ASTM D3230-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
Standard Test Method for Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the approximate chloride content of crude oils, a knowledge of which is important in deciding whether or not the crude oil needs desalting. The efficiency of the process desalter can also be evaluated.
5.2 Excessive chloride left in the crude oil frequently results in higher corrosion rates in refining units and also has detrimental effects on catalysts used in these units.
5.3 This test method provides a rapid and convenient means of determining the approximate content of chlorides in crude oil and is useful to crude oil processors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the approximate chloride (salts) concentration in crude oil. The range of concentration covered is 0 to 500 mg/kg or 0 to 150 lb/1000 bbl as chloride concentration/volume of crude oil.
1.2 This test method measures conductivity in the crude oil due to the presence of common chlorides, such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium. Other conductive materials may also be present in the crude oil.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—Acceptable concentration units are g/m3 or PTB (lb/1000 bbl).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.11.
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Designation: D3230 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3230; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ap-
3.1.1 PTB—lb/1000 bbl.
proximate chloride (salts) concentration in crude oil.The range
of concentration covered is 0 to 500 mg/kg or 0 to 150
3.1.2 salts in crude oil—commonly, chlorides of sodium,
lb/1000 bbl as chloride concentration/volume of crude oil.
calcium, and magnesium dissolved in crude oil. Other inor-
ganic chlorides may also be present.
1.2 This test method measures conductivity in the crude oil
due to the presence of common chlorides, such as sodium,
4. Summary of Test Method
calcium, and magnesium. Other conductive materials may also
be present in the crude oil.
4.1 Thistestmethodmeasurestheconductivityofasolution
of crude oil in a mixed alcohol solvent when subjected to an
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
electrical stress.This test method measures conductivity due to
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
the presence of inorganic chlorides, and other conductive
standard.
3 material, in the crude oil. A homogenized test specimen is
1.3.1 Exception—Acceptable concentration units are g/m
dissolved in a mixed alcohol solvent and placed in a test cell
or PTB (lb/1000 bbl).
consisting of a beaker and a set of electrodes. A voltage is
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
impressed on the electrodes, and the resulting current flow is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
measured. The chloride (salt) content is obtained by reference
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to a calibration curve of current versus chloride concentration
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of known mixtures. Calibration curves are based on standards
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
prepared to approximate the type and concentration of chlo-
warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.11.
rides in the crude oils being tested.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 This test method is used to determine the approximate
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
chloride content of crude oils, a knowledge of which is
ration
important in deciding whether or not the crude oil needs
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
desalting. The efficiency of the process desalter can also be
D4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric
evaluated.
Karl Fischer Titration
5.2 Excessivechlorideleftinthecrudeoilfrequentlyresults
D5002 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
in higher corrosion rates in refining units and also has
Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
detrimental effects on catalysts used in these units.
5.3 This test method provides a rapid and convenient means
of determining the approximate content of chlorides in crude
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
oil and is useful to crude oil processors.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originally
6. Apparatus
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3230 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/D3230-13.
6.1 The apparatus (see AnnexA1) shall consist of a control
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
unit capable of producing and displaying several voltage levels
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
for applying stress to a set of electrodes suspended in a test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. beaker containing a test solution. The apparatus shall be
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D3230 − 13
capable of measuring and displaying the current (mA) con- 7.5 Calcium Chloride (CaCl ) Solution (10 g/L)—Transfer
2
ducted through the test solution between the electrodes at each 1.006 0.01 g of CaCl , or the equivalent weight
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3230 − 10 D3230 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3230; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the approximate chloride (salts) concentration in crude oil. The range of
concentration covered is 0 to 500 mg/kg or 0 to 150 lb/1000 bbl as chloride concentration/volume of crude oil.
1.2 This test method measures conductivity in the crude oil due to the presence of common chlorides, such as sodium, calcium,
and magnesium. Other conductive materials may also be present in the crude oil.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
3
1.3.1 Exception—Acceptable concentration units are g/m or PTB (lb/1000 bbl).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.11.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D5002 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 PTB—lb/1000 bbl.
3.1.2 salts in crude oil—commonly, chlorides of sodium, calcium, and magnesium dissolved in crude oil. Other inorganic
chlorides may also be present.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method measures the conductivity of a solution of crude oil in a mixed alcohol solvent when subjected to an
electrical stress. This test method measures conductivity due to the presence of inorganic chlorides, and other conductive material,
in the crude oil. A homogenized test specimen is dissolved in a mixed alcohol solvent and placed in a test cell consisting of a beaker
and a set of electrodes. A voltage is impressed on the electrodes, and the resulting current flow is measured. The chloride (salt)
content is obtained by reference to a calibration curve of current versus chloride concentration of known mixtures. Calibration
curves are based on standards prepared to approximate the type and concentration of chlorides in the crude oils being tested.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is used to determine the approximate chloride content of crude oils, a knowledge of which is important
in deciding whether or not the crude oil needs desalting. The efficiency of the process desalter can also be evaluated.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.03 on
Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010May 1, 2013. Published October 2010May 2013. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 as
D3230D3230 – 10.–09. DOI: 10.1520/D3230-10.10.1520/D3230-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3230 − 13
5.2 Excessive chloride left in the crude oil frequently results in higher corrosion rates in refining units and also has detrimental
effects on catalysts used in these units.
5.3 This test method provides a rapid and convenient means of determining the approximate content of chlorides in crude oil
and is useful to crude oil processors.
6. Apparatus
6.1 The apparatus (see Annex A1) shall consist of a control unit capable of producing and displaying several voltage levels for
applying stre
...
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