ASTM D5818-95(2000)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetics from a Test Section for Assessment of Installation Damage
Standard Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetics from a Test Section for Assessment of Installation Damage
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers standardized procedures for obtaining samples of geosynthetics from a test section for use in assessment of the effects of damage immediately after installation caused only by the installation techniques. The assessment may include physical testing. This practice is applicable to geotextiles, geomembranes, geogrids, geocomposites, geonets, and geosynthetic clay liners.
1.2 This practice is limited to full-scale field test sections, and does not address laboratory modeling of field conditions. This practice does not address which test method(s) to use for quantifying installation damage.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5818–95 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Practice for
Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetics from a Test Section for
Assessment of Installation Damage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5818; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope used for making statistical inferences about the population(s)
from which the specimens are drawn.
1.1 This practice covers standardized procedures for obtain-
3.1.3 test section, n—a distinct area of construction.
ing samples of geosynthetics from a test section for use in
3.1.4 Fordefinitionsofothergeosynthetictermsusedinthis
assessment of the effects of damage immediately after instal-
practice, refer to Terminology D 4439.
lation caused only by the installation techniques. The assess-
ment may include physical testing. This practice is applicable
4. Summary of Practice
to geotextiles, geomembranes, geogrids, geocomposites, geo-
4.1 Damage to geosynthetics from installation operations
nets, and geosynthetic clay liners.
may be quantified by evaluating specimens from a sample(s)
1.2 This practice is limited to full-scale field test sections,
exhumed from field installations. The sample(s) should be
and does not address laboratory modeling of field conditions.
installed under conditions that are representative or more
This practice does not address which test method(s) to use for
severe than those anticipated during construction of the par-
quantifying installation damage.
ticular earth structure under consideration. Addressed within
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
this practice are: area of geosynthetic sample(s) to install for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
testing; procedures for installing the geosynthetic sample(s);
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
procedures for exhuming the geosynthetic sample(s); proce-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
dure for obtaining control sample(s); and report preparation
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
guidelines. The sample(s) should be retrieved immediately
2. Referenced Documents after installation to minimize potential aging of the geosyn-
thetic. Comparison of test results on exhumed and control
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specimensmaybeusedtoassesseffectsofinstallation.Teststo
D 4439 Terminology for Geotextiles
perform are not addressed within, and will vary with type and
D 4873 Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of
function of geosynthetic and project requirements.
Geotextiles
5. Significance and Use
3. Terminology
5.1 The ability to maintain design function (for example,
3.1 Definitions:
reinforcement, separation, barrier, etc.) or design properties
3.1.1 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
(for example, tensile strength, chemical resistance, etc.), or
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
both, of a geosynthetic may be affected by damage to the
technical engineering-related material as an integral part of a
physical structure of the geosynthetic due to the rigors of field
man-made project, structure, or system.
installation. The effect of damage may be assessed by analyz-
3.1.2 sample, n—(1) a portion of material that is taken for
ing specimens cut from sample(s) retrieved from an installed
testing or for record purposes; (2) a group of specimens used,
representative test section. Analysis may be performed with
orofobservationsmade,whichprovideinformationthatcanbe
visual examination or laboratory testing of specimens from the
control sample(s), or both, and from the exhumed sample(s).
5.2 Auniform practice of installing and retrieving represen-
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-
tative sample(s) from a test section is needed to assess
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechanical
installation damage under particular site, specified, or project
Properties.
conditions, or both. Damage of a specific grade and type of
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1995. Published January 1996.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13. geosynthetic under specific installation procedures may be
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5818–95 (2000)
assessed with sample(s) exhumed from a test section on the ences in control and exhumed specimen properties due to
project site, or on a representative site. inherent product variability.
6.3.3 The positions of the test specimens on the control
6. Procedure
sample, relative to roll edge, must correspond identically with
6.1 Objective—Geosynthetic and soil placement techniques
the positions of the exhumed sample.
shall model the methods anticipated during construction. The
6.3.4 Theamount,orarea,ofcontrolsample(s)geosynthetic
modeled methods should address specified or anticipated
toberetrievedshallbeequaltotheareaofexhumedsample(s),
installation techniques, whichever is most severe. An addi-
as defined in 6.2.1.
tional test section may be used to assess worst case (for
6.4 Installation Procedure:
example, overcompaction, thin lift heights, greater drop
6.4.1 Thesoilsubgradeonwhichthegeosynthetic(s)willbe
heights, etc.) installation techniques and fill material.
placed shall be constructed to specified conditions of soil type,
6.2 Exhumed Sample:
moisture content and compaction. Construction equipment
6.2.1 The amount, or area, of geosynthetic to install in or to
used in subgrade preparation should be the same as that to be
retrievefromatestsectionisafunctionofthetypeandnumber
used in construction of the earth structure. The geosynthetic
of laboratory tests to be conducted for assessment of damage,
should be installed to simulate the specified or anticipated
geosynthetic roll width, and the number of installation condi-
project installation methods, whichever is most severe.
tions being modelled. An area of material equal to or greater
6.4.2 The material to be placed above the geosynthetic
than 60 times the cumulative laboratory test specimen size is
under investigation will typically be a soil or rock fill, or
recommended for each laboratory test to be conducted. This
another geosynthetic material(s) with soil then placed upon it.
number anticipates up to 20 tests on representative specimens
In the case of another geosynthetic, it also shall be placed
and a usage rate of one-third of retrieved material. A total
under anticipated field conditions.
geosynthetic area equal to or greater than the sum of areas
required (60 times the specimen size) for each type of test
NOTE 1—In certain situations, such as multiple layer installations,
movement of individual layers in test sections may occur. Care should be
should be installed for each set of installation conditions. A
taken to ensure that stress and potential slippage conditions in the test
minimum area of 10 m , with a length at least 50 % of the roll
sections simulate project conditions, as closely as possible.
width, of geosynthetic should be used. Full geosynthetic roll
width(s) should be used in test sections.
6.4.3 Fill placement above the geosynthetic shall model
6.2.2 The exhumed test sample should be marked prior to
expected field conditions. Construction equipment used in fill
installation, or a template made, showing the exact location
placementshouldbethesameasthattobeusedinconstruction
where specimens for testing are to be obtained. Machine and
of the earth structure. Equipment shall be operated (for
transverse machine direction of specimens shall be designated.
example, initial fill lift height) under anticipated project con-
Designation of specimen locations is recommended to elimi-
ditions.
nate potential bias in specimen selection after the geosynthetic
6.4.4 Fill spreading into lifts above the geosynthetic shall
has been damaged. Alternate areas may also be designated in
model expected field conditions. Construction equipment used
the event the primary specimen area is damaged by exhuma-
infillspreadingshouldbethesameasthatusedinconstruction
tion.
of the earth structure. Equipment shall be operated under
6.2.3 The geosynthetic being investigated may be designed
anticipated project conditions.
tobeinstalleddirectlyontopofsoilorrockfill,ortobeplaced
6.4.5 Fill lift compaction above the geosynthetic shall
above another base layer of geosynthetic.
model expected field conditions. Construction equipment used
6.3 Control Sample:
in soil compaction should be the same as that used in
6.3.1 Original (un-installed) sample(s) of the geosynthetic
constructionoftheearthstructure.Equipmentshallbeoperated
beinginvestigatedshallberetrievedfromth
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