SIST EN 14985:2012
(Main)Cranes - Slewing jib cranes
Cranes - Slewing jib cranes
This European Standard applies to power operated slewing jib cranes mounted in one position or free to travel on horizontal rails. It does not apply to wall mounted, pillar or workshop jib cranes. This European Standard is not applicable to erection, dismantling operations, or changing the configuration of the crane. This European Standard gives requirements for all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to slewing jib cranes, when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard does not include requirements for the lifting of persons. This European Standard is applicable to slewing jib cranes, which are manufactured after the date of approval by CEN of this European Standard. This European Standard is not applicable to slewing jib cranes which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
Krane - Ausleger-Drehkrane
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für elektrisch oder hydraulisch angetriebene Ausleger-Drehkrane, die entweder an einer Stelle aufgestellt sind oder sich frei auf horizontalen Schienen bewegen. Sie gilt nicht für an der Wand montierte Auslegerkrane, Säulen-Auslegerkrane, Derrik-Krane, Eisenbahnkrane, Turmdrehkrane oder Werkstatt Auslegerkrane. Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Montage- und Demontagearbeiten an einem Kran oder für Änderungen der Krankonfiguration.
Diese Europäische Norm enthält Anforderungen an alle für Ausleger-Drehkrane zutreffenden, signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse bei bestimmungsgemäßem Einsatz unter den vom Hersteller vorgesehenen Bedingungen an (siehe Abschnitt 4).
Die spezifischen Gefährdungen durch mögliche explosive Atmosphären, ionisierende Strahlung und Betrieb in elektro¬magnetischen Feldern über den Bereich von EN 61000 6 2 hinaus werden in dieser Europäischen Norm nicht behandelt.
Diese Europäische Norm enthält keine Anforderungen an das Heben von Personen.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Ausleger-Drehkrane, die nach dem Datum der Annahme dieser Europäischen Norm durch das CEN hergestellt wurden.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Grues à flèche pivotante
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux grues à flèche pivotante montées en un emplacement fixe ou à déplacement libre sur des rails horizontaux. Elle ne s'applique pas aux grues à flèche à montage mural, à colonne ou d'atelier. La présente Norme européenne n'est pas applicable aux opérations de montage et de démontage ou de changement de configuration de la grue.
La présente Norme européenne donne les prescriptions concernant l'ensemble des phénomènes dangereux, situations et évènements dangereux, dangereux significatifs relatifs aux grues à flèche pivotante, lorsqu'elles sont utilisées pour l’usage prévu et dans des conditions prévues par le fabricant (voir Article 4).
Les phénomènes dangereux spécifiques provoqués par les atmosphères explosibles et les rayonnements ionisants et dus au fonctionnement dans des environnements soumis à des champs électromagnétiques au-delà de la gamme prévue dans l'EN 61000-6-2 ne sont pas couverts par la présente Norme européenne.
La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas des prescriptions relatives au levage de personnes.
La présente Norme européenne est applicable aux grues à flèche pivotante fabriquées après la date d'approbation de la présente norme par le CEN.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas aux grues à flèche pivotante fabriquées avant la date de publication par le CEN.
Žerjavi - Vrtljivi žerjavi z ročico
Ta evropski standard se uporablja za električne ali hidravlične vrtljive žerjave z ročico, nameščene na enem mestu ali z možnostjo premikanja na vodoravnih tirih. Ne uporablja se za zidne, stebrne, ladijske, železniške ali delavniške žerjave z ročico. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za gradbena in razstavljalna dela ali spreminjanje nastavitev žerjava. Ta evropski standard podaja zahteve za vsa večja tveganja, nevarne razmere in dogodke, povezane z vrtljivimi žerjavi z ročico, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z njihovim namenom in pod pogoji, ki jih določa proizvajalec. Posebne nevarnosti zaradi potencialno eksplozivne atmosfere, ionizirajočega sevanja in delovanja v elektromagnetnem polju, ki presegajo območje standarda 61000-6-2, niso zajete v tem evropskem standardu. Ta evropski standard ne vključuje zahtev za dviganje oseb. Ta evropski standard se uporablja za vrtljive žerjave z ročico, ki so bili proizvedeni po datumu, ko je CEN sprejel ta evropski standard.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Krane - Ausleger-DrehkraneAppareils de levage à charge suspendue - Grues à flèche pivotanteCranes - Slewing jib cranes53.020.20DvigalaCranesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14985:2012SIST EN 14985:2012en,fr,de01-julij-2012SIST EN 14985:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14985:20071DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14985:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14985
February 2012 ICS 53.020.20 Supersedes EN 14985:2007English Version
Cranes - Slewing jib cranes
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Grues à flèche pivotante
Krane - Ausleger-Drehkrane This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 December 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14985:2012: ESIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4Introduction .51Scope .62Normative references .63Terms and definitions .84List of hazards .85Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 125.1General . 125.2Requirements for strength and stability . 125.2.1Selection of classification parameters . 125.2.2Selection of loads and load combinations . 125.2.3Determination of factor φφφφ2 . 125.2.4Stall load condition . 135.2.5Loads caused by acceleration . 145.2.6Jib side loading . 145.2.7Test loads . 145.2.8Conditions of use of permissible stress method and limit state method . 145.2.9Stability of rail mounted cranes . 155.3Electrotechnical equipment . 165.3.1General . 165.3.2Physical environment and operating conditions . 165.3.3Electrical supply . 165.3.4External protective earthing and equipotential bonding . 165.3.5Supply disconnecting and switching off . 165.3.6Protection against electric shock . 175.3.7Conductors and cables . 175.3.8Control circuits and control functions . 175.3.9Operator interface and mounted control devices . 185.3.10Control gear – Location, mounting and enclosures . 195.3.11Electrical requirements for the installation of load handling devices . 195.3.12Electric motors . 195.4Non-electrotechnical equipment . 195.4.1General . 195.4.2Braking systems . 205.4.3Hoisting mechanism . 215.4.4Luffing system . 215.4.5Slew mechanism . 225.4.6Travel mechanism. 235.4.7Gear drives . 235.5Limiting and indicating devices . 245.5.1Rated capacity limiters . 245.5.2Indicators . 255.5.3Motion limiters . 255.5.4Performance limiters . 255.6Protection against special hazards. 265.6.1Hot surfaces . 265.6.2Radio equipment . 265.6.3Laser beams . 265.6.4Fire hazard . 265.6.5Exhaust gases . 26SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 3 5.6.6Fuelling . 265.7Man-machine interface . 265.7.1Controls and control stations . 265.7.2Guarding and access . 275.7.3Lighting. 275.7.4Reduction of noise by design . 285.8Equipment for information and warning . 295.8.1General . 295.8.2Location of visual display units . 295.8.3Safety colour . 295.8.4Warning lights . 296Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 296.1General . 296.2Fitness for purpose testing . 326.2.1General . 326.2.2Tests . 327Information for use . 347.1Instructions for installation and safe use . 347.2Driver's manual . 347.3User's manual . 357.4Instructions for regular checks, inspections and tests . 367.5Instructions for maintenance . 367.6Markings . 378Information to be obtained from the purchaser . 37Annex A (informative)
Guidance for classification according to EN 13001-1 . 38A.1Total number of working cycles . 38A.2Load spectrum factor kQ . 39A.3Classification of the hoist mechanism . 40A.4Classification of the luffing mechanism . 41A.5Classification of the slewing mechanism . 43Annex B (normative)
Load combinations . 46Annex C (informative)
Calculation of stall load factor for indirect acting lifting force limiter . 47Annex D (normative)
Noise test code for slewing jib cranes . 49D.1General . 49D.2Description of machinery family . 49D.3Determination of a conventional emission sound pressure level by calculation . 50D.3.1Principle of the method . 50D.3.2Calculation . 50D.4Emission sound pressure level determination at control stations and other specified positions by measurement . 52D.4.1Measurement method and points . 52D.4.2Case of very large cranes . 52D.4.3Installation and mounting conditions . 52D.4.4Operating conditions . 52D.5Uncertainties . 53D.6Information to be recorded . 53D.7Information to be reported. 54D.8Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 54Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 55Bibliography . 56 SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14985:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14985:2007. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This revision does not contain any fundamental changes. However, a number of clauses have been redrafted for reasons of clarity and technical and editorial accuracy. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means for slewing jib cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as mentioned in Annex ZA. This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard applies to electrically or hydraulically powered slewing jib cranes mounted in one position or free to travel on horizontal rails. It does not apply to wall mounted, pillar, derrick, railway, tower or workshop jib cranes. This European Standard is not applicable to erection, dismantling operations, or changing the configuration of the crane. This European Standard gives requirements for all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to slewing jib cranes, when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard does not include requirements for the lifting of persons. This European Standard is applicable to slewing jib cranes, which are manufactured after the date of approval by CEN of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 547-1, Safety of machinery — Human body measurements — Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery EN 547-2, Safety of machinery — Human body measurements — Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings EN 894-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 894-2, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 2: Displays EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices EN 12644-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2:2011, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load actions CEN/TS 13001-3-1, Cranes — General design — Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel structures CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 7 EN 13135-1, Cranes — Equipment — Part 1: Electrotechnical equipment EN 13135-2, Cranes — Equipment — Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fixed load lifting attachments EN 13557:2003+A2:2008, Cranes — Controls and control stations EN 13586, Cranes — Access EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 11: Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. and not exceeding 36 kV (IEC 60204-11) EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008) EN 60825-1, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
(IEC 60825-1) EN ISO 4871, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871) EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1) EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13857, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857) ISO 3864 (all parts), Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs ISO 6336-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors ISO 6336-2, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting) ISO 7752-4, Cranes — Controls — Layout and characteristics — Part 4: Jib cranes ISO 8566-4, Cranes — Cabins — Part 4: Jib cranes ISO 9374-4, Cranes — Information to be provided — Part 4: Jib cranes ISO 12210-4, Cranes — Anchoring devices for in-service and out-of-service conditions — Part 4: Jib cranes SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 8 ISO 12488-4, Cranes — Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks — Part 4: Jib cranes FEM 1.001:1998, booklets 9 and 10, Rules for the design of hoisting appliances 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 rated capacity
mRC maximum net load (the sum of the payload and non-fixed load-lifting attachment) that the crane is designed to lift for a given crane configuration and load location during normal operation 3.2 hoist load
mH sum of the masses of the load equal to the rated capacity, the fixed lifting attachment and the hoist medium 3.3 slewing jib crane power operated crane designed for permanent installation, mounted in either a fixed position or free to travel on horizontal rails, equipped with a jib which is able to rotate around a vertical axis 3.4 direct acting lifting force limiter device that limits the force on the system to a specified level 3.5 indirect acting force limiter device that measures the force on the system and activates a second device to stop the motion 4 List of hazards Table 1 contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 9 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements No.HazardRelevant clause(s) in this European Standard 1 Mechanical hazards 1.1 Generated by machine parts or workpieces, e.g. by:
1.1.1 Shape
1.1.2 Relative location 5.7.2 1.1.3 Mass and stability 5.2 1.1.4 Mass and velocity 5.4.4, 5.4.5,
1.1.5 Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.2 1.2 Accumulation of energy inside the machinery, e.g. by:
1.2.1 Elastic elements (springs)
1.3 Elementary forms of mechanical hazards
1.3.1 Crushing 5.1, 5.7.2, 7.2
1.3.2 Shearing 5.7.2
1.3.3 Cutting or severing
1.3.4 Entanglement hazard
1.3.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard
- moving transmission parts 5.7.2 1.3.6 Impact 5.5.3, 7.2 1.3.7 Stabbing or puncture hazard
1.3.8 Friction or abrasion hazard
2 Electrical hazards due to:5.3 2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) 5.3.6.1 2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) 5.3.6.2 2.3 Approach to live parts under high voltage 5.3.5. 2.4 Electrostatic phenomena 7.4 3 Thermal hazards, resulting in: 3.1 Burns and scalds, by possible contact of persons with objects or materials with an extreme temperature, by flames, by radiation, etc. 5.6.1, 7.5 4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing losses 5.7.4, 7.3 4.2 Interference with speech communication, signals, etc. 5.7.4, 7.3 6 Radiation
6.0 External radiation See Introduction 6.1 Low frequency, radio frequency radiation, micro waves 5.6.2 6.2 Infrared, visible, UV-light
6.3 X and gamma rays
6.4 Alpha, beta rays, electron or ion beams; neutrons
6.5 Lasers 5.6.3
7 Processed materials and substances, used materials, fuels
SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 10 7.1 Hazards from contact with harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts 5.6.4, 5.6.5, 5.6.6 See Introduction 7.2 Fire or explosion hazard See Introduction 8 Neglected ergonomic principles in machine design, e.g. hazards from:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive efforts 5.7.1.2 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy
8.3 Neglected use of personal protection equipment 7.3 8.4 Inadequate local lighting 5.7.3 8.5 Mental overload or underload, stress 7.3 8.7 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls 5.7.1 8.8 Inadequate design or location of visual display units 5.8.2 10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/over-speed (or any similar malfunction) from: 5.3, 5.5 10.1 Failure/ disorder of control systems 5.7.1 10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 5.3.2 10.4 Other external influences (gravity, wind, etc.) 5.4.2.2, 5.4.4.1, 5.4.5.1/2 10.5 Errors in the software 5.3.9 10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abilities) 7.2 11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions 5.4.5.1 13 Failure of the power supply5.4.2 16 Break-up during operation 5.2, 7.4, 7.5
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluid5.7.2
19 Slip, trip and falling of persons (related to machinery) 5.7.2 Additional hazards and hazardous events due to mobility 20 Relating to the travelling function
20.1
Uncontrolled movement of crane when starting the engine 5.3.8 20.2 Movement without a driver at the driving position 5.3.8 20.3 Movement without all parts in a safe position 5.3.8 20.4 Excessive speed of pedestrian controlled machinery
20.5 Excessive oscillations when moving 5.2.8.6 20.6 Insufficient ability of machinery to be slowed down, stopped and immobilised 5.4.5.1, 7.3 21 Linked to the work position (including driving station) on the machine
21.1 Fall of persons during access to (or at/from) the work position 5.7.2 SIST EN 14985:2012
EN 14985:2012 (E) 11 21.2 Exhaust gases / lack of oxygen at the work position 5.6.5 21.3 Fire (flammability of the cab, lack of extinguishing means) 5.6.4 21.4 Mechanical hazards at the wo
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