oSIST prEN 15355:2005

Railway applications - Braking - Brake distributor valve for rolling stock

This standard specifies the requirements for a brake distributor valve used for converting a brake command in the form of an air pressure signal in the brake pipe into an air pressure used for brake application and release in rolling stock.  This standard covers the functionality, performance, construction, interfaces and testing (including pass/fail criteria) for a brake distributor valve.

Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Steuerventile

Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Distributeur de freinage

Železniške naprave - Zavore - Krmilni ventili

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 45.040 - Materials and components for railway engineering
• Technical Committee: IŽNP - Reilway applications
• Current Stage: 98 - Abandoned project (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Due Date: 20-Jul-2008
• Completion Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Directive: 2001/16/EC - Directive 2001/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2001 on the interoperability of the trans-European conventional rail system
• Directive: 96/48/EC - Interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail system
• Mandate: M/275 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI for standardization in the field of railway equipment on the interoperability of the Trans-European high-speed rail system
• Mandate: M/334 - Mandate for programming and standardisation addressed to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in the field of the Interoperability of the trans-european conventional rail system
• Ref Project: prEN 15355 - Railway applications - Braking - Brake distributor valve for rolling stock

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15355:2005
01-november-2005
Železniške naprave - Zavore - Krmilni ventili
Railway applications - Braking - Brake distributor valve for rolling stock
Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Steuerventile
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Distributeur de freinage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15355
ICS:
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
oSIST prEN 15355:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 15355:2005

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oSIST prEN 15355:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 15355
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2005
ICS

English Version
Railway applications - Braking - Distributor valves
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Distributeur de Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Steuerventile
freinage
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 256.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15355:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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prEN 15355:2005 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Symbols, abbreviations, terms and definitions.4
4 Design and manufacture.12
5 Materials .15
6 Functional requirements and tests.15
7 Designation .40
8 Identification and marking .40
Annex A (normative) Single wagon test bench .41
Annex B (normative) Handle for operating cut-off function.43
Annex C (normative) Tests to be carried out.44
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 96/48/EC of 23 July 1996 on the Interoperability of the
trans-European high-speed rail system .45
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2001/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
of 19 March 2001 on the interoperability of the trans-European conventional rail system.46

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Foreword
This document (prEN 15355:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
Applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA and ZB which are an integral part of this
document.
1)
 96/48/EC of 23 July 1996 on the Interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail system.
 Directive 2001/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2001 on the
2)
interoperability of the trans-European conventional rail system
This draft contains requirements for the dimensions, materials, installation and acceptance testing of
distributor valves.

1) Official Journal of the European Communities No L 235/6 of 17.09.96
2) Official Journal of the European Communities No L 110 of 20.04.2001
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oSIST prEN 15355:2005
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1 Scope
This document applies to distributor valves assessed according to TSI Specifications as interoperability
components for air brakes of interoperable railway vehicles which are operated by compressed air.
The distributor valves contained in this document are of graduated release type. Direct release types are not
included.
Functionally they are regarded as not containing relay valves of any type, even if the relay valves may be
physically an integral part of the distributor valves.
This document gives the requirements for the design, dimensions, testing and quality assurance of distributor
valves. These requirements can not be written in sufficient detail to ensure good workmanship or proper
construction. Each manufacturer is therefore responsible for taking every necessary step to make sure that
the quality of workmanship and construction is such as to ensure accordance with good engineering practice.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 14478, Railway applications — Braking — Generic vocabulary
EN 60721-3-5:1997, Classification of environmental conditions — Part 3: Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities — Section 5: Ground vehicle installations
ISO 8573-1:2001, Compressed air — Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes
UIC 547:1989, Brakes; air brake; standard programme of tests
3 Symbols, abbreviations, terms and definitions
For the purpose of this European Standard the following symbols, abbreviations, terms and definitions, further
to the definitions contained in prEN 14478 apply.
3.1 Symbols
t time
p pressure
3.2 Abbreviations
P Braking mode “passenger”
G Braking mode “goods” (freight)
3.3 Terms and definitions
3.3.1 General
Some of the curves in this clause are simplified, not showing the real pressure development. This is
considered to be sufficient for the purpose of this clause.
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3.3.2
distributor valve
comprehensive definition is given by prEN 14478
Apparatus the main function of which is to control a pneumatic output pressure as an inverse function of the
variation of an input pressure (see Figure 1 and Figure 2)
NOTE Following the scope of the present document input pressure is considered to be the brake pipe pressure and
output pressure is considered to be the brake cylinder pressure or the pilot pressure which controls the brake cylinder
pressure via a relay valve.

Key
1 input pressure
2 distributor valve
3 output pressure
Figure 1


Key
1 operating pressure
2 input pressure
3 output pressure
Figure 2
3.3.2
brake application
a defined drop of input pressure (brake pipe pressure) which causes the distributor valve to establish a
corresponding output pressure level fed by the auxiliary (supply) reservoir (see Figure 3)
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Key
1  operating pressure
2  input pressure
3  maximum output pressure
4  output pressure
  service brake application
  emergency brake application
Figure 3
3.3.2.1
service brake application
a defined drop of input pressure (brake pipe pressure) beginning at the operating pressure level down
between the level of operating pressure and the level of input pressure necessary for reaching maximum
output pressure, which causes the distributor valve to establish a corresponding output pressure level
between 0 and maximum output pressure
3.3.2.2
graduated braking
an incremental increase of the output pressure controlled by an incremental reduction of the input pressure in
the range of pressure from released position to the pressure corresponding to a full service braking
3.3.2.3
full service brake application
a defined drop of input pressure (brake pipe pressure) beginning at the operating pressure level down to the
input pressure level which causes the distributor valve to establish maximum output pressure
3.3.2.4
emergency braking (emergency brake application)
increase of output pressure up to the maximum output pressure caused by a drop of input pressure starting
with the value for operating pressure down to the level necessary for reaching the maximum output pressure
than in time t , faster the specified time for reaching the maximum output pressure, t . This causes the
1 2
distributor valve to operate at his maximum capacity, meeting the system requirements (see Figure 4)
NOTE Usually during emergency braking the input pressure is reduced to 0 bar.
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Key
1 operating pressure
2 input pressure
3 input pressure level necessary for reaching maximum output pressure
4 maximum output pressure
5 output pressure
Figure 4
3.3.3
brake release
the increase of input pressure (brake pipe pressure) after a brake application which causes the distributor
valve to vent the output pipe to atmosphere (see Figure 5)


Key
1 operating pressure
2 input pressure
3 output pressure
Figure 5
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3.3.3.1
full release
an increase of input pressure (brake pipe pressure) after a brake application up to the operating pressure level,
causing the complete venting of output pressure
3.3.3.2
graduated release
an incremental reduction of output pressure by an incremental increase of input pressure in the range of
pressure from full service braking to full release
3.3.4
brake application time
time for increasing output pressure from when it starts to rise from 0 bar up to 95 % of the maximum output
pressure, when input pressure is reduced from operating pressure level down to 0 bar with a gradient of less
than 2 s for the first pressure drop of 1,5 bar
3.3.5
release time
time for reducing the output pressure from when it starts to fall from maximum down to 0,4 bar, when input
pressure is increased up to the operating pressure level, starting from 1,5 bar below it, in less than 2 s
3.3.6
manual release
function which requires deliberate and intentional manual action in order to cancel brake application (to
release the distributor valve) provided by one distributor valve. Manual release function can be achieved in
two ways:
3.3.6.1
automatic manual release
operation requires short action by the command element after which the release function is completed
automatically
3.3.6.2
non-automatic manual release
operation requires action by the command element during the entire process until the release function is
completed. Stopping action before complete release results in incomplete release
3.3.7
braking mode
categories of application and release times for the output pressure, which a distributor valve may be able to
provide depending on the operating conditions
3.3.7.1
braking mode “passenger” (short form “P”)
braking mode characterized by fast brake application and release times specific for distributor valves used on
trains for passenger traffic
3.3.7.2
braking mode “goods ”(“freight”) (short form “G”)
braking mode characterized by slow brake application and release times specific for distributor valves used on
freight trains for slow speed
3.3.8
automatic braking
ability of the distributor valve to ensure the maximum output pressure in case of loss of input pressure
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3.3.9
inexhaustibility
capability of the distributor valve to assure a certain significant level of output pressure under all operating
conditions
3.3.10
stand by position/ready for operation
condition of the distributor valve in which braking can be initiated in compliance with all specifications
3.3.11
operating pressure
the reference input pressure in full released position
3.3.12
sensitivity
the ability of the distributor valve to supply an output pressure under certain conditions of input pressure
reduction (see Figure 6)
NOTE If a certain value is specified, it gives the minimum gradient of input pressure reduction which causes the
distributor valve to react after a certain time.
3.3.13
insensitivity
the ability of the distributor valve to avoid supplying an output pressure under certain conditions of input
pressure reduction.
NOTE If a certain value is specified it gives the maximum (fastest) gradient of the input pressure reduction which will
not cause the distributor valve to react

Key
1 input pressure
distributor valve shall react
2 operating pressure
distributor valve shall not react
3 insensitivity area
distributor valve may react
4 sensitivity area
5 sensitivity limit
6 insensitivity limit
Figure 6
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3.3.14
quick service function
function of a distributor valve which allows, when applying the brake from stand-by and released position, the
local fast venting of brake pipe pressure by a certain specified amount and at a certain specified gradient, to
provide pneumatic brake signal transmission through a train
3.3.15
propagation time
the time between the initiation of a brake application by the driver’s brake handle and the beginning of brake
cylinder pressure build-up on the last vehicle of a train
3.3.16
propagation speed
propagation time related to the length of brake pipe.
NOTE The length of brake pipe is measured from the driver’s brake valve to the end cock located at the end of the
last vehicle of the train and does not take into consideration any branches.
3.3.17
operating pressure overcharge
build up of distributor input pressure above operating pressure to reduce the release time of a train and/or to
adjust the distributors control reservoir pressure of all vehicles of a complete train
3.3.18
inshot function
function of the distributor valve which allows, when operated in the braking mode “goods” (“freight”), a faster
increase of the output pressure at the beginning of brake application (t against t without inshot function). The
1 2
purpose is quick build up of the necessary pressure for initiating the friction braking process (see Figure 7)

Key
1 operating pressure
2 output pressure
3 pressure necessary for starting the friction process
t1 with inshot function
t2 without inshot function
Figure 7
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3.3.19
released position (related to distributor valve)
the distributor valves position in which the output pressure is having a value which does not produce a brake
force
3.3.20
auxiliary (supply) reservoir
protected and dedicated source of pressure energy for local brake actuation
[prEN 14478]
3.3.21
brake force
force generated by the brake and applied to the train
[prEN 14478]
3.3.22
brake pipe
pipe containing and conveying fluid usually air enabling train brake control
[prEN 14478]
3.3.23
brake system
combination of means (hardware and software) to achieve, with a chosen level of safety, the whole or part of
the braking requirements of the train
NOTE 1 The brake system should act with a level of availability compatible with the operating requirements.
NOTE 2 A train may be equipped with one or more brake systems.
[prEN 14478]
3.3.24
control reservoir (control chamber)
container, (in a brake) employing air pressure, adapted by its volume to cause a desired pressure to be
achieved to enable one or more (brake) control functions, e. g timing or pressure
[prEN 14478]
3.3.25
direct release
complete reduction of brake cylinder pressure in one step
[prEN 14478]
3.3.26
driver's brake valve
component or combination of components by which the driver's intent is converted to a train brake control
signal
NOTE The driver's brake valve includes the brake handle.
[prEN 14478]
3.3.27
graduable (graduated [am]) release
reduction of brake cylinder pressure in more than one step
[prEN 14478]
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3.3.28
train
single vehicle or a number of coupled vehicles operating on a guided ground transport system
[prEN 14478]
3.3.29
maximum output pressure (see Figure under 3.3.2)
maximum output pressure is the output pressure which is reached after an emergency braking.
NOTE It is the highest possible output pressure
3.3.30
control sensitivity
control sensitivity defines the ability of the distributor valve to respond accurate and sensitive to input pressure
modifications by delivering corresponding output pressure variations
4 Design and manufacture
The design and manufacture of the distributor valve shall, for all intended operating conditions, take into
account:
4.1 Functional requirements
Functional requirements to be met by the distributor valve are specified in clause 6.
4.2 Vibrations and shocks
The distributor valve shall be able to operate without restrictions under vibration and shock conditions as
specified by EN 61373((datieren)), category 1, class A and B.
4.3 Service life
This document gives no rigid specification for service life performance.
Specifications shall be specified upon an agreement between manufacturer and customer regarding operating
conditions.
4.4 Compressed air quality
It shall be possible to operate the distributor valve without restrictions with at least the compressed air quality
according to the following classes defined by ISO 8573-1:2001
 class 4 — for the maximum particle size and the maximum concentration of solid contaminants;
 class 4 — for the water dewpoint;
 class 5 — for the max. total (droplets, aerosols and vapours) oil concentration.
The distributor valve shall be able to run as part of a braking system with no air dryer.
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4.5 Ambient temperature
The distributor valve shall be able to operate:
 between – 25 °C and + 70 °C without any deviation from the technical requirements specified in this
document;
 between – 40 °C and – 25 °C without deviation from the main technical requirements. Allowed deviations
for main requirements are given in 6.3.23.
The purchaser can specify a higher or lower temperature limit values if operational constraints demand it.
4.6 Altitude
The distributor valve shall be able to operate without restrictions up to an altitude of 2 000 m.
4.7 Humidity
The following external humidity levels shall be considered:
 Yearly average: ≤ 75 % relative humidity;
 On 30 days in the year continuously: between 75 % and 95 % relative humidity;
 On the other days occasionally: between 95 % and 100 % relative humidity;
3
 Maximum absolute humidity: 30 g/m occurring in tunnels.
An operationally caused infrequent and slight moisture condensation shall not lead to any malfunction or
failure.
At cooled surfaces, 100 % relative humidity may occur causing condensation on parts of equipment; this shall
not lead to any malfunction or failure.
Sudden changes of the air temperature local to the vehicle may cause condensation of water on parts of
equipment with rate of 3 K/s and maximum variation of 40 K.
These conditions particularly occurring when entering or leaving a tunnel shall not lead to any malfunction or
failure of the equipment.
4.8 Other environmental specifications
4.8.1 Rain
Rain rate of 6 mm/min shall be taken into account. The effect of rain shall be considered depending on the
equipment installation together with wind and vehicle movement.
4.8.2 Snow, ice and hail
Consideration shall be given to the effect of all kind of snow, ice and/or hail. The maximum diameter of
hailstones shall be taken as 15 mm, larger diameter may occur exceptionally.
The effect of snow, ice and hail shall be considered depending on the equipment installation together with
wind and vehicle movement.
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4.8.3 Solar radiation
2
Equipment design should allow for direct exposure to solar radiation at the rate of 1 120 W/m for a maximum
duration of 8 h.
4.8.4 Pollution
The effects of pollution shall be considered in the design of equipment and components. The severity of
pollution will depend upon the location of the equipment. Means may be provided to reduce pollution by the
effective use of protection. The effects of the following kinds of pollution shall be considered as stated in
Table 1.
Table 1 — Pollution requirements
Pollution Requirements
Chemically active substances Class 5C2 of EN 60721-3-5:1997.
Class 5F2 (electrical engine) of EN 60721-3-5:1997.
Contaminating fluids
Class 5F3 (thermal engine) of EN 60721-3-5:1997.
Biologically active substances Class 5B2 of EN 60721-3-5:1997.
Dust Defined by class 5S2 of EN 60721-3-5:1997.
Stones and other objects Ballast and other of maximum 15 mm diameter.
Grasses and leaves, pollen, flying insects,
For the design of ventilation ducts
fibres etc.
Sand According to EN 60721-3-5:1997.
According to EN 60721-3-5:1997
Sea spray
Class 5C2.

4.9 Design requirements regarding pressure stress
The design of the distributor valve shall allow safe required performance with a maximum supply pressure
according to 6.5.21 of the present document. It shall be taken in consideration that maximum supply pressure
can be reached even in other pneumatic circuits of the distributor valve such as for example brake pipe
pressure circuit (input pressure for the distributor valve) when the present document requires such a function.
The distributor valve shall be designed to be able to support pressure up to 50 % more than the pressure
specified by 6.5.21 in all chambers, without safety risk for the personnel.
This can be proven by theoretical calculation.
4.10 Tightness
Tightness of the distributor valve shall be such that technical performance as specified by this document is
met without restrictions.
This requirement is tested in accordance with 6.6.22.
4.11 Fire behaviour
The design of fixed installations and rolling stock and the choice of the materials used shall be aimed at
limiting the generation, propagation and effects of fire and smoke in the event of a fire.
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The materials used in the trains and infrastructure shall prevent the emission of fumes or gases which are
harmful and dangerous to the environment, particularly in the event of fire.
Any specific fire requirements for the distributor valve for particular lines or train services shall be observed.
The fire requirements will be tested to that specification.
5 Materials
The materials used for manufacturing the distributor valve shall be appropriate to meet all the specification of
the present document.
6 Functional requirements and tests
6.1 General
Tests which are described are type tests. Tests related to the serial production are to be specified by the
manufacturer according to standardized quality management procedures or by exception shall be agreed
between manufacturer and customer.
6.2 Type test
6.2.1 Type test procedure
Type tests shall follow the specified procedure described in the relevant TSI (for example Annex Q, Module B
of the TSI CR)
Tests which are to be carried out are specified for each requirement of the present document, when they are
necessary.
The diagrams illustrating tests are given for better understanding and are not conforming in all details (for
example the scale) with real recordings.
6.2.2 Test benches for performing type tests
Type tests can be performed on:
A. Single wagon test bench (see Annex I)
B. Simulated train consist test bench — configuration emulating test trains according to UIC 547:1989, 2.2,
3.2 and 4.1.1.
Test benches shall be designed so that all requirement given by this document as far as tests are required,
can be performed.
Test bench type B shall be able to simulate all conditions mentioned in this document regarding train running
operation including dynamometric conditions. This test bench shall be validated by a notified body. It shall be
validated against actual measured train test results undertaking similar tests and in the absence of this
correlation, the tests shall be carried out on an actual train.
Where there is no specification of the type of test bench, all tests are performed with test bench type A.
Maximum achievable tightness shall be provided for the entire test bench.
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6.2.3 Certification
Certification shall follow the specified procedure described in the relevant TSI (for example Annex Q,
Module B of the TSI CR)
6.2.4 Modifications
Modifications of already approved distributor valves shall be in compliance with the relevant TSI (for example
Annex Q, Module B of the TSI CR).
6.3 Compatibility
Compatibility between distributor valves operating under the legislation of the European Community is given
when all requirements of this document are met.
6.4 Documentation
Where agreed between the purchaser and the supplier, the supplier shall make available to the purchaser the
specifications by which the quality of the product is defined, assured, made traceable and certified. These may
include:
 A description of the distributor valve which allows the purchaser adequate and safe use of the product.
 An interface ”acceptance” or ”equipment” drawing showing dimensional values and limits, performance,
maintenance, life, data etc.
 Information necessary to trace the functions of the distributor valve from the parts list number to certain
documents or data bases where all the performance data about the distributor valve can be found.
6.5 Miscellaneous
The distributor valve shall be able to perform as required by this document, as part of a brake system
mounted in a wagon with maximum length of 31 m and brake pipe volume of 25 l taking in consideration brake
pipe inner diameters between 25 mm and 32 mm
6.6 Function requirements and tests
Tests are required for each functional requirement if necessary. Some tests may be related to more than one
requirement in which case when specifying the requirement, reference is given to the corresponding test.
All test diagrams given for illustrating test procedure show basic pressure development during test and may
vary in detail from case to case.
All tests shall be performed at ambient temperature, with no other source for supply pressure than charging
via distributor valve and also with maximum supply pressure as given in 6.5.21 where the auxiliary (supply)
reservoir is kept continuously at that pressure level.
Exceptions are tests specified in 6.6.23 for tests with cold temperature which are to be performed in addition
under the specifications given in the mentioned subclause.
All tests shall be performed in positio
...