SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
(Main)Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment (ISO 14224:2016, Corrected version 2016-10-01)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment (ISO 14224:2016, Corrected version 2016-10-01)
This International Standard provides a comprehensive basis for the collection of reliability and maintenance (RM) data in a standard format for equipment in all facilities and operations within the petroleum, natural gas and petrochemical industries during the operational life cycle of equipment. It describes data collection principles and associated terms and definitions that constitute a “reliability language” that can be useful for communicating operational experience. The failure modes defined in the normative part of this International Standard can be used as a “reliability thesaurus” for various quantitative as well as qualitative applications. This International Standard also describes data quality control and assurance practices to provide guidance for the user.
Standardization of data collection practices facilitates the exchange of information between parties, e.g. plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors. This International Standard establishes requirements that any in-house or commercially available RM data system is required to meet when designed for RM data exchange. Examples, guidelines and principles for the exchange and merging of such RM data are addressed. This International Standard also provides a framework and guidelines for establishing performance objectives and requirements for equipment reliability and availability performance.
Annex A contains a summary of equipment that is covered by this International Standard.
This International Standard defines a minimum amount of data that is required to be collected, and it focuses on two main issues:
— data requirements for the categories of data to be collected for use in various analysis methodologies;
— standardized data format to facilitate the exchange of reliability and maintenance data between plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors.
The following main categories of data are to be collected:
a) equipment data, e.g. equipment taxonomy, equipment attributes;
b) failure data, e.g. failure cause, failure consequence;
c) maintenance data, e.g. maintenance action, resources used, maintenance consequence, down time.
NOTE Clause 9 gives further details on data content and data format.
The main areas where such data are used are the following:
1) reliability, e.g. failure events and failure mechanisms;
2) availability/efficiency, e.g. equipment availability, system availability, plant production availability;
3) maintenance, e.g. corrective and preventive maintenance, maintenance plan, maintenance supportability;
4) safety and environment, e.g. equipment failures with adverse consequences for safety and/or environment.
This International Standard does not apply to the following:
i. data on (direct) cost issues;
ii. data from laboratory testing and manufacturing (e.g. accelerated lifetime testing), see also 5.2;
iii. complete equipment data sheets (only data seen relevant for assessing the reliability performance are included);
iv. additional on-service data that an operator, on an individual basis, can consider useful for operation and maintenance;
v. methods for analysing and applying RM data (however, principles for how to calculate some basic
vi. reliability and maintenance parameters are included in the annexes).
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Sammlung und Austausch von Zuverlässigkeits- und Wartungsdaten für Ausrüstungen (ISO 14224:2016, korrigierte Fassung 2016-10-01)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Collecte et échange de données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements (ISO 14224:2016, Version corrigée 2016-10-01)
ISO 14224:2016 fournit une base globale pour la collecte de données de fiabilité et maintenance (FM) en format normalisé pour les équipements utilisés dans toutes installations et exploitations des industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel et pendant le cycle de vie utile de l'équipement. Elle décrit les principes de la collecte de données ainsi que les termes et définitions associés qui constituent la base d'un «langage propre à la fiabilité» utile pour transmettre l'expérience acquise sur le terrain. La partie normative de la présente Norme internationale définit les modes de défaillance pouvant être utilisés comme un «thésaurus de la fiabilité» pour diverses applications tant sur le plan quantitatif que sur le plan qualitatif. En outre, la présente Norme internationale décrit les pratiques de contrôle et d'assurance qualité des données afin de guider l'utilisateur.
La normalisation des procédures de collecte de données facilite l'échange des informations notamment entre les installations, les propriétaires, les fabricants et les sous-traitants. La présente Norme internationale définit les exigences auxquelles doit satisfaire tout système de données FM destinées à être échangées, qu'il soit interne ou disponible dans le commerce. Elle présente également des exemples/lignes directrices/principes portant sur l'échange et la fusion de ces données FM. La présente Norme internationale est également un excellent support pour la définition des objectifs et des exigences de performance en termes de fiabilité et de disponibilité des équipements et donne des lignes directrices à ce sujet.
L'Annexe A récapitule les équipements couverts par la présente Norme internationale.
ISO 14224:2016 spécifie une quantité minimale de paramètres à collecter et met l'accent sur deux aspects principaux:
- les exigences applicables au type de données à collecter et à utiliser selon les différentes méthodes d'analyse;
- le format de données normalisé permettant de faciliter l'échange de données FM entre installations, propriétaires, fabricants et sous-traitants.
Les principales catégories de données à collecter sont les suivantes:
a) les données relatives à l'équipement, par exemple la taxinomie de l'équipement, les attributs de l'équipement;
b) les données de défaillance, par exemple la cause de la défaillance, la conséquence de la défaillance;
c) les données de maintenance, par exemple le type d'action réalisé, les ressources utilisées, la conséquence de la maintenance, le temps d'indisponibilité.
NOTE L'Article 9 donne des détails supplémentaires sur le contenu et le format des données.
Les prinpaux domaines dans lesquels ces données seront utilisées sont les suivants:
1) fiabilité, par exemple événements de défaillance et mécanismes de défaillance;
2) disponibilité/efficacité, par exemple disponibilité d'un équipement, disponibilité d'un système, disponibilité de production d'une installation;
3) maintenance, par exemple maintenance corrective et préventive, plan de maintenance, supportabilité de maintenance;
4) sécurité et environnement, par exemple défaillances d'équipement ayant des conséquences défavorables sur la sécurité et/ou l'environnement.
La présente Norme internationale ne couvre pas:
i. les données relatives aux problématiques de coûts (directs);
ii. les données relatives aux essais et à la fabrication en laboratoire (par exemple les essais de durée de vie accélérés), voir également 5.2
Petrokemična industrija ter industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Zbiranje in izmenjava podatkov o zanesljivosti in vzdrževanju opreme (ISO 14224:2016, popravljena različica 2016-10-01)
Ta mednarodni standard podaja obsežno osnovo za zbiranje podatkov o zanesljivosti in vzdrževanju (RM) v standardnem formatu za opremo v vseh obratih in postopkih v petrokemični industriji in industriji za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina med življenjskim ciklom opreme. Opisuje načela zbiranja podatkov ter s tem povezane izraze in opredelitve, ki sestavljajo »jezik zanesljivosti«, ki je uporaben za posredovanje izkušenj pri uporabi opreme. Načini odpovedi, ki so opredeljeni v normativnem delu tega mednarodnega standarda, se lahko uporabljajo kot »tezaver zanesljivosti« za različne kvantitativne in kvalitativne primere uporabe. Ta mednarodni standard opisuje tudi kontrolo kakovosti podatkov in prakse zagotavljanja kakovosti z namenom podajanja smernic uporabniku.
Standardizacija praks zbiranja podatkov omogoča lažjo izmenjavo informacij med strankami (npr. obrati, lastniki, proizvajalci in zunanjimi izvajalci). Ta mednarodni standard določa zahteve, ki jih mora vsak interni in komercialno dostopni sistem podatkov RM izpolnjevati, če je zasnovan za izmenjavo podatkov RM. Obravnavani so primeri, smernice ter načela izmenjave in združevanja podatkov RM. Ta mednarodni standard zagotavlja tudi okvirno strukturo in smernice za vzpostavljanje ciljev delovanja ter zahtev za zanesljivost in razpoložljivost opreme.
Dodatek A vsebuje povzetek opreme, ki je zajeta v tem mednarodnem standardu.
Ta mednarodni standard opredeljuje najmanjšo količino podatkov, ki jo je treba zajeti, in se osredotoča na dve glavni težavi:
– podatkovne zahteve za kategorije podatkov, ki jih je treba zbrati za uporabo pri različnih metodologijah analize;
– standardiziran format podatkov za lažjo izmenjavo podatkov o zanesljivosti in vzdrževanju med obrati, lastniki, proizvajalci in zunanjimi izvajalci.
Naslednje glavne kategorije podatkov so namenjene zbiranju:
a) podatki o opremi (npr. taksonomija opreme, lastnosti opreme);
b) podatki o odpovedi (npr. razlog za odpoved, posledica odpovedi);
c) podatki o vzdrževanju (npr. vzdrževalni ukrep, porabljeni viri, posledica vzdrževanja, čas nedejavnosti).
OPOMBA: Točka 9 podaja dodatne podrobnosti o vsebini podatkov in formatu podatkov.
Glavna področja, kjer se taki podatki uporabljajo:
1) zanesljivost (npr. odpovedi in mehanizmi odpovedi);
2) razpoložljivost/učinkovitost (npr. razpoložljivost opreme, razpoložljivost sistemov, razpoložljivost proizvodnega obrata);
3) vzdrževanje (npr. korektivno in preventivno vzdrževanje, načrt vzdrževanja, podpora vzdrževanja);
4) varnost in okolje (npr. okvare opreme z neželenimi posledicami za varnost in/ali okolje).
Ta mednarodni standard se ne uporablja za:
i. podatke o vprašanjih glede (neposrednih) stroškov;
ii. podatke iz laboratorijskih preskusov in proizvodnje (npr. preskusov s pospeševanjem življenjskega cikla), glej tudi točko 5.2;
iii. celotne tehnične liste opreme (vključeni so samo podatki, ki so uporabni za ocenjevanje zanesljivosti opreme);
iv. dodatne podatke o storitvi, ki jih operater po lastni presoji lahko smatra kot uporabne za uporabo ali vzdrževanje opreme;
v. metode za analizo in uporabo podatkov RM (vendar načela izračuna nekaterih osnovnih
vi. parametrov zanesljivosti in vzdrževanja so vključena v dodatke).
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
01-december-2016
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 14224:2007
Petrokemična industrija ter industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina -
Zbiranje in izmenjava podatkov o zanesljivosti in vzdrževanju opreme (ISO
14224:2016, popravljena različica 2016-10-01)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection and exchange of
reliability and maintenance data for equipment (ISO 14224:2016, Corrected version 2016
-10-01)
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Sammlung und Austausch von
Zuverlässigkeits- und Wartungsdaten für Ausrüstungen (ISO 14224:2016, korrigierte
Fassung 2016-10-01)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Collecte et échange de
données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements (ISO 14224:2016, Version
corrigée 2016-10-01)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14224:2016
ICS:
75.180.01 Oprema za industrijo nafte in Equipment for petroleum and
zemeljskega plina na splošno natural gas industries in
general
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
EN ISO 14224
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.180.01; 75.200 Supersedes EN ISO 14224:2006
English Version
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries -
Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance
data for equipment (ISO 14224:2016, Corrected version
2016-10-01)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie -
naturel - Collecte et échange de données de fiabilité et Sammlung und Austausch von Zuverlässigkeits- und
de maintenance des équipements (ISO 14224:2016, Wartungsdaten für Ausrüstungen (ISO 14224:2016,
Version corrigée 2016-10-01) korrigierte Fassung 2016-10-01)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 July 2016.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14224:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
EN ISO 14224:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
EN ISO 14224:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14224:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials,
equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for
petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14224:2006.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14224:2016, Corrected version 2016-10-01 has been approved by CEN as
EN ISO 14224:2016 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14224
Third edition
2016-09-15
Corrected version
2016-10-01
Petroleum, petrochemical and
natural gas industries — Collection
and exchange of reliability and
maintenance data for equipment
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Collecte
et échange de données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements
Reference number
ISO 14224:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Abbreviated terms .18
5 Application .20
5.1 Equipment coverage .20
5.2 Time periods .20
5.3 Users of this International Standard .20
5.4 Limitations .21
5.5 Exchange of RM data .22
6 Benefits of RM data collection and exchange .23
7 Quality of data .25
7.1 Obtaining quality data .25
7.1.1 Definition of data quality .25
7.1.2 Planning measures .25
7.1.3 Verification of quality .26
7.1.4 Limitations and problems .27
7.2 Data collection process .27
7.2.1 Data sources .27
7.2.2 Data collection methods .28
7.2.3 Organization and training .28
8 Equipment boundary, taxonomy and time definitions .29
8.1 Boundary description .29
8.2 Taxonomy .30
8.3 Timeline issues .32
8.3.1 Surveillance and operating period .32
8.3.2 Data collection periods .33
8.3.3 Maintenance times .34
9 Recommended data for equipment, failures and maintenance .35
9.1 Data categories .35
9.2 Data format .35
9.3 Database structure .36
9.3.1 Description . . .36
9.3.2 Logical structure .36
9.3.3 Database architecture.37
9.4 Equipment data .38
9.5 Failure data .40
9.6 Maintenance data.42
9.6.1 General.42
9.6.2 Maintenance categories .42
9.6.3 Reporting maintenance data .43
Annex A (informative) Equipment-class attributes .46
Annex B (normative) Interpretation and notation of failure and maintenance parameters .176
Annex C (informative) Guide to interpretation and calculation of derived reliability and
maintenance parameters .205
Annex D (informative) Typical requirements for data .229
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
Annex E (informative) Key performance indicators (KPIs) and benchmarking .238
Annex F (informative) Classification and definition of safety critical failures .251
Bibliography .260
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment
and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 14224:2006), which has been technically
revised. The main changes are:
— Clause 3 — several new definitions;
— Clauses 8 and 9 — changes in some figures and tables;
— Annex A — new equipment classes;
— Annex B — associated new and aligned failure modes;
— Annex C — some changes and new subclauses, e.g. C.3.4 and C.7;
— Annex D — new subclause D.5;
— Annex E — new KPIs;
— Annex F — alignment with ISO/TR 12489:2013.
This corrected version of ISO 14224:2016 incorporates various editorial corrections.
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
Introduction
This International Standard has been prepared based on the previous edition (ISO 14224:2006),
experience gained through its use, and know-how and best practices shared through the international
development process.
In the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, great attention is being paid to safety,
availability, reliability and maintainability of equipment. The industry annual cost of equipment
unavailability is very large, although many plant owners have improved the availability of their
operating facilities by addressing this challenge. A stronger emphasis has recently been put on cost-
effective design and maintenance for new plants and existing installations among more industrial
parties. In this respect, data on failures, failure mechanisms and maintenance related to these industrial
facilities and its operations have become more important. It is necessary that this information is used
by, and communicated between, the various parties and its disciplines, within the same company or
between companies. Various analysis methodologies are used to estimate the risk of hazards to people
and environment, or to analyse plant or system performance. For such analyses to be effective and
decisive, equipment reliability and maintenance (RM) data are vital.
These analyses require a clear understanding of the equipment’s technical characteristics, its operating
and environmental conditions, its potential failures and its maintenance activities. It can be necessary
to have data covering several years of operation before sufficient data have been accumulated to
give confident analysis results and relevant decision support. It is necessary, therefore, to view data
collection as a long-term activity, planned and executed with appropriate goals in mind. At the same
time, clarity as to the causes of failures is key to prioritizing and implementing corrective actions that
result in sustainable improvements in availability, leading to improved profitability and safety.
Data collection is an investment. Data standardization, when combined with enhanced data-
management systems that allow electronic collection and transfer of data, can result in improved
quality of data for reliability and maintenance. A cost-effective way of optimizing data requirements
is through industry co-operation. To make it possible to collect, exchange and analyse data based on
common viewpoints, a standard is required. Standardization of data collection practices facilitates the
exchange of information between relevant parties e.g. plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors
throughout the world.
vi © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14224:2016(E)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance
data for equipment
1 Scope
This International Standard provides a comprehensive basis for the collection of reliability and
maintenance (RM) data in a standard format for equipment in all facilities and operations within the
petroleum, natural gas and petrochemical industries during the operational life cycle of equipment. It
describes data collection principles and associated terms and definitions that constitute a “reliability
language” that can be useful for communicating operational experience. The failure modes defined in
the normative part of this International Standard can be used as a “reliability thesaurus” for various
quantitative as well as qualitative applications. This International Standard also describes data quality
control and assurance practices to provide guidance for the user.
Standardization of data collection practices facilitates the exchange of information between parties, e.g.
plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors. This International Standard establishes requirements
that any in-house or commercially available RM data system is required to meet when designed for
RM data exchange. Examples, guidelines and principles for the exchange and merging of such RM data
are addressed. This International Standard also provides a framework and guidelines for establishing
performance objectives and requirements for equipment reliability and availability performance.
Annex A contains a summary of equipment that is covered by this International Standard.
This International Standard defines a minimum amount of data that is required to be collected, and it
focuses on two main issues:
— data requirements for the categories of data to be collected for use in various analysis methodologies;
— standardized data format to facilitate the exchange of reliability and maintenance data between
plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors.
The following main categories of data are to be collected:
a) equipment data, e.g. equipment taxonomy, equipment attributes;
b) failure data, e.g. failure cause, failure consequence;
c) maintenance data, e.g. maintenance action, resources used, maintenance consequence, down time.
NOTE Clause 9 gives further details on data content and data format.
The main areas where such data are used are the following:
1) reliability, e.g. failure events and failure mechanisms;
2) availability/efficiency, e.g. equipment availability, system availability, plant production availability;
3) maintenance, e.g. corrective and preventive maintenance, maintenance plan, maintenance
supportability;
4) safety and environment, e.g. equipment failures with adverse consequences for safety and/or
environment.
This International Standard does not apply to the following:
i. data on (direct) cost issues;
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
ii. data from laboratory testing and manufacturing (e.g. accelerated lifetime testing), see also 5.2;
iii. complete equipment data sheets (only data seen relevant for assessing the reliability performance
are included);
iv. additional on-service data that an operator, on an individual basis, can consider useful for operation
and maintenance;
v. methods for analysing and applying RM data (however, principles for how to calculate some basic
reliability and maintenance parameters are included in the annexes).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Production assurance and
reliability management
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE Some derived RM parameters, which can be calculated from collected RM data covered by this
International Standard, are contained in Annex C. References to Annex C are given as deemed appropriate.
3.1
active maintenance time
duration of a maintenance action, excluding logistic delay
Note 1 to entry: Technical delays are included in the active maintenance time.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 4 and Annex C for a more detailed description and interpretation of maintenance
times. See also ISO/TR 12489:2013, Figure 5.
Note 3 to entry: A maintenance action can be carried out while the item is performing a required function.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-07-04, modified – Notes 2 and 3 to entry have been added.]
3.2
active repair time
effective time to achieve repair of an item
Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 12489:2013, Figures 5 and 6.
Note 2 to entry: See also definition of “mean active repair time (MART)” in ISO/TR 12489:2013, 3.1.34, that is
defined as “expected active repair time”.
3.3
availability
ability to be in a state to perform as required
Note 1 to entry: See Annex C for a more detailed description and interpretation of availability.
Note 2 to entry: Further terms are given in ISO/TR 12489:2013.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-01-23, modified – Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been added.]
3.4
boundary
interface between an item and its surroundings
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
3.5
common cause failures
failures of multiple items, which would otherwise be considered independent of one another, resulting
from a single cause
Note 1 to entry: Common cause failures can also be common mode failures.
Note 2 to entry: The potential for common cause failures reduces the effectiveness of system redundancy.
Note 3 to entry: It is generally accepted that the failures occur simultaneously or within a short time of each other.
Note 4 to entry: Components that fail due to a shared cause normally fail in the same functional mode. The term
common mode is therefore sometimes used. It is, however, not considered to be a precise term for communicating
the characteristics that describe a common cause failure.
Note 5 to entry: See also ISO/TR 12489:2013, 3.2.14 and 5.4.2.
Note 6 to entry: See also C.1.6
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-03-18, modified – Notes 3-6 to entry have been added.]
3.6
common mode failures
failures of different items characterized by the same failure mode
Note 1 to entry: Common mode failures can have different causes.
Note 2 to entry: Common mode failures can also be common cause failures (3.5).
Note 3 to entry: The potential for common mode failures reduces the effectiveness of system redundancy.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-03-19, modified]
3.7
condition-based maintenance
CBM
preventive maintenance based on the assessment of physical condition
Note 1 to entry: The condition assessment can be by operator observation, conducted according to a schedule, or
by condition monitoring of system parameters.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-06-07, modified]
3.8
corrective maintenance
maintenance carried out after fault detection to effect restoration
Note 1 to entry: Corrective maintenance of software invariably involves some modification
Note 2 to entry: See also ISO/TR 12489:2013, Figures 5 and 6, which illustrate terms used for quantifying
corrective maintenance.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-06-06, modified – Note 2 to entry has been added.]
3.9
critical failure
failure of an equipment unit that causes an immediate cessation of the ability to perform a required
function
Note 1 to entry: Includes failures requiring immediate action towards c
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
01-december-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14224:2007
3HWURNHPLþQDLQGXVWULMDWHULQGXVWULMD]DSUHGHODYRQDIWHLQ]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD
=ELUDQMHLQL]PHQMDYDSRGDWNRYR]DQHVOMLYRVWLLQY]GUåHYDQMXRSUHPH ,62
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection and exchange of
reliability and maintenance data for equipment (ISO 14224:2016)
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Sammlung und Austausch von
Zuverlässigkeits- und Wartungsdaten für Ausrüstungen (ISO 14224:2016)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Recueil et échange de
données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements (ISO 14224:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14224:2016
ICS:
75.180.01 Oprema za industrijo nafte in Equipment for petroleum and
zemeljskega plina na splošno natural gas industries in
general
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
EN ISO 14224
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.180.01; 75.200 Supersedes EN ISO 14224:2006
English Version
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries -
Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance
data for equipment (ISO 14224:2016)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie -
naturel - Collecte et échange de données de fiabilité et Sammlung und Austausch von Zuverlässigkeits- und
de maintenance des équipements (ISO 14224:2016) Wartungsdaten für Ausrüstungen (ISO 14224:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 July 2016.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14224:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
EN ISO 14224:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
EN ISO 14224:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14224:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials,
equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for
petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14224:2006.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14224:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14224:2016 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14224
Third edition
2016-09-15
Corrected version
2016-10-01
Petroleum, petrochemical and
natural gas industries — Collection
and exchange of reliability and
maintenance data for equipment
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Collecte
et échange de données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements
Reference number
ISO 14224:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Abbreviated terms .18
5 Application .20
5.1 Equipment coverage .20
5.2 Time periods .20
5.3 Users of this International Standard .20
5.4 Limitations .21
5.5 Exchange of RM data .22
6 Benefits of RM data collection and exchange .23
7 Quality of data .25
7.1 Obtaining quality data .25
7.1.1 Definition of data quality .25
7.1.2 Planning measures .25
7.1.3 Verification of quality .26
7.1.4 Limitations and problems .27
7.2 Data collection process .27
7.2.1 Data sources .27
7.2.2 Data collection methods .28
7.2.3 Organization and training .28
8 Equipment boundary, taxonomy and time definitions .29
8.1 Boundary description .29
8.2 Taxonomy .30
8.3 Timeline issues .32
8.3.1 Surveillance and operating period .32
8.3.2 Data collection periods .33
8.3.3 Maintenance times .34
9 Recommended data for equipment, failures and maintenance .35
9.1 Data categories .35
9.2 Data format .35
9.3 Database structure .36
9.3.1 Description . . .36
9.3.2 Logical structure .36
9.3.3 Database architecture.37
9.4 Equipment data .38
9.5 Failure data .40
9.6 Maintenance data.42
9.6.1 General.42
9.6.2 Maintenance categories .42
9.6.3 Reporting maintenance data .43
Annex A (informative) Equipment-class attributes .46
Annex B (normative) Interpretation and notation of failure and maintenance parameters .176
Annex C (informative) Guide to interpretation and calculation of derived reliability and
maintenance parameters .205
Annex D (informative) Typical requirements for data .229
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
Annex E (informative) Key performance indicators (KPIs) and benchmarking .238
Annex F (informative) Classification and definition of safety critical failures .251
Bibliography .260
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment
and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 14224:2006), which has been technically
revised. The main changes are:
— Clause 3 — several new definitions;
— Clauses 8 and 9 — changes in some figures and tables;
— Annex A — new equipment classes;
— Annex B — associated new and aligned failure modes;
— Annex C — some changes and new subclauses, e.g. C.3.4 and C.7;
— Annex D — new subclause D.5;
— Annex E — new KPIs;
— Annex F — alignment with ISO/TR 12489:2013.
This corrected version of ISO 14224:2016 incorporates various editorial corrections.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
Introduction
This International Standard has been prepared based on the previous edition (ISO 14224:2006),
experience gained through its use, and know-how and best practices shared through the international
development process.
In the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, great attention is being paid to safety,
availability, reliability and maintainability of equipment. The industry annual cost of equipment
unavailability is very large, although many plant owners have improved the availability of their
operating facilities by addressing this challenge. A stronger emphasis has recently been put on cost-
effective design and maintenance for new plants and existing installations among more industrial
parties. In this respect, data on failures, failure mechanisms and maintenance related to these industrial
facilities and its operations have become more important. It is necessary that this information is used
by, and communicated between, the various parties and its disciplines, within the same company or
between companies. Various analysis methodologies are used to estimate the risk of hazards to people
and environment, or to analyse plant or system performance. For such analyses to be effective and
decisive, equipment reliability and maintenance (RM) data are vital.
These analyses require a clear understanding of the equipment’s technical characteristics, its operating
and environmental conditions, its potential failures and its maintenance activities. It can be necessary
to have data covering several years of operation before sufficient data have been accumulated to
give confident analysis results and relevant decision support. It is necessary, therefore, to view data
collection as a long-term activity, planned and executed with appropriate goals in mind. At the same
time, clarity as to the causes of failures is key to prioritizing and implementing corrective actions that
result in sustainable improvements in availability, leading to improved profitability and safety.
Data collection is an investment. Data standardization, when combined with enhanced data-
management systems that allow electronic collection and transfer of data, can result in improved
quality of data for reliability and maintenance. A cost-effective way of optimizing data requirements
is through industry co-operation. To make it possible to collect, exchange and analyse data based on
common viewpoints, a standard is required. Standardization of data collection practices facilitates the
exchange of information between relevant parties e.g. plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors
throughout the world.
vi © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14224:2016(E)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance
data for equipment
1 Scope
This International Standard provides a comprehensive basis for the collection of reliability and
maintenance (RM) data in a standard format for equipment in all facilities and operations within the
petroleum, natural gas and petrochemical industries during the operational life cycle of equipment. It
describes data collection principles and associated terms and definitions that constitute a “reliability
language” that can be useful for communicating operational experience. The failure modes defined in
the normative part of this International Standard can be used as a “reliability thesaurus” for various
quantitative as well as qualitative applications. This International Standard also describes data quality
control and assurance practices to provide guidance for the user.
Standardization of data collection practices facilitates the exchange of information between parties, e.g.
plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors. This International Standard establishes requirements
that any in-house or commercially available RM data system is required to meet when designed for
RM data exchange. Examples, guidelines and principles for the exchange and merging of such RM data
are addressed. This International Standard also provides a framework and guidelines for establishing
performance objectives and requirements for equipment reliability and availability performance.
Annex A contains a summary of equipment that is covered by this International Standard.
This International Standard defines a minimum amount of data that is required to be collected, and it
focuses on two main issues:
— data requirements for the categories of data to be collected for use in various analysis methodologies;
— standardized data format to facilitate the exchange of reliability and maintenance data between
plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors.
The following main categories of data are to be collected:
a) equipment data, e.g. equipment taxonomy, equipment attributes;
b) failure data, e.g. failure cause, failure consequence;
c) maintenance data, e.g. maintenance action, resources used, maintenance consequence, down time.
NOTE Clause 9 gives further details on data content and data format.
The main areas where such data are used are the following:
1) reliability, e.g. failure events and failure mechanisms;
2) availability/efficiency, e.g. equipment availability, system availability, plant production availability;
3) maintenance, e.g. corrective and preventive maintenance, maintenance plan, maintenance
supportability;
4) safety and environment, e.g. equipment failures with adverse consequences for safety and/or
environment.
This International Standard does not apply to the following:
i. data on (direct) cost issues;
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
ii. data from laboratory testing and manufacturing (e.g. accelerated lifetime testing), see also 5.2;
iii. complete equipment data sheets (only data seen relevant for assessing the reliability performance
are included);
iv. additional on-service data that an operator, on an individual basis, can consider useful for operation
and maintenance;
v. methods for analysing and applying RM data (however, principles for how to calculate some basic
reliability and maintenance parameters are included in the annexes).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 20815:2008, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Production assurance and
reliability management
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE Some derived RM parameters, which can be calculated from collected RM data covered by this
International Standard, are contained in Annex C. References to Annex C are given as deemed appropriate.
3.1
active maintenance time
duration of a maintenance action, excluding logistic delay
Note 1 to entry: Technical delays are included in the active maintenance time.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 4 and Annex C for a more detailed description and interpretation of maintenance
times. See also ISO/TR 12489:2013, Figure 5.
Note 3 to entry: A maintenance action can be carried out while the item is performing a required function.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-07-04, modified – Notes 2 and 3 to entry have been added.]
3.2
active repair time
effective time to achieve repair of an item
Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 12489:2013, Figures 5 and 6.
Note 2 to entry: See also definition of “mean active repair time (MART)” in ISO/TR 12489:2013, 3.1.34, that is
defined as “expected active repair time”.
3.3
availability
ability to be in a state to perform as required
Note 1 to entry: See Annex C for a more detailed description and interpretation of availability.
Note 2 to entry: Further terms are given in ISO/TR 12489:2013.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-01-23, modified – Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been added.]
3.4
boundary
interface between an item and its surroundings
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 14224:2016
ISO 14224:2016(E)
3.5
common cause failures
failures of multiple items, which would otherwise be considered independent of one another, resulting
from a single cause
Note 1 to entry: Common cause failures can also be common mode failures.
Note 2 to entry: The potential for common cause failures reduces the effectiveness of system redundancy.
Note 3 to entry: It is generally accepted that the failures occur simultaneously or within a short time of each other.
Note 4 to entry: Components that fail due to a shared cause normally fail in the same functional mode. The term
common mode is therefore sometimes used. It is, however, not considered to be a precise term for communicating
the characteristics that describe a common cause failure.
Note 5 to entry: See also ISO/TR 12489:2013, 3.2.14 and 5.4.2.
Note 6 to entry: See also C.1.6
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-03-18, modified – Notes 3-6 to entry have been added.]
3.6
common mode failures
failures of different items characterized by the same failure mode
Note 1 to entry: Common mode failures can have different causes.
Note 2 to entry: Common mode failures can also be common cause failures (3.5).
Note 3 to entry: The potential for common mode failures reduces the effectiveness of system redundancy.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-03-19, modified]
3.7
condition-based maintenance
CBM
preventive maintenance based on the assessment of physical condition
Note 1 to entry: The condition assessment can be by operator observation, conducted according to a schedule, or
by condition monitoring of system parameters.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-06-07, modified]
3.8
corrective maintenance
maintenance carried out after fault detection to effect restoration
Note 1 to entry: Corrective maintenance of software invariably involves some modification
Note 2 to entry: See also ISO/TR 12489:2013, Figures 5 and 6, which illustrate terms used for quantifying
corrective maintenance.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-06-06, modified – Note 2 to entry has been added.]
3.9
critical failure
failure of an equipment unit that causes an immediate cessation of the ability to perform a required
function
Note 1 to entry: Includes failures requiring immediate action towards cessation of performing the function, even
though actual operation can continue for a short period of time. A critical failure results in an unscheduled repair.
Note 2 to entry: See also definition of “critical dangerous failur
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 14224:2015
01-september-2015
3HWURNHPLþQDLQGXVWULMDWHULQGXVWULMD]DSUHGHODYRQDIWHLQ]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD
=ELUDQMHLQL]PHQMDYDSRGDWNRYR]DQHVOMLYRVWLLQY]GUåHYDQMXRSUHPH ,62',6
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection and exchange of
reliability and maintenance data for equipment (ISO/DIS 14224:2015)
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Sammlung und Austausch von
Zuverlässigkeits- und Wartungsdaten für Ausrüstungen (ISO/DIS 14224:2015)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Recueil et échange de
données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements (ISO/DIS 14224:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 14224
ICS:
75.180.01 Oprema za industrijo nafte in Equipment for petroleum and
zemeljskega plina na splošno natural gas industries in
general
oSIST prEN ISO 14224:2015 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 14224:2015
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oSIST prEN ISO 14224:2015
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 14224
ISO/TC 67 Secretariat: NEN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2015-07-02 2015-10-02
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance
data for equipment
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Recueil et échange de données de fiabilité et de
maintenance des équipements
ICS: 75.180.01; 75.200
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO lead mode of collaboration
as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member
bodies for a parallel five month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments
received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
formal vote in CEN.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
committee secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
composition will be undertaken at publication stage.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 14224:2015(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 14224:2015
ISO/DIS 14224:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 14224:2015
ISO/DIS 14224
Contents Page
Foreword . vi
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Abbreviated terms . 17
5 Application . 18
5.1 Equipment coverage . 18
5.2 Time periods . 19
5.3 Users of this International Standard . 19
5.4 Limitations . 20
5.5 Exchange of RM data . 20
6 Benefits of RM data collection and exchange . 21
7 Quality of data . 23
7.1 Obtaining quality data . 23
7.1.1 Definition of data quality . 23
7.1.2 Planning measures . 23
7.1.3 Verification of quality . 25
7.1.4 Limitations and problems . 25
7.2 Data collection process . 26
7.2.1 Data sources . 26
7.2.2 Data collection methods . 26
7.2.3 Organization and training . 26
8 Equipment boundary, taxonomy and time definitions . 27
8.1 Boundary description . 27
8.2 Taxonomy . 28
8.3 Timeline issues . 31
8.3.1 Surveillance and operating period . 31
8.3.2 Data collection periods . 32
8.3.3 Maintenance times . 33
9 Recommended data for equipment, failures and maintenance . 33
9.1 Data categories . 33
9.2 Data format . 34
9.3 Database structure . 35
9.3.1 Description . 35
9.3.2 Logical structure . 35
9.3.3 Database architecture . 35
9.4 Equipment data . 36
9.5 Failure data . 39
9.6 Maintenance data . 40
9.6.1 General . 40
9.6.2 Maintenance categories . 40
9.6.3 Reporting maintenance data . 41
Annex A (informative) Equipment-class attributes . 44
A.1 Advisory notes . 44
A.1.1 General . 44
A.1.2 Boundary definitions . 44
A.1.3 Common equipment data . 45
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 14224:2015
ISO/DIS 14224
A.1.4 Equipment classification and application .45
A.2 Equipment-specific data .57
A.2.1 General .57
A.2.2 Rotating equipment data .58
A.2.3 Mechanical equipment .75
A.2.4 Electrical equipment .94
A.2.5 Safety and Control . 105
A.2.6 Subsea . 120
A.2.7 Well completion . 140
A.2.8 Drilling . 153
A.2.9 Well intervention . 165
A.2.10 Marine . 166
A.2.11 Utilities . 168
A.2.12 Auxiliaries . 168
Annex B (normative) Interpretation and notation of failure and maintenance parameters . 169
B.1 Failure interpretation . 169
B.2 Failure and maintenance data notations . 170
B.2.1 General . 170
B.2.2 Failure mechanism . 171
B.2.3 Failure cause . 173
B.2.4 Detection method. 175
B.2.5 Maintenance activity . 176
B.2.6 Failure modes . 178
Annex C (informative) Guide to interpretation and calculation of derived reliability and
maintenance parameters . 195
C.1 Interpretation rules for commonly used failure and maintenance parameters . 195
C.1.1 Introduction . 195
C.1.2 Redundancy . 195
C.1.3 On-demand data . 195
C.1.4 Independent failures . 196
C.1.5 Dependent failures. 197
C.1.6 Common cause failure (CCF) . 197
C.1.7 Common mode failures . 197
C.1.8 Trips . 198
C.1.9 Failure occurrence classification . 198
C.1.10 Failure consequence classification . 198
C.1.11 Analysis of failures . 199
C.1.12 Safety critical equipment . 200
C.2 Availability . 200
C.2.1 Normalized definition . 200
C.2.2 Mathematics of availability . 200
C.2.3 Measures and estimates of mean availability data records . 201
C.3 Failure rate estimation . 203
C.3.1 General . 203
C.3.2 Estimation of failure rate . 205
C.3.3 Estimation of failure rate with zero failures — Bayesian approach . 207
C.4 Maintainability . 209
C.4.1 Normalized definitions . 209
C.4.2 Mathematical meaning . 209
C.4.3 Maintainability — Intrinsic and extrinsic factors . 211
C.4.4 Procedure for compiling data records for maintainability . 211
C.5 “Mean time” interpretations . 211
C.5.1 Principle . 211
C.5.2 Mean down time (MDT) . 211
C.5.3 Mean elapsed time between failures (METBF) . 212
C.5.4 Mean time to failure (MTTF) . 212
C.5.5 Mean time to repair (MTTR) . 213
C.5.6 Mean up time (MUT) . 213
C.5.7 Procedure for compiling data records for mean time . 214
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C.6 Testing for hidden failures in safety systems . 214
C.6.1 General principles . 214
C.6.2 Required availability . 214
C.6.3 Mathematics of cost-benefit availability . 215
C.6.4 Handling of uncertainty . 215
C.6.5 Testing during manufacturing or qualification testing . 216
C.7 Human error as an underlying contributor to equipment performance . 216
Annex D (informative) Typical requirements for data . 217
D.1 General . 217
D.2 Business value of data collection . 218
D.3 Data requirements . 218
D.4 Description of the analyses . 218
Annex E (informative) Key performance indicators (KPIs) and benchmarking . 223
E.1 General . 223
E.2 Alignment to business objectives . 224
E.2.1 General . 224
E.2.2 Differences between benchmarks and KPIs . 225
E.3 Using benchmarking . 225
E.3.1 Benchmarking principles. 225
E.3.2 General . 226
E.3.3 Taxonomy level . 226
E.3.4 Choice of benchmarks . 226
E.3.5 Alignment of benchmark and KPI parameters across peer groups . 227
E.3.6 Benefits of benchmarking . 227
E.3.7 Selection of peer groups . 227
E.4 Examples of benchmarks and KPIs using RM data . 228
Annex F (informative) Classification and definition of safety critical failures . 235
F.1 General . 235
F.2 Reliability modelling and calculation of safety systems . 235
F.3 Classification of failures of safety instrumented systems . 235
F.3.1 General definitions . 235
F.3.2 SIS failure mode classification in reliability data collection and analysis . 236
F.3.3 Downtime issues related to SIS reliability data collection and analysis . 237
F.4 Definition of failures for safety systems . 237
F.4.1 General . 237
F.4.2 Recommended definitions . 238
Bibliography . 243
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword ‐ Supplementary information
ISO 14224 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 14224:2006), which has been technically
revised. The main changes are:
Clause 3; several new definitions.
Annex A; e.g. new equipment classes.
Annex B; e.g. associated new and aligned failure modes.
Annex C; some new sections, e.g. C.3.4.
Annex E; e.g. new KPIs.
Annex F; e.g. alignment with ISO/TR 12489.
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Introduction
This International Standard has been prepared based on ISO 14224:2006, experience gained through its use,
and know-how and best practices shared through the international development process.
In the petroleum, natural gas and petrochemical industries, great attention is being paid to safety, availability,
reliability and maintainability of equipment. The industry annual cost of equipment unavailability is very large,
although many plant owners have improved the availability of their operating facilities by such attention. A
stronger emphasis has recently been put on cost-effective design and maintenance for new plants and
existing installations among more industrial parties. In this respect, data on failures, failure mechanisms and
maintenance related to these industrial facilities and its operations have become of increased importance. It is
necessary that this information is used by, and communicated between, the various parties and its disciplines,
within the same company or between companies. Various analysis methodologies are used to estimate the
risk of hazards to people and environment, or to analyse plant or system performance. For such analyses to
be effective and decisive, equipment reliability and maintenance (RM) data are vital.
These analyses require a clear understanding of the equipment technical characteristics, its operating and
environmental conditions, its potential failures and its maintenance activities. It can be necessary to have data
covering several years of operation before sufficient data have been accumulated to give confident analysis
results and relevant decision support. It is necessa
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