ASTM D1640-03(2009)

Standard Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are used to determine the various stages and rates of drying, curing, and film formation of organic coatings for the purpose of comparing types of coatings or ingredient changes, or both. This is significant in the development of organic coatings for various end uses and also for production quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the various stages and rates of film formation in the drying or curing of organic coatings normally used under conditions of ambient room temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2009
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1640-03 - Standard Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7733-12(2021) - Standard Specification for Acrylic Dispersion Ground
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5098-16(2021) - Standard Specification for Artists' Acrylic Dispersion Paints
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D3322-23 - Standard Practice for Testing Primers and Primer Surfacers Over Preformed Metal
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7514-14(2022) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Ink Stainblocking of Architectural Paint Systems by Visual Assessment
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D4302-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Artists’ Oil, Resin-Oil, and Alkyd Paints
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5895-20 - Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Drying or Curing During Film Formation of Organic Coatings Using Mechanical Recorders
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM C647-19 - Standard Guide to Properties and Tests of Mastics and Coating Finishes for Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D2454-23 - Standard Practice for Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6763-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Exterior Wood Stains and Clear Water Repellents
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7539-10(2020) - Standard Practice for Using a Test Chamber for Humidity Conditioning of Test Panels of Pavement Marking Paints
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F940-99(2019)e1 - Standard Practice for Quality Control Receipt Inspection Procedures for Protective Coatings (Paint), Used in Marine Construction and Shipbuilding
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D564-87(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Liquid Paint Driers
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5146-10(2019) - Standard Guide to Testing Solvent-Borne Architectural Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1640 − 03 (Reapproved2009)
Standard Test Methods for
Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at
1
Room Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1640; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Coatings and Recommended Film Thicknesses
4.1 Whenever tests are to be performed on coatings not
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
listed in Table 1, there should be a prior agreement between the
various stages and rates of film formation in the drying or
purchaser and seller as to the substrate, film thickness, and
curing of organic coatings normally used under conditions of
application method for testing the specific coating involved.
ambient room temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5. Test Conditions
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5.1 Conduct all drying tests in a well-ventilated room or
only.
chamber, free from direct drafts, dust, products of combustion,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
laboratory fumes and under diffused light (see 5.4). Make all
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
measurements at a temperature of 23 6 2°C and 50 6 5%
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
relative humidity with the coated panels in a horizontal
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
position while drying.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Tests should be carried out at practical viscosities at
which films can be applied to the proper film thickness with
2. Referenced Documents
resultant good flow and leveling properties. In the absence of
2
any specific material specification, instructions for preparation
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of the film should be determined and agreed upon between the
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
purchaser and the seller.
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
5.3 Films to be tested should have practical thicknesses
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
commensurate with performance characteristics expected un-
der actual usage for the type under test. All testing should be
3. Significance and Use
done within an area, any point of which is not less than 15 mm
1
( ⁄2 in.) from the film edge.
3.1 These test methods are used to determine the various
stages and rates of drying, curing, and film formation of
5.4 Light Conditions—Illumination of the films during the
organic coatings for the purpose of comparing types of
entiredryingtestperiodfromnormallaboratoryorskysources,
coatings or ingredient changes, or both. This is significant in
never from direct sunlight or other sources high in nonvisible
the development of organic coatings for various end uses and
radiant energy.
also for production quality control.
6. Preparation of Test Specimens
6.1 Carry out all tests as described in 6.1.1, 6.1.2 and 6.1.3,
1 unless otherwise noted.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
6.1.1 All test specimens shall be prepared and tested by one
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint
operator properly skilled in the methods to be used. Apply the
Films.
specimens in duplicate at a time arranged so that examination
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally
intervals will fall within the normal working hours of the
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D1640 – 03. DOI:
10.1520/D1640-03R09.
operator.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1.2 Apply the materials to be tested on clean glass panels
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
or other specific substrate of suitable dimensions agreed upon
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. between the purchaser and the seller. Ground-glass plates are
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1640 − 03 (2009)
3
TABLE 1 Recommended Film Thickness of Materials to be
7.4.1 Mechanical Test Method (Tack Tester )—The tack
A
Tested
tester to be used in this method comprises essentially a base or
Material
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1640–03 Designation:D1640–03(Reapproved2009)
Standard Test Methods for
Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at
1
Room Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1640; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the various stages and rates of film formation in the drying or curing of
organic coatings normally used under conditions of ambient room temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D 1005 Test MethodsMethod for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
3. Significance and Use
3.1 These test methods are used to determine the various stages and rates of drying, curing, and film formation of organic
coatings for the purpose of comparing types of coatings or ingredient changes, or both. This is significant in the development of
organic coatings for various end uses and also for production quality control.
4. Coatings and Recommended Film Thicknesses
4.1 Whenever tests are to be performed on coatings not listed in Table 1, there should be a prior agreement between the
purchaser and seller as to the substrate, film thickness, and application method for testing the specific coating involved.
5. Test Conditions
5.1 Conduct all drying tests in a well-ventilated room or chamber, free from direct drafts, dust, products of combustion,
laboratory fumes and under diffused light (see 5.4). Make all measurements at a temperature of 23 6 2°C and 50 6 5 % relative
humidity with the coated panels in a horizontal position while drying.
5.2 Tests should be carried out at practical viscosities at which films can be applied to the proper film thickness with resultant
good flow and leveling properties. In the absence of any specific material specification, instructions for preparation of the film
should be determined and agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
5.3 Films to be tested should have practical thicknesses commensurate with performance characteristics expected under actual
1
usage for the type under test. All testing should be done within an area, any point of which is not less than 15 mm ( ⁄2 in.) from
the film edge.
5.4 LightConditions—Illuminationofthefilmsduringtheentiredryingtestperiodfromnormallaboratoryorskysources,never
from direct sunlight or other sources high in nonvisible radiant energy.
6. Preparation of Test Specimens
6.1 Carry out all tests as described in 6.1.1, 6.1.2 and 6.1.3, unless otherwise noted.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films .
Current edition approved Dec.Aug. 1, 2003.2009. Published December 2003.August 2009. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 19952003 as
D1640–95(1999). D 1640 – 03.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1640–03 (2009)
TABLE 1 Recommended Film Thickness of Materials to be
A
Tested
Material Dry Film Thickness
B
Drying oils 1.25 6 0.25 mil (32 6 6 µm)
Varnishes 1 6 0.1 mil (25 6 2 µm)
Lacquers 0.5 6 0.1 mil (12.5 6 2 µm) (See 7.5.2)
Resin solutions 0.5 6 0.1 mil (12.5 6 2 µm)
Enamels 1.5 6 0.25 mil (36.5 6 6 µm)
Oil paints 1.8 6 0.2 mil (45 6
...