oSIST prEN 13232-2:2020
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings for Vignole rails - Part 2: Requirements for geometric design
Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings for Vignole rails - Part 2: Requirements for geometric design
This part of this European Standard covers the following subjects:
- geometric design principles for wheel guidance;
- definition of basic limits of supply;
- applied forces and their adequate support;
- tolerance levels.
These are illustrated herein by application to a turnout. The main switch and crossing components are represented in turnouts and the principles used in turnouts apply equally to more complex layouts
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Weichen und Kreuzungen für Vignolschienen - Teil 2: Anforderungen an den geometrischen Entwurf
Applications ferroviaires - Infrastructure - Appareils de voie - Partie 2: Exigences de la conception géométrique
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Kretnice in križišča za Vignolove tirnice - 2. del: Geometrijske zahteve pri projektiranju
General Information
RELATIONS
Standards Content (sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13232-2:2020
01-marec-2020
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Kretnice in križišča za Vignolove tirnice
- 2. del: Geometrijske zahteve pri projektiranjuRailway applications - Track - Switches and crossings for Vignole rails - Part 2:
Requirements for geometric designBahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Weichen und Kreuzungen für Vignolschienen - Teil 2:
Anforderungen an den geometrischen Entwurf
Applications ferroviaires - Infrastructure - Appareils de voie - Partie 2: Exigences de la
conception géométriqueTa slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13232-2
ICS:
45.080 Tračnice in železniški deli Rails and railway
components
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
oSIST prEN 13232-2:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 13232-2:2020
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 13232-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2020
ICS 93.100 Will supersede EN 13232-2:2003+A1:2011
English Version
Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings for
Vignole rails - Part 2: Requirements for geometric design
Applications ferroviaires - Infrastructure - Appareils de Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Weichen und
voie - Partie 2: Exigences de la conception géométrique Kreuzungen für Vignolschienen - Teil 2: Anforderungen
an den geometrischen EntwurfThis draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256.If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13232-2:2020 E
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Contents
European foreword .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................... 5
3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
4 Design process .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
4.1 General process .................................................................................................................................................................. 6
4.2 Design step details ............................................................................................................................................................ 7
4.3 Practical use of the design process ............................................................................................................................. 7
5 General design requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 8
5.1 Reference points ................................................................................................................................................................ 8
5.2 General tangency rules .................................................................................................................................................... 9
5.3 Inputs ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
6 Geometry design rules (step 1) .................................................................................................................................. 10
6.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................... 10
6.2 Speed relationships ........................................................................................................................................................ 10
6.3 Effects of changes in curvature ................................................................................................................................... 12
6.3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................... 12
6.3.2 Change of lateral acceleration .................................................................................................................................... 12
6.3.3 Types and locations of transitions ............................................................................................................................ 12
6.3.4 Rules for steady changes in curvature ..................................................................................................................... 12
6.3.5 Rules for step changes in curvature (virtual transitions) ................................................................................ 12
6.3.6 Rules for special cases ................................................................................................................................................... 12
6.3.7 Switches and crossings on curves ............................................................................................................................. 12
6.4 Output .................................................................................................................................................................................. 12
7 Main constructional design (step 2) ......................................................................................................................... 13
7.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................... 13
7.2 Inputs ................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
7.3 General requirements.................................................................................................................................................... 14
7.4 Specific requirements .................................................................................................................................................... 14
7.5 Structural requirements ............................................................................................................................................... 15
7.6 Other requirements ........................................................................................................................................................ 16
7.7 Actuation, locking and detection design ................................................................................................................. 16
7.8 Output – Main construction documents .................................................................................................................. 16
7.8.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................................ 16
7.8.2 Geometry ............................................................................................................................................................................ 16
7.8.3 Guidance ............................................................................................................................................................................. 16
7.8.4 Actuation............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
7.8.5 Constructional .................................................................................................................................................................. 17
7.8.6 Information lists .............................................................................................................................................................. 17
8 Detailed component design (step 3) ........................................................................................................................ 17
8.1 Switches .............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
8.2 Crossings ............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
8.3 Expansion devices ........................................................................................................................................................... 18
8.4 Other components ........................................................................................................................................................... 18
8.5 Output – Assembly documents ................................................................................................................................... 19
8.5.1 Main assembly documents ........................................................................................................................................... 19
8.5.2 Optional documents ....................................................................................................................................................... 20
9 Tolerances .......................................................................................................................................................................... 21
9.1 Individual tolerances ..................................................................................................................................................... 21
9.2 Accumulation of tolerances ......................................................................................................................................... 21
9.3 Acceptance basis .............................................................................................................................................................. 21
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Annex A (informative) Design process ................................................................................................................................... 22
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2016/797/EU aimed to be covered .............................................................. 24
Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
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European foreword
This document (prEN 13232-2:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256
“Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 13232-2:2003+A1:2011.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the
European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential
requirements of EU Directive 2016/797/EU.For relationship with EU Directive 2016/797/EU, see informative Annex ZA, which is an
integral part of this document.This series of standards “Railway applications – Track – Switches and crossings for Vignole
rails” covers the design and quality of switches and crossings in flat bottomed rail. The list of
Parts is as follows:— Part 1: Definitions
— Part 2: Requirements for geometric design
— Part 3: Requirements for wheel/rail interaction
— Part 4: Actuation, locking and detection
— Part 5: Switches
— Part 6: Fixed common and obtuse crossings
— Part 7: Crossings with moveable parts
— Part 8: Expansion devices
— Part 9: Layouts
Part 1 contains terminology used throughout all parts of this series. Parts 2 to 4 contain basic
design guides and are applicable to all switch and crossing assemblies. Parts 5 to 8 deal with
particular types of equipment including their tolerances. These use Parts 1 to 4 as a basis. Part 9
defines the geometric and non-geometric acceptance criteria for inspection of layouts.
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1 Scope
This document covers the following subjects:
— the design process for switches and crossings, and the use of the other parts of this
standard;— geometric design principles for wheel guidance;
— definition of basic limits of supply;
— applied forces and their adequate support;
— tolerance levels.
These are illustrated herein by application to a turnout. The main switch and crossing
components are represented in turnouts and the principles used in turnouts apply equally to
more complex layouts.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.prEN 13232-1:2020, Railway applications – Track – Switches and crossings for Vignole rails –
Part 1: DefinitionsprEN 13232-3:2020, Railway applications – Track – Switches and crossings for Vignole rails –
Part 3: Requirements for wheel/rail interactionprEN 13232-4:2020, Railway applications – Track – Switches and crossings for Vignole rails –
Part 4: Actuation, locking and detectionprEN 13232-5:2020, Railway applications – Track – Switches and crossings for Vignole rails –
Part 5: SwitchesprEN 13232-9:2020, Railway applications – Track – Switches and crossings for Vignole rails –
Part 9: LayoutsEN 13803:2017, Railway applications - Infrastructure — Track alignment design parameters -
Track gauges 1435 mm and widerEN 15273-3:2013+A1:2016, Railway applications - Gauges - Part 3: Structure gauges
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document the terms and definitions given in prEN 13232-1:2020 and the
following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
customer
term used to define one party involved in using the EN as the technical basis for a transaction:
the Operator or User of the equipment, or the Purchaser of the equipment on the User's behalf
3.2supplier
term used to define one party involved in using the EN as the technical basis for a transaction:
the Body responsible for the use of the EN in response to the Customer's requirements
4 Design process4.1 General process
The process for designing switches and crossings is complex owing to the many requirements
that apply and the different situations that may occur. Figure 1 gives a schematic representation
of the general design process. It separates the whole process into 4 main steps:— step 1 contains the general design of the S&C. It consists of the geometrical design, the
design of the wheel-rail interaction and the design requirements for compliance with the
actuation, locking and detection system. It leads to the definition of the main aspects of the
S&C, respecting the main design requirements. Geometric design is defined in this part;
other aspects are dealt with in parts 3 and 4;— step 2 is the main constructional design process, which specifies the main construction of
the S&C. It is based on the technology used by the supplier. It is based mainly on the
suppliers’ experience and expertise;— step 3 consists of the detailed design of the individual components. It is dealt with in
different standards. The design of the main components shall respect the requirements laid
down in parts 5 to 8. Other components, such as fastenings, bearers, etc, are dealt with in
respective ENs;— step 4 is the product acceptance, which is described in Part 9.
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Key
1 Step 1: General design
2 Step 2: Main constructional design
3 Step 3: Detailed component design
4 Step 4: Acceptance
Figure 1 — General design process
4.2 Design step details
— Each design step requires sufficient input data to enable the design to be completed.
— Input data are dealt with by the supplier through the design rules. The rules are defined in
EN 13232, Parts 2 to 8.— The results of the different design steps are outputs.
All these aspects are schematically represented for each design step in Annex A, with a
reference to the different parts and clauses where these aspects are dealt with in detail.
4.3 Practical use of the design processThe previous section deals with the complete design process of the S&C. The use of the standard
is not limited to this case only.The customer may choose to request the supplier to perform the whole design process and
therefore gives all necessary input data to permit the supplier to perform the design.
The customer may also opt to request the supplier to perform only parts of the design process.
In this case the customer shall deliver all inputs of the design steps he has requested the
supplier to perform. This means that he has to deliver all outputs of the previous design steps.
EXAMPLE 1 A customer requests the detailed design of an S&C layout based on the geometry of an
existing design for use on a main railway line. In this case the supplier receives from the customer the
outputs from geometrical requirements as well as the requirements for wheel-rail interaction, in the form
of functional and safety dimensions.Based on this information and the inputs for both conformity for actuation, locking and
detection (ALD) and general requirements, the supplier performs the general and detailed
component design.EXAMPLE 2 A customer requests a supplier to manufacture an S&C layout in accordance with an
existing design. The customer delivers a set of detailed drawings to the supplier. The supplier only
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5 General design requirements
5.1 Reference points
Key reference points relating to turnout geometry and the limits of supply of a turnout are
illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.Key
1 Actual switch toe 6 Limits of supply (front joints)
2 Mathematical point of switch 7 Origin of switch curve
3 Tumout intersection 8 Centreline radius
4 Theoretical intersection 9 Turnout angle
5 Limits of supply (heel joints)
Figure 2 — Key reference points
Key
1 Overall length
2 Tangent length
3 Turnout intersection
4 Turnout angle
Figure 3 — Setting out diagram
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5.2 General tangency rules
At any change in radius the two radii shall be mutually tangential at the running edges. To
achieve this, the centres of adjacent curves shall lie on the same radial line (see Figure 3).
Exceptions to the mutual tangency rule may occur. Examples include switch entry angle for
intersecting switches or to allow for gauge widening.Details are given in prEN 13232-3:2020 and prEN 13232-5:2020.
Key
1 Tangent
Figure 4 — Mutual tangency
5.3 Inputs
For a concise definition of the geometry of an assembly of switches and crossings, a minimum
amount of basic quantitative information is required. The following items are both necessary
and sufficient for such a definition of a turnout.The following shall be defined by the Customer and numerical values provided to the Supplier.
Note that some values may be different from those for plain line:— track gauge;
— speed;
— maximum lateral acceleration or cant deficiency;
— maximum rate of change of lateral acceleration or cant deficiency;
— turnout intersection point and angle (see Figure 4);
— limits of supply (front joints, heel joints);
— gauge widening (if any);
— abrupt change of cant deficiency;
— vehicle length.
For a crossover or junction, in addition, the following shall be defined by the Customer and
provided to the Supplier:— distance between main line track centrelines.
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For switches and crossings on a curved main line, the following shall be defined and provided by
the Customer:— main line curvature;
— main line and branch line cant through turnout.
The key points whose location shall be agreed between Customer and Supplier are as follows:
— origin of switch curve;— real switch toe (RP);
— theoretical intersection (of crossing).
Radii of main and branch lines and the positions at which they change shall be agreed, together
with:— centreline radii;
— origin of switch curve to positions of changes of radii;
— tangent offset (if any);
where such changes of radii shall be bounded either by included angle, or by longitudinal
distance or by lateral offset, or in the case of a transition section, by such data as is necessary to
uniquely define its shape.Some examples are illustrated in EN 13803:2017, Annex F
6 Geometry design rules (step 1)
6.1 Introduction
Geometry is represented in the running plane by the running edges. For the purpose of
determination of permissible speeds and for definition of the turnout, curvature is defined by
the radius of the track centreline.The guiding principles of curves are given in this standard as they apply to switches and
crossings.In order to maintain safe and continuous support and guidance of wheels, certain rules of
tangency are imposed. Speed and radius are then related to lateral acceleration. Cant deficiency
is derived from this. Switches and crossings are characterized by changes in lateral acceleration,
so rules for both steady and sudden changes between radii are included in this section.
Calculations and rules relate to vehicles with 2 axles or vehicles with 2-axle bogies. Vehicles
with other than 2 axles may require special consideration and as such their configuration shall
be provided by the Customer.These rules are defined for steady-state design, i.e. without acceleration. Requirements of a
dynamic nature shall be stated by the Customer.6.2 Speed relationships
Fundamental rules of circular motion determine the relationship between radius and speed
around a curve.For railway specific applications the following formula applies:
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v = √(a R ) (1)
max max c
where:
R is the local centreline radius of the curve in m;
a is the maximum lateral acceleration in m/s ;
max
v is the maximum local velocity in m/s.
max
Alternatively with V in km/h:
max
V = 3,6 √(a R ) (2)
max max c
Key
1 track gauge st
2 half of rail head width s
3 wheel contact gauge s
Figure 5 — Wheel contact gauge
Often it is convenient to express maximum speed in terms of more physical measures, using the
variables cant deficiency and wheel contact gauge. Firstly, wheel contact gauge is expressed
conventionally as:s s s
w t r
= + (3)
where:
s is the wheel contact gauge, or distance between the two upper wheel/rail contacts, in mm;
s is the track gauge in mm;s is the rail head width in mm.
If s is not specified, for standard gauge (1435 mm), a value of 1500 mm may be assumed for s .
r wThe speed relationship is then given by:
V = 3,6 √(h g R / s ) (4)
max d c w
where:
h is the maximum permitted cant deficiency in mm;
g is the acceleration due to gravity, normally taken as 9,81 m/s .
Often it is convenient to express maximum speed in terms of more physical measures, using the
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6.3 Effects of changes in curvature
6.3.1 Introduction
Most real situations yield a step change in curvature, since a smooth curvature change only
occurs in transition curves. The effects of step changes are mitigated by the vehicle's suspension
system, but an approximate rule is necessary to enable the switch and crossing supplier to
match the vehicle's requirements. The rules for steady transitions are covered first, then the
rules for step changes in curvature.NOTE See EN 13803:2017, Annex F for examples of alternative arrangements of transitions within
turnouts.6.3.2 Change of lateral acceleration
The steady change of curvature is quantified by the rate of change of lateral acceleration.
Alternatively it may be termed a rate of change of cant deficiency which is related to a rate of
change of lateral acceleration. See EN 13803:2017, 6.5.6.3.3 Types and locations of transitions
Transition curves are used to eliminate the effects of step changes by employing a suitable rate
of change of lateral acceleration. An example of a steady transition is the clothoid, which
employs a constant rate of change of lateral acceleration or cant deficiency.6.3.4 Rules for steady changes in curvature
In the case of steady changes in curvature, as occur in turnouts and crossovers, the changes in
lateral acceleration or cant deficiency should be dealt with according to EN 13803:2017, 6.5.2
and 6.5.36.3.5 Rules for step changes in curvature (virtual transitions)
In the case of step changes in curvature, as occur in turnouts and crossovers, the changes in
lateral acceleration or cant deficiency may be dealt with according to the procedure in
EN 13803:2017, Annex M.6.3.6 Rules for special cases
Where the length of the transition is less than the length between bogie centres, an alternative
method shall be used. An equivalent radius should be determined between the customer and
supplier. This may be dealt with according to EN 13803:2017, Annex E6.3.7 Switches and crossings on curves
Basic S&C design has straight main line (except for equal split turnouts). Curved S&C is based on
basic designs with equivalent radius. Equivalent radius may be calculated in accordance with
EN 13803:2017, Annex E.6.4 Output
The result of the geometry design process is the geometry plan, containing the following
information:— track gauge throughout the S&C;
— cant throughout the S&C;
— origin of switch curve;
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— real switch toe;
— theoretical intersection (crossing);
— centreline radii;
— tangent offset;
— limits of supply.
7 Main constructional design (step 2)
7.1 Introduction
Design of switches and crossings involves aspects other than geometry. The component parts of
switches and crossings are dealt with in Parts 5 to 8 (see Foreword) but some non-geome
...
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