ASTM D1169-19a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating Liquids
Standard Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating Liquids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The resistivity of a liquid is a measure of its electrical insulating properties under conditions comparable to those of the test. High resistivity reflects low content of free ions and ion-forming particles, and normally indicates a low concentration of conductive contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific resistance (resistivity) applied to new electrical insulating liquids, as well as to liquids in service, or subsequent to service, in cables, transformers, circuit breakers, and other electrical apparatus.
1.2 This test method covers a procedure for making referee tests with dc potential.
1.3 When it is desired to make routine determinations requiring less accuracy, certain modifications to this test method are permitted as described in Sections 19 – 26.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 17.4.3 for a specific warning statement.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1169 −19a
Standard Test Method for
Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating
1
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1169; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
D257Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of
1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific
Insulating Materials
resistance (resistivity) applied to new electrical insulating
D923Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
liquids, as well as to liquids in service, or subsequent to
D924Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)
service, in cables, transformers, circuit breakers, and other
and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-
electrical apparatus.
cal Insulating Liquids
1.2 This test method covers a procedure for making referee
D2864Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liq-
tests with dc potential.
uids and Gases
1.3 When it is desired to make routine determinations
requiring less accuracy, certain modifications to this test 3. Terminology
method are permitted as described in Sections19–26.
3.1 Definitions – Definitions of terms used in this test
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
method are given in Terminology D2864.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4. Significance and Use
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The resistivity of a liquid is a measure of its electrical
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
insulating properties under conditions comparable to those of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the test. High resistivity reflects low content of free ions and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
ion-forming particles, and normally indicates a low concentra-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tion of conductive contaminants.
See 17.4.3 for a specific warning statement.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. General Considerations
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 Theory and measuring equipment pertaining to this
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
method shall be in accordance with Test Methods D257.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.2 Where both ac loss characteristic (dissipation factor or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
power factor) and resistivity measurements are to be made
consecutivelyonthesamespecimen,maketheacmeasurement
2. Referenced Documents
before applying the dc potential to the specimen, and short
2
circuit the cell electrodes for 1 min immediately prior to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
making the resistivity measurements.
D150Test Methods forAC Loss Characteristics and Permit-
5.3 Make referee tests for resistivity in an atmosphere of
less than 50% relative humidity. For repeatable results make
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
these tests under carefully controlled atmospheric conditions.
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee D27.05 on Electrical Test.
5.4 Aside from the adverse influence of contamination on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published October 2019. Originally
results of the resistivity test, there are other factors that can
approved in 1951 as D1169–51T. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as
D1169–19. DOI: 10.1520/D1169-19A.
contribute to variations in the test results as follows:
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.4.1 Theuseofaninstrumentnothavinganadequaterange
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
foraccuratelymeasuringthecurrentflowinginthecircuit.(See
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Section 6 for two types of recommended instruments.)
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1169 − 19a
5.4.2 When the time of electrification is not exactly the 6.1.3 Time-MeasuringDevice,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1169 − 19 D1169 − 19a
Standard Test Method for
Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating
1
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1169; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific resistance (resistivity) applied to new electrical insulating liquids, as
well as to liquids in service, or subsequent to service, in cables, transformers, circuit breakers, and other electrical apparatus.
1.2 This test method covers a procedure for making referee tests with dc potential.
1.3 When it is desired to make routine determinations requiring less accuracy, certain modifications to this test method are
permitted as described in Sections 19 – 26.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. See 17.4.3 for a specific warning statement.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
D257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical
Insulating Liquids
D2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions – Definitions of terms used in this test method are given in Terminology D2864.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The resistivity of a liquid is a measure of its electrical insulating properties under conditions comparable to those of the test.
High resistivity reflects low content of free ions and ion-forming particles, and normally indicates a low concentration of
conductive contaminants.
5. General Considerations
5.1 Theory and measuring equipment pertaining to this method shall be in accordance with Test Methods D257.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D27.05
on Electrical Test.
Current edition approved April 1, 2019Oct. 1, 2019. Published May 2019October 2019. Originally approved in 1951 as D1169 – 51 T. Last previous edition approved in
20112019 as D1169 – 11.D1169 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/D1169-19.10.1520/D1169-19A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1169 − 19a
5.2 Where both ac loss characteristic (dissipation factor or power factor) and resistivity measurements are to be made
consecutively on the same specimen, make the ac measurement before applying the dc potential to the specimen, and short circuit
the cell electrodes for 1 min immediately prior to making the resistivity measurements.
5.3 Make referee tests for resistivity in an atmosphere of less than 50 % relative humidity. For repeatable results make these
tests under carefully controlled atmospheric conditions.
5.4 Aside from the adverse influence of contamination on results of the resistivity test, there are other factors that can contribute
to variations in the test results as follows:
5.4.1 The use of an instrument not having an adequa
...
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