ASTM D4737-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation
Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation is useful for estimating ASTM cetane number when a test engine is not available for determining this property directly and when cetane improver is not used. It may be conveniently employed for estimating cetane number when the quantity of sample available is too small for an engine rating. In cases where the ASTM cetane number of a fuel has been previously established, the Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation is useful as a cetane number check on subsequent batches of that fuel, provided the fuel’source and mode of manufacture remain unchanged.
Within the range from 32.5 to 56.5 cetane number, the expected error of prediction of Procedure A of the Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation will be less than ±2 cetane numbers for 65 % of the distillate fuels evaluated. Errors may be greater for fuels whose properties fall outside the recommended range of application.
SCOPE
DESIG: D4737 03 ^TITLE: Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation ^
1.1 The calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation provides a means for estimating the ASTM cetane number (Test Method D 613) of distillate fuels from density and distillation recovery temperature measurements. The value computed from the equation is termed the Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation.
1.2 The Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation is not an optional method for expressing ASTM cetane number. It is a supplementary tool for estimating cetane number when a result by Test Method D 613 is not available and if cetane improver is not used. As a supplementary tool, the Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable equation must be used with due regard for its limitations.
1.3 Procedure A is to be used for Specification D 975, Grades No. 1-D Low Sulfur, No. 1-D, No. 2-D, and No. 4-D. This method for estimating cetane number was developed by Chevron Research Co. Procedure A is based on a data set including a relatively small number of No. 1-D fuels. Test Method D 4737 may be less applicable to No.1-D, No. 1-D Low Sulfur and No. 4-D grades than to No. 2-D grade.
1.4 Procedure B is to be used for Specification D 975, Grade No. 2-D Low Sulfur.
1.5 The test method "Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation" is particularly applicable to Grade 1-D, Grade No. 1-D Low Sulfur and Grade 2-D diesel fuel oils containing straight-run and cracked stocks, and their blends. It can also be used for heavier fuels with 90 % recovery points less than 382C and for fuels containing derivatives from oil sands and oil shale.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4737–04
Standard Test Method for
1
Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4737; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 The calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation 2.1 ASTM Standards:
provides a means for estimating the ASTM cetane number D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
(Test Method D613) of distillate fuels from density and Atmospheric Pressure
distillation recovery temperature measurements. The value D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
computed from the equation is termed the Calculated Cetane D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
Index by Four Variable Equation. D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
1.2 The Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
isnotanoptionalmethodforexpressingASTMcetanenumber. Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
It is a supplementary tool for estimating cetane number when D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of
a result by Test Method D613 is not available and if cetane Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
improver is not used. As a supplementary tool, the Calculated D4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
Cetane Index by Four Variable equation must be used with due Liquids by Digital Density Meter
regard for its limitations.
3. Summary of Test Method
1.3 Procedure A is to be used for Specification D975,
Grades No. 1–D Low Sulfur, No. 1–D, No. 2–D, and No. 4–D. 3.1 Two correlations in SI units have been established
between the ASTM cetane number and the density and 10 %,
This method for estimating cetane number was developed by
2
Chevron Research Co. Procedure A is based on a data set 50 %, and 90 % distillation recovery temperatures of the fuel.
Procedure A has been developed for diesel fuels meeting the
including a relatively small number of No. 1–D fuels. Test
Method D4737 may be less applicable to No.1–D, No. 1–D requirements of Specification D975 Grades 1-D Low Sulfur,
Nos. 1-D, 2-D, and 4-D. The relationship is given by the
Low Sulfur and No. 4–D grades than to No. 2–D grade.
1.4 Procedure B is to be used for Specification D975, Grade following equation.
No. 2–D Low Sulfur.
CCI 5 45.2 1 0.0892! T ! 1 [0.131 1 0.901! B! T (1)
~ ~ ~ ~ #@ #
10N 50N
1.5 The test method “Calculated Cetane Index by Four
1 [0.0523 2 ~0.420!~B!#@T # (1)
90N
Variable Equation” is particularly applicable to Grade 1-D,
2 2
1 [0.00049]@~T ! 2 ~T ! # (1)
Grade No. 1–D Low Sulfur and Grade 2-D diesel fuel oils
10N 90N
containing straight-run and cracked stocks, and their blends. It 2
1 ~107!~B! 1 ~60!~B! (1)
can also be used for heavier fuels with 90 % recovery points
less than 382°C and for fuels containing derivatives from oil where:
CCI = Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equa-
sands and oil shale.
tion,
1.6
D = Density at 15°C, g/mL determined by Test Meth-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ods D1298 or D4052,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
DN = D - 0.85,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(-3.5)(DN)
B =[e ]-1,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
T = 10 % recovery temperature, °C, determined by
10
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Test Method D86 and corrected to standard baro-
metric pressure,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
T =T - 215,
10N 10
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originally
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4737 – 03. DOI:
3
10.1520/D4737-04. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
2
Ingham, M. C., et al., “Improved Predictive Equations for Cetane Number,” contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
SAE Paper No 860250, Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Common- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
wealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4737–04
Partial Least Squares technique. A 2-principal component
T = 50 % recovery te
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.