SIST-TS CEN/TS 15862:2013

Characterization of waste - Compliance leaching test - One stage batch leaching test for monoliths at fixed liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) for test portions with fixed minimum dimensions

This Technical Specification specifies a compliance test for routine testing providing information on the leaching of monolithic waste which can be obtained under the experimental conditions specified hereafter with a single batch leaching test at a specified liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) of 12 (cm3*cm-2). It applies to test portion of monolithic waste of regular shape, with a minimum dimension of 40 mm in all directions, obtained e.g. by cutting, coring or moulding. This document is not applicable if the surface area of the test portion cannot be determined by simple geometrical means. This document has been developed to determine the release of mainly inorganic constituents from wastes. It does not take into account the particular characteristics of organic constituents nor the consequences of microbiological processes in organic degradable wastes. The test procedure specified in this document produces an eluate which subsequently need to be characterized physically and chemically, according to appropriate standard methods. NOTE 1 If, in order to comply with the requirement of regular shape, the test portion is prepared by cutting or coring, then new surfaces are exposed which can lead to change(s) in leaching properties. NOTE 2 This procedure may not be applicable to materials reacting with the leachant, leading for example to excessive gas emission or an excessive heat release. This leaching test does not provide information by itself on dynamic leaching behaviour, as specified in EN 12920. It does not give information on equilibrium conditions. For specific situations or basic characterization, other tests are available in the toolbox of CEN/TC 292 "Characterization of waste". This document does not address issues related to health and safety.

Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Auslaugung zur Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung - Einstufiges Schüttelverfahren für monolithische Abfälle bei festgelegtem Flüssigkeit/Oberfläche-Verhältnis (L/A) für Prüfproben mit festgelegten Mindestabmessungen

Diese Technische Spezifikation legt eine Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung für regelmäßige Untersuchungen fest, die Angaben zur Auslaugung monolithischer Abfälle bereitstellt, die unter den nachstehend festgelegten Versuchsbedingungen mit einem einstufigen Schüttelverfahren bei festgelegtem Flüssigkeit/Oberfläche-Verhältnis (L/A) von 12 (cm3cm2) erhalten werden können. Die Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung gilt für eine Prüfmenge des monolithischen Abfalls mit regelmäßiger Form und einem Mindestmaß von 40 mm in alle Richtungen, die z. B. durch Schneiden, Bohren oder Formpressen erhalten wird.
Wenn die Oberfläche der Prüfmenge nicht mit einfachen geometrischen Mitteln zu bestimmen ist, ist dieses Dokument nicht anwendbar.
Dieses Dokument wurde entwickelt, um vor allem die Freisetzung anorganischer Bestandteile aus Abfällen zu bestimmen. Sie berücksichtigt nicht die besonderen Eigenschaften der organischen Bestandteile und auch nicht die Folgen der mikrobiologischen Prozesse in den organisch abbaubaren Abfällen.
Das in diesem Dokument festgelegte Untersuchungsverfahren ergibt ein Eluat, das entsprechend den geeigneten Standardverfahren anschließend physikalisch und chemisch beschrieben wird.
ANMERKUNG 1   Wenn die Prüfmenge durch Schneiden oder Bohren vorbereitet wurde, um die Anforderung nach einer regelmäßigen Form zu erfüllen, dann werden neue Oberflächen freigelegt, was zu (einer) Änderung(en) der Auslaugungseigenschaften führen könnte.
ANMERKUNG 2   Dieses Verfahren darf nicht bei Stoffen angewendet werden, die mit dem Auslaugungsmittel reagieren, was z. B. zu einer exzessiven Gasemission oder zu einer übermäßigen Wärmeabgabe führt.
Diese Auslaugungsuntersuchung liefert an sich keine Angaben über das dynamische Auslaugungsverhalten, wie es in EN 12920 festgelegt ist. Diese Untersuchung gibt keine Angaben zu Gleichgewichtsbedingungen. Für spezifische Situationen oder die grundlegende Charakterisierung sind andere Untersuchungen in der Toolbox des CEN/TC 292 „Charakterisierung von Abfällen“ verfügbar.
Dieses Dokument behandelt nicht die Belange des Gesundheits  und Arbeitsschutzes.

Caractérisation des déchets - Essai de lixiviation de conformité - Essai de lixiviation en bâchée unique pour des monolithes avec un rapport liquide/ surface (L/A) fixe, pour des prises d'essai de dimensions minimales fixes

La présente Spécification technique définit un essai de conformité pour les essais de routine, fournissant des
informations sur la lixiviation des déchets monolithiques pouvant être obtenues dans les conditions expérimentales
définies ci-après à l’aide d’un essai de lixiviation en bâchée unique à un rapport liquide/surface (L/A) spécifié de
12 (cm3⋅cm-2). Cet essai s’applique à une prise d’essai de déchet monolithique de forme régulière, avec une
dimension minimale de 40 mm dans toutes les directions, obtenue par coupe, carottage ou moulage.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas si la surface de la prise d’essai ne peut être déterminée par des formules
géométriques simples.
Le présent document a été élaboré pour déterminer le relargage des constituants principalement inorganiques issus
des déchets. Il ne prend pas en compte les caractéristiques particulières des constituants organiques, ni les
conséquences des processus microbiologiques dans les déchets organiques dégradables.
Le mode opératoire d’essai spécifié dans le présent document produit un éluat qu’il est nécessaire de caractériser
physiquement et chimiquement par la suite, conformément aux méthodes normalisées correspondantes.
NOTE 1 Si, en vue de la conformité à l’exigence d’une forme régulière, la prise d’essai est préparée par coupe ou carottage,
alors de nouvelles surfaces sont exposées et elles peuvent entraîner une ou plusieurs modifications des propriétés de lixiviation.
NOTE 2 Il est possible que ce mode opératoire ne soit pas applicable aux matériaux réagissant au lixiviant, entraînant par
exemple une émission de gaz excessive ou un dégagement calorifique excessif.
Le présent essai de lixiviation ne fournit aucune information en soi concernant le comportement de lixiviation
dynamique tel que spécifié dans l’EN 12920. Il ne fournit pas d’informations sur les conditions d’équilibre. Pour des
situations spécifiques ou pour la caractérisation de base, d’autres essais sont disponibles dans la boîte à outils du
CEN/TC 292 « Caractérisation des déchets ».
Le présent document n’aborde pas les thèmes de la santé ni de la sécurité.

Karakterizacija odpadkov - Preskus skladnosti izluževanja - Enostopenjski šaržni preskus za monolitne odpadke pri določenem razmerju med prostornino tekočine in površino odpadka (L/A) za preskusne vzorce z določenimi najmanjšimi merami

Ta tehnična specifikacija določa preskus skladnosti za izvajanje rutinskih preskusov, ki zagotavljajo informacije o luženju monolitnih odpadkov, ki se lahko pridobijo pod preskusnimi pogoji, določenimi v nadaljevanju, z enostopenjskim šaržnim preskusom pri določenem razmerju med prostornino tekočine in površino odpadka (L/A), ki je 12 (cm3*cm-2). Uporablja se za preskusne vzorce monolitnih odpadkov pravilne oblike, z najmanjšimi merami 40 mm v vse smeri, ki se pridobijo z rezanjem, vrtanjem ali oblikovanjem. Ta dokument se ne uporablja, če površine preskusnega vzorca ni mogoče določiti s preprostimi geometrijskimi načini. Ta dokument je bil pripravljen za ugotavljanje izpusta pretežno neorganskih sestavin iz odpadkov. Ne upošteva posebnih značilnosti organskih sestavin in posledic mikrobioloških procesov v organskih razgradljivih odpadkih. Iz postopka preskusa v tem dokumentu se pridobi izlužek, ki ga je treba v skladu z ustreznimi standardnimi metodami naknadno fizično in kemično karakterizirati. OPOMBA 1 Če se preskusni vzorec zaradi izpolnjevanja zahteve po pravilni obliki pripravi z rezanjem ali vrtanjem, se izpostavijo nove površine, pri čemer se lahko lastnosti izluževanja spremenijo. OPOMBA 2 Ta postopek se ne sme uporabljati za materiale, ki reagirajo z izluževalnim medijem, ker lahko nastanejo prekomerni izpusti plina ali prekomerno sproščanje toplote. Ta preskus izluževanja sam ne podaja informacij o dinamičnem obnašanju luženja, kot je opredeljeno v standardu EN 12920. Ne vsebuje informacij o pogojih uravnoteženosti. Za posebne primere ali osnovno karakterizacijo so v okviru zbirke orodij odbora CEN/TC 292 »Karakterizacija odpadkov« na voljo drugi preskusi. Ta dokument ne obravnava vprašanj v zvezi z zdravjem in varnostjo.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 09-Feb-2009
• Publication Date: 20-Dec-2012
• ICS: 13.030.10 - Solid wastes
• Technical Committee: KAT - Soil quality
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 20-Nov-2012
• Due Date: 25-Jan-2013
• Completion Date: 21-Dec-2012
• Mandate: M/326 - Standardization mandate to CEN for the development of standardized methods for the characterization of waste
• Ref Project: CEN/TS 15862:2012 - Characterisation of waste - Compliance leaching test - One stage batch leaching test for monoliths at fixed liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) for test portions with fixed minimum dimensions

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15862:2013
01-januar-2013
.DUDNWHUL]DFLMDRGSDGNRY3UHVNXVVNODGQRVWLL]OXåHYDQMD(QRVWRSHQMVNLãDUåQL
SUHVNXV]DPRQROLWQHRGSDGNHSULGRORþHQHPUD]PHUMXPHGSURVWRUQLQRWHNRþLQH
LQSRYUãLQRRGSDGND/$]DSUHVNXVQHY]RUFH]GRORþHQLPLQDMPDQMãLPLPHUDPL
Characterization of waste - Compliance leaching test - One stage batch leaching test for
monoliths at fixed liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) for test portions with fixed minimum
dimensions
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Auslaugung zur Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung -
Einstufiges Schüttelverfahren für monolithische Abfälle bei festgelegtem
Flüssigkeit/Oberfläche-Verhältnis (L/A) für Prüfproben mit festgelegten
Mindestabmessungen
Caractérisation des déchets - Essai de lixiviation de conformité - Essai de lixiviation en
bâchée unique pour des monolithes avec un rapport liquide/ surface (L/A) fixe, pour des
prises d'essai de dimensions minimales fixes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 15862:2012
ICS:
13.030.10 Trdni odpadki Solid wastes
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15862:2013 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 15862:2013

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 15862:2013


TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 15862

SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
July 2012
ICS 13.030.10
English Version
Characterisation of waste - Compliance leaching test - One
stage batch leaching test for monoliths at fixed liquid to surface
area ratio (L/A) for test portions with fixed minimum dimensions
Caractérisation des déchets - Essai de lixiviation de Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Auslaugung zur
conformité - Essai de lixiviation en bâchée unique pour des Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung - Einstufiges
monolithes avec un rapport liquide/surface (L/A) fixe, pour Auslaugungsverfahren für monolithische Abfälle bei
des prises d'essai de dimensions minimales fixes festgelegtem Flüssigkeit/Oberfläche-Verhältnis (L/A) für
Prüfmengen mit festgelegten Mindestabmessungen
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 6 December 2010 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 15862:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Principle .7
5 Reagents .7
6 Equipment .7
6.1 General .7
6.2 Laboratory equipment .7
7 Sample preparation .9
7.1 Laboratory sample .9
7.2 Test portion .9
7.2.1 Preparation of the test portion: .9
7.2.2 Influence of curing time and ageing of the test portion .9
7.2.3 Storage conditions of the test portion. 10
8 Procedure . 10
8.1 Testing conditions . 10
8.2 Description of the single batch leaching test . 10
8.2.1 Preparation . 10
8.2.2 Leaching procedure . 10
8.3 Further preparation of the eluate for analysis . 11
8.4 Blank test for the verification of the leaching procedure . 11
9 Calculations and expression of results . 11
10 Documentation and test report . 12
10.1 General . 12
10.2 General data . 12
10.3 Sample preparation . 12
10.4 Production of the eluate . 12
10.5 Analytical procedure . 13
10.6 Blank test information . 13
10.7 Results of the leaching test . 13
11 Test performance . 13
Annex A (informative) Example of data sheet showing the reporting of key elements mentioned in
CEN/TS 15862 . 14
A.1 Laboratory sample . 14
A.2 Test portion . 14
A.3 Leaching test . 14
A.4 Blank test . 14
A.5 Results of the leaching test . 15
Annex B (informative) Examples of data about the L/A ratio. 16
Annex C (informative) Examples of factors influencing the leaching release of monolithic waste . 17
Annex D (informative) Process map for CEN/TS 15862. 19
Bibliography . 21

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Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 15862:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 292
“Characterization of waste”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been developed primarily to support the requirements for compliance testing within the EU
and EFTA countries.
This document was elaborated on the basis of:
 NF X 31-211:2000;
 NEN 7345:1995;
 ÖNORM S 2116-4.
This document specifies compliance tests. For basic characterization a methodology for the determination of
the leaching behaviour of waste has been developed and formulated in EN 12920.
Anyone dealing with waste and sludge analysis should be aware of the typical risks of that kind of material
irrespective of the parameter to be determined. Waste and sludge samples can contain hazardous (e.g. toxic,
reactive, flammable, infectious) substances, which can be liable to biological and/or chemical reaction.
Consequently these samples should be handled with special care. Gases which can be produced by
microbiological or chemical activity are potentially flammable and will pressurise sealed bottles. Bursting
bottles are likely to result in hazardous shrapnel, dust and/or aerosol. National regulations should be followed
with respect to all hazards associated with this method.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.



3

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Introduction
In the different European countries, tests have been developed to characterize and assess the constituents
which can be leached from waste materials. The release of soluble constituents upon contact with water is
regarded as a main mechanism of release which results in a potential risk to the environment during the
disposal of waste materials. The intent of these tests is to identify the leaching properties of waste materials.
The complexity of the leaching process makes simplifications necessary. Not all of the relevant aspects of
leaching behaviour can be addressed in one standard.
Procedure to characterize the behaviour of waste materials can generally be divided into three steps, using
1
different tests in relation to the objective. The following test hierarchy is taken from the Landfill Directive and
2
the Decision on Annex II of this Directive for disposal of waste.
a) Basic characterization constitutes a full characterization of the waste by gathering all the necessary
information for a safe management of the waste in the short and long term. Basic characterization may
provide information on the waste (type and origin, composition, consistency, leachability, etc.),
information for understanding the behaviour of waste in the considered management scenario,
comparison of waste properties against limit values, and detection of key variables (critical parameters as
liquid/solid (L/S) ratios, leachant composition, factors controlling leachability such as pH, redox potential,
complexing capacity and physical parameters) for compliance testing and options for simplification of
compliance testing. Characterization may deliver ratios between test results from basic characterization
and results from simplified test procedures as well as information on a suitable frequency for compliance
testing. In addition to the leaching behaviour, the composition of the waste should be known or
determined by testing. The tests used for basic characterization should always include those to be used
for compliance testing.
b) Compliance testing is used to demonstrate that the sample of today fits the population of samples tested
before by basic characterization and through that, is used to carry out compliance with regulatory limit
values. The compliance test should therefore always be part of the basic characterization program. The
compliance test focuses on key variables and leaching behaviour identified by basic characterization tests.
Parts of basic characterization tests can also be used for compliance purposes.
c) On-site verification tests are used as a rapid check to confirm that the waste is the same as that which
has been subjected to characterization or compliance tests. On-site verification tests are not necessarily
leaching tests.
The procedure described in this document is a compliance leaching test and falls in category b).


1
Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste.
2
Council Decision 2003/33/EC of 19 December 2002.
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1 Scope
This Technical Specification specifies a compliance test for routine testing providing information on the
leaching of monolithic waste which can be obtained under the experimental conditions specified hereafter with
3 -2
a single batch leaching test at a specified liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) of 12 (cm ⋅cm ). It applies to test
portion of monolithic waste of regular shape, with a minimum dimension of 40 mm in all directions, obtained
e.g. by cutting, coring or moulding.
This document is not applicable if the surface area of the test portion cannot be determined by simple
geometrical means.
This document has been developed to determine the release of mainly inorganic constituents from wastes. It
does not take into account the particular characteristics of organic constituents nor the consequences of
microbiological processes in organic degradable wastes.
The test procedure specified in this document produces an eluate which subsequently need to be
characterized physically and chemically, according to appropriate standard methods.
NOTE 1 If, in order to comply with the requirement of regular shape, the test portion is prepared by cutting or coring,
then new surfaces are exposed which can lead to change(s) in leaching properties.
NOTE 2 This procedure may not be applicable to materials reacting with the leachant, leading for example to excessive
gas emission or an excessive heat release.
This leaching test does not provide information by itself on dynamic leaching behaviour, as specified in
EN 12920. It does not give information on equilibrium conditions. For specific situations or basic
characterization, other tests are available in the toolbox of CEN/TC 292 "Characterization of waste".
This document does not address issues related to health and safety.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14346, Characterisation of waste  Calculation of dry matter by determination of dry residue or water
content
EN 15002, Characterisation of waste  Preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample
EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use  Specification and test methods (ISO 3696)
EN ISO 5667-3, Water quality  Sampling  Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water
samples (ISO 5667-3)
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
eluate
solution obtained from a leaching test
[SOURCE: EN 12457-1:2002, 3.1]
3.2
laboratory sample
sample or sub-sample(s) sent to or received by the laboratory
[SOURCE: IUPAC:1997, 3.2]
Note 1 to entry: When the laboratory sample is further prepared (reduced) by subdividing, mixing, grinding or by
combinations of these operations, the result is the test sample. When no preparation of the laboratory sample is required,
the laboratory sample is the test sample. A test portion is removed from the test sample for the performance of the test or
for analysis. The laboratory sample is the final sample from the point of view of sample collection but it is the initial sample
from the point of view of the laboratory.
Note 2 to entry: Several laboratory samples may be prepared and sent to different laboratories or to the same
laboratory for different purposes. When sent to the same laboratory, the set is generally considered as a single laboratory
sample and is documented as a single sample.
3.3
leachant
liquid that is brought into contact with the test portion in the leaching procedure
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document the leachant is water as specified in 5.1.
3.4
leaching test
test during which a material is put into contact with a leachant and some constituents of the material are
extracted
[SOURCE: EN 12457-1:2002, 3.4]
3.5
liquid volume to surface area ratio
L/A
ratio between the amount of liquid (L), which, at any time of the test, is in contact with the waste, and the
surface area of the test portion (A)
-2
Note 1 to entry: L/A is expressed in ml⋅cm .
3.6
monolithic waste
waste which has certain minimum dimensions and physical and mechanical properties that ensure its integrity
over a certain period of time in the considered scenario (see EN 12457-1:2002)
3.7
release
emission of constituents from waste which pass through the external surface of a waste mass as specified in
the considered scenario
[SOURCE: EN 12920:2006, 3.7]
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3.8
single batch leaching test
leaching test in which a fixed amount of material is leached in one step with a fixed amount of leachant
[SOURCE: EN 12457-1:2002, 3.8]
3.9
test portion
amount or volume of the test sample taken for analysis, usually of known weight or volume
[SOURCE: IUPAC, 1997, 3.9]
3.10
test portion of monolithic waste of regular shape
test portion of monolithic waste for which the surface area of the test portion can be calculated on the basis of
simple geometric equations
3.11
test sample
sample, prepared from the laboratory sample, from which test portions are removed for testing or for analysis
[SOURCE: IUPAC:1997, 3.11]
4 Principle
This compliance leaching test for monolithic waste consists in a single batch leaching test with a L/A ratio of
3 -2
12 cm ⋅cm . The test portion, obtained originally or after pre-treatment, has a minimum dimension of 40 mm
in all directions. The test portion is brought into contact with water as specified in 5.1 under defined conditions
for a duration of 24 h. After filtration, the properties of the eluate are measured using methods developed for
water analysis adapted to meet criteria for analysis of eluate.
NOTE Different factors (see Annex C) can influence the results linked to the dimension-shape of the test portion (e.g.
sharp edges, dimensions tolerance acceptance) or linked to the quality of the material (e.g. quality of the surface, density).
5 Reagents
Use only reagents of recognized analytical grade, unless otherwise specified.
5.1 Distilled water, demineralised water, de-ionised water or water of equivalent purity (5 < pH < 7,5) with
-1
a conductivity < 0,1 mS.m according to grade 2 specified in EN ISO 3696.
-1
5.2 Nitric acid, c(HNO ) = 0,1 mol.l .
3
6 Equipment
6.1 General
Since low concentrations of leached components in the eluate can occur, the question of contamination of and
adsorption on the equipment has to be addressed. Materials in contact with the eluate in 6.2.1, 6.2.6, 6.2.10,
6.2.11, shall be of such quality that contamination and adsorption are minimized. The blank test addresses the
issue of contamination. The following materials are generally considered as suitable: glass, plastics
(polyethylene (PE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyethyleneterephtalate (PET))
according to EN ISO 5667-3.
6.2 Laboratory equipment
Usual laboratory apparatus, and in particular the following:
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6.2.1 Leaching vessel or tank, glass or plastic (e.g. polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA),
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), which can be
closed and/or sealed, to avoid prolonged contact with the air and, if necessary, to apply vacuum.
Clean the vessel or tank before use by filling it with nitric acid (5.2), leaving it for at least 24 h and then
flushing it out with water (5.1).
NOTE 1 The vessel or tank may have connections to allow to apply vacuum at the beginning of the leaching procedure.
NOTE 2 The contact with the air is kept limited to avoid uptake of CO from the air in case leaching from alkaline
2
materials.
The minimum distance between the test portion and the walls of the vessel or tank shall be 2 cm, all around
the test portion. Examples are given in Annex B.
Supports made of inert material shall be used to allow direct contact with water on all sides of the specimen.
Supports shall not affect significantly the surface area of the sample exposed to the leachant.
6.2.2 Diamond blade cutting device and/or core drilling device (dry process).
6.2.3 Analytical balance, with accuracy of at least of at least 1 g.
6.2.4 Device for measuring sample dimensions, with an accuracy of at least 1 mm.
6.2.5 Filtering device, either a vacuum filtration device (between 30 kPa and 70 kPa) (300 mbar to
700 mbar) or a high-pressure filtration apparatus (< 0,5 MPa) (5 bars). Rinsing is compulsory.
NOTE 1 Water ejection pump generally operates in the vicinity of 50 kPa.
When volatile components are to be analysed, vacuum filtration should not be used.
6.2.6 Bottles made in material, that will not affect the analytical results or the assessment of the results in
accordance with EN ISO 5667-3, with an appropriate volume (500 ml to 2 000 ml) to minimise headspace;
glass bottles having caps of inert materials, for example PTFE.
NOTE For inorganic constituents high density polyethylene/polypropylene (HDPE/PP) bottles are preferred, except
for samples analysed for the mercury.
-1
6.2.7 Conductivity meter, with an accuracy of at least 0,1 mS.m .
6.2.8 pH meter, with an accuracy of at least 0,05 pH units.
6.2.9 Thermometer.
6.2.10 Stirring device, magnetic bar, propeller or other (made of or coated by inert material).
6.2.11 Pre-rinsed or similarly membrane filters for filtration of the eluates, with a pore size of 0,45 µm.
-1
(e.g. rinsed with 0,1 mol.l HNO (5.2) and water (5.1)).
3
Depending on the test requirements, PTFE filter material can be required. Filter made of PTFE are
hydrophobic. Before filtration of eluate, they should be wetted using ethanol or methanol provided it doesn’t
influence the results of analysis.
6.2.12 Vacuum pump or a water suction device, reaching a residual pressure of 50 mm Hg (6 700 Pa) or
less.
6.2.13 Redox potential meter (optional).
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SIST-TS CEN/TS 15862:2013
CEN/TS 15862:2012 (E)
7 Sample preparation
7.1 Laboratory sample
For the performance of this procedure a test portion is required, consisting of at least one monolithic specimen
or test piece, the structure, homogeneity and composition of which shall be representative for the waste
material that is to be investigated. The specimen(s) or test piece(s) shall have a minimum dimension in all
directions of 40 mm.
NOTE In order to increase the representativeness of the test portion, it can be useful to test more than one specimen
or test piece, together. The surface area of the test portion is, in that case, the total surface area of the individual
specimens or test pieces.
Minimum dimensions are relevant, in order to ensure that, even for easily leachable constituents, no depletion
occurs during the test. Minimum dimensions of 40 mm in nearly all cases suffice. However, in case of high
release rates, it is recommended to justify afterwards that no depletion has taken place (see Annex C).
The laboratory sample consists of one or more specimens or test pieces.
The age of waste materials/specimens is an important factor, which can influence on leaching properties. In
case the waste material results from a stabilization process (performed in the laboratory or in the practical
situation) the waste material should be cured sufficiently long to avoid major variations in leaching due to
ongoing changes in pore structure and in formation of release controlling mineral phases. The production date
and/or curing time of the laboratory sample (at least if prepared in the laboratory) should be reported in the
test report.
7.2 Test portion
7.2.1 Preparation of the test portion:
A test portion is obtained from the laboratory sample, by applying EN 15002.
NOTE 1 If, in order to comply with the requirement of regular shape, the test portion is prepared by cutting or coring,
new surfaces are exposed, which can lead to change(s) in leaching properties, compared with aged surfaces.
Store the test portion in accordance with EN 15002 to minimize changes due to the exposure to atmosphere
(drying, carbonation, etc.).
The choice of the procedure used shall be justified and described in the test report.
The preparation of the test portion shall prevent leaching (e.g. use of cooling fluid shall be excluded).
When the waste material results from a stabilisation process, the waste material should be cured sufficiently
long to avoid major variations in leaching due to ongoing changes in pore structure and in formation of release
controlling mineral phases.
NOTE 2 The test portion could be a laboratory prepared sample, which is prepared under conditions similar to the field
situation. It could also be a part of a waste material, unless cutting results in significant differences in surface properties
influencing the leaching behaviour.
7.2.2 Influence of curing time and ageing of the test portion
The date of preparation of the test portion (if prepared in the laboratory) and the date of the performing of the
test shall be reported in the test report.
NOTE The age of product is an important factor that can influence the leaching properties.
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SIST-TS CEN/TS 15862:2013
CEN/TS 15862:2012 (E)
7.2.3 Storage conditions of the test portion
For thermally prepared monolithic waste, monolithic materials with organic binders, cored and cut test portions
are ready for testing immediately after their preparation, unless otherwise specified. For any hydraulic binder
based stabilized waste materials the curing conditions shall be reported.
...