SIST EN 12593:2007
(Main)Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the Fraass breaking point
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the Fraass breaking point
This European Standard specifies a method for determining the Fraass breaking point which measures the brittleness of bitumen and bituminous binders at low temperatures.
WARNING - Use of this European Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung des Brechpunktes nach Fraaß
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination du point de fragilité Fraass
La présente Norme européenne prescritspécifie une méthode de détermination du point de fragilité Fraass qui fournit une mesure de qui permet de déterminer la fragilité des bitumes routiers et des liants bitumineux a basse température.
AVERTISSEMENT - L'utilisation de la présente Norme européenne peut impliquer l'intervention de produits, d'opérations et d'équipements a caractere dangereux. La présente Norme européenne n'est pas censée aborder tous les problemes de sécurité concernés par son usage. Il est de la responsabilité de l'utilisateur de consulter et d'établir des regles de sécurité et d'hygiene appropriées et de déterminer l'applicabilité des restrictions réglementaires avant utilisation.
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva - Določanje pretrgališča po Fraassu
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the Fraass breaking pointBitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination du point de fragilité FraassBitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung des Brechpunktes nach FraaßTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12593:2007SIST EN 12593:2007en91.100.50Veziva. Tesnilni materialiBinders. Sealing materials75.140Voski, bitumni in drugi naftni proizvodiWaxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum productsICS:SIST EN 12593:20001DGRPHãþDSLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12593:200701-julij-2007
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12593March 2007ICS 75.140; 91.100.50Supersedes EN 12593:1999
English VersionBitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the Fraassbreaking pointBitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination du point defragilité FraassBitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung desBrechpunktes nach FraaßThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 February 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12593:2007: E
EN 12593:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.4 3 Terms and definitions.4 4 Principle.4 5 Apparatus.4 6 Sampling and sample preparation.6 7 Procedure.7 8 Expression of results.8 9 Precision.8 10 Test report.9 Annex A (normative)
Characteristics of the thermometer.15
EN 12593:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12593:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2007. This document supersedes EN 12593:1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 12593:2007 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for determining the Fraass breaking point which measures the brittleness of bitumen and bituminous binders at low temperatures. WARNING — Use of this European Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following referenced standards are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced standard (including any amendments) applies. EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Sampling bituminous binders EN 1425, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Characterization of perceptible properties EN 1427, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the softening point - Ring and Ball method EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Preparation of test samples 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following term and definition applies. 3.1 Fraass breaking point temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius, at which a film of bituminous binder of a specified and uniform thickness will break under defined loading conditions 4 Principle A sample of bituminous binder is applied to a metal plate at an even thickness. This plate is submitted to a constant cooling rate and flexed repeatedly until the binder layer breaks; the temperature at which the first crack appears is reported as the Fraass breaking point 5 Apparatus Usual laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following: 5.1 Plates, made of tempered spring steel with the following dimensions: (41,00 ± 0,05) mm long,
(20,0 ± 0,2) mm wide and (0,15 ± 0,02) mm thick. The plates shall be kept flat and protected from corrosion when not in use. Any plate that becomes visibly curved or corroded shall be discarded.
EN 12593:2007 (E) 5 5.2 Plate preparation equipment, used for application of the melted sample, and including: 5.2.1 Magnet block with a flat and smooth surface (Figure 1) holding one to three plates with a suitable cover (Figure 2). 5.2.2 Metal support with two distinct zones: one temperature regulated and controlled, the other one cooled by water circulation. The support shall be horizontal and include an air bubble level and level adjustment screws. 5.3 Fraass breaking apparatus, as shown in Figure 3, consisting of the parts described in 5.3.1 to 5.3.3. NOTE Manual apparatus can be replaced by semi automatic or automatic apparatus reproducing the same conditions. 5.3.1 Bending apparatus, as shown in Figure 4. The clearance between the two tubes, when assembled so that one can move longitudinally within the other, shall not exceed 1 mm. The tubes shall be made of a material that is of low thermal expansion (linear expansion coefficient: < 40 × 10-6 1/K ) and a poor conductor of heat (thermal conductivity: < 0,3 W/K x m). The plate shall be held by two steel clips as shown in Figure 5, the upper clip being attached to the bottom end of the outer tube, and the lower clip being attached to the inner tube by means of a metal connecting piece. The clips shall be coplanar, parallel to the axis of the tube, and secured against twisting. The thermometer shall be mounted in such a way that the connecting piece does not act as a shield between the thermometer bulb and ambient temperature and that the reservoir of the thermometer is the same distance between the wall of the inner tube and the middle of the pre-bended test plate when at rest.
By rotating the crank handle (see Figure 3), which operates a mechanism consisting of a cone of hardened metal, as shown in Figure 6, and a setting screw, the inner tube may be moved up and down relative to the outer tube. Eleven rotations of the handle shall permit the initial distance between the upper and lower clip of (40,0 ± 0,1) mm to be steadily reduced by (3,5 ± 0,1) mm. A steel strut may be used to fix the initial bending of the steel test plate. The height of the strut is such that, when in place, the initial distance between the upper and the lower clips is (40,0 ± 0,1) mm. Use of a semi automatic bending apparatus, from which the raising and lowering of the inner tube is controlled, for example, by a motor-driven cam disc, or of fully automatic apparatus, in which the reduction in temperature is controlled and the breaking point is automatically indicated, is permitted, provided that the test conditions specified in this standard are complied with. 5.3.2 Cooling apparatus, as shown in Figure 3, and comprising the inner test tube (5), the outer test tube (4) and the glass cylinder (1). The bungs (6), (7) and (8) shall be made of either rubber or cork. The bore (9) in the bung (7) may be used for introducing solid carbon dioxide. The cylinder (1) and the inner test tube (5) shall contain a small amount of drying agent. A transparent Dewar vessel having an inside diameter of (75 ± 5) mm may be substituted for the outer test tube (4) and the cylinder (1). NOTE 1 Care should be taken to ensure that all elements of the apparatus are vertical. NOTE 2 Suitable bath liquids for the Dewar vessel are alcohols like ethanol, 1-propanol or 2-propanol. 5.3.3 Thermometer, solid stem, as specified in Annex A. Other temperature measuring devices may be used instead of mercury stem thermometers, however, the mercury stem thermometer is the reference device and any alternative device employed shall be calibrated so as to provide the same readings as would be provided by the mercury stem thermometer, recognising and allowing for changed thermal response times compared with the mercury thermometer. NOTE For this test method, in which decreasing temperatures are read during the test procedure, documented corrections should be determined in advance and applied to the observed readings.
EN 12593:2007 (E) 6 5.4 Press, consisting of a base plate, a frame and two metal pressure blocks, measuring 100 mm x 72 mm x 25 mm (see Figure 7). The lower pressure block shall be mounted on an intermediate disk made of non-conducting material (see 5.5) and having the same dimensions as the pressure block. A recess measuring 72 mm x 60 mm x 0,7 mm shall have been let into the pressure surface of the lower block. A metal plate shall be fixed at the vertex of the upper block with non-conducting material being used to separate the two. The vertex plate shall be fitted with a spindle that is turned by a handle. The thread of the spindle shall pass through th
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