SIST EN 16124:2012
(Main)Founding - Low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron for elevated temperature applications
Founding - Low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron for elevated temperature applications
This European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons for elevated temperature applications.
These requirements are specified in terms of:
- chemical composition: as given for each of the grades;
- graphite form and metal structure: spheroidal graphite in a predominantly ferritic matrix;
- mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples.
This standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3).
Gießereiwesen - Niedriglegiertes ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit für Anwendungen bei höheren Temperaturen
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Sorten und die entsprechenden Anforderungen für niedriglegiertes ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit für die Anwendung bei höheren Temperaturen fest.
Diese Anforderungen sind festgelegt bezüglich der:
- chemischen Zusammensetzung: wie für jede Sorte angegeben;
- Graphitform und Gefügestruktur: Kugelgraphit in einer überwiegend ferritischen Matrix;
- mechanischen Eigenschaften, die an bearbeiteten Probestäben ermittelt wurden, die aus gegossenen Proben entnommen wurden.
Diese Norm enthält keine Technischen Lieferbedingungen für Gussstücke aus Gusseisen (siehe EN 1559 1 und EN 1559 3).
Fonderie - Fontes ferritiques à graphite sphéroïdal faiblement alliées pour applications à haute température
La présente Norme européenne définit les nuances et les exigences correspondantes relatives aux fontes ferritiques à graphite sphéroïdal faiblement alliées, pour applications à haute température.
Ces exigences sont spécifiées en termes de :
- composition chimique : telle que donnée pour chaque nuance ;
- forme du graphite et structure du métal : graphite sphéroïdal dans une matrice à prédominance ferritique ;
- propriétés mécaniques mesurées sur des éprouvettes usinées, préparées à partir d’échantillons coulés.
La présente norme ne couvre pas les conditions techniques de fourniture des fontes (voir l’EN 1559-1 et l’EN 1559-3).
Livarstvo - Malolegirana nodularna litina za uporabo pri povišanih temperaturah
Ta evropski standard določa razrede in ustrezne zahteve za malolegirane nodularne litine za uporabo pri povišanih temperaturah.
Te zahteve se določijo na podlagi:
– kemijske sestave: kakor je določena za vsak razred;
– oblike grafita in strukture kovine: kroglasti grafit v pretežno feritni matriki;
– mehanskih lastnosti, izmerjenih na strojno obdelanih preskusnih kosih iz litih vzorcev.
Ta standard ne zajema tehničnih dobavnih pogojev za železne odlitke (glejte standarda EN 1559-1 in EN 1559-3).
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Livarstvo - Malolegirana nodularna litina za uporabo pri povišanih temperaturahGießereiwesen - Niedriglegiertes ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit für Anwendungen bei höheren TemperaturenFonderie - Fontes ferritiques à graphite sphéroïdal faiblement alliées pour applications à haute températureFounding - Low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron for elevated temperature applications77.140.80Železni in jekleni ulitkiIron and steel castingsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16124:2011SIST EN 16124:2012en,fr,de01-februar-2012SIST EN 16124:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 16124:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16124
November 2011 ICS 77.080.10 English Version
Founding - Low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons for elevated temperature applications
Fonderie - Fontes ferritiques à graphite sphéroïdal faiblement alliées pour applications à haute température
Gießereiwesen - Niedriglegiertes ferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit für Anwendungen bei höheren TemperaturenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 October 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16124:2011: ESIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .41 Scope .52 Normative references .53 Terms and definitions .54 Designation .65 Order information .66 Manufacture .67 Requirements .77.1 Chemical composition .77.2 Microstructure .77.3 Mechanical properties .88 Sampling .98.1 General .98.2 Cast samples for tensile testing .98.3 Samples cut from a casting . 119 Test methods . 159.1 Chemical analysis . 159.2 Micrographic examination . 159.3 Tensile test . 159.4 Hardness test . 169.5 Specific test . 1610 Retests . 1710.1 Need for retests. 1710.2 Test validity . 1710.3 Non-conforming test results . 1710.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings . 1711 Inspection documentation . 17Annex A (informative)
Guidance values of mechanical properties for 3 special grades . 18Annex B (informative)
Properties of low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons at elevated temperatures . 19Annex C (informative)
Additional information on general mechanical and physical properties . 33Annex D (informative)
Heat treatment
........................................................................................................... 34Annex E (informative)
Nodularity . 35Annex F (normative)
Sectioning procedure for cast samples . 36Bibliography . 37 SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16124:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 7 "Spheroidal graphite, silicon molybdenum and austempered ductile iron" to prepare EN 16124. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard classifies low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons, principally used for their heat and oxidation resistance properties. NOTE Ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons alloyed with silicon and molybdenum is also known as SiMo cast irons. Due to the ferritic structure and the silicon and molybdenum content, these cast irons allow producing castings which are resistant to distortion and oxidation at high temperatures. Nine grades of low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron are defined by their silicon and molybdenum content. Typical applications for the first three grades are medium to heavy castings like turbine housings and compressor parts. The other six grades are mainly applied for exhaust manifolds and turbocharger parts in automotive applications. The mechanical properties of the material can be evaluated on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples or samples cut from a casting. Additional information on technical properties for low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron is given in Annex B and Annex C.
SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons for elevated temperature applications. These requirements are specified in terms of chemical composition: as given for each of the grades, graphite form and matrix structure: spheroidal graphite in a predominantly ferritic matrix, mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. This European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings, see EN 1559-1 [1] and EN 1559-3 [2]. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents EN ISO 945-1:2008, Microstructure of cast irons — Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1:2008) EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1) EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892-1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron cast iron material with carbon mainly present in the form of spheroidal graphite particles, alloyed with silicon in order to produce a predominantly ferritic matrix and alloyed with molybdenum to improve mechanical properties at elevated temperatures 3.2 graphite spheroidizing treatment
operation that brings the liquid iron into contact with a substance to produce graphite in the predominantly spheroidal (nodular) form during solidification NOTE This operation is often followed by a second one called inoculation. 3.3 cast sample quantity of material cast to represent the cast material, including separately cast sample, side by side cast sample and cast-on sample 3.4 separately cast sample
sample cast in a separate sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material grade SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 6 3.5 side-by-side cast sample
sample cast in the mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system 3.6 cast-on sample
sample attached directly to the casting
3.7 relevant wall thickness
wall thickness representative of the casting, defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to which the mechanical properties apply 4 Designation The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in Table 1. NOTE The designation system is in accordance with EN 1560 [3]. In the case of samples cut from the casting, the letter C is added at the end of the designation by symbol. 5 Order information The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: a) the number of this European Standard; b) the designation of the material; c) the relevant wall thickness of the casting; d) any special requirements. All requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order, e.g. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3. 6 Manufacture Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the method of manufacture of low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons and any heat treatment required to obtain the specified mechanical properties and microstructure shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall ensure that the requirements defined in this European Standard are met for the material grade specified in the order. All agreements between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be made by the time of acceptance of the order. SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 7 7 Requirements 7.1 Chemical composition The silicon and molybdenum content of low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades shall be in accordance with Table 1.
Unless otherwise agreed, the content of other elements shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer. If the presence of any element specified in Table 1 is required to be outside the limits indicated, or if any other alloying elements are required, their contents shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser and specified in the order. Table 1 — Chemical composition Material designation Silicon % (mass fraction) Molybdenum % (mass fraction) Symbol Number EN-GJS-SiMo25-5 5.3111 2,3 to 2,7 0,4 to 0,6 EN-GJS-SiMo30-7 5.3112 2,8 to 3,2 0,6 to 0,8 EN-GJS-SiMo35-5 5.3113 3,3 to 3,7 0,4 to 0,6 EN-GJS-SiMo40-6 5.3114 3,8 to 4,2 0,5 to 0,7 EN-GJS-SiMo40-10 5.3115 0,8 to 1,1 EN-GJS-SiMo45-6 5.3116 4,3 to 4,7 0,5 to 0,7 EN-GJS-SiMo45-10 5.3117 0,8 to 1,1 EN-GJS-SiMo50-6 5.3118 4,8 to 5,2 0,5 to 0,7 EN-GJS-SiMo50-10 5.3119 0,8 to 1,1
7.2 Microstructure 7.2.1 Graphite structure The graphite structure shall be mainly of form V and Vl in accordance with EN ISO 945-1. A more precise definition may be agreed upon by the time of acceptance of the order. NOTE Annex E gives more information on nodularity. 7.2.2 Matrix structure The matrix structure shall consist of minimum 85 % ferrite, the balance consisting of pearlite and carbides.
Carbides can be present to a maximum of 5 %.
Other limits may be agreed upon by the time of acceptance of the order. SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 8 7.3 Mechanical properties 7.3.1 Tensile properties The mechanical properties of the grades of cast irons obtained from cast samples with a thickness equal or less than 30 mm shall be in accordance with Table 2.
Other requirements, such as the mechanical properties to be met on samples with a thickness > 30 mm or at specified locations on the castings, shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser and specified in the order. If applicable, the position of the cast-on sample or the specified location on the casting shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser and specified in the order. NOTE Tensile testing requires sound test pieces in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test. 7.3.2 Hardness Guidance values for the Brinell hardness range of the material grades are given in Table 2 and are applicable to the casting. Table 2 — Mechanical properties measured at ambient temperature on test pieces machined from cast samples of low-alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons Material designation 0,2 % proof strength Tensile strength Elongation Brinell
hardness range a Rp0,2 Rm A Symbol Number MPa MPa % HBW min. min. min. EN-GJS-SiMo25-5 5.3111 Guidance values are given in Annex A EN-GJS-SiMo30-7 5.3112 EN-GJS-SiMo35-5 5.3113 EN-GJS-SiMo40-6 5.3114 380 480 8 190 to 240 EN-GJS-SiMo40-10 5.3115 400 510 6 190 to 240 EN-GJS-SiMo45-6 5.3116 420 520 7 200 to 250 EN-GJS-SiMo45-10 5.3117 460 550 5 200 to 250 EN-GJS-SiMo50-6 5.3118 480 580 4 210 to 260 EN-GJS-SiMo50-10 5.3119 500 600 3 210 to 260 a Values for information, measured on the casting.
SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 9 8 Sampling 8.1 General Samples shall be made from the same material as that used to produce the casting(s) which they represent. Several types of samples (separately cast samples, cast-on samples, side-by-side cast samples, samples cut from a casting) can be used, depending on the mass and wall thickness of the casting. When relevant, the type of sample should be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Unless otherwise agreed the choice of the option is left to the discretion of the manufacturer. When the mass of the casting exceeds 2 000 kg and its thickness exceeds 60 mm, cast-on samples should preferably be used; the dimensions and the location of the cast-on sample shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. If the spheroidizing treatment is carried out in the mould (in-mould process), the separately cast sample should be avoided. All samples shall be adequately marked to guarantee full traceability to the castings which they represent. The samples shall be subject to the same heat treatment, as that of the castings they represent, if any. Tensile test pieces shall be finally machined from the samples after the heat treatment. The samples for chemical analysis shall be cast in a manner which ensures that the accurate chemical composition can be determined. Due to post inoculation treatments, slight differences regarding the silicon content may be admitted.
8.2 Cast samples for tensile testing 8.2.1 Size of cast samples The size of the sample shall be in correspondence with the relevant wall thickness of the casting as shown in Table 3. If other sizes are used, this shall be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser. Table 3 — Types and size of cast sample and size of tensile test pieces in relation to relevant wall thickness of the casting Relevant wall thickness
t mm Type of sample Preferred diameter of tensile test piece a d mm Option 1 U-shaped (see Figure 1) Option 2 Y-shaped (see Figure 2) Option 3 round bar (see Figure 3) Cast-on sample (see Figure 4) t ≤ 12,5 — I Types b, c A 7 (Option 3: 14 mm) 12,5 < t ≤ 30 — II Types a, b, c B 14 30 < t ≤ 60 b III — C 14 60 < t ≤ 200 — IV — D 14 a Other diameters, in accordance with Figure 5, may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. b The cooling rate of this cast sample corresponds to that of a 40 mm thick wall.
SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 10 8.2.2 Frequency and number of tests Samples, representative of the material, shall be produced at a frequency in accordance with the process quality assurance procedure adopted by the manufacturer or as agreed with the purchaser. In the absence of either a process quality assurance procedure or any agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, a minimum of one cast sample for the tensile test shall be produced to confirm the material grade, at a frequency to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 8.2.3 Separately cast samples The samples shall be cast separately in sand moulds and under representative manufacturing conditions. The moulds used to cast the separately cast samples shall have comparable thermal behaviour to the moulding material used to cast the castings. The samples shall meet the requirements of either Figures 1, 2 or 3. The samples shall be removed from the mould at a temperature similar to that of the castings. 8.2.4 Side-by-side cast samples Side-by-side cast samples are representative of the castings concurrently cast and also of all other castings of a similar relevant wall thickness from the same test unit. When mechanical properties are required for a series of castings belonging to the same test unit, the side-by-side cast sample(s) shall be produced in the last mould(s) poured. The samples shall meet the requirements of either Figures 1, 2 or 3. 8.2.5 Cast-on samples Cast-on samples are representative of the castings to which they are attached and also of all other castings of a similar relevant wall thickness from the same test unit. When mechanical properties are required for a series of castings belonging to the same test unit, the cast-on sample(s) shall be produced in the last mould(s) poured. The sample shall have a general shape as indicated in Figure 4 and the dimensions shown therein.
The location of the cast-on sample shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order, taking into account the shape of the casting and the running system, in order to avoid any unfavourable effect on the properties of the adjacent material. 8.2.6 Test pieces machined from cast samples The tensile test piece shown in Figure 5 shall be machined from a sample shown in Figure 3 or from the hatched part of Figures 1, 2 or 4. The sectioning procedure for cast samples according to Figure 2 and 4 shall be in accordance with Annex F. Unless otherwise agreed, the preferred diameter for the test piece shall be used. SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 11 8.3 Samples cut from a casting In addition to the requirements of the material, the manufacturer and the purchaser may agree on the properties required at stated locations in the casting. These properties shall be determined by testing test pieces machined from samples cut from the casting at these stated locations. The manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on the dimensions of these test pieces. In the absence of any directions by the purchaser, the manufacturer may choose the locations from which to cut the samples and the dimensions of the test pieces. The centreline of the test piece should be located at a point half way between the surface and the centre.
NOTE 1 When the zone of last solidification in the casting is included in the test piece diameter, the minimum elongation value may not be obtained. NOTE 2 In the case of large individual castings trepanned samples may be taken at agreed positions in the casting which are to be stated.
Dimensions in millimetres
The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least 40 mm. Key a For information only. b The length z shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample. Figure 1 — Separately cast or side-by-side cast sample — Option 1: U-shaped sample
SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 12
Dimensions in millimetres Dimension Type I II III lV u 12,5 25 50 75 v 40 55 100 125 x 25 40 50 65 y a 135 140 150 175 z b A function of the test piece length a For information only. b The length z shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least: 40 mm for types I and II; 80 mm for types III and IV. Figure 2 — Separately cast or side by side cast samples — Option 2: Y-shaped sample
SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 13
Type a
Type b
Type c Dimensions in millimetres Type A B D H Hb Lf Ln Lt W a 4,5 5,5 25 50 — Lt + 20 Lt – 50 a 100 b 4,5 5,5 25 50 — Lt + 20 Lt – 50 50 c 4,0 5,0 25 35 15 Lt + 20 Lt – 50 50 a Lt
shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least 40 mm. Figure 3 — Separately cast or side by side cast samples — Option 3: round bar-shaped sample
SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 14
Dimensions in millimetres Type Relevant wall thickness of castings t a b c h Lt max min A t ≤ 12,5 15 11 7,5 20 to 30 a B 12,5 < t ≤ 30 25 19 12,5 30 to 40 C 30 < t ≤ 60 40 30 20 40 to 65 D 60 < t ≤ 100 70 52,5 35 65 to 105 a Lt shall be chosen to allow a test piece of a dimension shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample. Key 1 casting The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least: 40 mm for types A and B; 80 mm for types C and D. If smaller dimensions are agreed, the followings relationships apply: ab×=75,0 ac×=5,0 Figure 4 — Cast-on samples SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 15 9 Test methods 9.1 Chemical analysis The methods used to determine the chemical composition of the material shall be in accordance with validated procedures. Any requirement for traceability shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. The chemical analysis shall be carried out on a test sample made from the same melt as the castings the sample represents. NOTE Optical emission spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence techniques are acceptable methods of analysis. 9.2 Micrographic examination Graphite and matrix structure shall be confirmed by metallographic examination.
Non-destructive methods can also give information regarding the graphite structure.
In case of dispute, the results of the microscopic examination shall prevail.
9.3 Tensile test The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with EN ISO 6892-1. The preferred test piece diameter is 14 mm but, either for technical reasons or for test pieces machined from samples cut from the casting, it is permitted to use a test piece of different diameter (see Figure 5). In all cases, the original gauge length of the test piece shall conform to Equation (1): dSLoo×=×=565,5 (1) where
Lo is the original gauge length;
So is the original cross-section area of the test piece;
d is the diameter of the test piece along the gauge length. If Equation (1) for Lo is not applicable, then an agreement shall be made between the manufacturer and the purchaser on the dimensions of the test piece to be made. A test piece with a different gauge length may be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 16
Dimensions in millimetres d Lo Lc min.
5
25
30
7
35
42
10
50
60
14 a
70
84
20
100
120 a Preferred dimension for 25 mm cast sample diameter where
Lo is the original gauge length, i.e. Lo = 5 × d;
d is the diameter of the test piece along the gauge length;
Lc is the parallel length; Lc > Lo (in principle, Lc – Lo ≥ d);
Lt is the total length of the test piece, which depends on Lc;
r is the transition radius, which shall be at least 4 mm. NOTE The method of gripping the ends of the test pieces, together with their length lt, may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Figure 5 — Tensile test piece 9.4 Hardness test The hardness shall be determined as Brinell hardness in accordance with EN ISO 6506-1. Alternative hardness tests and the corresponding required hardness values may also be agreed. The test shall be carried out on the test pieces or at one or several points on the castings after preparation of the testing area in accordance with the agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. If the measurement locations are not the subject of an agreement, they shall be chosen by the manufacturer. If it is not possible to carry out the hardness test on the casting, then by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, the hardness test may be carried out on a knob cast-on to the casting. 9.5 Specific test If specific tests e.g. behaviour at elevated temperature are required this has to be agreed upon by the time of acceptance of the order. SIST EN 16124:2012
EN 16124:2011 (E) 17 10 Retests 10.1 Need for retests Retests shall be carried out if a test is not valid. Retests are permitted to be carried out if a test result does not meet the mechanical property requirements for the specified grade. 10.2 Test validity A test is not valid if there is a) a faulty mounting of the test piece or defective operation of the test machine, b) a defective test piece because of incorrect pouring or incorrect machining, c) a fracture of the tensile test piece outside the gauge length, d) a casting defect in the test piece, evident after fracture. In the above cases, a new test piece shall be taken from the same cast sample or from a duplicate sample cast at the same time to replace those invalid test results. 10.3 Non-conforming test results If any test gives results which do not conform to the specified requirements, for reasons other than those given in 10.2, the manufacturer shall have the option to conduct retests.
If the manufacturer conducts retests, two retests shall be carried out for each failed test. If both retests give results that meet the specified requirements, the material shall be deemed to conform to this European Standard. If one or both retests give results that fail to meet the specified requirements, th
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