SIST EN 15265:2007
(Main)Energy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy needs for space heating and cooling using dynamic methods - General criteria and validation procedures
Energy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy needs for space heating and cooling using dynamic methods - General criteria and validation procedures
This European Standard specifies a set of assumptions, requirements and validation tests for procedures used for the calculation of the annual energy needs for space heating and cooling of a room in a building where the calculations are done with a time step of one hour or less.
This European Standard does not impose any specific numerical technique for the calculation of the room heating or cooling need and the internal temperatures of a room.
The purpose of this European Standard is to validate calculation methods used to:
- assess the energy performance of each room of a building;
- provide energy data to be used as interface with system performance analysis (heating, cooling, ventilating, lighting, domestic hot water etc).
The validation procedure is used to check the energy need for space heating and cooling based on a transient sensible heat balance model, taking into account:
- the external surface heat balance;
- the conduction through the building envelope;
- the thermal capacities of external and internal structures;
- the internal surface heat balance;
- the air heat balance;
- the heat balance solution method.
All other aspects are given either by prescribed boundary conditions or by input data and are not part of the model validation. It is assumed, that for all these other matters e.g. embedded heating and cooling systems, prescriptive models have to be used according to existing European Standards.
The system performance analysis and moisture balance are not within the scope of this European Standard.
Wärmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebäuden - Berechnung des Heiz- und Kühlenergieverbrauchs - Allgemeine Kriterien und Validierungsverfahren
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Annahmen, Anforderungen und Validierungsprüfungen für ein Verfahren zur Berechnung des Jahresheiz und Jahreskühlenergieverbrauchs eines Raums in einem Gebäude fest, wobei die Berechnungen auf Zeitschritten von einer Stunde oder weniger beruhen.
Diese Europäische Norm legt keine spezifische numerische Verfahrensweise für die Berechnung der Raumheiz oder Raumkühlbedarfs und der Rauminnentemperaturen fest.
Der Zweck dieser Europäischen Norm besteht darin, Berechnungsverfahren zu validieren, die für Folgendes angewendet werden:
Beurteilung der Energieeffizienz jedes Raumes eines Gebäudes;
Bereitstellung von Energiedaten, die als Schnittstelle mit der Analyse der Anlagenleistung anzuwenden sind (Heizen, Kühlen, Beleuchtung, Warmwasserbereitung usw.).
Das Validierungsverfahren wird angewendet, um auf der Grundlage eines Modells der Wärmebilanz für die sensible Übergangswärme und unter Berücksichtigung der folgenden Aspekte den Heiz und Kühlenergie¬verbrauch zu überprüfen:
Wärmebilanz für die Außenoberfläche;
Wärmeleitung durch die Gebäudehülle;
Wärmekapazität der Außen- und Innenbauteile;
Wärmebilanz für die Innenoberfläche;
Wärmebilanz für die Luft;
Lösungsverfahren für die Wärmebilanz.
Alle weiteren Aspekte sind in Form von vorgeschriebenen Randbedingungen oder Eingangsdaten angegeben und sind nicht Bestandteil der Modellvalidierung. Es wird vorausgesetzt, dass für alle weiteren Aspekte, z. B. eingebettete Heiz- und Kühlsysteme, vorgeschriebene Modelle in Übereinstimmung mit bestehenden Europäischen Normen anzuwenden sind.
Die Analyse der Anlagenleistung und die Feuchtebilanz sind nicht Gegenstand dieser Europäischen Norm
Performance thermiques des bâtiments - Calcul des besoins d'énergie pour le chauffage et le refroidissement des locaux - Critères généraux et procédures de validation
La présente Norme européenne définit les hypothèses, exigences et essais de validation des procédures de calcul des besoins énergétiques annuels de chauffage et de refroidissement d’un local, dans un bâtiment où les calculs sont effectués sur des périodes inférieures ou égales à une heure.
La présente Norme européenne n’impose pas de technique numérique spécifique pour le calcul des besoins en chauffage ou en refroidissement et des températures intérieures du local.
L'objet de la présente Norme européenne est de valider les méthodes de calcul utilisées pour :
évaluer les performances énergétiques de chaque local d’un bâtiment ;
fournir les données énergétiques à utiliser comme interface avec l’analyse des performances du système (chauffage, refroidissement, ventilation, éclairage, eau chaude sanitaire, etc).
La procédure de validation sert à vérifier les besoins énergétiques de chauffage et de refroidissement en se basant sur un modèle de balance thermique dynamique en chaleur sensible, en tenant compte :
de la balance thermique superficielle extérieure ;
de la conduction de l'enveloppe du bâtiment ;
des capacités thermiques des structures extérieure et intérieure ;
de la balance thermique superficielle intérieure ;
de la balance thermique de l'air ;
de la méthode de solution de la balance thermique.
Tous les autres aspects sont indiqués soit par les conditions limites prescrites, soit par les données d'entrées, et ne font pas partie de la validation du modèle. On suppose que pour toutes ces autres questions, par exemple, pour les systèmes de chauffage et de refroidissement intégrés, des modèles normatifs doivent être utilisés d'après les Normes européennes existantes.
L’analyse des performances du système et la balance en terme d’humidité n’entrent pas dans le domaine d’application de la présente Norme européenne.
Energijske značilnosti stavb - Računanje porabljene energije za segrevanje in hlajenje prostora z dinamično metodo - Splošna merila in validacija postopka
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Wärmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebäuden - Berechnung des Heiz- und Kühlenergieverbrauchs - Allgemeine Kriterien und ValidierungsverfahrenPerformance thermiques des bâtiments - Calcul des besoins d'énergie pour le chauffage et le refroidissement des locaux - Critères généraux et procédures de validationEnergy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy needs for space heating and cooling using dynamic methods - General criteria and validation procedures91.120.10Toplotna izolacija stavbThermal insulationICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15265:2007SIST EN 15265:2007en,de01-december-2007SIST EN 15265:2007SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15265August 2007ICS 91.140.99 English VersionEnergy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy needsfor space heating and cooling using dynamic methods - Generalcriteria and validation proceduresPerformance thermique des bâtiments - Calcul des besoinsd'énergie pour le chauffage et le refroidissement des locaux- Critères généraux et procédures de validationWärmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebäuden - Berechnungdes Heiz- und Kühlenergieverbrauchs - AllgemeineKriterien und ValidierungsverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 July 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15265:2007: E
EN 15265:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units.6 3.1 Terms and definitions.6 3.2 Symbols and units.7 4 Procedures.8 5 Basic assumptions.9 6 Data requirement.9 6.1 General.9 6.2 Climatic data.10 6.3 Surface heat transfer coefficients.10 6.4 Solar distribution.11 6.5 Air ventilation and air infiltration.11 6.5.1 General.11 6.5.2 Infiltration.11 6.5.3 Ventilation.12 6.6 Internal load.12 6.7 Internal design temperature.12 6.8 Heating and cooling system device.12 6.8.1 General.12 6.8.2 Convective device.12 6.8.3 Cooling or heating surface device.13 7 Report of the calculation.13 7.1 General.13 7.2 Input data.13 7.3 Results of calculation.14 8 Validation tests.14 8.1 General.14 8.2 Room and components description.14 8.3 Test cases description.19 8.3.1 Initial tests.19 8.3.2 Validation tests.20 9 Validation criteria and reference results.21 10 Validation test report.22 10.1 General.22 10.2 Input data.22 10.3 Output results.22 Annex A (normative)
Climatic data for the validation examples.23 Bibliography.74
EN 15265:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15265:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 89 “Thermal performance of buildings and building components”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2008. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association (Mandate M/343), and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD). It forms part of a series of standards aimed at European harmonisation of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings. An overview of the whole set of standards is given in prCEN/TR 15615. Attention is drawn to the need for observance of EU Directives transposed into national legal requirements. Existing national regulations (with or without reference to national standards) may restrict for the time being the implementation of this European Standard. This European Standard is one of a series of standards on general criteria and validation procedures for transient calculation methods for the design and the evaluation of the thermal and energy performance of buildings and building components. No existing European Standard is superseded. The target audience of this European Standard are software developers of building simulation tools and policy makers in the building regulation sector. The standard specifies the boundary conditions and the simplifications needed to reach calculation results for the building part which are comparable. It needs to be emphasized that there exist more sophisticated energy simulation methods and procedures including interactions with the heating, cooling, ventilating and lighting systems which may be used for the design and optimization process of a building without being necessarily covered by existing European Standards. This European Standard provides the means (in part) to assess the contribution that building products and services make to energy conservation and to the overall energy performance of buildings. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 15265:2007 (E) 4
Introduction This European Standard defines assumptions, boundary conditions and a procedure for the validation of dynamic calculation methods for the calculation of the annual energy need for space heating and cooling of a building or a part of it. This way, the same dynamic method used for calculating design heating and cooling loads can provide also the cooling and heating needs necessary to estimate annual energy requirements. The series of European Standards, giving general criteria and validation procedures for the building part of energy simulation models for the different calculation subjects, are listed below. European Standard Subject EN ISO 13791 EN ISO 13792 Temperature calculations (air and operative) EN 15255 Load calculations (sensible cooling) EN 15265 Energy need calculations (heating and cooling)
EN 15265:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a set of assumptions, requirements and validation tests for procedures used for the calculation of the annual energy needs for space heating and cooling of a room in a building where the calculations are done with a time step of one hour or less. This European Standard does not impose any specific numerical technique for the calculation of the room heating or cooling need and the internal temperatures of a room. The purpose of this European Standard is to validate calculation methods used to: assess the energy performance of each room of a building; provide energy data to be used as interface with system performance analysis (heating, cooling, ventilating, lighting, domestic hot water etc). The validation procedure is used to check the energy need for space heating and cooling based on a transient sensible heat balance model, taking into account: the external surface heat balance; the conduction through the building envelope; the thermal capacities of external and internal structures; the internal surface heat balance; the air heat balance; the heat balance solution method. All other aspects are given either by prescribed boundary conditions or by input data and are not part of the model validation. It is assumed, that for all these other matters e.g. embedded heating and cooling systems, prescriptive models have to be used according to existing European Standards. The system performance analysis and moisture balance are not within the scope of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15241, Ventilation for buildings — Calculation methods for energy losses due to ventilation and infiltration in commercial buildings EN 15242, Ventilation for buildings — Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in buildings including infiltration EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation — Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987) prEN ISO 10211, Thermal bridges in building construction — Heat flows and surface temperatures — Detailed calculations (ISO/DIS 10211:2005) prEN ISO 13370, Thermal performance of buildings — Heat transfer via the ground — Calculation methods (ISO/DIS 13370:2005)
EN 15265:2007 (E) 6 prEN ISO 13790, Energy performance of buildings — Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling (ISO/DIS 13790:2005) prEN ISO 14683, Thermal bridges in building construction — Linear thermal transmittance — Simplified methods and default values (ISO/DIS 14683:2005) 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995 and the following apply. 3.1.1 energy need for heating or cooling heat to be delivered to or extracted from a conditioned space to maintain the intended temperature conditions during a given period of time NOTE 1 The energy need is calculated and cannot easily be measured. NOTE 2 The energy need can include additional heat transfer resulting from non-uniform temperature distribution and non-ideal temperature control, if they are taken into account by increasing (decreasing) the effective temperature for heating (cooling) and not included in the heat transfer due to the heating (cooling) system. 3.1.2 energy use for space heating or cooling or domestic hot water energy input to the heating, cooling or hot water system to satisfy the energy need for heating, cooling (including dehumidification) or hot water respectively NOTE If the technical building system serves several purposes (e.g. heating and domestic hot water) it can be difficult to split the energy use into that used for each purpose. It can be indicated as a combined quantity (e.g. energy need for space heating and domestic hot water). 3.1.3 envelope element element of a building fabric delimited by two parallel surfaces, separating the room under consideration from the outdoor climate or another space 3.1.4 internal air temperature temperature of the room air 3.1.5 internal environment closed space delimited from the external environment or adjacent spaces by a building fabric component 3.1.6 internal surface temperature temperature of the internal surface of each room element 3.1.7 mean radiant temperature uniform surface temperature of an enclosure in which an occupant would exchange the same amount of radiant heat as in the actual non-uniform enclosure
EN 15265:2007 (E) 7 3.1.8 operative temperature uniform temperature of an enclosure in which an occupant would exchange the same amount of heat by radiation plus convection as in the actual non-uniform environment NOTE As approximation, the operative temperature is calculated as mean value of the air temperature and the mean radiant temperature. 3.1.9 room air air of the internal environment 3.2 Symbols and units Principal symbols used are listed below, other symbols are defined where they are used within the standard. Symbol Quantity Unit A area m2 cp specific heat capacity J/(kg⋅K) d layer thickness m fdf solar distribution factor - flf solar loss factor - fsa solar to air factor - g total solar energy transmittance - h surface heat transfer coefficient W/(m2⋅K) Q quantity of heat or energy kWh R thermal resistance m2⋅K/W U thermal transmittance under steady state W/(m2⋅K) α solar energy absorptance - ε total hemispherical emissivity
- θ Celsius temperature °C λ thermal conductivity W/(m⋅K) ρ density kg/m3 ρe solar energy reflectance - τe direct solar energy transmittance - Φ heat flow rate W
EN 15265:2007 (E) 8
Subscripts a air ic internal cavity c convection r radiation e external op operative ec external cavity se external surface i internal si internal surface
4 Procedures The hourly heating and cooling needs of the building are calculated for the whole year based on climatic data, building characteristics using applicable standards listed in prEN ISO 13790 and national data for internal heat gains. The validation tests given in Clause 8 are limited to the thermal energy to be delivered to or extracted from the premises for heating and cooling only and therefore exclude the linkage to the energy system parts illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Energy flows
EN 15265:2007 (E) 9
5 Basic assumptions The following basic assumptions shall be considered as minimum requirements for dynamic calculation methods being validated according to this European Standard: the room is considered a closed space delimited by enclosure elements; the air temperature is uniform throughout the room; the thermophysical properties of all materials are constant and isotropic; the convective heat transfer coefficients are fixed; the heat conduction through each room element is one-dimensional and their surfaces are considered isothermal; thermal bridges are represented either as linear heat loss elements with no thermal inertia according to prEN ISO 14683 or as equivalent one-dimensional building elements with thermal mass and thermal characteristics derived by steady state calculations according to prEN ISO 10211; the distribution of the solar radiation on the internal surfaces of the components of the zone is fixed; the distribution of the radiative part of heat flow to or from internal sources is uniform over the inside surfaces of the room elements; the long-wave radiative and the convective heat transfers at the internal surface of each component are treated separately; the angular dependence of solar transmission properties of glazing is accounted for based on manufacturers information, or alternatively a constant reduction factor of 0,9 has to be used; movable shading and external shading are taken into account according to prEN ISO 13790; the heat transfer through the ground floor (including floor-wall connections) shall be treated according to the dynamic calculation procedure given in prEN ISO 13370. NOTE This list is not necessarily exhaustive, depending on the building features and applications. 6 Data requirement 6.1 General For evaluating the energy needs of the building, the following information is required: the hourly climatic data of the location for a complete reference year; the descriptors of the building envelope components including thermal bridges (area and geometry, orientation, exposure, boundary conditions, thermophysical parameters, solar optical properties of windows systems and external shading according to prEN ISO 13790); the hourly profiles of the internal temperature set-point; the hourly profiles of the ventilation and infiltration rate;
EN 15265:2007 (E) 10 the hourly profile of the convective and radiative heat flows due to lighting, occupants, internal equipment and appliances; the characteristics of the thermal system (convective or radiative) and maximum heating and cooling capacity. 6.2 Climatic data For a location with a given latitude and longitude the following hourly climatic data are required: external air temperature; the intensity of solar radiation (direct normal and diffuse horizontal); the external radiant temperature (sky and surroundings); the ground albedo. NOTE External air moisture content and wind velocity are not directly needed here but might be required for evaluating the infiltration rate and the system behaviour. The climatic data set used for the validation tests in this European Standard is given in Annex A. 6.3 Surface heat transfer coefficients The following values shall be used: a) convective surface heat transfer coefficients: external surface
hc,e = 17,5 W/(m2⋅K); internal surface of no-heating or no-cooling component
hc,i = 2,5 W/(m2⋅K); internal surface of cooling or heating component: vertical:
hc,i = 2,5 W/(m2⋅K); horizontal (heat flow upwards)
hc,i = 5,0 W/(m2⋅K); horizontal (heat flow downwards)
hc,i = 0,7 W/(m2⋅K); b) long-wave radiative heat transfer coefficients (to sky and surroundings): internal surface
hlr,i = 5,5 W/(m2⋅K); external surface
hlr,e = 5,5 W/(m2⋅K). NOTE Given values are typical for high emissivity ε = 0,9 and Tm = 300 K. For low emissivity surfaces, guidance can be found in Annex A of prEN ISO 6946.
EN 15265:2007 (E) 11 6.4 Solar distribution Solar to air factor fsa The solar to air factor, fsa, is the fraction of the radiation entering through a glazing which is immediately delivered as a heat flow to the internal air. This fraction depends on the presence of internal elements with very low thermal capacity as carpets, furniture, etc. It is assumed to be time independent and it should be defined on a national basis: alternatively the value of fsa = 0,1 may be used. Solar loss factor flf The solar loss factor, flf, is the fraction of the solar radiation entering through a glazing which is reflected back outside. It depends on the geometrical characteristics and solar properties of the glazing system, the exposure of the window, the solar angles and the room geometry. It is assumed to be time independent. Values of flf should be defined on a national basis: alternatively the solar loss factor may be neglected (flf = 0). Solar distribution factor fdf The heat flow rate due to the solar radiation entering through a glazing is absorbed by the internal surface of each room element. According to the assumptions of Clause 5, the distribution of the solar radiation is time independent. The distribution factor is defined, for each surface, as the fraction of the solar shortwave radiation absorbed by that surface. For the purposes of this European Standard, the distribution factors shall be calculated using the expessions in Table 1 as a function the area of the envelope elements. Table 1 — Solar distribution factors fdf Floor Vertical walls Ceiling Window Af /At Awa /At Ac /At 0
Af
is the floor area; Awa is the sum of all vertical wall areas except windows; Ac
is the ceiling area; At
is the total area except window; At = Af + Awa + Ac. 6.5 Air ventilation and air infiltration 6.5.1 General External air in the form of infiltration and ventilation provides a special type of load which is imposed on the conditioned space or the system. Ventilation is supplied to meet air purity and odour standards, while infiltration arises from controlled or uncontrolled leakage around doors and windows or through walls. 6.5.2 Infiltration Infiltration is caused by a greater air pressure on the exterior of the building than on the interior. The quantity of the infiltrated air depends on the pressure difference; the number, the length and the width of the perimeter gaps of windows and doors; and the nature of the flow in the cracks or gaps.
EN 15265:2007 (E) 12 6.5.3 Ventilation Ventilation air is introduced for human occupancy. In air conditioning systems air ventilation may be provided directly from outside (external air ventilation) or by handling central air. For ventilation air directly from the outside the inlet temperature is equal to the external air temperature. For air treated in a central system the inlet temperature shall be fixed according to the characteristics of the system according to EN 15241 and EN 15242. 6.6 Internal load For calculation of the internal loads the input data should include the convective and radiative portion of heat flow from lighting, people, internal equipment. The convective portion of the energy emanating from the internal sources affects the air temperature immediately. The radiative portion affects the operative temperature after it has been absorbed by walls, floor and furniture and has warmed them to a temperature that is higher than the air temperature. This absorbed energy stored by the structure contributes to the space heating or cooling load after a time lag. 6.7 Internal design temperature The internal design temperature in general is represented by the air temperature as the system control maintains the internal air temperature within the limit imposed by the thermostat and the maximum load capacity of the system. For systems controls maintaining operative temperature, the internal design temperature shall be the operative temperature. 6.8 Heating and cooling system device 6.8.1 General The following heating and cooling systems are considered: convective device; surface device; both convective device and surface device. 6.8.2 Convective device Convective devices are emitting devices with negligible radiative effect (i.e. fan coil or air inlet). In this situation the room heating or cooling load is represented by the heating or cooling flow rate to be provided to or removed from the space for maintaining the prescribed internal conditions defined by the system control. If the heating or cooling is provided by an air mass flow rate am& at the prescribed inlet temperature θil, the room heating or cooling load is related to the air mass characteristics as follows: )(ia,ilacθθΦ−=pcm& (1) where am& is the air mass flow rate; cp is the specific heat capacity of the air; θil is the air inlet temperature of the convective device; θa,i is the room air temperature.
EN 15265:2007 (E) 13 6.8.3 Cooling or heating surface device With a cooling and/or heating surface device
the heat flow is provided to or removed from the space by the surface of the device by convection and radiation. In this case the heating or cooling load is the total heat flow rate to be provided or removed by the surface of the heated or cooled element (comprising heat exchange with adjacent internal and external environments and stored heat variation) in order to maintain the prescribed internal conditions. The room load, positive for heating and negative for cooling, is then given by: isr,ic,ilr,bLΦΦΦΦΦ+++= (2) where Φb is the heat flow rate backwards (it can be by conduction if the emitter is directly connected with the envelope, or by convection and long-wave radiation if the heating or cooling element is a suspended surface); Φlr,i is the heat flow rate by long-wave radiation; Φc,i is the heat flow rate by convection to the internal air; Φsr,i is the heat flow rate due to the short-wave radiation absorbed by the surface. 7 Report of the calculation 7.1 General The calculation report shall include the input data and the result of the calculation. 7.2 Input data For evaluating hourly energy requirements of the building with a room by room calculation, the following information is required: a) the hourly climatic data of the location over a complete reference year; b) the descriptors of the envelope elements (area, exposure, boundary conditions, thermophysical parameters, solar factor); c) the schedule of the internal temperature set-point (air or operative temperature); d) the hourly profile of the ventilation and infiltration rates; e) the scheduled values of the convective and radiative heat flows due to lighting, occupants, internal equipment, appliances; f) the characteristics of the thermal system (convective and/or radiative) and maximum heating and cooling capacity.
EN 15265:2007 (E) 14 7.3 Results of calculation The results of the calculation are: a) graphs of hourly values of the heating and cooling requirements for each room integrated monthly and yearly values; b) g
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