SIST EN 1793-6:2018
(Main)Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 6: Intrinsic characteristics - In situ values of airborne sound insulation under direct sound field conditions
Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 6: Intrinsic characteristics - In situ values of airborne sound insulation under direct sound field conditions
This European Standard describes a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation for traffic noise reducing devices: the sound insulation index.
The test method is intended for the following applications:
- determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either in situ or in laboratory conditions;
- determination of the in situ intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices in actual use;
- comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
- verification of the long term performance of noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method);
- interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
The test method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches or under covers.
Results are expressed as a function of frequency in one-third octave bands, where possible, between 100 Hz and 5 kHz. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results need to be given in a restricted frequency range and the reasons for the restriction(s) need to be clearly reported.
Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der akustischen Eigenschaften - Teil 6: Produktspezifische Merkmale - In-situ-Werte der Luftschalldämmung in gerichteten Schallfeldern
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt ein Prüfverfahren zur Messung einer Größe, die für die produktspezifischen Merkmale der Luftschalldämmung von Lärmschutzvorrichtungen charakteristisch ist: den Schalldämmungsindex.
Das Prüfverfahren ist für die folgenden Anwendungen vorgesehen:
- Bestimmung der produktspezifischen Merkmale der Luftschalldämmung von Lärmschutzvorrichtungen, die entlang von Straßen einzubauen sind und die in situ oder unter Prüfstandbedingungen zu messen sind;
- Bestimmung der in situ gegebenen produktspezifischen Merkmale der Luftschalldämmung von Lärmschutzvorrichtungen im tatsächlichen Einsatz;
- Vergleich der Bemessungsfestlegungen mit den tatsächlichen Leistungsdaten nach Abschluss der Bauarbeiten;
- Überprüfung der Langzeitwirksamkeit von Lärmschutzvorrichtungen (durch wiederholtes Anwenden des Verfahrens);
- interaktiver Bemessungsprozess von neuen Produkten, einschließlich der Formulierung von Einbauanleitungen.
Das Prüfverfahren ist nicht für die Bestimmung der produktspezifischen Eigenschaften der Luftschalldämmung von Lärmschutzvorrichtungen vorgesehen, die in halligen Schallfeldern einzubauen sind, z. B. innerhalb von Tunneln, in ausgeprägten Tieflagen oder unter Abdeckungen.
Ergebnisse werden als Funktion der Frequenz in Terzbändern zwischen 100 Hz und 5 kHz angegeben, wo möglich. Falls kein gültiges Messergebnis über den gesamten Frequenzbereich zu gewinnen ist, müssen die Ergebnisse im eingeschränkten Frequenzbereich zusammen mit den Gründen der Einschränkung(en) klar angegeben werden.
Dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier - Méthode d'essai pour la détermination de la performance acoustique - Partie 6: Caractéristiques intrinsèques - Valeurs in situ d'isolation aux bruits aériens dans des conditions de champ acoustique direct
La présente Norme européenne décrit une méthode d'essai permettant de mesurer une grandeur représentative des caractéristiques intrinsèques de l'isolation aux bruits aériens des dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier : l'indice d'isolation acoustique.
La méthode d'essai est destinée aux applications suivantes :
- la détermination des caractéristiques intrinsèques d'isolation aux bruits aériens de dispositifs de réduction du bruit destinés à être installés le long des routes, à mesurer sur site ou dans des conditions de laboratoire ;
- la détermination des caractéristiques intrinsèques sur site d'isolation aux bruits aériens de dispositifs de réduction du bruit en service ;
- la comparaison des spécifications de conception avec des données de performance réelles de l'ouvrage de construction achevé ;
- la vérification des performances à long terme de dispositifs de réduction du bruit (par l'application répétée de la méthode) ;
- un processus interactif de conception de nouveaux produits, y compris la formulation des manuels d'installation.
La méthode d'essai n'est pas destinée à la détermination des caractéristiques intrinsèques d'isolation aux bruits aériens de dispositifs de réduction du bruit destinés à être installés dans des conditions réverbérantes, par exemple à l'intérieur de tunnels ou de tranchées profondes ou sous des couvertures.
Les résultats sont exprimés en fonction de la fréquence, par bandes de tiers d'octave, si possible, entre 100 Hz et 5 kHz. S'il est impossible d'obtenir des résultats de mesure valables sur toute la plage de fréquences indiquée, les résultats doivent être donnés pour la plage de fréquences réduite et les raisons de la ou des restriction(s) doivent être clairement consignées.
Protihrupne ovire za cestni promet - Preskusna metoda za ugotavljanje akustičnih lastnosti - 6. del: Bistvene karakteristike - Terenske vrednosti izolirnosti pred zvokom v zraku pri usmerjenem zvočnem polju
Ta evropski standard opisuje preskusno metodo za merjenje količine, ki predstavlja bistvene lastnosti na področju izolirnosti pred zvokom v zraku pri protihrupnih ovirah za cestni promet: indeksa izolirnosti pred zvokom.
Preskusna metoda je namenjena:
– ugotavljanju bistvenih karakteristik na področju izolirnosti pred zvokom v zraku pri obcestnih protihrupnih ovirah, ki se merijo na mestu uporabe ali pod laboratorijskimi pogoji;
– ugotavljanju bistvenih karakteristik na področju izolirnosti pred zvokom v zraku pri protihrupnih ovirah med dejansko uporabo na mestu uporabe;
– primerjavi specifikacij zasnove s podatki o dejanskih lastnostih po koncu izgradnje;
– preverjanju dolgoročnih lastnosti protihrupnih ovir (z večkratno izvedbo metode);
– interaktivnemu postopku zasnove novih izdelkov, vključno s pripravo navodil za namestitev.
Preskusna metoda ni namenjena ugotavljanju bistvenih karakteristik na področju izolirnosti pred zvokom v zraku pri protihrupnih ovirah za namestitev v odmevnih pogojih, npr. v predorih ali pod pregradami.
Rezultati so izraženi kot funkcija frekvence v tretjinskih oktavnih pasovih med 100 Hz in 5 kHz, kadar je to mogoče. Če ni mogoče dobiti veljavnih rezultatov meritev za celo opredeljeno frekvenčno območje, se rezultati navedejo za omejeno frekvenčno območje, razlog(-i) za omejitev območja pa jasno opredelijo.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der akustischen Eigenschaften - Teil 6: Produktspezifische Merkmale - In-situ-Werte der Luftschalldämmung in gerichteten SchallfeldernDispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier - Méthode d'essai pour la détermination de la performance acoustique - Partie 6: Caractéristiques intrinsèques - Valeurs in situ d'isolation aux bruits aériens dans des conditions de champ acoustique directRoad traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 6: Intrinsic characteristics - In situ values of airborne sound insulation under direct sound field conditions93.080.30Cestna oprema in pomožne napraveRoad equipment and installations17.140.30Emisija hrupa transportnih sredstevNoise emitted by means of transportICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1793-6:2018SIST EN 1793-6:2018en,fr,de01-september-2018SIST EN 1793-6:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1793-6:20131DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1793-6
June
t r s z ICS
s yä s v rä u râ
{ uä r z rä u r Supersedes EN
s y { uæ xã t r s tEnglish Version
Road traffic noise reducing devices æ Test method for determining the acoustic performance æ Part
xã Intrinsic characteristics æ In situ values of airborne sound insulation under direct sound field conditions Dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier æ Méthode d 5essai pour la détermination de la performance acoustique æ Partie
x ã Caractéristiques intrinsèques æ Valeurs in situ d 5isolation aux bruits aériens dans des conditions de champ acoustique direct
Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen æ Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der akustischen Eigenschaften æ Teil
xã Produktspezifische Merkmale æ InæsituæWerte der Luftschalldämmung in gerichteten Schallfeldern This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s { February
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
9
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s y { uæ xã t r s z ESIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 2 Contents
Page European foreword . 4 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Sound insulation index measurements . 13 4.1 General principle . 13 4.2 Measured quantity . 13 4.3 Test arrangement . 14 4.4 Measuring equipment . 19 4.4.1 Components of the measuring system . 19 4.4.2 Sound source . 19 4.4.3 Test signal . 19 4.5 Data processing . 20 4.5.1 Calibration . 20 4.5.2 Sample rate . 20 4.5.3 Background noise . 21 4.5.4 Scanning technique using a single microphone . 21 4.5.5 Scanning technique using nine microphones . 21 4.5.6 Adrienne temporal window . 22 4.5.7 Placement of the Adrienne temporal window . 23 4.5.8 Low frequency limit and sample size . 24 4.6 Positioning of the measuring equipment . 25 4.6.1 Selection of the measurement positions. 25 4.6.2 Post measurements . 26 4.6.3 Additional measurements. 26 4.6.4 Reflecting objects . 26 4.6.5 Safety considerations. 26 4.7 Sample surface and meteorological conditions . 27 4.7.1 Condition of the sample surface . 27 4.7.2 Wind . 27 4.7.3 Air temperature . 27 4.8 Single-number rating . 27 4.8.1 General . 27 4.8.2 Acoustic elements . 27 4.8.3 Posts . 28 4.8.4 Global . 28 5 Measurement uncertainty . 29 6 Measuring procedure . 29 7 Test report . 29 Annex A (informative)
Categorization of single-number rating . 31 Annex B (informative)
Guidance note on use of the single-number rating . 32 Annex C (informative)
Measurement uncertainty . 33 SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 3 C.1 General . 33 C.2 Measurement uncertainty based upon reproducibility data . 33 C.3 Standard deviation of repeatability and reproducibility of the sound insulation index . 33 Annex D (informative)
Template of test report on airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices . 36 D.1 General . 36 D.2 Test setup (example) . 38 D.3 Test object and test situation (example). 39 D.4 Results (example) . 42 D.4.1 Part 1 – Results for ‘element’ in tabular form . 42 D.4.2 Part 2 – Results for ‘element’ in graphic form . 43 D.4.3 Part 3 – Results for ‘post’ in tabular form . 44 D.4.4 Part 4 – Results for ‘post’ in graphic form. 45 D.4.5 Part 5 – Results for global condition (average of ‘element’ and ‘post’) in tabular form . 46 D.4.6 Part 6 – Results for global condition (average of ‘element’ and ‘post’) in graphic form . 47 D.5 Uncertainty (example) . 47 Bibliography . 50
SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 1793-6:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1793-6:2012. With respect to the superseded document, the following changes have been made: — an improved definition of the test signal and considerations about the Signal to Noise (S/N) ratio; — clarification on the calculation of single number ratings for qualification purposes and other purposes; — the categories of single number rating have been removed from Annex A; the performance of the noise reducing device is, from now on, only to be reported in terms of the numeric values of the single number rating; — revised information on the determination of measurement uncertainty. EN 1793-6 is part of a series of documents and will be read in conjunction with the following: — EN 1793-1, Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 1: Intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption under diffuse sound field conditions; — EN 1793-2, Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 2: Intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation under diffuse sound field conditions; — EN 1793-3, Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 3: Normalized traffic noise spectrum; — EN 1793-4, Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 4: Intrinsic characteristics - In situ values of sound diffraction; — EN 1793-5, Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 5: Intrinsic characteristics - In situ values of sound reflection under direct sound field conditions. This European Standard has been prepared, under the direction of Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road equipment”, by Working Group 6 “Noise reducing devices”. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 5 Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 6 Introduction Noise reducing devices alongside roads should provide adequate sound insulation so that sound transmitted through the device is not significant compared with the sound diffracted over the top. This document specifies a test method for assessing the intrinsic airborne sound insulation performance for noise reducing devices designed for roads in non-reverberant conditions. It can be applied in situ, i.e. where the noise reducing devices are installed. The method can be applied without damaging the surface of the noise reducing device. The method can be used to qualify products to be installed along roads as well as to verify the compliance of installed noise reducing devices to design specifications. Regular application of the method can be used to verify the long term performance of noise reducing devices. The method requires the averaging of results of measurements taken at different points behind the device under test. The method is able to investigate flat and non-flat products. The method uses the same principles and equipment for measuring sound reflection (see EN 1793-5) and airborne sound insulation (the present document). The measurement results of this method for airborne sound insulation are comparable but not identical with the results of the EN 1793-2 method, mainly because the present method uses a directional sound field, while the EN 1793-2 method assumes a diffuse sound field (where all angles of incidence are equally probable). Research studies suggest that good correlation exists between laboratory data, measured according to EN 1793-2 and field data, measured according to the method described in the present document [4], [5], [6], [7], [15]. The test method described in this document should not be used to determine the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation for noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches or under covers. For the purpose of this document, reverberant conditions are defined based on the geometric envelope, e, across the road formed by the barriers, trench sides or buildings (the envelope does not include the road surface) as shown by the dashed lines in Figure 1. Conditions are defined as being reverberant when the percentage of open space in the envelope is less than or equal to 25 %, i.e. reverberant conditions occur when w/e
¶ 0,25, where e = (w+h1+h2). This document introduces a specific quantity, called sound insulation index, to define the airborne sound insulation of a noise reducing device. This quantity should not be confused with the sound reduction index used in building acoustics, sometimes also called transmission loss. NOTE This method can be used to qualify noise reducing devices for other applications, e.g. to be installed nearby industrial sites. In this case, the single-number ratings can preferably be calculated using an appropriate spectrum. SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 7
a) Partial cover on both sides of the road; b) Partial cover on one side of the road; envelope, e = w+h1+h2 envelope, e = w+h1
c) Deep trench; d) Tall barriers or buildings; envelope, e = w+h1+h2 envelope, e = w+h1+h2 Key r road surface w width of open space h1 Developed length of element, e.g. cover, trench side, barrier or building h2 Developed length of element, e.g. cover, trench side, barrier or building NOTE Figure 1 is not to scale. Figure 1 — Sketch of the reverberant condition check in four cases SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 8 1 Scope This document describes a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation for traffic noise reducing devices: the sound insulation index. The test method is intended for the following applications: — determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either in situ or in laboratory conditions; — determination of the in situ intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices in actual use; — comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work; — verification of the long term performance of noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method); — interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals. The test method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches or under covers. Results are expressed as a function of frequency in one-third octave bands, where possible, between 100 Hz and 5 kHz. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results will be given in a restricted frequency range and the reasons for the restriction(s) will be clearly reported. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1793-3, Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic performance – Part 3: Normalized traffic noise spectrum EN 61672-1, Electroacoustics - Sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications (IEC 61672 1) ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement – Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 9 3.1 noise reducing device device that is designed to reduce the propagation of traffic noise away from the road environment Note 1 to entry: This may be a noise barrier, cladding, a road cover or an added device. These devices may include both acoustic and structural elements. 3.2 acoustical element element whose primary function is to provide the acoustic performance of the device 3.3 structural element element whose primary function is to support or hold in place acoustic elements 3.4 sound insulation index result of airborne sound insulation test described by Formula (1) 3.5 reference height height hS equal to half the height, hB, of the noise reducing device under test: hS = hB/2 (see Figures 2 and 3) Note 1 to entry: When the height of the device under test is greater than 4 m and, for practical reasons, it is not advisable to have a height of the source hS = hB/2, it is possible to have hS = 2 m, accepting the corresponding low frequency limitation (see 4.5.8). 3.6 source reference plane plane facing the sound source side of the noise reducing device and touching the most protruding parts of the device under test within the tested area (see Figures 2, 4 and 9) Note 1 to entry: The device under test includes both structural and acoustic elements. 3.7 microphone reference plane plane facing the receiver side of the noise reducing device and touching the most protruding parts of the device under test within the tested area (see Figures 4 and 9) Note 1 to entry: The device under test includes both structural and acoustic elements. 3.8 source reference position position facing the side to be exposed to noise when the device is in place, located at the reference height hS and placed so that its horizontal distance to the source reference plane is ds = 1 m (see Figures 2, 5, 8 and 9) Note 1 to entry: The actual dimensions of the loudspeaker used for the background research on which this document is based are: 0,40 m x 0,285 m x 0,285 m (length x width x height). SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 10 3.9 measurement grid for sound insulation index measurements vertical measurement grid constituted of nine equally spaced points Note 1 to entry: A microphone is placed at each point (see Figures 3, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 4.5.4 and 4.5.5). 3.10 barrier thickness distance tB between the source reference plane and the microphone reference plane at a height equal to the reference height hS (see Figures 4, 8 and 9) 3.11 free-field measurement measurement taken with the loudspeaker and the microphone in an acoustic free field in order to avoid reflections from any nearby object, including the ground (see Figure 6) 3.12 Adrienne temporal window composite temporal window described in 4.5.6 3.13 background noise noise coming from sources other than the source emitting the test signal 3.14 signal-to-noise ratio, S/N difference in decibels between the level of the test signal and the level of the background noise at the moment of detection of the test signal (within the Adrienne temporal window) 3.15 impulse response time signal at the output of a system when a Dirac function is applied to the input Note 1 to entry:
function, is the mathematical idealization of a signal that is infinitely short in time which carries a unit amount of energy. SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 11
Key 1 source reference plane 4 loudspeaker front panel 2 noise reducing device height, hB [m] 5 distance between the loudspeaker front panel and source reference plane, dS [m] 3 reference height, hs [m]
Figure 2 — Sketch of the loudspeaker-microphone assembly in front of the noise reducing device under test for sound insulation index measurements (not to scale)
a) Measurement grid for sound insulation index measurements as seen from the receiver (not to scale) b) Numbering of the measurement points as seen from the receiver (not to scale) Key 1 noise reducing device height, hB (m) 2 reference height, hS (m) 3 orthogonal spacing between two adjacent microphones, s (m) Figure 3 — Measurement points as seen from the receiver SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 12
Key 1 sound source reference plane 4 noise reducing device height, hB [m] 2 microphone reference plane 5 reference height, hS [m] 3 noise reducing device thickness, tB, at height hS [m]
Figure 4— Sound source and microphone reference planes (side view, not to scale)
Key M measurement grid hB noise reducing device height (m) s distance between two vertical or horizontal microphones in the grid dS horizontal distance [loudspeaker - source reference plane] at height hs hS reference height dM horizontal distance [microphone 5 - microphone reference plane] at height hS Figure 5 — Placement of the sound source and measurement grid for sound insulation index measurement (side view, not to scale) SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 13
Key S loudspeaker front panel tB noise reducing device thickness at height hS M measurement grid dM horizontal distance [microphone 5 - microphone reference plane] at height hS hS reference height dT horizontal distance [loudspeaker – microphone 5] at height hS dS horizontal distance [loudspeaker - source reference plane] at height hS
NOTE =++TSBMddtd; see Formula (3). Figure 6 — Sketch of the set-up for the reference “free-field” sound measurement for the determination of the sound insulation index (not to scale) 4 Sound insulation index measurements 4.1 General principle The sound source emits a transient sound wave that travels toward the device under test and is partly reflected, partly transmitted and partly diffracted by it. The microphone placed on the other side of the device under test receives both the transmitted sound pressure wave travelling from the sound source through the device under test, and the sound pressure wave diffracted by the top edge of the device under test (for the test to be meaningful the diffraction from the lateral edges should be sufficiently delayed). If the measurement is repeated without the device under test between the loudspeaker and the microphone, the direct free-field wave can be acquired. The power spectra of the direct wave and the transmitted wave give the basis for calculating the sound insulation index. The sound insulation index shall be the logarithmic average of the values measured at nine points placed on the measurement grid (scanning points). See Figure 3 and Formula (1). The measurement shall take place in a sound field free from reflections within the Adrienne temporal window. For this reason, the acquisition of an impulse response having peaks as sharp as possible is recommended: in this way, the reflections coming from other surfaces can be identified from their delay time and rejected. 4.2 Measured quantity The expression used to compute the sound insulation index SI as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands, is: SIST EN 1793-6:2018
EN 1793-6:2018 (E) 14 ()()()()∆∆==−⋅∫∑∫221110lgjjtktknfjkikikfFhtwtdfSInFhtwtdf (1) where hik(t) is the incident reference component of the free-field impulse response at the kth scanning point; htk(t) is the transmitted component of the impulse response at the kth scanning point; wik(t) is the time window (Adrienne temporal window) for the incident reference component of the free-field impulse response at the kth scanning point; wtk(t) is the time window (Adrienne temporal window) for the transmitted component at the kth scanning point; F is the symbol of the Fourier transform; j is the index of the jth one-third octave frequency band (between 100 Hz and 5 kHz); fi is the width of the jth one-third octave frequency band; n = 9 is the number of scanning points. 4.3 Test arrangement The test method can be applied both in situ and on barriers purposely built to be tested using the method described here. In the second case, the specimen shall be built as follows (see Figure 7): — a part, composed of acoustic elements; — a post (if applicable for the specific noise reducing device under test); — a part, composed of acoustic elements. The test specimen shall be
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
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01-januar-2017
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Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for determining the acoustic
performance - Part 6: Intrinsic characteristics - In situ values of airborne sound insulation
under direct sound field conditions
Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der akustischen
Eigenschaften - Teil 6: Produktspezifische Merkmale - In-situ-Werte der
Luftschalldämmung in gerichteten Schallfeldern
Dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier - Méthode d'essai pour la détermination
de la performance acoustique - Partie 6: Caractéristiques intrinsèques - Valeurs in situ
d'isolation aux bruits aériens dans des conditions de champ acoustique direct
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1793-6
ICS:
17.140.30 Emisija hrupa transportnih Noise emitted by means of
sredstev transport
93.080.30 Cestna oprema in pomožne Road equipment and
naprave installations
oSIST prEN 1793-6:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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prEN 1793-6
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2016
ICS 17.140.30; 93.080.30 Will supersede EN 1793-6:2012
English Version
Road traffic noise reducing devices - Test method for
determining the acoustic performance - Part 6: Intrinsic
characteristics - In situ values of airborne sound insulation
under direct sound field conditions
Dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier - Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen - Prüfverfahren
Méthode d'essai pour la détermination de la zur Bestimmung der akustischen Eigenschaften - Teil
performance acoustique - Partie 6: Caractéristiques 6: Produktspezifische Merkmale - In-situ-Werte der
intrinsèques - Valeurs in situ d'isolation aux bruits Luftschalldämmung in gerichteten Schallfeldern
aériens dans des conditions de champ acoustique
direct
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 226.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1793-6:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Sound insulation index measurements . 12
4.1 General principle . 12
4.2 Measured quantity . 12
4.3 Test arrangement . 12
4.4 Measuring equipment . 17
4.4.1 Components of the measuring system . 17
4.4.2 Sound source . 17
4.4.3 Test signal . 17
4.5 Data processing . 18
4.5.1 Calibration . 18
4.5.2 Sample rate . 18
4.5.3 Background noise . 19
4.5.4 Scanning technique using a single microphone . 19
4.5.5 Scanning technique using nine microphones . 19
4.5.6 Adrienne temporal window . 20
4.5.7 Placement of the Adrienne temporal window . 21
4.5.8 Low frequency limit and sample size . 22
4.6 Positioning of the measuring equipment . 23
4.6.1 Selection of the measurement positions. 23
4.6.2 Post measurements . 24
4.6.3 Additional measurements. 24
4.6.4 Reflecting objects . 24
4.6.5 Safety considerations. 24
4.7 Sample surface and meteorological conditions . 25
4.7.1 Condition of the sample surface . 25
4.7.2 Wind . 25
4.7.3 Air temperature . 25
4.8 Single-number rating . 25
4.8.1 General . 25
4.8.2 Acoustic elements . 25
4.8.3 Posts . 26
4.8.4 Global . 26
5 Measurement uncertainty . 26
6 Measuring procedure . 27
7 Test report . 27
Annex A (normative) Categorisation of single-number rating . 29
Annex B (informative) Guidance note on use of the single-number rating. 30
Annex C (informative) Measurement uncertainty . 31
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C.1 General . 31
C.2 Measurement uncertainty based upon reproducibility data . 31
C.3 Standard deviation of repeatability and reproducibility of the sound reflection index . 31
Annex D (informative) Template of test report on airborne sound insulation of road traffic
noise reducing devices . 34
D.1 General . 34
D.2 Test setup (example) . 35
D.3 Test object and test situation (example). 37
D.4 Results (example) . 40
D.4.1 Part 1 – Results for ‘element’ in tabular form . 40
D.4.2 Part 2 – Results for ‘element’ in graphic form . 41
D.4.3 Part 3 – Results for ‘post’ in tabular form . 42
D.4.4 Part 4 – Results for ‘post’ in graphic form. 43
D.4.5 Part 5 – Results for global condition (average of ‘element’ and ‘post’) in tabular form . 44
D.4.6 Part 6 – Results for global condition (average of ‘element’ and ‘post’) in graphic form . 45
D.5 Uncertainty (example) . 45
Bibliography . 48
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European foreword
This document (prEN 1793-6:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road
equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This European Standard has been prepared, under the direction of Technical Committee CEN/TC 226
“Road equipment”, by Working Group 6 “Anti noise devices”.
This document will supersede EN 1793 6:2012.
With respect to the superseded document, the following changes have been made:
— An improved definition of the test signal and considerations about the Signal to Noise (S/N) ratio;
— Clarification on the calculation of single number ratings for qualification purposes and other
purposes;
— The declaration of measurement uncertainty and the related confidence level is now mandatory.
The reported uncertainties have an impact on the determination of informative categories of single
number rating performance; depending on the performance of the product this could potentially
result in products being 'downgraded' to a lower category. As a result, the informative annex in the
previous version of this European Standard that addressed categories of single number rating has
been removed. The performance of the noise reducing device is, from now on, only to be reported
in terms of the numeric values of the single number rating.
— Revised information on the determination of measurement uncertainty.
EN 1793-6 is part of a series of documents and should be read in conjunction with the following:
— EN 1793-1, Road traffic noise reducing devices — Test method for determining the acoustic
performance — Part 1: Intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption under diffuse sound field
conditions;
— EN 1793-2, Road traffic noise reducing devices — Test method for determining the acoustic
performance — Part 2: Intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation under diffuse sound field
conditions;
— EN 1793-3, Road traffic noise reducing devices — Test method for determining the acoustic
performance — Part 3: Normalized traffic noise spectrum;
— EN 1793-4, Road traffic noise reducing devices — Test method for determining the acoustic
performance — Part 4: Intrinsic characteristics — In situ values of sound diffraction;
— EN 1793-5, Road traffic noise reducing devices — Test method for determining the acoustic
performance — Part 5: Intrinsic characteristics — In situ values of sound reflection under direct
sound field conditions.
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Introduction
Noise reducing devices alongside roads need to provide adequate sound insulation so that sound
transmitted through the device is not significant compared with the sound diffracted over the top. This
European Standard specifies a test method for assessing the intrinsic airborne sound insulation
performance for noise reducing devices designed for roads in non-reverberant conditions. It can be
applied in situ, i.e. where the noise reducing devices are installed. The method can be applied without
damaging the surface.
The method can be used to qualify products to be installed along roads as well as to verify the
compliance of installed noise reducing devices to design specifications. Regular application of the
method can be used to verify the long term performance of noise reducing devices.
The method requires the averaging of results of measurements taken at different points behind the
device under test. The method is able to investigate flat and non-flat products.
The method uses the same principles and equipment for measuring sound reflection (see EN 1793-5)
and airborne sound insulation (the present document).
The measurement results of this method for airborne sound insulation are comparable but not identical
with the results of the EN 1793-2 method, mainly because the present method uses a directional sound
field, while the EN 1793-2 method assumes a diffuse sound field (where all angles of incidence are
equally probable). Research studies suggest that good correlation exists between laboratory data,
measured according to EN 1793-2 and field data, measured according to the method described in the
present document [4], [5], [6], [7], [15].
The test method described in this European Standard should not be used to determine the intrinsic
characteristics of airborne sound insulation for noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant
conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches or under covers.
For the purpose of this European Standard, reverberant conditions are defined based on the geometric
envelope, e, across the road formed by the barriers, trench sides or buildings (the envelope does not
include the road surface) as shown by the dashed lines in Figure 1. Conditions are defined as being
reverberant when the percentage of open space in the envelope is less than or equal to 25 %, i.e.
reverberant conditions occur when w/e ≤ 0,25, where e = (w+h +h ).
1 2
This European Standard introduces a specific quantity, called sound insulation index, to define the
airborne sound insulation of a noise reducing device. This quantity should not be confused with the
sound reduction index used in building acoustics, sometimes also called transmission loss. Research
studies suggest that a very good correlation exists between data measured according to EN 1793-2 and
data measured according to the method described in this document.
NOTE This method may be used to qualify noise reducing devices for other applications, e.g. to be installed
nearby industrial sites. In this case, the single-number ratings will preferably be calculated using an appropriate
spectrum.
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a) Partial cover on both sides of the road; b) Partial cover on one side of the road;
envelope, e = w+h +h envelope, e = w+h +h
1 2 1 2
c) Deep trench; d) Tall barriers or buildings;
envelope, e = w+h +h envelope, e = w+h +h
1 2 1 2
Key
r road surface
w width of open space
NOTE Figure 1 is not to scale.
Figure 1 — Sketch of the reverberant condition check in four cases
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1 Scope
This European Standard describes a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the
intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation for traffic noise reducing devices: the sound
insulation index.
The test method is intended for the following applications:
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices
to be installed along roads, to be measured either in situ or in laboratory conditions;
— determination of the in situ intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing
devices in actual use;
— comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the
construction work;
— verification of the long term performance of noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of
the method);
— interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
The test method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound
insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep
trenches or under covers.
Results are expressed as a function of frequency in one-third octave bands, where possible, between
100 Hz and 5 kHz. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range
indicated, the results need to be given in a restricted frequency range and the reasons for the
restriction(s) need to be clearly reported.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1793-3, Road traffic noise reducing devices — Test method for determining the acoustic performance
— Part 3: Normalized traffic noise spectrum
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
measurement (GUM:1995)
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
noise reducing device
device that is designed to reduce the propagation of traffic noise away from the road environment
Note 1 to entry: This may be a noise barrier, cladding, a road cover or an added device. These devices may
include both acoustic and structural elements.
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3.2
acoustical elements
elements whose primary function is to provide the acoustic performance of the device
3.3
structural elements
elements whose primary function is to support or hold in place acoustic elements
3.4
sound insulation index
result of airborne sound insulation test described by Formula (1)
3.5
reference height
height h equal to half the height, h , of the noise reducing device under test: h = h /2 (see Figures 2
S B S B
and 3)
Note 1 to entry: When the height of the device under test is greater than 4 m and, for practical reasons, it is not
advisable to have a height of the source h = h /2, it is possible to have h = 2 m, accepting the corresponding low
S B S
frequency limitation (see 4.5.8).
3.6
source reference plane for sound insulation index measurements
plane facing the sound source side of the noise reducing device and touching the most protruding parts
of the device under test within the tested area (see Figures 2, 4 and 9)
Note 1 to entry: The device under test includes both structural and acoustic elements.
3.7
microphone reference plane
plane facing the receiver side of the noise reducing device and touching the most protruding parts of the
device under test within the tested area (see Figures 4 and 9)
Note 1 to entry: The device under test includes both structural and acoustic elements.
3.8
source reference position
position facing the side to be exposed to noise when the device is in place, located at the reference
height h and placed so that its horizontal distance to the source reference plane is d = 1 m (see Figures
S s
2, 5, 8 and 9)
Note 1 to entry: The actual dimensions of the loudspeaker used for the background research on which this
European Standard is based are: 0,40 m x 0,285 m x 0,285 m (length x width x height).
3.9
measurement grid for sound insulation index measurements
vertical measurement grid constituted of nine equally spaced points
Note 1 to entry: A microphone is placed at each point (see Figures 3, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 4.5).
3.10
barrier thickness for sound insulation index measurements
distance t between the source reference plane and the microphone reference plane at a height equal to
B
the reference height h (see Figures 4, 8 and 9)
S
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3.11
free-field measurement for sound insulation index measurements
measurement taken with the loudspeaker and the microphone in an acoustic free field in order to avoid
reflections from any nearby object, including the ground (see Figure 6)
3.12
Adrienne temporal window
composite temporal window described in 4.5.6
3.13
background noise
noise coming from sources other than the source emitting the test signal
3.14
signal-to-noise ratio, S/N
difference in decibels between the level of the test signal and the level of the background noise at the
moment of detection of the useful event (within the Adrienne temporal window)
3.15
impulse response
time signal at the output of a system when a Dirac function is applied to the input
Note 1 to entry: The Dirac function, also called δ function, is the mathematical idealisation of a signal that is
infinitely short in time which carries a unit amount of energy.
Key
1 source reference plane 4 loudspeaker front panel
2 noise reducing device height, h 5 distance between the loudspeaker front panel and
B
[m] source reference plane, d [m]
SB
3 loudspeaker height, h [m]
s
Figure 2 — Sketch of the loudspeaker-microphone assembly in front of the noise reducing device
under test for sound insulation index measurements (not to scale)
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Key
1 Noise reducing device height, h (m)
B
2 reference height, h (m)
S
3 Orthogonal spacing between two adjacent
microphones, s (m)
Figure 3(a) — Measurement grid for sound Figure 3(b) — Numbering of the measurement
insulation index measurements as seen from points as seen from the receiver (not to scale)
the receiver (not to scale)
Key
1 sound source reference plane 4 noise reducing device height, h [m]
B
2 microphone reference plane 5 reference height, h [m]
S
3 noise reducing device thickness, t , at height
B
h [m]
S
Figure 4— Sound source and microphone reference planes (side view, not to scale)
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Key
M measurement grid h noise reducing device height (m)
B
s distance between two vertical or horizontal d horizontal distance [loudspeaker - source
S
microphones in the grid reference plane] at height h
s
h reference height d horizontal distance [microphone 5 - source
S M
reference plane] at height h
S
Figure 5 — Placement of the sound source and measurement grid for sound insulation index
measurement (side view, not to scale)
Key
S loudspeaker front panel tB Noise reducing device thickness at height hS
M measurement grid d horizontal distance [microphone 5 - source
M
reference plane] at height h
S
h reference height d horizontal distance [loudspeaker -
S T
microphone 5] at height h
S
d horizontal distance [loudspeaker - source
S
reference plane] at height h
S
NOTE d =d +t +d ; see Formula (3).
T S B M
Figure 6 — Sketch of the set-up for the reference “free-field” sound measurement for the
determination of the sound insulation index (not to scale)
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4 Sound insulation index measurements
4.1 General principle
The sound source emits a transient sound wave that travels toward the device under test and is partly
reflected, partly transmitted and partly diffracted by it. The microphone placed on the other side of the
device under test receives both the transmitted sound pressure wave travelling from the sound source
through the device under test, and the sound pressure wave diffracted by the top edge of the device
under test (for the test to be meaningful the diffraction from the lateral edges should be sufficiently
delayed). If the measurement is repeated without the device under test between the loudspeaker and
the microphone, the direct free-field wave can be acquired. The power spectra of the direct wave and
the transmitted wave give the basis for calculating the sound insulation index.
The sound insulation index shall be the logarithmic average of the values measured at nine points
placed on the measurement grid (scanning points). See Figure 3 and Formula (1).
The measurement shall take place in a sound field free from reflections within the Adrienne temporal
window. For this reason, the acquisition of an impulse response having peaks as sharp as possible is
recommended: in this way, the reflections coming from other surfaces can be identified from their delay
time and rejected.
4.2 Measured quantity
The expression used to compute the sound insulation index SI as a function of frequency, in one-third
octave bands, is:
2
F h (t)w (t) df
tk tk
∫
n
∆f
1 j
SI =−10⋅lg
j
∑
2
n
k=1 Fh t w t df
() ()
ik ik
∫
∆f
j
(1)
where
h (t) is the
...
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