of service is not part of this ETS.
The document is organised into:
- Clause 1 Scope
- Clause 2 Normative references
- Clause 3 Definitions
- Clause 4 General conditions for measurement
- Clause 5 Requirements
- Clause 6 Recommendations
- Annexes A to J, with a mix of normative test methods and informative guidance
| Annex | What it covers |
|---|---|
| A | General conditions for measurement |
| B | Radiation measurements from 1 GHz to 18 GHz |
| C | Radiation measurements from 30 MHz to 1 GHz |
| D | Direct measurement of G/T ratio |
| E | Antenna sub-system noise temperature measurement |
| F | Installation guidance |
| G | General characteristics of the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) in the 12 GHz band |
| H | G/T ratio under clear sky conditions |
| J | Waveguide flange dimensions |
What are the key requirements of SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006?
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 focuses on safety, mechanical robustness, radio-frequency behaviour, electromagnetic compatibility and the information that must be supplied with the equipment. In practice, it tells a manufacturer what to design, what to declare and what to prove by test or inspection.
Safety and mechanical integrity
Clause 5 requires the outdoor unit to be designed and installed so it does not create danger in normal use or foreseeable fault conditions. The main practical concern is physical safety: sharp edges, accessible live parts, lightning bonding provisions, solar heating near the feed and resistance to adverse weather all need to be controlled.
Clause 5.2.3 adds mechanical strength and survival requirements. The outdoor unit must withstand its own weight and wind loading, and the document gives two alternative ways to verify this - wind tunnel testing or numerical analysis with simplified loading tests. For the reader, this means the declared mounting height, wind rating and attachment loads are not just design notes - they are part of the compliance evidence.
Compatibility with the indoor unit
Clause 5.3 requires the local oscillator (LO) and frequency conversion behaviour to remain compatible with the indoor unit. The key point is that the received radio frequency spectrum must not be inverted at the LNB output, and the conversion frequency must stay within the allowed tolerance despite temperature, supply voltage, setting error and ageing.
Clause 6.7 continues this compatibility theme for the LNB itself. It covers RF input range, IF output range, noise temperature or noise figure, image rejection, gain, linearity, output impedance, connector type and return loss. In practice, this is the part that determines whether the outdoor unit will connect cleanly to the indoor receiver and deliver a signal the receiver can actually use.
Radiation and electromagnetic disturbance
Clause 5.4 limits unwanted radiation from the outdoor unit, including LO leakage from the antenna and other emissions from the assembly. The document distinguishes direct measurement at the antenna interface from indirect assessment using antenna gain data, and it also sets EIRP limits for unwanted signals over a wide frequency range.
Clause 5.5 addresses immunity to external electromagnetic disturbance. The ETS separates ambient-field immunity from immunity to currents coupled into connected cables, and it also distinguishes Type A and Type B behaviour. For a buyer or installer, this matters because the equipment has to keep working in real installations where nearby transmitters, cables and site conditions can disturb reception.
Documentation and declared values
Clause 5.6 requires a manufacturer’s information leaflet with declared and guaranteed data. This leaflet is not optional detail - it is where the declared band, polarisation, gain, interface type, power supply data, pointing capability, wind rating, impedance and command characteristics are recorded. The test report also has to note the results for the requirement tests and the ability to meet the recommendations.
Reception performance recommendations
Clause 6 gives recommendations rather than mandatory requirements. These cover the RF input range, IF output range, figure of merit (G/T), unwanted radiation, antenna sub-system characteristics, LNB performance, internal immunity, power supply and command signals. They are useful when comparing products, because they describe how well the outdoor unit should perform once installed, even when the recommendation clauses are not conditions for compliance.
What terms does SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 define?
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 defines a small set of core terms that shape the rest of the document.
- Outdoor unit - the part of the TVRO installed in line of sight to the satellite, normally including the antenna sub-system and the LNB.
- Antenna sub-system - the reflector or equivalent antenna structure, the radiator and feed network, including depolariser and optional orthoMode Transducer (OMT).
- Low-Noise Block (LNB) - the low-noise amplifier and down-converter that shifts the received signal to an intermediate frequency for the indoor unit.
- Type A - TVRO equipment for collective reception, including Community Antenna Television (CATV) and Master Antenna Television (MATV).
- Type B - TVRO equipment for individual reception, identified as Direct To Home (DTH).
- G/T ratio - the figure of merit used to compare receiving performance by relating antenna gain to total equivalent noise temperature.
- Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) - the radiated power of an unwanted signal expressed as if it came from an isotropic source.
- Right-Hand or Left-Hand Circularly Polarised (RHCP or LHCP) - the circular polarisation senses that the antenna sub-system is intended to receive.
Who uses SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006?
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 is used by antenna and LNB manufacturers, system integrators, test laboratories, installers and procurement teams working on satellite television receiving equipment. It is especially relevant where outdoor units must be compared, declared, tested or accepted for Type A collective reception or Type B DTH reception.
Quality managers use it to build a conformity file, because the document tells them which properties must be declared, inspected or measured. Buyers and distributors use it to compare outdoor units by band, polarisation, gain, output interface, power supply and mechanical ratings.
Which standards are used with SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006?
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 relies on other documents for safety, EMC, measurement and antenna testing.
- ITU Radio Regulations - provides the spectrum planning background and the BSS context.
- prEN 50083-1 - supplies safety requirements for cabled distribution systems and is used for shock, mechanical safety and lightning-related provisions.
- prEN 50083-2 - provides EMC requirements and several radiation and immunity measurement approaches.
- IEC 68-1 and IEC 68-2-52 - give environmental testing guidance and salt mist testing.
- IEC 695-1-1 and HD 444.2 - give fire hazard testing guidance and methods.
- IEC 1079 - supports radio-frequency measurements on receivers for satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band.
- EN 50081-1 and EN 50082-1 - provide generic EMC emission and immunity standards for residential, commercial and light industry environments.
- IEC 510-1-2 and CISPR No.16 / EN 50011 - support unwanted radiation and measurement apparatus requirements.
- prEN 61114-1/IEC 1114-1 - provides antenna measurement methods used for gain, polarization, G/T and related checks.
- IEC 154-2 and IEC 154-4 - define the referenced waveguide flange dimensions.
- IEC 510-2-4, prEN 50083-5, IEC 510-1, IEC 107-1 and IEC 510-1-5 - support converter, headend, general measurement, result presentation and noise-temperature methods.
What does the SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 document contain?
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 contains both requirements and test methods, so it is useful not only for design but also for verification and reporting. Clause 5 links each requirement to a verification route, while Clause 6 links each recommendation to the declared data that should appear in the manufacturer’s leaflet.
The annexes provide the practical measurement framework. Annex A sets the measurement environment and signal conditions, Annex B and Annex C define radiation test setups over different frequency ranges, and Annex D and Annex E give ways to assess G/T and antenna noise temperature. Annex F gives installation guidance, Annex G supplies BSS background, Annex H shows how G/T can be calculated indirectly, and Annex J gives flange dimensions for the referenced waveguide interfaces.
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Frequently Asked Questions
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Television Receive-Only (TVRO) equipment used in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS)". This standard covers: This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) gives minimum specifications for the standardisation of the technical characteristics of satellite receiving only earth stations, capable of receiving audio-visual signals and associated data. A specified quality of service is not a requirement of this ETS. The equipment considered in this ETS is confined to the "outdoor unit" that consists of the antenna with the feed network and the low-noise amplifier with its associated down-converter, referred to as Low-Noise Block (LNB) converter. The output interface towards the indoor unit is defined at the LNB output connector. Consequently the coaxial cable link to the "indoor unit", the intermediate frequency amplifier and the demodulator are not included in this ETS. For the "indoor unit" the relevant standard is prEN 50083: "Cabled distribution systems for television and sound signals". This ETS is applicable to Television Receive Only (TVROs) earth stations which receive audio-visual signals in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) Ku band frequency ranges from 11,70 GHz to 12,50 GHz. The TVROs are classified into two different types according to the corresponding services: Type A for collective reception, in particular: - Community Antenna Television (CATV); - Master Antenna Television (MATV). Type B for individual reception, i.e. Direct To Home (DTH) equipment. A clear distinction is made, wherever applicable between specifications for Type A and for Type B equipment in the various Clauses of this ETS. The received television signals can be PAL, SECAM, or the different MAC systems, all with the associated TV sound, and possibly other audio programmes. Any other new TV systems (e.g. digital) may be received in the future, provided that those systems operate in the BSS Ku Band. They could be: - digital TV systems; - MAC - packet family full channel digital mode. Data may be present as coded signals inside television signals. Encrypted signals may also be accommodated. NOTE: This ETS takes as main references for radio frequency specifications the WARC '77 plan (see [1], Appendix 30), and the CCIR relevant Recommendations (see Annex G, informative), but different assumptions are made taking into account the general trend towards very small aperture terminals. Following the decision made during WARC '92 to revise the WARC '77 plan, further developments of Radio Frequency (RF) parameters are expected in the near future and will require further studies. This ETS specifies: a) Requirements (indicated in Clause 5). The requirements cover mechanical, electrical safety and the interface with the indoor unit as well as some electromagnetic compatibility aspects. The test and measurement procedures associated with the normative requirements detailed in Clause 5 of this ETS shall be met in order to qualify compliance with this ETS. b) Recommendations (indicated in Clause 6). The recommendations are related to the quality of reception and are intended to assist manufacturers harmonise equipment design and to enable equipment distributors and end-users to better determine equipment performance. The test and measurement procedures associated with the informative recommendations detailed in Clause 6 of this ETS are given for verification purposes only. The compliance with the recommendations will not be taken as a condition to comply with the standard for TVRO equipment. All the tests related to the requirements shall be performed and the results entered in the data sheet of the test report. The ability to comply with the recommendations shall also be noted in the data sheet of the test report.
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) gives minimum specifications for the standardisation of the technical characteristics of satellite receiving only earth stations, capable of receiving audio-visual signals and associated data. A specified quality of service is not a requirement of this ETS. The equipment considered in this ETS is confined to the "outdoor unit" that consists of the antenna with the feed network and the low-noise amplifier with its associated down-converter, referred to as Low-Noise Block (LNB) converter. The output interface towards the indoor unit is defined at the LNB output connector. Consequently the coaxial cable link to the "indoor unit", the intermediate frequency amplifier and the demodulator are not included in this ETS. For the "indoor unit" the relevant standard is prEN 50083: "Cabled distribution systems for television and sound signals". This ETS is applicable to Television Receive Only (TVROs) earth stations which receive audio-visual signals in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) Ku band frequency ranges from 11,70 GHz to 12,50 GHz. The TVROs are classified into two different types according to the corresponding services: Type A for collective reception, in particular: - Community Antenna Television (CATV); - Master Antenna Television (MATV). Type B for individual reception, i.e. Direct To Home (DTH) equipment. A clear distinction is made, wherever applicable between specifications for Type A and for Type B equipment in the various Clauses of this ETS. The received television signals can be PAL, SECAM, or the different MAC systems, all with the associated TV sound, and possibly other audio programmes. Any other new TV systems (e.g. digital) may be received in the future, provided that those systems operate in the BSS Ku Band. They could be: - digital TV systems; - MAC - packet family full channel digital mode. Data may be present as coded signals inside television signals. Encrypted signals may also be accommodated. NOTE: This ETS takes as main references for radio frequency specifications the WARC '77 plan (see [1], Appendix 30), and the CCIR relevant Recommendations (see Annex G, informative), but different assumptions are made taking into account the general trend towards very small aperture terminals. Following the decision made during WARC '92 to revise the WARC '77 plan, further developments of Radio Frequency (RF) parameters are expected in the near future and will require further studies. This ETS specifies: a) Requirements (indicated in Clause 5). The requirements cover mechanical, electrical safety and the interface with the indoor unit as well as some electromagnetic compatibility aspects. The test and measurement procedures associated with the normative requirements detailed in Clause 5 of this ETS shall be met in order to qualify compliance with this ETS. b) Recommendations (indicated in Clause 6). The recommendations are related to the quality of reception and are intended to assist manufacturers harmonise equipment design and to enable equipment distributors and end-users to better determine equipment performance. The test and measurement procedures associated with the informative recommendations detailed in Clause 6 of this ETS are given for verification purposes only. The compliance with the recommendations will not be taken as a condition to comply with the standard for TVRO equipment. All the tests related to the requirements shall be performed and the results entered in the data sheet of the test report. The ability to comply with the recommendations shall also be noted in the data sheet of the test report.
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 33.060.30 - Radio relay and fixed satellite communications systems. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST ETS 300 249 E1:2006 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2006
Satelitske zemeljske postaje in sistemi (SES) – Televizijska sprejemna oprema za
uporabo v radiodifuzijski satelitski storitvi (BSS)
Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Television Receive-Only (TVRO) equipment
used in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 249 Edition 1
ICS:
33.060.30 Radiorelejni in fiksni satelitski Radio relay and fixed satellite
komunikacijski sistemi communications systems
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN ETS 300 249
TELECOMMUNICATION December 1993
STANDARD
Source: ETSI TC-SES Reference: DE/SES-4003
ICS: 33.160.20, 33.160.40
TVRO, BSS
Key words:
Satellite Earth Stations (SES);
Television Receive-Only (TVRO) equipment used in
the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS)
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - secretariat@etsi.fr
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: +33 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 93 65 47 16
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1993. All rights reserved.
New presentation - see History box
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ETS 300 249: December 1993
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.
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ETS 300 249: December 1993
Contents
Foreword.9
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 12
3 Definitions. 13
4 General conditions for measurement. 14
4.1 General. 14
5 Requirements. 14
5.1 General. 14
5.2 Safety. 14
5.2.1 Purpose. 14
5.2.2 Mechanical safety . 15
5.2.2.1 Specification. 15
5.2.2.2 Verification. 15
5.2.3 Mechanical construction. 15
5.2.3.1 Purpose. 15
5.2.3.2 Specifications. 15
5.2.3.2.1 Specification 1: outdoor unit test. 15
5.2.3.2.2 Specification 2: mechanical loads at
the interface of the attachment devices 16
5.2.3.3 Verification. 16
5.2.3.3.1 Wind tunnel test procedure. 16
5.2.3.3.2 Numerical analysis procedure. 17
5.2.4 Electrical shock by access. 18
5.2.4.1 General . 18
5.2.4.2 Specification. 18
5.2.4.3 Verification. 18
5.2.5 Lightning protection . 18
5.2.5.1 General . 18
5.2.5.2 Specification. 18
5.2.5.3 Verification. 18
5.2.6 Solar radiation protection . 18
5.2.6.1 Purpose. 18
5.2.6.2 Specification. 18
5.2.6.3 Verification. 19
5.2.7 Adverse conditions . 19
5.2.7.1 General . 19
5.2.7.2 Corrosion resistance. 19
5.2.7.2.1 Specification . 19
5.2.7.2.2 Verification. 19
5.2.7.3 Fire hazard. 19
5.2.7.3.1 Specification . 19
5.2.7.3.2 Verification. 19
5.3 Local Oscillator (LO) frequency. 19
5.3.1 Frequency spectrum. 19
5.3.1.1 Purpose. 19
5.3.1.2 Specification. 19
5.3.1.3 Verification. 19
5.3.2 Frequency conversion tolerance . 20
5.3.2.1 General . 20
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ETS 300 249: December 1993
5.3.2.2 Purpose.20
5.3.2.3 Specification.20
5.3.2.4 Verification .20
5.4 Radiation from the outdoor unit.20
5.4.1 General . 20
5.4.2 Purpose. 21
5.4.3 Unwanted radiation including LO leakage radiated from the antenna.21
5.4.3.1 General.21
5.4.3.2 Specification.21
5.4.3.3 Verification.21
5.4.4 Radiation from outdoor unit (EIRP) .22
5.4.4.1 Specification.22
5.4.4.2 Verification .22
5.5 Immunity.22
5.5.1 Definitions.22
5.5.2 External immunity of the outdoor unit to ambient fields. 22
5.5.2.1 General. 22
5.5.2.2 Specification. 23
5.5.2.3 Verification . 23
5.5.3 External immunity of the outdoor unit to currents conducted via connected
cables .23
5.5.3.1 General.23
5.5.3.2 Specification.23
5.5.3.3 Verification .24
5.6 Documentation .24
5.6.1 Purpose. 24
5.6.2 Specification .24
5.6.3 Verification.24
6 Recommendations.26
6.1 Introduction.26
6.2 Radio Frequency (RF) input range .26
6.2.1 Purpose. 26
6.2.2 Specification .26
6.2.3 Verification.26
6.3 Intermediate Frequency (IF) output range .26
6.3.1 Purpose. 26
6.3.2 Specification .26
6.3.3 Verification.26
6.4 Figure of merit .26
6.4.1 General . 26
6.4.2 Purpose. 26
6.4.3 Specification .27
6.4.4 Verification.27
6.5 Radiation from outdoor unit (EIRP) .27
6.5.1 Specification .27
6.5.2 Verification.27
6.6 Antenna sub-system .27
6.6.1 General . 27
6.6.2 Frequency-band .27
6.6.3 Polarisation.28
6.6.3.1 Purpose.28
6.6.3.2 Specification.28
6.6.3.3 Verification .28
6.6.4 Co-polar on-axis gain.28
6.6.4.1 Purpose.28
6.6.4.2 Specification.28
6.6.4.3 Verification .28
6.6.5 Antenna gain pattern.28
6.6.5.1 General.28
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ETS 300 249: December 1993
6.6.5.2 Purpose. 28
6.6.5.3 Specifications. 29
6.6.5.3.1 Specification 1 . 29
6.6.5.3.2 Specification 2 . 29
6.6.5.4 Design objectives. 29
6.6.5.4.1 Antenna discrimination . 29
6.6.5.4.2 Antenna gain pattern. 29
6.6.5.5 Verification. 30
6.6.6 Cross-polarisation discrimination. 30
6.6.6.1 Purpose. 30
6.6.6.2 Specification. 30
6.6.6.3 Design objective . 30
6.6.6.4 Verification. 30
6.6.7 Pointing accuracy capability . 30
6.6.7.1 Purpose. 30
6.6.7.2 Specification. 31
6.6.7.3 Verification. 31
6.6.8 Antenna pointing and efficiency stability under severe environmental
conditions . 31
6.6.8.1 General . 31
6.6.8.2 Specification. 31
6.6.8.3 Verification. 31
6.6.9 Output interface of antenna sub-system . 31
6.6.9.1 Physical interface . 31
6.6.9.1.1 Purpose. 31
6.6.9.1.2 Specification . 31
6.6.9.1.3 Verification. 31
6.6.9.2 Impedance matching. 32
6.6.9.2.1 Purpose. 32
6.6.9.2.2 Specification . 32
6.6.9.2.3 Verification. 32
6.7 Low Noise Block (LNB) down-converter . 32
6.7.1 General . 32
6.7.2 Radio Frequency (RF) input range . 32
6.7.3 Intermediate Frequency (IF) output range . 32
6.7.4 Frequency conversion tolerance . 32
6.7.5 LNB noise temperature, or noise figure . 32
6.7.5.1 Purpose. 32
6.7.5.2 Specification. 32
6.7.5.3 Verification. 33
6.7.6 Image frequency rejection. 33
6.7.6.1 General . 33
6.7.6.2 Specification. 33
6.7.6.3 Verification. 33
6.7.7 Output level . 33
6.7.7.1 General . 33
6.7.7.2 Purpose. 33
6.7.7.3 Specification. 33
6.7.7.4 Verification. 33
6.7.8 Small signal gain . 33
6.7.8.1 Purpose. 33
6.7.8.2 Specification. 34
6.7.8.3 Verification. 34
6.7.9 Linearity . 34
6.7.9.1 General . 34
6.7.9.2 Purpose. 34
6.7.9.3 Linear distortion: amplitude-frequency characteristic. 34
6.7.9.3.1 Specification . 34
6.7.9.3.2 Verification. 34
6.7.9.4 Linear distortion: group-delay characteristic. 34
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ETS 300 249: December 1993
6.7.9.4.1 Specification .34
6.7.9.4.2 Verification.34
6.7.10 LNB input interface .35
6.7.10.1 Purpose.35
6.7.10.2 Specification.35
6.7.10.3 Verification .35
6.7.11 LNB output interface .35
6.7.11.1 Impedance.35
6.7.11.1.1 Purpose.35
6.7.11.1.2 Specification .35
6.7.11.1.3 Verification.35
6.7.11.2 Type of connector. 35
6.7.11.2.1 Purpose. 35
6.7.11.2.2 Specification . 35
6.7.11.2.3 Verification. 35
6.7.11.3 Impedance matching at the output terminal .35
6.7.11.3.1 General .35
6.7.11.3.2 Specification .35
6.7.11.3.3 Verification.36
6.8 Internal immunity of the outdoor unit to unwanted signals.36
6.8.1 General . 36
6.8.2 Specification .36
6.8.3 Verification.36
6.9 Power supply.36
6.9.1 Power supply for LNB.36
6.9.1.1 Purpose.36
6.9.1.2 Specification.36
6.9.1.3 Verification .37
6.9.2 Power supply for auxiliary devices .37
6.9.2.1 Purpose.37
6.9.2.2 Specification.37
6.9.2.3 Verification .37
6.10 Commands .37
6.10.1 General . 37
6.10.2 Purpose. 37
6.10.3 Specification .37
6.10.4 Verification.38
Annex A (normative): General conditions for measurement.39
A.1 Standard atmospheric conditions .39
A.2 Power supply.39
A.2.1 Standard conditions.39
A.2.2 Supplementary conditions on dc source.39
A.3 Test site . 39
A.4 Accuracy of the measuring instruments .40
A.5 Stabilisation period .40
A.6 Presentation of results.40
A.7 Deviations.40
A.8 Radio frequency input signals .40
A.8.1 Introduction.40
A.8.2 Test signals .40
A.8.3 Test frequencies . 40
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ETS 300 249: December 1993
A.8.4 Radio frequency input arrangement (for the outdoor unit) .41
A.8.4.1 Input signal level.41
A.8.4.2 Available power.41
A.8.4.3 Power flux density .41
A.8.4.4 Siting and distance of the antennae.41
A.8.5 Other conditions for measurements on antenna sub-system .42
A.8.5.1 Standard antenna.42
A.8.5.2 Source antenna.42
A.8.5.3 Variable attenuator.43
A.8.5.4 Directional coupler.43
Annex B (normative): Radiation measurements in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 18 GHz .44
B.1 Measurement equipment.44
B.2 Operating conditions.44
B.3 Site checking and calibration .44
B.4 Measurement procedure.45
B.5 Presentation of the results .45
Annex C (normative): Radiation measurements in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 1 GHz.46
C.1 Introduction.46
C.2 Measurements in the frequency range 30 MHz - 300 MHz .46
C.3 Measurements in the frequency range 300 MHz - 1 000 MHz.46
C.3.1 Equipment required .46
C.3.2 General measurement requirements.46
C.3.3 Equipment layout and connection.47
C.3.4 Operating conditions.47
C.3.5 Measurement frequencies.47
C.3.6 Precautions .47
C.3.7 Measurement procedure.48
C.3.8 Presentation of the results . 48
Annex D (normative): Measurement of G/T ratio by direct method.49
D.1 Introduction.49
D.2 Environmental conditions for G/T measurement .49
D.3 Methods of measurement .49
D.4 Arrangement of test equipment. 49
D.5 Presentation of results. 49
Annex E (normative): Antenna sub-system noise temperature measurement method.50
Annex F (informative): Installation.51
Annex G (informative): General characteristics of the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) in the 12
GHz band.52
G.1 Background of the WARC '77.52
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G.2 Up-link .52
G.3 Satellite .53
G.4 Earth reception.53
G.5 Down-link.53
G.6 WARC '77 receiver.54
Annex H (informative): G/T ratio (clear sky conditions) .55
H.1 G/T ratio indirect measurement .55
H.2 Example of G/T calculation.55
Annex J (informative): Dimensions in millimetres of waveguide flanges .56
J.1 Dimensions of Type B flanges in millimetres for ordinary rectangular waveguides IEC 154-2 [12a].56
J.2 Dimensions of flanges in millimetres for circular waveguides IEC 154-4 [12b].56
History .57
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Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced by the Satellite Earth Stations
(SES) Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
Every ETS prepared by ETSI is a voluntary standard. This ETS may contain text concerning type approval
of the equipment to which it relates. This text should be considered only as guidance and does not make
this ETS mandatory.
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ETS 300 249: December 1993
1 Scope
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) gives minimum specifications for the standardisation of
the technical characteristics of satellite receiving only earth stations, capable of receiving audio-visual
signals and associated data. A specified quality of service is not a requirement of this ETS.
The equipment considered in this ETS is confined to the "outdoor unit" that consists of the antenna with the
feed network and the low-noise amplifier with its associated down-converter, referred to as Low-Noise
Block (LNB) converter.
The output interface towards the indoor unit is defined at the LNB output connector. Consequently the
coaxial cable link to the "indoor unit", the intermediate frequency amplifier and the demodulator are not
included in this ETS.
For the "indoor unit" the relevant standard is prEN 50083: "Cabled distribution systems for television and
sound signals".
This ETS is applicable to Television Receive Only (TVROs) earth stations which receive audio-visual
signals in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) Ku band frequency ranges from 11,70 GHz to 12,50
GHz.
The TVROs are classified into two different types according to the corresponding services:
Type A for collective reception, in particular:
- Community Antenna Television (CATV);
- Master Antenna Television (MATV).
Type B for individual reception, i.e. Direct To Home (DTH) equipment.
A clear distinction is made, wherever applicable between specifications for Type A and for Type B
equipment in the various Clauses of this ETS.
The received television signals can be PAL, SECAM, or the different MAC systems, all with the associated
TV sound, and possibly other audio programmes.
Any other new TV systems (e.g. digital) may be received in the future, provided that those systems
operate in the BSS Ku Band.
They could be:
- digital TV systems;
- MAC - packet family full channel digital mode.
Data may be present as coded signals inside television signals.
Encrypted signals may also be accommodated.
NOTE: This ETS takes as main references for radio frequency specifications the WARC '77
plan (see [1], Appendix 30), and the CCIR relevant Recommendations (see Annex G,
informative), but different assumptions are made taking into account the general trend
towards very small aperture terminals. Following the decision made during WARC '92
to revise the WARC '77 plan, further developments of Radio Frequency (RF)
parameters are expected in the near future and will require further studies.
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This ETS specifies:
a) Requirements (indicated in Clause 5).
The requirements cover mechanical, electrical safety and the interface with the indoor unit as well as
some electromagnetic compatibility aspects.
The test and measurement procedures associated with the normative requirements detailed in
Clause 5 of this ETS shall be met in order to qualify compliance with this ETS.
b) Recommendations (indicated in Clause 6).
The recommendations are related to the quality of reception and are intended to assist
manufacturers harmonise equipment design and to enable equipment distributors and end-users to
better determine equipment performance.
The test and measurement procedures associated with the informative recommendations detailed in
Clause 6 of this ETS are given for verification purposes only. The compliance with the
recommendations will not be taken as a condition to comply with the standard for TVRO equipment.
All the tests related to the requirements shall be performed and the results entered in the data sheet of the
test report. The ability to comply with the recommendations shall also be noted in the data sheet of the
test report.
2 Normative references
This ETS incorporates by dated or undated references, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply
to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] ITU (1990) Radio Regulations, Vol 1, 2, 3.
[2] prEN 50083-1 (1991): "Cabled distribution systems for television and sound
signals. Part 1: Safety requirements".
[3] a) IEC 68-1 (1988): "Environmental testing. Part 1: General and guidance".
b) IEC 68-2-52 (1984): "Test Kb: salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloridesolution)".
[4] a) IEC 695-1-1 (1982): "Fire hazard testing. Part 1: General guidance".
b) HD 444.2 (1,2,3) S1: IEC 695-2-(1(1980), 2(1980), 3(1984)), ed1: "Fire
hazard testing. Part 2: test methods".
[5] IEC 1079 (1992): "Recommended methods of measurement on receivers for
satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band. Part 1: Radio frequency
measurements on the outdoor unit".
[6] prEN 50083-2 (1991): "Cabled distribution systems. Part 2: EMC for
components and systems".
[7] a) EN 50081-1 (1991): "Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic emission
standard. Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry".
b) EN 50082-1 (1991): "Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic immunity
standard. Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry".
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ETS 300 249: December 1993
[8] IEC 510-1-2 (1984): "Part 1: Measurements common to sub-systems and
combinations of sub-systems. Section 2: Measurements in the R.F. range".
[9] a) CISPR No.16 (1987): "Specifications for radio interference measuring
apparatus and measurements methods".
b) Draft prEN 55011 (1991): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio
interference characteristics of industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio
frequency equipment".
[10] EN 55020 (1988): "Immunity from radio interference of broadcast receivers and
associated equipment".
[11] prEN 61114-1/IEC 1114-1: "Methods of measurement on receiving antennas for
satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band. Part 1: Electrical
measurements on DBS receiving antennas".
Amendment 1: "Alternative method for G/T ratio".
[12] a) IEC 154-2 (1980): "Part 2: Relevant specifications for flanges for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
b) IEC 154-4 (1969): "Part 4: Relevant specifications for flanges for
circular waveguides".
[13] IEC 510-2-4 (1988): "Part 2: Measurements for sub-systems; Section 4: Up-
and-down-converters".
[14] prEN 50083-5: "Cabled distribution systems for television and sound signals.
Part 5: Headend".
[15] Draft IEC 933, Part X: "Audio, video and audio-visual systems. Interconnections
and matching values. Part X: Interconnections of satellite receiving equipment".
[16] IEC 510-1 (1975): "Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in
satellite earth stations. Part 1: General".
IEC 510-1-A (1980): "First supplement: D.C. source conditions".
[17] IEC 107-1 (1977): "Recommended methods of measurement on receivers for
television broadcast transmissions. Part 1: General considerations. Electrical
measurements other than those at audio-frequencies".
[18] IEC 510-1-5 (1988): "Part 1: Measurements common to sub-systems and
combinations of sub-systems. Section 5: Noise temperature measurements".
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this ETS, the following definition applies.
Outdoor unit: is the part of the TVRO installed in a position within line of sight to the satellite(s) to be
received.
It normally comprises two main parts:
a) The antenna sub-system which converts the incident radiation field into a guided wave. The antenna
sub-system consists of:
- the main reflector, the secondary reflectors (if any) and the radiator;
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- the feed network which includes a depolariser that converts circular to linear polarisation and
an Optional orthoMode Transducer (OMT) which separates two incoming differently polarised
signals into two independent Radio Frequency (RF) outputs.
Instead of reflector(s)/feed network sub-system, other types of antennae may be used, e.g. flat
array antennae.
NOTE: The relevant specifications of this ETS apply to systems using circular polarisation.
b) The LNB(s), which may include an optional filter, is a device with very low internal noise that
amplifies the received signals in the RF band and converts them to intermediate frequencies, (often
called the 1st Intermediate Frequency (IF)), for transmission to one or more indoor units where
tuning, demodulation and decoding of the received signals are performed.
The installation equipment (means of attachment) is not included in this ETS. However, the antenna
structures and other components directly mounted in the antenna and forming an integral part of it, are
subject to the specifications of this ETS. These include, in particular, the equipment for control of the
antenna position.
4 General conditions for measurement
4.1 General
The measurements shall be carried out under "standard atmospheric conditions" with respect to
temperature, air pressure, humidity, see Annex A, Clause A.1.
For other conditions such as power supply, test site, accuracy of measuring instruments, stabilisation
period, presentation of results, radio frequency input signals, see Annex A, Clauses A.2 to A.8.
NOTE 1: Partial testing of the outdoor unit is permitted where it can be shown that relevant test
evidence already exists for the component parts such as antenna sub-system and
mount, or the LNB (see Clause 3 for definitions).
NOTE 2: In case the outdoor unit is manufactured without an accessible interface between the
antenna sub-system and the LNB, it is impossible to carry out the verification of some
requirements. In this case the manufacturer shall provide suitable test fixtures.
5 Requirements
5.1 General
The requirements specified in this ETS mainly concern the following:
- the inherent mechanical and electrical safety of the outdoor unit;
- radiation characteristics and immunity to electromagnetic disturbances of the outdoor unit;
- compatibility with the indoor unit.
5.2 Safety
5.2.1 Purpose
In accordance with prEN 50083-1 [2], Clause 3, the outdoor unit shall be so designed, constructed and
installed as to present no danger, either in normal use or under any fault condition, to users, personnel
working on or externally inspecting the equipment, or to any person or property, providing particularly:
- protection against electrical shock by access and lightning;
- protection against physical injury or property damage.
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NOTE: The above does not apply to trained, authorised personnel working on the equipment,
who may be exposed to live parts of the equipment by the removal of protective
covers.
5.2.2 Mechanical safety
5.2.2.1 Specification
In accordance with prEN 50083-1 [2], subclause 3.1, all parts of the outdoor unit shall be so constructed
that there is no danger of physical injury from contact with sharp edges or corners.
5.2.2.2 Verification
By physical inspection. Conformance shall be entered in the data sheet of the test report.
5.2.3 Mechanical construction
5.2.3.1 Purpose
Protection of operating personnel, the public, and goods from insecure structures.
5.2.3.2 Specifications
5.2.3.2.1 Specification 1: outdoor unit test
All parts of the outdoor unit, including structural and mounted components, (but excluding the means of
attachment) shall be so designed that they withstand the following main loads due to:
- the weight of the antenna and structural components;
- the wind speed.
The wind load W is given by the formula:
W=c x p x A
where: W is in Newtons (N),
c = 1,2 is the area correction coefficient,
p is the wind pressure, in Pascals (Pa)
A is the component area (m2)
Loading due to snow and ice is not considered.
For the purpose of establishing outdoor unit loading, the following values for wind speed shall be assumed
in accordance with prEN 50083-1 [2], subclause 11.3:
- if the outdoor unit is installed up to 20 m above the ground level, the value of p (wind pressure) shall
be assumed to be 800 Pascals (Pa) corresponding to a wind speed of 130 km/h;
- if the outdoor unit is installed higher than 20 m above the ground level, the value of p (wind pressure)
shall be assumed to be 1 100 Pa corresponding to a wind speed of 150 km/h.
NOTE: Where adverse environmental conditions apply, a higher wind pressure value may need
to be assumed, e.g.:
- a wind pressure of 1 250 Pa, corresponding to a wind speed of 160 km/h;
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- a wind pressure of 1 900 Pa, corresponding to a wind speed of 200 km/h.
At the maximum applicable wind pressures none of the components shall be torn away. This condition is
referred to as the "survival condition".
The maximum installation height of the antenna and the maximum wind speed shall be those declared by
the manufacturer. These limits shall be noted in the data sheet of the test report and in the manufacturer's
information lea
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