ASTM D6890-12a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ID and DCN values determined by this test method can provide a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel oil in compression ignition engines.
5.2 This test can be used by engine manufacturers, petroleum refiners and marketers, and in commerce as a specification aid to relate or match fuels and engines.
5.3 The relationship of diesel fuel oil DCN determinations to the performance of full-scale, variable-speed, variable-load diesel engines is not completely understood.
5.4 This test may be applied to non-conventional fuels. It is recognized that the performance of non-conventional fuels in full-scale engines is not completely understood. The user is therefore cautioned to investigate the suitability of ignition characteristic measurements for predicting performance in full-scale engines for these types of fuels.
5.5 This test determines ignition characteristics and requires a sample of approximately 100 mL and a test time of approximately 20 min on a fit-for-use instrument.
SCOPE
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of ASTM Specification D975 grades No. 1-D and 2-D regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.6-2000. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel blending components.
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay and utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection into heated, compressed air. An equation correlates an ignition delay determination to cetane number by Test Method D613, resulting in a derived cetane number (DCN).
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from 3.1 to 6.5 ms (64 to 33 DCN). The combustion analyzer can measure shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may be affected. For these shorter or longer ignition delays the correlation equation for DCN is given in Appendix X2. There is no information about how DCNs outside the 33 to 64 range compare to Test Method D613 cetane numbers.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6890 − 12a
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number
(DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant
1,2
Volume Chamber
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quan-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
titative determination of the ignition characteristics of conven-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
containingbiodieselmaterial,dieselfueloilscontainingcetane
number improver additives, and is applicable to products
2. Referenced Documents
typical ofASTM Specification D975 grades No. 1-D and 2-D
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN
D613Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.6-2000.
D975Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
The test method may also be applied to the quantitative
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
blending components.
Petroleum Products
1.2 Thistestmethodmeasurestheignitiondelayandutilizes
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injec-
Products, and Lubricants
tion into heated, compressed air. An equation correlates an
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
ignition delay determination to cetane number byTest Method
Petroleum Products
D613, resulting in a derived cetane number (DCN).
D5854Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from
3.1 to 6.5 ms (64 to 33 DCN). The combustion analyzer can D6299Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
measure shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may
be affected. For these shorter or longer ignition delays the Measurement System Performance
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
correlation equation for DCN is given in Appendix X2. There
is no information about how DCNs outside the 33 to 64 range Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
Lubricants
compare to Test Method D613 cetane numbers.
D6708Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
standard.
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
1
ISO4010DieselEngines—CalibratingNozzle,DelayPintle
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
Type
D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published March 2013. Originally
3
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6890–12. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/D6890-12A. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
This test method is based on IP PM CQ/2001, published in the IP Standard Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Petroleum and Related Products and British the ASTM website.
4
Standard 2000 Parts. Copyrighted by Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, AvailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,25W.43rdSt.,4thfloor,
London, W1G 7AR, UK. Adapted with permission of Energy Institute. New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6890 − 12a
ISO 4259Petroleum products—Determination and applica- sample integrity, and is available in sufficient quantity for
tion of precision data in relation to methods of test repeated, long term testing. D6299
2.3 EN Standard:
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
EN590AutomotiveFuels—Die
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6890 − 12 D6890 − 12a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number
(DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant
1,2
Volume Chamber
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional
diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number
improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of ASTM Specification D975 grades No. 1-D and 2-D regular and
low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.6-2000. The test method
may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel blending components.
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay and utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection
into heated, compressed air. An equation correlates an ignition delay determination to cetane number by Test Method D613,
resulting in a derived cetane number (DCN).
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from 3.1 to 6.5 ms (64 to 33 DCN). The combustion analyzer can measure
shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may be affected. For these shorter or longer ignition delays the correlation equation
for DCN is given in Appendix X2. There is no information about how DCNs outside the 33 to 64 range compare to Test Method
D613 cetane numbers.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.01 on
Combustion Characteristics.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2012. Published July 2012March 2013. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 as
D6890–11b.–12. DOI: 10.1520/D6890-12.10.1520/D6890-12A.
2
This test method is based on IP PM CQ/2001, published in the IP Standard Methods for Analysis and Testing of Petroleum and Related Products and British Standard
2000 Parts. Copyrighted by Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, London, W1G 7AR, UK. Adapted with permission of Energy Institute.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6890 − 12a
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 4010 Diesel Engines—Calibrating Nozzle, Delay Pintle Type
ISO 4259 P
...
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