ASTM D3382-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Energy and Integrated Charge Transfer Due to Partial Discharges (Corona) Using Bridge Techniques
Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Energy and Integrated Charge Transfer Due to Partial Discharges (Corona) Using Bridge Techniques
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods are useful in research and quality control for evaluating insulating materials and systems since they provide for the measurement of charge transfer and energy loss due to partial discharges(4) (5) (6).
5.2 Pulse measurements of partial discharges indicate the magnitude of individual discharges. However, if there are numerous discharges per cycle it is occasionally important to know their charge sum, since this sum is related to the total volume of internal gas spaces that are discharging, if it is assumed that the gas cavities are simple capacitances in series with the capacitances of the solid dielectrics (7) (8).
5.3 Internal (cavity-type) discharges are mainly of the pulse (spark-type) with rapid rise times or the pseudoglow-type with long rise times, depending upon the discharge governing parameters existing within the cavity. If the rise times of the pseudoglow discharges are too long , they will evade detection by pulse detectors as covered in Test Method D1868. However, both the pseudoglow discharges irrespective of the length of their rise time as well as pulseless glow are readily measured either by Method A or B of Test Methods D3382.
5.4 Pseudoglow discharges have been observed to occur in air, particularly when a partially conducting surface is involved. It is possible that such partially conducting surfaces will develop with polymers that are exposed to partial discharges for sufficiently long periods to accumulate acidic degradation products. Also in some applications, like turbogenerators, where a low molecular weight gas such as hydrogen is used as a coolant, it is possible that pseudoglow discharges will develop.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover two bridge techniques for measuring the energy and integrated charge of pulse and pseudoglow partial discharges:
1.2 Test Method A makes use of capacitance and loss characteristics such as measured by the transformer ratio-arm bridge or the high-voltage Schering bridge (Test Methods D150). Test Method A has been found useful to obtain the integrated charge transfer and energy loss due to partial discharges in a dielectric from the measured increase in capacitance and tan δ with voltage. (See also IEEE 286 and IEEE 1434)
1.3 Test Method B makes use of a somewhat different bridge circuit, identified as a charge-voltage-trace (parallelogram) technique, which indicates directly on an oscilloscope the integrated charge transfer and the magnitude of the energy loss due to partial discharges.
1.4 Both test methods are intended to supplement the measurement and detection of pulse-type partial discharges as covered by Test Method D1868, by measuring the sum of both pulse and pseudoglow discharges per cycle in terms of their charge and energy.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precaution statements are given in Section 7.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3382 − 22
Standard Test Methods for
Measurement of Energy and Integrated Charge Transfer Due
1
to Partial Discharges (Corona) Using Bridge Techniques
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3382; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 These test methods cover two bridge techniques for 2.1 ASTM Standards:
measuring the energy and integrated charge of pulse and D150Test Methods forAC Loss Characteristics and Permit-
pseudoglow partial discharges: tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
D1711Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
1.2 Test Method A makes use of capacitance and loss
D1868Test Method for Detection and Measurement of
characteristics such as measured by the transformer ratio-arm
Partial Discharge (Corona) Pulses in Evaluation of Insu-
bridge or the high-voltage Schering bridge (Test Methods
lation Systems
D150). Test Method A has been found useful to obtain the
3
2.2 IEEE Documents
integrated charge transfer and energy loss due to partial
discharges in a dielectric from the measured increase in IEEE 286 Recommended Practice for Measurement of
Power Factor and Power Factor Tip-up for Rotating
capacitance and tan δ with voltage. (See also IEEE 286 and
IEEE 1434) Machine Stator Coil Insulation
IEEE 1434Guide to the Measurement of Partial Discharges
1.3 Test Method B makes use of a somewhat different
in Rotating Machinery
bridge circuit, identified as a charge-voltage-trace (parallelo-
IEEE C57.113Guide for PD Measurements in Liquid-Filled
gram) technique, which indicates directly on an oscilloscope
Power Transformers
the integrated charge transfer and the magnitude of the energy
IEEE Standard C57.124Recommended Practice for the
loss due to partial discharges.
DetectionofPDandtheMeasurementofApparentCharge
1.4 Both test methods are intended to supplement the
in Dry-Type Transformers
measurement and detection of pulse-type partial discharges as
4
2.3 AEIC Documents
covered byTest Method D1868, by measuring the sum of both
AEIC T-24-380Guide for Partial Discharge Procedure
pulse and pseudoglow discharges per cycle in terms of their
AEIC CS5-87Specifications for Thermoplastic and Cross-
charge and energy.
linked Polyethylene Insulated Shielded Power Cables
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Rated 5 through 35 kV, 9th Edition, 1987
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1 Definitions:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 pseudoglow discharge, n—a type of partial discharge,
Specific precaution statements are given in Section 7.
whichtakesplacewithinanexpandeddischargechannelandis
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
characterized by pulses of relatively low magnitude and long
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
rise time.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Pseudoglow discharges occur within a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
diffused discharge channel, whose emitted glow fills the entire
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of the ASTM website.
3
Subcommittee D09.12 on Electrical Tests. Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2022. Published February 2022. Originally 445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, http://www.ieee.org.
4
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D3382–13. DOI: Available from The Association of Edison Illuminating Companies (AEIC),
10.1520/D3382-22. 600 N. 18th St, Birmingham, AL 35291, www.aeic.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Uni
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3382 − 13 D3382 − 22
Standard Test Methods for
Measurement of Energy and Integrated Charge Transfer Due
1
to Partial Discharges (Corona) Using Bridge Techniques
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3382; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover two bridge techniques for measuring the energy and integrated charge of pulse and pseudoglow
partial discharges:
1.2 Test Method A makes use of capacitance and loss characteristics such as measured by the transformer ratio-arm bridge or the
high-voltage Schering bridge (Test Methods D150). Test Method A can be used has been found useful to obtain the integrated
charge transfer and energy loss due to partial discharges in a dielectric from the measured increase in capacitance and tan δ with
voltage. (See also IEEE 286 and IEEE 1434)
1.3 Test Method B makes use of a somewhat different bridge circuit, identified as a charge-voltage-trace (parallelogram)
technique, which indicates directly on an oscilloscope the integrated charge transfer and the magnitude of the energy loss due to
partial discharges.
1.4 Both test methods are intended to supplement the measurement and detection of pulse-type partial discharges as covered by
Test Method D1868, by measuring the sum of both pulse and pseudoglow discharges per cycle in terms of their charge and energy.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precaution statements are given in Section 7.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
D1868 Test Method for Detection and Measurement of Partial Discharge (Corona) Pulses in Evaluation of Insulation Systems
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D09.12 on Electrical Tests.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013Jan. 1, 2022. Published December 2013February 2022. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20072013
as D3382 – 07.D3382 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D3382-13.10.1520/D3382-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3382 − 22
3
2.2 IEEE Documents
IEEE 286 Recommended Practice for Measurement of Power Factor and Power Factor Tip-up for Rotating Machine Stator Coil
Insulation
IEEE 1434 Guide to the Measurement of Partial Discharges in Rotating Machinery
IEEE C57.113 Guide for PD Measurements in Liquid-Filled Power Transformers
IEEE Standard C57.124 Recommended Practice for the Detection of PD and the Measurement of Apparent Charge in Dry-Type
Transformers
4
2.3 AEIC Documents
AEIC T-24-380 Guide for Partial Discharge Procedure
AEIC CS5-87 Specifications for Thermoplastic and Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Shielded Power Cables Rated 5 through
35 kV, 9th Edition, 1987
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 pseudoglow discharge, n—a type of partial discharge, which takes place within an expanded discharge channel and is
characterized by pulses of relatively low magnitude and long rise time.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Pseudoglow discharges occur within a diffused discharge channel, whose e
...
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