SIST EN 60861:2008

Equipment for monitoring of radionuclides in liquid effluents and surface waters

This International Standard defines technical requirements for equipment for monitoring of alpha-, beta- or gamma-emitting radionuclides in liquid effluents and surface waters, provides some general guidance as to the possible detection capability of such equipment and indicates when and where its uses may be practicable. NOTE Alpha monitoring in liquids is a possibility that has been demonstrated using a concentration device and collection of the concentrate in a filter, so this standard may also be applicable to alpha monitoring in liquids. This standard is applicable to equipment for continuous monitoring of the activity: - in liquid effluents which could be released in the environment during normal operations; - in environmental waters. This standard does not apply to equipment specifically for use in accident conditions that may require additional capabilities. This standard is restricted to equipment for continuous monitoring of gross alpha or gross beta of maximum energy higher than 150 keV or gamma activity in liquid effluent streams and environmental waters. It does not deal with sample extraction and laboratory analysis. The object of this standard is to lay down general requirements and give examples of acceptable methods for equipment to monitor continuously the activity of water. This International Standard specifies, for the equipment described in the scope, the general characteristics, general test procedures, radiation, electrical, safety and environmental characteristics, and the identification and certification of the equipment. Performance requirements for the safe operation of electrical equipment are provided in IEC 61010-1. These safety requirements and corresponding tests are applicable if the manufacturer wants to, or is required to, label its equipment with the appropriate safety mark (for example, CE, UL, etc.). This standard is applicable to water monitors intended to fulfil the following functions: - measurement of the volumetric activity or count rate (see 5.1.2) due to radionuclides in the liquid and its variation with time; - actuation of an alarm when a limit value of volumetric activity or count rate in water is exceeded. Annex A gives some guidance for use with radioactive water monitors.

Einrichtungen zur Überwachung von Radionukliden in flüssigen Ableitungen und Oberflächengewässern

Equipements pour la surveillance des radionucléides dans les effluents liquides et les eaux de surface

Définit les exigences techniques pour les appareils de surveillance des radionucléides émetteurs alpha, bêta ou gamma dans les effluents liquides et dans les eaux de surface. Donne des directives générales sur les aptitudes de tels équipements et indique où et quand ils peuvent être utilisés.

Oprema za spremljanje radionuklidov v odplakah in površinskih vodah (IEC 60861:2006, spremenjen)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 11-Jun-2008
• ICS: 13.280 - Radiation protection
• Technical Committee: I09 - Imaginarni 09
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 29-May-2008
• Due Date: 03-Aug-2008
• Completion Date: 12-Jun-2008
• Ref Project: EN 60861:2008 - Equipment for monitoring of radionuclides in liquid effluents and surface waters

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 60861:2008
01-julij-2008
Oprema za spremljanje radionuklidov v odplakah in površinskih vodah (IEC
60861:2006, spremenjen)
Equipment for monitoring of radionuclides in liquid effluents and surface waters
Einrichtungen zur Überwachung von Radionukliden in flüssigen Ableitungen und
Oberflächengewässern
Equipements pour la surveillance des radionucléides dans les effluents liquides et les
eaux de surface
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60861:2008
ICS:
13.280 Varstvo pred sevanjem Radiation protection
SIST EN 60861:2008 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60861

NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2008
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

ICS 13.280


English version


Equipment for monitoring of radionuclides
in liquid effluents and surface waters
(IEC 60861:2006, modified)


Equipements pour la surveillance  Einrichtungen zur Überwachung von
des radionucléides dans les effluents Radionukliden in flüssigen Ableitungen
liquides et les eaux de surface und Oberflächengewässern
(CEI 60861:2006, modifiée) (IEC 60861:2006, modifiziert)




This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-02-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels


© 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60861:2008 E

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EN 60861:2008 – 2 –
Foreword

The text of the International Standard IEC 60861:2006, prepared by SC 45B, Radiation
protection instrumentation, of IEC TC 45, Nuclear instrumentation, together with the common
modifications prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 45B, Radiation protection
instrumentation, was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 60861 on 2008-02-01.

The following dates were fixed :

– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-02-01

– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-02-01

Clauses, subclauses, notes, tables and figures which are additional to those in IEC 60861 are
prefixed “Z”.


Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________

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– 3 – EN 60861:2008

Endorsement notice

The text of International Standard IEC 60861:2006 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard with agreed common modifications as given below.

COMMON MODIFICATIONS

1 Scope
In the first sentence of the fourth paragraph replace “continuous monitoring” with
“continuous monitoring (including discrete sequential measurement)”.
In the last sentence of the fourth paragraph replace “extraction and laboratory
analysis” with “extraction followed by laboratory analysis”.

2 Normative references
Add the following:
ISO 11929 (Series) Determination of the detection limit and decision threshold for
ionizing radiation measurements

3 Terms and definitions
3.1 water monitor
Replace the definition with “equipment intended for monitoring of radionuclides in
liquid effluents and surface waters”.

3.3 continuous measurement
Delete the whole definition.

3.5 discrete sequential measurement
Add the following note:
NOTE Z  Immediately after collection of the sample the activity of the sample will be measured, during
the time the next sample is collected. The time between taking each sample should be as short as
possible.

3.11 total equivalent window thickness (density thickness)
Replace “medium measured” with “surface of the medium of deposition to be
measured”.
Add at the end of the NOTE “… and the sample container (if any).”

3.16 decision threshold
Replace the first sentence of NOTE 1 with “The decision threshold is the critical
value of a statistical test designed in such a way that the probability of wrongly
rejecting the null hypothesis (H : the physical effect is not present) (error of the first
0
kind) is equal to a given value α.”.

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EN 60861:2008 – 4 –
3.25 sensitivity
Replace the first sentence with “for a given value of the measured quantity, the ratio
of the observed indication to the corresponding conventionally true value of the
measured quantity”.
Add the following note:
NOTE Z  This definition is specific to this standard.

5 Equipment design
5.1 Measurement and indication characteristics
5.1.1 Measurement characteristics
Add the following note below the current text:
NOTE Z  The decision threshold is calculated according to ISO 11929 series.

5.3 Sampling assembly
5.3.1 Sampling and exhaust pipes
Add “radioactive contamination” between “minimize” and “particle traps”.

6 Test procedures
6.5 Test sources
6.5.1 Reference sources
204 137
In the second paragraph delete “ Tl, or Cs,”.

7 Radiation performance tests
7.3 Linearity
7.3.2 Requirements
In the last sentence replace “reference curve” with “reference straight line”.

7.12 Influence of materials in suspension in liquid on activity measurement
7.12.2 Test method
In the second sentence of the first paragraph replace “conductivity of the used
solution shall” with “conductivity of the used solution should”.

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– 5 – EN 60861:2008

Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
IEC 60038 (mod) 1983 IEC standard voltages HD 472 S1 1989
 + corr. February 2002
A1 1994 A1 1995
+ A2 1997
IEC 60050-393 2003 International Electrotechnical - -
Vocabulary -
Part 393: Nuclear
instrumentation - Physical
phenomena and basic concepts
IEC 60050-394 1995 International Electrotechnical - -
+ A1 1996 Vocabulary -
+ A2 2000 Chapter 394: Nuclear
instrumentation - Instruments
IEC 60068-2-38 1974 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-38 1999
Part 2: Tests - Test Z/AD:
Composite temperature/humidity
cyclic test
IEC 61000-4-2 1995 Electromagnetic compatibility EN 61000-4-2 1995
A1 1998 (EMC) - A1 1998
A2 2000 Part 4-2: Testing and A2 2001
measurement techniques -
Electrostatic discharge immunity
test
IEC 61000-4-3 2006 Electromagnetic compatibility EN 61000-4-3 2006
(EMC) -
Part 4-3: Testing and
measurement techniques -
Radiated, radio-frequency,
electromagnetic field immunity
test
IEC 61000-4-4 2004 Electromagnetic compatibility EN 61000-4-4 2004
(EMC) -
Part 4-4: Testing and
measurement techniques -
Electrical fast transient/burst
immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5 2005 Electromagnetic compatibility EN 61000-4-5 2006
(EMC) -
Part 4-5: Testing and
measurement techniques -
Surge immunity test
———————
1)
The title of HD 472 S1 is “Nominal voltages for low-voltage public electricity supply systems”.

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

EN 60861:2008 – 6 –
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
2)
IEC 61000-4-6 2003 Electromagnetic compatibility 2007
EN 61000-4-6
+ A1 2004 (EMC) - + corr. August 2007
Part 4-6: Testing and
measurement techniques -
Immunity to conducted
disturbances, induced by
radio-frequency fields
IEC 61000-4-11 2004 Electromagnetic compatibility EN 61000-4-11 2004
(EMC) -
Part 4-11: Testing and
measurement techniques -
Voltage dips, short interruptions
and voltage variations immunity
tests
3)
IEC 61000-4-12 1995 Electromagnetic compatibility EN 61000-4-12 1995
A1 2000 (EMC) - A1 2001
Part 4-12: Testing and
measurement techniques -
Oscillatory waves immunity test
4)
IEC 61000-6-4 1997 Electromagnetic compatibility EN 61000-6-4 2001
(mod) (EMC) -
Part 6: Generic standards –
Section 4: Emission standard for
industrial environments
IEC 61010-1 2001 Safety requirements for EN 61010-1 2001
 electrical equipment for + corr. June 2002
measurement, control, and
laboratory use -
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61187 (mod) 1993 Electrical and electronic EN 61187 1994
measuring equipment - + corr. March 1995
Documentation
ISO/IEC Guide 98 1995 Guide to the expression of - -
uncertainty in measurement
(GUM)
ISO 10012 2003 Measurement management EN ISO 10012 2003
systems - Requirements for
measurement processes and
measuring equipment

———————
2)
EN 61000-4-6 includes A1:2004 + A2:2006 to IEC 61000-4-6.
3)
EN 61000-4-12 is superseded by EN 61000-4-18:2007, which is based on IEC 61000-4-18:2006.
4)
EN 61000-6-4 is superseded by EN 61000-6-4:2007, which is based on IEC 61000-6-4:2006.

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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC



60861
INTERNATIONAL


Deuxième édition
STANDARD

Second edition

2006-08


Equipements pour la surveillance
des radionucléides dans les effluents liquides
et les eaux de surface

Equipment for monitoring of radionuclides
in liquid effluents and surface waters

 IEC 2006 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: [phone] Telefax: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail] Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
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PRICE CODE
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International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

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60861  IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7

1 Scope.11
2 Normative references .13
3 Terms and definitions .15
4 Classification of equipment.25
5 Equipment design.25
5.1 Measurement and indication characteristics .25
5.2 Reliability .27
5.3 Sampling assembly .27
5.4 Detection assembly .29
5.5 Control assembly.31
5.6 Measurement assembly.31
5.7 Alarm assembly.31
5.8 Indication facilities.33
5.9 Facilities for operational testing.33
5.10 Installation and maintenance facilities .33
5.11 Ambient ionizing radiation protection devices .35
5.12 User safety.35
5.13 Electromagnetic compatibility .35
5.14 Power supply.37
6 Test procedures .37
6.1 General .37
6.2 Tests performed under standard test conditions .37
6.3 Tests performed with variation of influence quantities.39
6.4 Metrological characteristics .39
6.5 Test sources .39
7 Radiation performance tests .41
7.1 Reference response .41
7.2 Sensitivity and relative response of the equipment for a solid source .43
7.3 Linearity .43
7.4 Repeatability of the equipment .45
7.5 Reproducibility of results of measurements .47
7.6 Response time .47
7.7 Uniformity of the protective screens for the beta detector .49
7.8 Overload test.51
7.9 Response to other artificial radionuclides .51
222
7.10 Response to Rn progeny dissolved in water.51
7.11 Response to ambient gamma radiation.53
7.12 Influence of materials in suspension in liquid on activity measurement .55
8 Liquid circuit performance tests .57
8.1 General .57
8.2 Flow-rate stability .57
8.3 Cleaning efficiency .57

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60861  IEC:2006 – 5 –
9 Electrical performance tests .59
9.1 Warm-up time – Detection and measurement assemblies .59
9.2 Power-supply variations .59
9.3 Power-supply transient effects.61
9.4 Alarm-trip stability .61
9.5 Alarm-trip range .61
9.6 Fault alarm .63
10 Environmental performance test .63
10.1 Ambient temperature .63
10.2 Relative humidity.65
10.3 External electromagnetic immunity and electrostatic discharge .65
10.4 Electromagnetic emission.65
11 Type test report .65
12 Certificate.67
13 Operation and maintenance manual .67

Annex A (informative) Guidance for use with radioactive water monitors.77
Annex B (informative) Realization of an artificial effluent for testing .81

Table 1 – Reference and standard test conditions.69
Table 2 – Tests performed under standard test conditions .71
Table 3 – Tests performed with variation of influence quantities.73
Table 4 – Tests of liquid circuit .75

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60861  IEC:2006 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

EQUIPMENT FOR MONITORING OF RADIONUCLIDES
IN LIQUID EFFLUENTS AND SURFACE WATERS


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60861 has been prepared by subcommittee 45B: Radiation
protection instrumentation, of IEC technical committee 45: Nuclear instrumentation.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1987 and the first
edition of IEC 61311 published in 1995.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) taking into account of the main technological evolutions, notably the feasibility of
continuous monitoring of alpha radioactivity in liquids;
b) tests of electromagnetic compatibility.

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60861  IEC:2006 – 9 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
45B/499/FDIS 45B/518/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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60861  IEC:2006 – 11 –
EQUIPMENT FOR MONITORING OF RADIONUCLIDES
IN LIQUID EFFLUENTS AND SURFACE WATERS



1 Scope
This International Standard defines technical requirements for equipment for monitoring of
alpha-, beta- or gamma-emitting radionuclides in liquid effluents and surface waters, provides
some general guidance as to the possible detection capability of such equipment and
indicates when and where its uses may be practicable.
NOTE Alpha monitoring in liquids is a possibility that has been demonstrated using a concentration device and
collection of the concentrate in a filter, so this standard may also be applicable to alpha monitoring in liquids.
This standard is applicable to equipment for continuous monitoring of the activity:
– in liquid effluents which could be released in the environment during normal operations;
– in environmental waters.
This standard does not apply to equipment specifically for use in accident conditions that may
require additional capabilities.
This standard is restricted to equipment for continuous monitoring of gross alpha or gross
beta of maximum energy higher than 150 keV or gamma activity in liquid effluent streams and
environmental waters. It does not deal with sample extraction and laboratory analysis.
The object of this standard is to lay down general requirements and give examples of
acceptable methods for equipment to monitor continuously the activity of water.
This International Standard specifies, for the equipment described in the scope, the general
characteristics, general test procedures, radiation, electrical, safety and environmental
characteristics, and the identification and certification of the equipment. Performance
requirements for the safe operation of electrical equipment are provided in IEC 61010-1.
These safety requirements and corresponding tests are applicable if the manufacturer wants
to, or is required to, label its equipment with the appropriate safety mark (for example, CE,
UL, etc.).
This standard is applicable to water monitors intended to fulfil the following functions:
– measurement of the volumetric activity or count rate (see 5.1.2) due to radionuclides in
the liquid and its variation with time;
– actuation of an alarm when a limit value of volumetric activity or count rate in water is
exceeded.
Annex A gives some guidance for use with radioactive water monitors.

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60861  IEC:2006 – 13 –
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60038:1983, IEC standard voltages
Amendment 1 (1994)
1
Amendment 2 (1997)
IEC 60050-393:2003, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 393: Nuclear
instrumentation – Physical phenomena and basic concepts
IEC 60050-394:1995, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 394: Nuclear
instrumentation – Instruments
Amendment 1 (1996)
Amendment 2 (2000)
IEC 60068-2-38:1974, Basic environmental testing procedures – Part 2-38: Tests − Test Z/AD:
Composite temperature/humidity cyclic test
IEC 61000-4-2:2001 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) − Part 4-2: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Electrostatic discharge immunity test
Amendment 1 (1998)
2
Amendment 2 (2000)
IEC 61000-4-3:2006, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-4:2004, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-6:2004, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields
3
Amendment 1 (2004)
IEC 61000-4-11:2004, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests
IEC 61000-4-12:1995, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-12: Testing and measure-
ment techniques – Oscillatory waves immunity test
4
Amendment 1 (2000)
IEC 61000-6-4:1997, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6: Generic standards –
Section 4: Emission standard for industrial environments
———————
1
There exists a consolidated edition 6.2 (2002) including edition 6.0 and its amendments 1 and 2.
2
There exists a consolidated edition 1.2 (2001) including edition 1.0 and its amendments 1 and 2.
3
There exists a consolidated edition 2.1 (2004) including edition 2.0 and its amendment 1.
4
There exists a consolidated edition 1.1 (2001) including edition 1.0 and its amendment 1.

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60861  IEC:2006 – 15 –
IEC 61010-1:2001, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control,
and laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements.
IEC 61187:1993, Electrical and electronic measuring equipment – Documentation
ISO Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM), 1995.
ISO 10012:2003, Measurement management systems – Requirements for measurement
processes and measuring equipment
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms
...