ASTM E2347-05

Standard Test Method for Indentation Softening Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to materials that soften upon heating to a modulus less than 6.0 MPa. This test method describes the determination of the temperature at which the specific modulus of either 6.65 (Method A) or 33.3 MPa (Method B) (equivalent to Test Method D 1525) of a test specimen is realized by indentation measurement using a thermomechanical analyzer as the test specimen is heated. This temperature is identified as the indentation softening temperature. The test may be performed over the temperature range of ambient to 300C.
Note 1—This test method is intended to provide results similar to those of Test Method D 1525 but is performed on a thermomechanical analyzer using a smaller diameter indenting probe. Equivalence of results to those obtained by Test Method D 1525 has been demonstrated on a limited number of materials. Until the user demonstrates equivalence, the results of this Test Method shall be considered to be independent and unrelated to those of Test Method D 1525.
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl cellulose, poly (vinyl chloride), poly (vinylidene chloride) and other materials having a large measurement imprecision (see Test Method D 1525 and sections and ).
1.3 Electronic instrumentation or automated data analysis and reduction systems or treatments equivalent to this test method may be used.
Note 2—Since all electronic data treatments are not equivalent, the user shall verify equivalency to this test method.
1.4 SI values are the standard.
1.5 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2005
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.10 - Fundamental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E2347-04 - Standard Test Method for Indentation Softening Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM E2347-11 - Standard Test Method for Indentation Softening Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2347–05
Standard Test Method for
Indentation Softening Temperature by Thermomechanical
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2347; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method is applicable to materials that soften 2.1 ASTM Standards:
upon heating to a modulus less than 6.0 MPa. This test method D1525 Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of
describes the determination of the temperature at which the Plastics
specific modulus of either 6.65 (Method A) or 33.3 MPa E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
(Method B) (equivalent to Test Method D1525) of a test ology
specimen is realized by indentation measurement using a E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
thermomechanical analyzer as the test specimen is heated.This E1363 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Ther-
temperature is identified as the indentation softening tempera- momechanical Analyzers
ture. The test may be performed over the temperature range of E2113 Test Method for Length Change Calibration of
ambient to 300 °C. Thermomechanical Analyzers
E2206 Test Method for Force Calibration Of Thermomech-
NOTE 1—Thistestmethodisintendedtoprovideresultssimilartothose
nical Analyzers
of Test Method D1525 but is performed on a thermomechanical analyzer
using a smaller diameter indenting probe. Equivalence of results to those
3. Terminology
obtained by Test Method D1525 has been demonstrated on a limited
number of materials. Until the user demonstrates equivalence, the results
3.1 Definitions—Specific technical terms used in this stan-
of thisTest Method shall be considered to be independent and unrelated to
dard are defined in Terminologies E473 and E1142.
those of Test Method D1525.
3.1.1 penetration softening temperature, [°C] , n—the tem-
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl cellu- perature at which a test specimen has a modulus of either 6.65
lose,poly(vinylchloride),poly(vinylidenechloride)andother or 33.3 MPa as measured in penetration.
materials having a large measurement imprecision (see Test
4. Summary of Test Method
Method D1525 and sections 5.3 and 14.1.2).
4.1 The modulus of a material may be determined by the
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this indentation (penetration) of a circular, flat tipped probe. The
relationship between modulus of a material (stress divided by
standard.
1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method. strain) and penetration depth is given by:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E 5 3 F / ~4Dd! (1)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
where:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E = modulus, MPa,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
F = force, N,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D = diameter of a circular, flat tipped probe, mm, and
d = penetration depth, mm.
2
NOTE 2—Note the identity Pa=N/m
4.2 Some materials soften upon heating. For such materials,
the modulus may be determined by penetration as the sample
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E37 onThermal
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Funda-
2
mental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E2347 – 04. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E2347-05. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E2347–05
is heated. This test method identifies the temperature at which 1.0 mm in diameter, free of burrs and be perpendicular to the
the modulus of the specimen is determined to be 6.65 MPa axis of the probe. The tip shall protrude at least 0.1 mm from
(Method A) or 33.3 MPa (Method B). the end of the probe.
4.3 Specifically, a test specimen is tested in penetration
6.1.3 Deflection Sensing Element, having a linear output
using a circular, flat tipped probe.Aknown stress is applied to
overaminimumrangeof5mmtomeasurethedisplacementof
the center of a test specimen as it is heated at a c
...