oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023
(Main)Rough-terrain trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Variable-reach trucks
Rough-terrain trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Variable-reach trucks
This European Standard specifies the safety requirements of self-propelled variable-reach rough-terrain trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks), intended to handle loads, equipped with a telescopic lifting means (pivoted boom), on which a load handling device (e.g. carriage and fork arms) is fitted.
For the purpose of this standard, rough-terrain variable-reach trucks are designed to transport, lift and place loads and can be driven on unimproved terrain.
Fork arms are considered to be part of the truck. Trucks can also be equipped with a variety of attachments (e.g. bale spikes, mowers, sweepers).
This European Standard deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the trucks when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A).
This European Standard does not apply to:
- slewing variable reach rough terrain trucks covered by EN 1459-2;
- industrial variable reach trucks covered by EN ISO 3691-2;
- lorry-mounted variable reach trucks;
- variable reach trucks fitted with tilting or elevating operator position;
- mobile cranes covered by EN 13000;
- machines designed primarily for earth moving, even if their buckets and blades are replaced with forks (see EN 474 series);
- trucks designed primarily with variable length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from which the load may swing freely in all directions;
- trucks fitted with personnel/work platforms, designed to move persons to elevated working positions;
- trucks designed primarily for container handling;
- trucks on tracks;
- trucks with articulated chassis;
- attachments (covered by prEN 1459-5).
This European Standard does not address hazards linked to:
- hybrid power systems;
- gas power system;
- gasoline engine system;
- battery power system;
- tractor specific devices (e.g. PTO).
This European Standard does not address hazards which may occur:
a) when handling suspended loads which may swing freely (additional requirements are given in prEN 1459-4 (in preparation));
b) when using trucks on public roads;
c) when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres;
d) when operating underground;
e) when towing trailers;
f) when fitted with a personnel work platform (additional requirements are given in EN 1459-3);
g) when using cruise-control.
This European Standard does not provide a method of calculation for fatigue and strength of material.
This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.
Geländegängige Stapler - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Verifizierung - Teil 1: Stapler mit veränderlicher Reichweite
Chariots tout-terrain - Prescriptions de sécurité et vérification - Partie 1 : Chariots à portée variable
Vozila za talni transport - Terenska vozila - Varnostne zahteve in preverjanje - 1. del: Vozila z mehanizmom za dviganje s spremenljivim dosegom
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023
01-junij-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1459-1:2018+A1:2020
Vozila za talni transport - Terenska vozila - Varnostne zahteve in preverjanje - 1.
del: Vozila z mehanizmom za dviganje s spremenljivim dosegom
Rough-terrain trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Variable-reach
trucks
Geländegängige Stapler - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Verifizierung - Teil
1: Stapler mit veränderlicher Reichweite
Chariots tout-terrain - Prescriptions de sécurité et vérification - Partie 1 : Chariots à
portée variable
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1459-1
ICS:
53.060 Industrijski tovornjaki Industrial trucks
oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023
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oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1459-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2023
ICS 53.060 Will supersede EN 1459-1:2017+A1:2020
English Version
Rough-terrain trucks - Safety requirements and
verification - Part 1: Variable-reach trucks
Chariots tout-terrain - Prescriptions de sécurité et Geländegängige Stapler - Sicherheitstechnische
vérification - Partie 1 : Chariots à portée variable Anforderungen und Verifizierung - Teil 1: Stapler mit
veränderlicher Reichweite
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 150.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1459-1:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023
prEN 1459-1:2023 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 16
4.1 General. 16
4.1.1 Introduction . 16
4.1.2 Sharp edges and acute angles . 16
4.1.3 Stored energy components . 16
4.2 Starting/stopping of engine and moving machine . 16
4.2.1 Unauthorized starting . 16
4.2.2 Stopping system . 16
4.2.3 Unintended movement . 16
4.2.4 Uncontrolled motion . 16
4.2.5 Powered travel movement . 17
4.2.6 Non-activation of the parking brake . 17
4.3 Brakes . 17
4.3.1 General. 17
4.3.2 Failure of energy supply . 17
4.3.3 Holding performance . 18
4.4 Electrical and electronic systems . 18
4.4.1 General. 18
4.4.2 Safety related parts of control systems . 19
4.4.3 Degree of protection . 19
4.4.4 Identification of wiring . 19
4.4.5 Protection against electric shock . 19
4.4.6 Batteries . 20
4.5 Controls at the normal operating position . 20
4.5.1 General. 20
4.5.2 Differential locking . 20
4.5.3 Steering controls . 21
4.5.4 Load handling controls . 23
4.5.5 Multi-function controls . 23
4.5.6 Stabilizing device control . 24
4.5.7 Sway/levelling control . 24
4.5.8 Axle oscillation locking . 24
4.6 Remote control . 24
4.7 Power systems and accessories . 25
4.7.1 Exhaust system . 25
4.7.2 Cooling system . 25
4.7.3 Tanks and pressure vessels . 25
4.8 Stabilizing devices . 26
4.9 Design requirements for maintenance purposes . 28
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4.9.1 General . 28
4.9.2 Boom support device . 28
4.9.3 Tiltable cab support device . 28
4.10 Systems for lifting, tilting and reaching . 29
4.10.1 Chains and wire ropes . 29
4.10.2 Hydraulic system . 30
4.10.3 Maximum load lowering speed . 31
4.10.4 Limitation of stroke . 31
4.10.5 Fork arms . 31
4.10.6 Attachment interface . 32
4.11 Operator’s station . 32
4.11.1 General requirements . 32
4.11.2 Operator’s manual storage . 32
4.11.3 Pipes and hoses . 32
4.11.4 Operator's station . 32
4.11.5 Operator's seat . 35
4.11.6 Control panels, and symbols on displays . 37
4.12 Operator access . 37
4.12.1 General requirements . 37
4.12.2 Operator’s station openings . 37
4.13 Protective measures and devices . 38
4.13.1 Hot parts . 38
4.13.2 Protection against crushing, shearing and trapping . 38
4.13.3 Guards . 38
4.13.4 Engine compartment . 38
4.13.5 Fenders . 39
4.13.6 ROPS and FOPS . 39
4.13.7 Audible warning devices . 39
4.14 Stability requirements . 39
4.15 Visibility . 40
4.16 Lighting . 40
4.17 Fire protection . 40
4.17.1 Fire resistance . 40
4.17.2 Fire extinguisher . 40
4.18 Retrieval, transportation and lifting . 40
4.18.1 General . 40
4.18.2 Retrieval . 40
4.18.3 Tying-down . 40
4.18.4 Lifting . 41
4.19 Noise . 41
4.19.1 Noise emission reduction . 41
4.19.2 Emission sound pressure level at the operator's station . 41
4.20 Electromagnetic radiation . 42
4.20.1 Non-ionising radiation . 42
4.20.2 External radiation . 42
5 Verification of requirements and safety measures . 42
5.1 General . 42
5.2 Functional verification . 42
5.3 Structural verification . 42
5.3.1 Test loads . 42
5.3.2 Static test . 43
5.3.3 Dynamic tests . 43
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prEN 1459-1:2023 (E)
5.4 Load holding verification . 44
6 Information for use . 44
6.1 General. 44
6.2 Graphical symbols and warning . 44
6.2.1 Safety Signs and graphical symbols . 44
6.2.2 Graphical symbol of lift points . 44
6.2.3 Graphical symbol of tie-down points . 44
6.2.4 Graphical symbol of retrieval points . 45
6.2.5 Graphical symbol for pneumatic tyre inflation pressures . 45
6.2.6 Graphical symbol for fuel filling points . 46
6.2.7 Graphical symbol for hydraulic fluid filling points . 46
6.2.8 Graphical symbols for stored energy components . 47
6.2.9 Graphical symbol for brake fluid filling points . 48
6.2.10 Graphical symbol for battery disconnection . 48
6.2.11 Warnings . 49
6.3 Instruction handbook. 49
6.3.1 General. 49
6.3.2 Operating and maintenance instructions . 50
6.4 Marking . 53
6.5 Load chart . 54
6.5.1 Trucks with load carrying attachments . 54
6.5.2 Trucks with non-load carrying attachments . 56
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 57
Annex B (informative) Consistency of motions . 63
Annex C (normative) Rules for the construction and layout of pedals . 64
C.1 Definitions . 64
C.1.1 pedal . 64
C.1.2 service brake pedal . 64
C.1.3 clutch pedal . 64
C.1.4 inching pedal . 64
C.1.5 accelerator pedal . 64
C.2 Requirements . 64
C.2.1 General. 64
C.2.2 Service brake pedal . 64
C.2.3 Clutch pedal . 65
C.2.4 Accelerator pedal . 65
C.2.5 Inching pedal . 65
C.3 Design and manufacture . 65
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 67
Bibliography . 72
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oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023
prEN 1459-1:2023 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 1459-1:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 150 “Industrial
Trucks - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1459-1:2017+A1:2020.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
— addition of an alternative calculation method for chains and wire ropes;
— requirements for trucks not fitted with an enclosed cab;
— update of normative references;
— other minor changes, mainly editorial clarifications of existing requirements.
EN 1459 consists of the following parts, under the general title Rough-terrain trucks — Safety
requirements and verification:
— Part 1: Variable-reach trucks
— Part 2: Slewing variable-reach trucks
— Part 3: Interface between the variable-reach truck and the work platform
— Part 4: Additional requirements for variable-reach trucks handling suspended loads
— Part 5: Attachment interface
— Part 6: Application of EN ISO 13849-1 to slewing and non-slewing variable-reach rough-terrain truck
(technical report)
— Part 8: Variable-reach tractors
— Part 9: Variable-reach trucks equipped with work platforms having a frontguard that can be opened
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document.
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oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023
prEN 1459-1:2023 (E)
Introduction
This document covers general safety requirements and the means for verification of these requirements
for rough-terrain variable-reach trucks.
All quantities are in SI units, and this includes metric units.
Considering the technical improvements to the previous version of EN 1459, a transition period of 12
months is permitted after the date of publication, such that manufacturers can develop their products
sufficiently to meet the requirements of this document.
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B
standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C
standard.
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oSIST prEN 1459-1:2023
prEN 1459-1:2023 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the safety requirements of self-propelled rough-terrain variable-reach trucks
(hereafter referred to as trucks), intended to handle loads, equipped with a telescopic lifting means
(pivoted boom), on which a load handling device (e.g. carriage and fork arms) is fitted.
For the purpose of this document, rough-terrain variable-reach trucks are designed to transport, lift and
place loads and can be driven on unimproved terrain.
Fork arms are considered to be part of the truck. Trucks can also be equipped with a variety of
attachments (e.g. bale spikes, mowers, sweepers).
This document deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the
trucks when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable
by the manufacturer (see Annex A).
This document does not apply to:
— slewing rough-terrain variable-reach trucks covered by EN 1459-2:2015+A1:2018;
— rough-terrain variable-reach tractors;
— industrial variable reach trucks covered by EN ISO 3691-2:2016;
— lorry-mounted variable-reach trucks covered by ISO 20297-1:2017;
— variable-reach trucks fitted with tilting or elevating operator position;
— mobile cranes covered by EN 13000:2010+A1:2014;
— machines designed primarily for earth moving, even if their buckets and blades are replaced with
forks (see EN 474 series);
— trucks designed primarily with variable length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from
which the load may swing freely in all directions;
— trucks fitted with personnel work platforms, designed to move persons to elevated working
positions;
— trucks designed primarily for container handling;
— trucks on tracks;
— trucks with articulated chassis;
— attachments.
This document does not address sound power level.
This document does not address hazards linked to:
— operat
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