SIST EN 993-1:2019
(Main)Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 1: Determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 1: Determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity
This Part of EN 993 specifies a method for the determination of the bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity of dense shaped refractory products.
NOTE For shaped insulating refractory products, the bulk density and true porosity are determined in accordance with EN 1094-4.
Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 1: Bestimmung der Rohdichte, offenen Porosität und Gesamtporosität
Dieser Teil der EN 993 legt ein Verfahren für die Bestimmung der Rohdichte, offenen Porosität und der Gesamtporosität von dichten geformten feuerfesten Erzeugnissen fest.
ANMERKUNG Bei dichten geformten feuerfesten Erzeugnissen für Isolationszwecke werden Rohdichte und Gesamtporosität nach EN 1094 4 bestimmt.
Méthodes d'essai pour produits réfractaires façonnés denses - Partie 1 : Détermination de la masse volumique apparente, de la porosité ouverte et de la porosité totale
La présente partie de l’EN 993 spécifie une méthode de détermination de la masse volumique apparente, de la porosité ouverte et de la porosité totale des produits réfractaires façonnés denses.
NOTE Pour les produits réfractaires isolants façonnés, la masse volumique apparente et la porosité totale sont déterminées conformément à l’EN 1094-4.
Metode za preskušanje gostih oblikovanih ognjevzdržnih izdelkov - 1. del: Ugotavljanje prostorninske mase, navidezne poroznosti in prave poroznosti
Ta del standarda EN 993 določa metodo za ugotavljanje prostorninske mase, navidezne poroznosti in prave poroznosti gostih oblikovanih ognjevzdržnih izdelkov.
OPOMBA: Prostorninska masa in prava poroznost oblikovanih toplotnoizolacijskih ognjevzdržnih izdelkov sta določeni v skladu s standardom EN 1094-4.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 993-1:2019
01-februar-2019
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 993-1:1998
Metode za preskušanje gostih oblikovanih ognjevzdržnih izdelkov - 1. del:
Ugotavljanje prostorninske mase, navidezne poroznosti in prave poroznosti
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 1: Determination of bulk
density, apparent porosity and true porosity
Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 1: Bestimmung der
Rohdichte, offenen Porosität und Gesamtporosität
Méthodes d'essai pour produits réfractaires façonnés denses - Partie 1 : Détermination
de la masse volumique apparente, de la porosité ouverte et de la porosité totale
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 993-1:2018
ICS:
81.080 Ognjevzdržni materiali Refractories
SIST EN 993-1:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 993-1:2019
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SIST EN 993-1:2019
EN 993-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 81.080 Supersedes EN 993-1:1995
English Version
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products -
Part 1: Determination of bulk density, apparent porosity
and true porosity
Méthodes d'essai pour produits réfractaires façonnés Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste
denses - Partie 1 : Détermination de la masse Erzeugnisse - Teil 1: Bestimmung der Rohdichte,
volumique apparente, de la porosité ouverte et de la offenen Porosität und Gesamtporosität
porosité totale
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 October 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 993-1:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 993-1:2019
EN 993-1:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle . 7
5 Apparatus . 7
6 Test pieces . 7
7 Procedure. 8
7.1 Determination of mass of dry test piece (m ) . 8
1
7.2 Soaking of test piece . 8
7.3 Determination of apparent mass of immersed test piece (m ) . 9
2
7.4 Determination of mass of soaked test piece (m ) . 9
3
7.5 Determination of density of immersion liquid . 9
8 Expression of results . 10
8.1 Bulk density . 10
8.2 Apparent porosity . 10
8.3 True porosity . 10
9 Test report . 11
10 Precision and bias . 12
10.1 Interlaboratory study . 12
10.2 Precision data . 12
10.2.1 Repeatability . 12
10.2.2 Reproducibility . 12
10.2.3 Bias . 12
Bibliography . 14
2
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SIST EN 993-1:2019
EN 993-1:2018 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 993-1:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory
products and materials”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 993-1:1995.
It is closely based on the corresponding International Standard, ISO 5017 “Dense shaped refractory
products - Determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity”.
Reproducibility and repeatability data are available only for a limited number of testing methods and
materials, but may be complemented in subsequent edition.
The series of standards EN 993 'Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products' consists of 20
Parts, some of which have been withdrawn and replaced by equivalent standards:
— Part 1: Determination of bulk density and porosity
— Part 2: Determination of true density
— Part 3: Test methods for carbon-containing refractories
— Part 4: Determination of permeability to gases
— Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength
— Part 6: Determination of modulus rupture, ambient temperatures
— Part 7: Determination of modulus of rupture, elevated temperatures
— Part 8 Determination of refractoriness under load – withdrawn – replaced by EN ISO 1893
— Part 9: Determination of creep in compression
— Part 10: Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating
— Part 11: Determination of resistance to thermal shock (ENV)
— Part 12: Determination of pyrometric cone equivalent
— Part 13: Specification for pyrometric cones
— Part 14: Determination of thermal conductivity (hot wire, cross array) – withdrawn – replaced by
EN ISO 8894-1
— Part 15: Determination of thermal conductivity (hot wire, parallel)
3
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SIST EN 993-1:2019
EN 993-1:2018 (E)
— Part 16: Determination of resistance to acids
— Part 17: Determination of bulk density of granular material (mercury method)
— Part 18: Determination of bulk density of granular material (water method)
— Part 19: Determination of thermal expansion by a differential method
— Part 20: Determination of resistance to abrasion at ambient temperature – withdrawn – replaced by
EN ISO 16282
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
4
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SIST EN 993-1:2019
EN 993-1:2018 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of the bulk density, apparent porosity and true
porosity of dense shaped refractory products.
NOTE For shaped insulating refractory products, the bulk density and true porosity are determined in
accordance with EN 1094-4.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 993-2, Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products — Part 2: Determination of true density
ISO 5022, Shaped refractory products — Sampling and acceptance testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
bulk density
ρ
b
ratio of the mass of the dry material of a porous body to its bulk volume, expressed in grams per cubic
centimetre or in kilograms per cubic metre
3.2
bulk volume
V
b
sum of the volumes of the solid material, the open pores and the closed pores in a porous body
Note 1 to entry: The roughness of the surface limits the accuracy of definition of the bulk volume and, in
consequence, of the bulk density. Also, the concept of bulk density becomes less precise when the volume of the
test piece diminishes below certain limits or when its texture (size of pores and grains) is too coarse.
3.3
true density
ρ
t
ratio of the mass of the solid material of a porous body to its true volume, expressed in grams per cubic
centimetre or in kilograms per cubic metre
3.4
true volume
volume of the solid material in a porous body
5
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SIST EN 993-1:2019
EN 993-1:2018 (E)
3.5
open pores
pores that are penetrated by the immersion liquid in the current test
Note 1 to entry: These pores are, in principle, all those that are connected with the atmosphere, either directly
or via one another. Here also the roughness of the surface imposes a limit to the accuracy of the definition of the
volume of the open pores.
3.6
closed pores
pores that are not penetrated by the immersion liquid in the current test
3.7
apparent porosity
π
a
ratio of the total volume of the open pores in a porous body to its bulk volume, expressed as a
percentage of the bulk volume
3.8
closed porosity
π
c
ratio of the total volume of the closed pores in a porous body to its bulk volume, expressed as a
percentage of the bulk volume
3.9
true porosity
π
t
ratio of the total volume of the open and closed pores to the bulk volume of the material, expressed as a
percentage
Note 1 to entry: Consequently, the true porosity is the sum of the apparent porosity and the closed porosity.
3.10
dense shaped refractory product
product with specific dimensions, having a true porosity of less than 45 % by volume, when measured
in accordance with the current test
3.11
sample
representative collection of items that can be obtained by sampling in accordance with ISO 5022
3.12
item
refractory brick or shape
3.13
test piece
piece of material e
...
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