SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
(Main)Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders (ISO 28927-1:2019)
This Standard specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power-driven angle and vertical grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no-load conditions. The method has been established for surface grinding tasks only. Cutting and sanding generally create lower vibrations. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. This document is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for grinding, cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super-abrasive products and with wire brushes for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to die grinders or straight grinders.
Handgehaltene motorbetriebene Maschinen - Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der Schwingungsemission - Teil 1: Winkelschleifer und Vertikalschleifer (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Dieses Dokument legt ein Laborverfahren zur Messung der Hand-Arm-Schwingungen fest, die an den Handgriffen von handgehaltenen motorbetriebenen Winkelschleifern und Vertikalschleifern hervorgerufen werden. Es handelt sich um ein Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der Schwingungskennwerte (Schwingungs¬emissionswerte) an den Greifstellen der Maschine, die mit einer bestimmten Ersatzschleifscheibe im Leerlauf betrieben wird. Das Verfahren wurde lediglich für die Arbeitsaufgabe „Schleifen von Oberflächen“ entwickelt. Trennen und Schruppen rufen im Allgemeinen geringere Schwingungen hervor. Der Zweck besteht darin, die Kennwerte zum Vergleich verschiedener Modelle derselben Maschinenart zu verwenden.
Dieses Dokument gilt für handgehaltene Maschinen (siehe Abschnitt 5), die pneumatisch oder auf andere Weise angetrieben werden und zum Schleifen, Trennschleifen und Schruppen beliebiger Werkstoffe sowohl mit Schleifmitteln auf Unterlagen, mit Schleifkörpern mit gebundenem Schleifmittel als auch mit Diamant- und Bornitrid-Schleifwerkzeugen sowie mit Drahtbürsten vorgesehen sind. Es gilt nicht für Geradschleifer mit oder ohne Spannzange.
ANMERKUNG Um eine Verwechslung zu vermeiden, wird in diesem Dokument zwischen der (motorbetriebenen) Maschine und dem Werkzeug oder Einsatzwerkzeug strikt unterschieden.
Machines à moteur portatives - Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation de l'émission de vibrations - Partie 1: Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Le présent document spécifié une méthode de mesure en laboratoire des émissions de vibrations transmises aux mains s'exerçant au niveau des poignées des meuleuses verticales et des meuleuses d'angle. Il s'agit d'une méthode d'essai de type définissant l'amplitude des vibrations aux zones de préhension de la machine fonctionnant à vide avec une meule artificielle spécifiée. La méthode n'a été mise au point que pour les travaux de meulage de surface. La coupe et le ponçage créent généralement moins de vibrations. Il est prévu d'utiliser les résultats pour comparer différents modèles d'un même type de machine.
Le présent document est applicable aux machines portatives à moteur (voir l'Article 5) à entraînement pneumatique ou d'autres moyens destinés à meuler, tronçonner et poncer grossièrement à l'aide de produits agglomérés, appliqués, superabrasifs et avec des brosses métalliques destinées à être utilisées sur tout type de matériau. Il ne s'applique pas aux meuleuses sous pression ou aux meuleuses droites.
NOTE Pour éviter toute confusion avec les termes "outil électrique" et "outil inséré", la machine est utilisée pour les premiers tout au long de ce document.
Ročna prenosna električna orodja - Preskusne metode za vrednotenje oddajanja vibracij - 1. del: Kotni in vertikalni brusilniki (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Ta standard določa laboratorijsko metodo za merjenje oddajanja ročno posredovanih vibracij na ročajih ročnih električnih kotnih in vertikalnih brusilnikov. To je postopek tipskega preskusa za ugotavljanje stopnje vibriranja na območjih prijema stroja, opremljenega z določenim preskusnim kolesom, ki se uporablja pod pogoji brez obremenitve. Metoda je uveljavljena le za opravila brušenja površin. Pri rezanju in peskanju običajno nastaja manj vibracij. Namenjen je primerjavi rezultatov različnih modelov iste vrste naprave. Ta dokument se uporablja za ročne stroje (glej točko 5), gnane pnevmatsko ali na drug način, namenjene za brušenje, rezanje in grobo peskanje, z vezanimi, premazanimi in superabrazivnimi izdelki ter z žičnimi krtačami za uporabo na vseh vrstah materialov. Ne uporablja se za kockaste ali ravne brusilnike.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
01-marec-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2010
SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2010/A1:2017
Ročna prenosna električna orodja - Preskusne metode za vrednotenje oddajanja
vibracij - 1. del: Kotni in vertikalni brusilniki (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part
1: Angle and vertical grinders (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Handgehaltene motorbetriebene Maschinen - Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der
Schwingungsemission - Teil 1: Winkelschleifer und Vertikalschleifer (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Machines à moteur portatives - Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation de l'émission de
vibrations - Partie 1: Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 28927-1:2019
ICS:
13.160 Vpliv vibracij in udarcev na Vibration and shock with
ljudi respect to human beings
25.080.50 Brusilni in polirni stroji Grinding and polishing
machines
25.140.20 Električna orodja Electric tools
SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
EN ISO 28927-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.140.10; 13.160 Supersedes EN ISO 28927-1:2009
English Version
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for
evaluation of vibration emission - Part 1: Angle and
vertical grinders (ISO 28927-1:2019)
Machines à moteur portatives - Méthodes d'essai pour Handgehaltene motorbetriebene Maschinen -
l'évaluation de l'émission de vibrations - Partie 1: Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der
Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles (ISO Schwingungsemission - Teil 1: Winkelschleifer und
28927-1:2019) Vertikalschleifer (ISO 28927-1:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 November 2019.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 28927-1:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
EN ISO 28927-1:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
health and safety requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 4
2
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
EN ISO 28927-1:2019 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 28927-1:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118
"Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines and equipment" in collaboration with Technical
Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 28927-1:2009.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For the relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 28927-1:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 28927-1:2019 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
EN ISO 28927-1:2019 (E)
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential health and
safety requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request M/396
(Machinery) to provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential health and safety requirements
of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery,
and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of
the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential health and
safety requirements of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and
Annex I of Directive 2006/42/EC
Essential health and safety
Clauses of this EN Remarks/Notes
requirements of
Directive 2006/42/EC
Clauses 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and None.
2.2.1.1. Instructions
Annexes B and C.
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European
Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.
4
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 28927-1
Second edition
2019-11
Hand-held portable power tools —
Test methods for evaluation of
vibration emission —
Part 1:
Angle and vertical grinders
Machines à moteur portatives — Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation
de l'émission de vibrations —
Partie 1: Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles
Reference number
ISO 28927-1:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
ISO 28927-1:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
ISO 28927-1:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols . 2
4 Basic standards and vibration test codes . 2
5 Description of the family of machines. 3
6 Characterization of vibration . 5
6.1 Direction of measurement . 5
6.2 Location of measurements . 5
6.3 Magnitude of vibration. 8
6.4 Combination of vibration directions . 8
7 Instrumentation requirements . 8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Mounting of transducers . 8
7.2.1 Specification of transducer . 8
7.2.2 Fastening of transducers . 8
7.3 Frequency weighting filter . 9
7.4 Integration time . 9
7.5 Auxiliary equipment . 9
7.6 Calibration . 9
8 Testing and operating conditions of the machinery . 9
8.1 General . 9
8.2 Operating conditions .10
8.2.1 Pneumatic machines . .10
8.2.2 Hydraulic machines .10
8.2.3 Electrical machines .10
8.3 Other quantities to be specified .10
8.4 Attached equipment, work piece and task .10
8.4.1 Test wheel .10
8.4.2 Feed force .11
8.4.3 Test procedure .13
8.5 Operators .13
9 Measurement procedure and validity .13
9.1 Reported vibration values .13
9.2 Declaration and verification of the vibration emission value.14
9.3 Correction factor .14
10 Measurement report .15
Annex A (informative) Model test report for vibration emission of angle and vertical grinders .16
Annex B (normative) Determination of uncertainty .18
Annex C (normative) Design of test wheel .20
Bibliography .28
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
ISO 28927-1:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools,
machines and equipment, Subcommittee SC 3, Pneumatic tools and machines.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 28927-1:2009) and (ISO 28927-1:2009/
Amd.1:2017), of which it constitutes a minor revision. The changes compared to the previous edition
are as follows:.
— Table C.4, in "Radius to centre of hole", change rh to r ;
h
— Table C.4, in "Radius to centre of threaded hole", change rt to r ;
t
— Figure C.4, change r to r ;
s t
— Figure C.4, change r to r ;
t h
— Figure C.4, in the key, change r to r .
s h
A list of all parts in the ISO 28927 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
ISO 28927-1:2019(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or -B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the
other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this
type-C standard.
The vibration test codes for portable hand-held machines given in ISO 28927 are based on ISO 20643,
which gives general specifications for the measurement of the vibration emission of hand-held and
hand-guided machinery. ISO 28927 specifies the operation of the machines under type-test conditions
and other requirements for the performance of type tests. The structure/numbering of its clauses
follows that of ISO 20643.
The basic principle for transducer positioning first introduced in the EN 60745 series of European
standards is followed, representing a deviation from ISO 20643 for reasons of consistency. The
transducers are primarily positioned next to the hand in the area between the thumb and the index
finger, where they give the least disturbance to the operator gripping the machine.
It has been found that vibrations generated by grinders vary considerably in typical use. This is largely
due to the variances in the unbalance of the machine with the grinding wheel mounted. The unbalance
also changes when the wheel is worn through operation.
In order to provide a method that gives good measurement reproducibility, the procedure adopted in
this document uses a test wheel of known unbalance mounted on a machine and run under no-load
conditions. The unbalance for the different types of test wheel are chosen to give vibration values that
are as far as possible in accordance with ISO 20643. The procedures of ISO 5349 are required whenever
exposure at the workplace is to be assessed.
Underestimation of the vibration for machines equipped with technical means to automatically reduce
unbalances is taken into account by multiplying the vibration values of such machines with a correction
factor of 1,3.
For grinders that are intended to be used with cupped wire brushes, the vibration value is obtained by
using a correction factor of 1,6.
The values obtained are type-test values intended to be representative of the average of the upper
quartile of typical vibration magnitudes in real-world use of the machines. However, the actual
magnitudes will vary considerably from time to time and depend on many factors, including the
operator, the task and the inserted tool or consumable. The state of maintenance of the machine itself
might also be of importance. Under real working conditions the influences of the operator and process
can be particularly important at low magnitudes. It is therefore not recommended that emission values
2
below 2,5 m/s be used for estimating the vibration magnitude under real working conditions. In such
2
cases, 2,5 m/s is the recommended vibration magnitude for estimating the machine vibration.
If accurate values for a specific work place are required, then measurements (according to ISO 5349)
in that work situation could be necessary. Vibration values measured in real working conditions can be
either higher or lower than the values obtained using this document.
Higher vibration magnitudes can easily occur in real work situations, caused by the use of excessively
unbalanced grinding wheels, worn flanges or bent spindles.
The vibration test codes given in ISO 28927 supersede those given in ISO 8662, whose parts have been
replaced by the corresponding parts of ISO 28927 (see Foreword).
NOTE ISO 8662-11, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 11:
Fastener driving tools could be replaced by a future part of ISO 28927.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28927-1:2019(E)
Hand-held portable power tools — Test methods for
evaluation of vibration emission —
Part 1:
Angle and vertical grinders
1 Scope
This document specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission
at the handles of hand-held power-driven angle and vertical grinders. It is a type-test procedure for
establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test
wheel and run under no-load conditions. The method has been established for surface grinding tasks
only. Cutting and sanding generally create lower vibrations. It is intended that the results be used to
compare different models of the same type of machine.
This document is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other
means, intended for grinding, cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super-abrasive
products and with wire brushes for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to die grinders or
straight grinders.
NOTE To avoid confusion with the terms “power tool” and “inserted tool”, machine is used for the former
throughout this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2787, Rotary and percussive pneumatic tools — Performance tests
ISO 5349 (all parts), Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to
hand-transmitted vibration
ISO 5391, Pneumatic tools and machines — Vocabulary
ISO 17066, Hydraulic tools — Vocabulary
ISO 20643:2005, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand-guided machinery — Principles for
evaluation of vibration emission
EN 755-2, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles — Part 2: Mechanical
properties
EN 12096, Mechanical vibration — Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5391, ISO 17066 and
ISO 20643, and the following terms, definitions and symbols, apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
ISO 28927-1:2019(E)
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
grinder
machine driving a rotary output spindle adapted to carry an abrasive wheel/device for material removal
[SOURCE: ISO 5391:2003, 2.1.3, modified — Definition rephrased and note deleted.]
3.1.2
angle grinder
grinder where the output spindle is at a given angle (usually a right angle) to the motor axis
[SOURCE: ISO 5391:2003, 2.1.3.3]
3.1.3
vertical grinder
grinder where the handle or handles are at an angle to the coaxially aligned motor and output spindle axis
[SOURCE: ISO 5391:2003, 2.1.3.2]
3.1.4
test wheel
aluminium wheel geometrically similar to a real grinding wheel, with holes on specified radii to give
defined unbalances
3.2 Symbols
Symbol Description Unit
2
a root-mean-square (r.m.s.) single-axis acceleration value of the frequen- m/s
hw
cy-weighted hand-transmitted vibration
2
a vibration total value of frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration; root sum of m/s
hv
squares of a values for the three measured axes of vibration
hw
2
a a as measured during testing m/s
hvmeas hv
2
a a at rated no-load speed m/s
hvrat hv
2
arithmetic mean value of a values of runs for one operator for one hand m/s
a hv
hv
position
2
a m/s
h arithmetic mean value of a values for all operators for one hand position
hv
2
m/s
arithmetic mean value of a values for one hand position on several machines
a
h
h
2
a declared vibration emission value m/s
hd
n measured no-load speed during testing with the test wheel mounted r/min
meas
n rated no-load speed: maximum rotational-speed of the machine according to r/min
rat
the speed marking of the machine
2
s standard deviation for a test series (for a sample, s) m/s
n−1
2
σ standard deviation of reproducibility (for a population, σ) m/s
R
C coefficient of variation for a test series
V
2
K uncertainty m/s
4 Basic standards and vibration test codes
This document is based on the requirements of ISO 20643 and corresponds to its structure in respect of
clause subjects and numbering except for the annexes.
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 28927-1:2020
ISO 28927-1:2019(E)
Annex A presents a model test report, Annex B the means for determining the uncertainty, K, and
Annex C specifies test wheel design.
5 Description of the family of machines
This document applies to hand-held machines fitted with guards, which are intended for grinding,
cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super abrasive products for use on all kinds of
materials.
For sanders without guards, see ISO 28927-3.
For applicable wheel types, as defined in ISO 603-14 and ISO 603-16, see Table 1.
The family of machines covered by this document comprises the following machines:
— angle and vertical grinders with type 27 wheels of diameters 80 mm to 300 mm; when the same
guard is also used for type 41 cutting-off
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
01-september-2019
Ročna prenosna električna orodja - Preskusne metode za vrednotenje oddajanja
vibracij - 1. del: Kotni in vertikalni brusilniki (ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019)
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part
1: Angle and vertical grinders (ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019)
Handgehaltene motorbetriebene Maschinen - Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der
Schwingungsemission - Teil 1: Winkelschleifer und Vertikalschleifer (ISO/FDIS 28927-
1:2019)
Machines à moteur portatives - Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation de l'émission de
vibrations - Partie 1: Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles (ISO/FDIS 28927-
1:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 28927-1
ICS:
13.160 Vpliv vibracij in udarcev na Vibration and shock with
ljudi respect to human beings
25.080.50 Brusilni in polirni stroji Grinding and polishing
machines
25.140.20 Električna orodja Electric tools
oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 28927-1
ISO/TC 118/SC 3
Hand-held portable power tools —
Secretariat: SIS
Test methods for evaluation of
Voting begins on:
2019-07-09 vibration emission —
Voting terminates on:
Part 1:
2019-10-01
Angle and vertical grinders
Machines à moteur portatives — Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation
de l'émission de vibrations —
Partie 1: Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
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Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
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©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2019
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols . 2
4 Basic standards and vibration test codes . 2
5 Description of the family of machines. 3
6 Characterization of vibration . 5
6.1 Direction of measurement . 5
6.2 Location of measurements . 5
6.3 Magnitude of vibration. 8
6.4 Combination of vibration directions . 8
7 Instrumentation requirements . 8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Mounting of transducers . 8
7.2.1 Specification of transducer . 8
7.2.2 Fastening of transducers . 8
7.3 Frequency weighting filter . 9
7.4 Integration time . 9
7.5 Auxiliary equipment . 9
7.6 Calibration . 9
8 Testing and operating conditions of the machinery . 9
8.1 General . 9
8.2 Operating conditions .10
8.2.1 Pneumatic machines . .10
8.2.2 Hydraulic machines .10
8.2.3 Electrical machines .10
8.3 Other quantities to be specified .10
8.4 Attached equipment, work piece and task .10
8.4.1 Test wheel .10
8.4.2 Feed force .11
8.4.3 Test procedure .13
8.5 Operators .13
9 Measurement procedure and validity .13
9.1 Reported vibration values .13
9.2 Declaration and verification of the vibration emission value.14
9.3 Correction factor .14
10 Measurement report .15
Annex A (informative) Model test report for vibration emission of angle and vertical grinders .16
Annex B (normative) Determination of uncertainty .18
Annex C (normative) Design of test wheel .20
Bibliography .28
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools,
machines and equipment, Subcommittee SC 3, Pneumatic tools and machines.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 28927-1:2009) and (ISO 28927-1:2009/
Amd.1:2017), of which it constitutes a minor revision. The changes compared to the previous edition
are as follows:.
— Table C.4, in "Radius to centre of hole", change rh to r ;
h
— Table C.4, in "Radius to centre of threaded hole", change rt to r ;
t
— Figure C.4, change r to r ;
s t
— Figure C.4, change r to r ;
t h
— Figure C.4, in the key, change r to r .
s h
A list of all parts in the ISO 28927 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or -B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the
other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this
type-C standard.
The vibration test codes for portable hand-held machines given in ISO 28927 are based on ISO 20643,
which gives general specifications for the measurement of the vibration emission of hand-held and
hand-guided machinery. ISO 28927 specifies the operation of the machines under type-test conditions
and other requirements for the performance of type tests. The structure/numbering of its clauses
follows that of ISO 20643.
The basic principle for transducer positioning first introduced in the EN 60745 series of European
standards is followed, representing a deviation from ISO 20643 for reasons of consistency. The
transducers are primarily positioned next to the hand in the area between the thumb and the index
finger, where they give the least disturbance to the operator gripping the machine.
It has been found that vibrations generated by grinders vary considerably in typical use. This is largely
due to the variances in the unbalance of the machine with the grinding wheel mounted. The unbalance
also changes when the wheel is worn through operation.
In order to provide a method that gives good measurement reproducibility, the procedure adopted in
this document uses a test wheel of known unbalance mounted on a machine and run under no-load
conditions. The unbalance for the different types of test wheel are chosen to give vibration values that
are as far as possible in accordance with ISO 20643. The procedures of ISO 5349 are required whenever
exposure at the workplace is to be assessed.
Underestimation of the vibration for machines equipped with technical means to automatically reduce
unbalances is taken into account by multiplying the vibration values of such machines with a correction
factor of 1,3.
For grinders that are intended to be used with cupped wire brushes, the vibration value is obtained by
using a correction factor of 1,6.
The values obtained are type-test values intended to be representative of the average of the upper
quartile of typical vibration magnitudes in real-world use of the machines. However, the actual
magnitudes will vary considerably from time to time and depend on many factors, including the
operator, the task and the inserted tool or consumable. The state of maintenance of the machine itself
might also be of importance. Under real working conditions the influences of the operator and process
can be particularly important at low magnitudes. It is therefore not recommended that emission values
2
below 2,5 m/s be used for estimating the vibration magnitude under real working conditions. In such
2
cases, 2,5 m/s is the recommended vibration magnitude for estimating the machine vibration.
If accurate values for a specific work place are required, then measurements (according to ISO 5349)
in that work situation could be necessary. Vibration values measured in real working conditions can be
either higher or lower than the values obtained using this document.
Higher vibration magnitudes can easily occur in real work situations, caused by the use of excessively
unbalanced grinding wheels, worn flanges or bent spindles.
The vibration test codes given in ISO 28927 supersede those given in ISO 8662, whose parts have been
replaced by the corresponding parts of ISO 28927 (see Foreword).
NOTE ISO 8662-11, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 11:
Fastener driving tools could be replaced by a future part of ISO 28927.
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
Hand-held portable power tools — Test methods for
evaluation of vibration emission —
Part 1:
Angle and vertical grinders
1 Scope
This document specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission
at the handles of hand-held power-driven angle and vertical grinders. It is a type-test procedure for
establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test
wheel and run under no-load conditions. The method has been established for surface grinding tasks
only. Cutting and sanding generally create lower vibrations. It is intended that the results be used to
compare different models of the same type of machine.
This document is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other
means, intended for grinding, cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super-abrasive
products and with wire brushes for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to die grinders or
straight grinders.
NOTE To avoid confusion with the terms “power tool” and “inserted tool”, machine is used for the former
throughout this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2787, Rotary and percussive pneumatic tools — Performance tests
ISO 5349 (all parts), Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to
hand-transmitted vibration
ISO 5391, Pneumatic tools and machines — Vocabulary
ISO 17066, Hydraulic tools — Vocabulary
ISO 20643:2005, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand-guided machinery — Principles for
evaluation of vibration emission
EN 755-2, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles — Part 2: Mechanical
properties
EN 12096, Mechanical vibration — Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5391, ISO 17066 and
ISO 20643, and the following terms, definitions and symbols, apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
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ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
grinder
machine driving a rotary output spindle adapted to carry an abrasive wheel/device for material removal
[SOURCE: ISO 5391:2003, 2.1.3, modified — Definition rephrased and note deleted.]
3.1.2
angle grinder
grinder where the output spindle is at a given angle (usually a right angle) to the motor axis
[SOURCE: ISO 5391:2003, 2.1.3.3]
3.1.3
vertical grinder
grinder where the handle or handles are at an angle to the coaxially aligned motor and output spindle axis
[SOURCE: ISO 5391:2003, 2.1.3.2]
3.1.4
test wheel
aluminium wheel geometrically similar to a real grinding wheel, with holes on specified radii to give
defined unbalances
3.2 Symbols
Symbol Description Unit
2
a root-mean-square (r.m.s.) single-axis acceleration value of the frequen- m/s
hw
cy-weighted hand-transmitted vibration
2
a vibration total value of frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration; root sum of m/s
hv
squares of a values for the three measured axes of vibration
hw
2
a a as measured during testing m/s
hvmeas hv
2
a a at rated no-load speed m/s
hvrat hv
2
arithmetic mean value of a values of runs for one operator for one hand m/s
hv
a
position
hv
2
a m/s
h
arithmetic mean value of a values for all operators for one hand position
hv
2
m/s
arithmetic mean value of a values for one hand position on several machines
a h
h
2
a declared vibration emission value m/s
hd
n measured no-load speed during testing with the test wheel mounted r/min
meas
n rated no-load speed: maximum rotational-speed of the machine according to r/min
rat
the speed marking of the machine
2
s standard deviation for a test series (for a sample, s) m/s
n−1
2
σ standard deviation of reproducibility (for a population, σ) m/s
R
C coefficient of variation for a test series
V
2
K uncertainty m/s
4 Basic standards and vibration test codes
This document is based on the requirements of ISO 20643 and corresponds to its structure in respect of
clause subjects and numbering except for the annexes.
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ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
Annex A presents a model test report, Annex B the means for determining the uncertainty, K, and
Annex C specifies test wheel design.
5 Description of the family of machines
This document applies to hand-held machines fitted with guards, which are intended for grinding,
cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super abrasive products for use on all kinds of
materials.
For sanders without guards, see ISO 28927-3.
For applicable wheel types, as defined in ISO 603-14 and ISO 603-16, see Table 1.
The family of machines covered by this document comprises the following machines:
— angle and vertical grinders with type 27 wheels of diameters 80 mm to 300 mm; when the same
guard is also used for type 41 cutting-off wheels then only the vibration value for the type 27 test
wheel need be declared (see 8.4.1 for test wheel specifications);
— angle and vertical grinders with special guards for type 41 cut off wheels; the test shall be carried
out using a type 27 test wheel (see 8.4.1 for test wheel specifications);
— angle and vertical grinders with special guards for stone cutting wheels; the test shall be carried
out using the most appropriate wheel from the types described in Table 2;
— angle and vertical grinders for types 6 and 11 cup wheels with diameters 100 mm to 180 mm;
— angle and vertical grinders, as well as sanders, for fibre discs and flap wheels with diameters
80 mm to 300 mm.
NOTE For wheels with a diameter less than 80 mm, see ISO 603-14.
Figures 1 to 6 show examples of typical grinders covered by this document.
Figure 1 — Electrical angle grinder with separate main handle
Figure 2 — Electrical angle grinder whose motor serves as main handle
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ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
Figure 3 — Pneumatic angle grinder whose motor serves as main handle
Figure 4 — Pneumatic angle grinder with separate main handle
Figure 5 — Pneumatic vertical grinder
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Figure 6 — Angle grinder intended for one-handed operation
NOTE This document only covers wheel dimensions included in ISO 603-14. For other wheel dimensions, use
ISO 20643.
6 Characterization of vibration
6.1 Direction of measurement
The vibration transmitted to the hand shall be measured and reported for three directions of an
orthogonal coordinate system. At each hand position, the vibration shall be measured simultaneously
in the three directions shown in Figures 7 to 12.
6.2 Location of measurements
Measurements shall be made at the gripping zones, where the operator normally holds the machine and
applies the feed force. For machines intended for one-handed operation, it is only necessary to measure
at a single point.
The prescribed transducer location shall be as close as possible to the hand between the thumb and
index finger. This shall apply to both hand positions, with the machine held as in normal operation.
Whenever possible, measurements shall be made at the prescribed locations.
A secondary location is defined as being on the side of, and as close as possible to, the inner end of
the handle where the prescribed location is found. If a prescribed location of the transducer cannot be
used, this secondary location shall be used instead.
The prescribed or secondary locations shall also be used on anti-vibration handles.
Figures 7 to 12 show the prescribed and secondary locations and measurement directions for the hand
positions normally used for the different types of machines in this family.
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
Key
1 prescribed location
2 secondary location
Figure 7 — Measurement locations — Electrical angle grinder with separate main handle
Key
1 prescribed location
2 secondary location
Figure 8 — Measurement locations — Electrical angle grinder whose motor serves as main handle
Key
1 prescribed location
2 secondary location
Figure 9 — Measurement locations — Pneumatic angle grinder whose motor serves as main
handle
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oSIST prEN ISO 28927-1:2019
ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
Key
1 prescribed location
2 secondary location
Figure 10 — Measurement locations — Pneumatic angle grinder with separate main handle
Key
1 prescribed location
2 secondary location
Figure 11 — Measurement locations — Pneumatic vertical grinder
Key
1 prescribed location
2 secondary location
Figure 12 — Measurement locations — Angle grinder intended for one-handed operation
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ISO/FDIS 28927-1:2019(E)
6.3 Magnitude of vibration
The definitions for the magnitude of vibration given in ISO 20643:2005, 6.3, apply.
6.4 Combination of vibration directions
The vibration total value defined in ISO 20643:2005, 6.4, shall be reported for both hand positions when
applicable. It is acceptable to report and carry out tests on the hand position having the highest reading.
The vibration total value at that hand position shall be at least 30 % higher than the other. This result
may be obtained during a preliminary test carried out by a single operator during five test runs.
To obtain the vibration total value of the frequency-weighed acceleration, a , at the measured no-
hvmeas
load speed for each test run, the result in each direction shall be combined using Formula (1):
22 2
aa=+ aa+ (1)
hvmeas hwxhwy hwz
The a value for each test run is corrected to the frequency-weighed acceleration, a , at the
hvmeas hvrat
rated no-load speed using Formula (2):
n
rat
aa= (2)
hvrathvmeas
n
meas
where
n is the rated no-load speed i.e. the maximum rotational speed of the machine as marked on
rat
the machine;
n is the measured no-load speed during testing.
meas
7 Instrumentation requirements
7.1 General
The instrumentation shall be in accordance with ISO 20643:2005, 7.1.
7.2 Mounting of transducers
7.2.1 Specification of transducer
The specification of the transducer given in ISO 20643:2005, 7.2.1, applies.
T
...
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