ASTM D2394-17

Standard Test Methods for Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Based Finish Flooring

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The test methods presented herein are intended to provide both a factual and comparative means of appraising the suitability of finish flooring. The procedures developed simulate some conditions of use that may require either maintenance beyond that considered normal or replacement of the floor surface material.  
3.2 It is important for some of the evaluations that the substrate to be used beneath the finish flooring be duplicated because the type and degree of support will have a direct influence on the value obtained from test. For example, in some present-day construction, low-density materials are used for sound-deadening immediately below the finish flooring. The way this substrate distributes loading and absorbs energy will have an influence on evaluations such as those in rolling and concentrated loads.  
3.3 The test methods presented herein may be used to compare different finish floorings as to their resistance to severe and ordinary service loads and also may serve as the means to set specification limits. The properties obtained by these test methods are needed in addition to such basic material properties as stiffness, strength, hardness, and dimensional stability.  
3.4 All tests may not be required for any specific investigation. There may be an interrelation between two tests, and when it has been demonstrated what the interrelation is, a complete evaluation is only required as a final stage of a study. In each instance, therefore, it is necessary to determine which evaluations shall be made to fulfill the objectives.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring the performance of finish flooring under the following service loadings and conditions:    
Section  
Loading Tests  
Concentrated Loading  
7  
Floor Surface Indentation from Small Area Loads  
12  
Falling-Ball Indentation  
18  
Rolling Load  
23  
Mechanical Tests  
Abrasion Resistance  
28  
Coefficient of Friction  
33  
Moisture Tests  
Surface Wetting  
38  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2017
• ICS: 79.020 - Wood technology processes
• ICS: 79.080 - Semi-manufactures of timber
• Technical Committee: D07 - Wood
• Drafting Committee: D07.01 - Fundamental Test Methods and Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2394 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Based Finish
1
Flooring
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2394; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
E72 Test Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Panels
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring the
for Building Construction
performance of finish flooring under the following service
loadings and conditions:
3. Significance and Use
Section
Loading Tests
3.1 The test methods presented herein are intended to
Concentrated Loading 7
providebothafactualandcomparativemeansofappraisingthe
Floor Surface Indentation from Small Area Loads 12
suitability of finish flooring. The procedures developed simu-
Falling-Ball Indentation 18
Rolling Load 23
late some conditions of use that may require either mainte-
Mechanical Tests
nance beyond that considered normal or replacement of the
Abrasion Resistance 28
floor surface material.
Coefficient of Friction 33
Moisture Tests
3.2 It is important for some of the evaluations that the
Surface Wetting 38
substrate to be used beneath the finish flooring be duplicated
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
because the type and degree of support will have a direct
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
influenceonthevalueobtainedfromtest.Forexample,insome
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
present-day construction, low-density materials are used for
and are not considered standard.
sound-deadening immediately below the finish flooring. The
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
way this substrate distributes loading and absorbs energy will
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
have an influence on evaluations such as those in rolling and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
concentrated loads.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.3 The test methods presented herein may be used to
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
compare different finish floorings as to their resistance to
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
severe and ordinary service loads and also may serve as the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
means to set specification limits. The properties obtained by
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
thesetestmethodsareneededinadditiontosuchbasicmaterial
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
properties as stiffness, strength, hardness, and dimensional
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
stability.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.4 All tests may not be required for any specific investiga-
tion. There may be an interrelation between two tests, and
2. Referenced Documents
when it has been demonstrated what the interrelation is, a
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
complete evaluation is only required as a final stage of a study.
D1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-
In each instance, therefore, it is necessary to determine which
evaluations shall be made to fulfill the objectives.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on
4. Test Specimens
Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental
Test Methods and Properties.
4.1 The number of specimens to be chosen for test and the
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally
method of their selection depend on the variability of the finish
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D2394 – 05 (2011).
DOI: 10.1520/D2394-17.
flooring material and on the purpose of the particular tests
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
under consideration, so no general rule can be given to cover
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
all instances. It is recommended that, whenever possible,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. sufficient replications be made to establish reliable mean
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2394 − 17
values. Even for the most simple evaluation, a replication of
three tests for each property is recommended.
5. Control of Moisture Content and Temperature
5.1 Wood and wood-based mat
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2394 − 05 (Reapproved 2011) D2394 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-BaseWood-
1
Based Finish Flooring
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2394; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring the performance of finish flooring under the following service loadings
and conditions:
Section
Loading Tests
Concentrated Loading 7
Floor Surface Indentation from Small Area Loads 12
Falling-Ball Indentation 18
Rolling Load 23
Mechanical Tests
Abrasion Resistance 28
Coefficient of Friction 33
Moisture Tests
Surface Wetting 38
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
E72 Test Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Panels for Building Construction
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The test methods presented herein are intended to provide both a factual and comparative means of appraising the suitability
of finish flooring. The procedures developed simulate some conditions of use that may require either maintenance beyond that
considered normal or replacement of the floor surface material.
3.2 It is important for some of the evaluations that the substrate to be used beneath the finish flooring be duplicated because
the type and degree of support will have a direct influence on the value obtained from test. For example, in some present-day
construction, low-density materials are used for sound-deadening immediately below the finish flooring. The way this substrate
distributes loading and absorbs energy will have an influence on evaluations such as those in rolling and concentrated loads.
3.3 The test methods presented herein may be used to compare different finish floorings as to their resistance to severe and
ordinary service loads and also may serve as the means to set specification limits. The properties obtained by these test methods
are needed in addition to such basic material properties as stiffness, strength, hardness, and dimensional stability.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental Test Methods
and Properties.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011Aug. 1, 2017. Published March 2011August 2017. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
D2394 – 05.D2394 – 05 (2011). DOI: 10.1520/D2394-05R11.10.1520/D2394-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2394 − 17
3.4 Not all test may All tests may not be required for any specific investigation. There may be an interrelation between two tests,
and when it has been demonstrated what the interrelation is, a complete evaluation willis only be required as a final stage of a study.
In each instance, therefore, it will be is necessary to determine which evaluations shouldshall be made to fulfill the objectives.
4. Test Specimens
4.1 The number of specimens to be chosen for test and the method of their selection depend on the variabilit
...