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ASTM D5276-98(2009)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall

Standard Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use in evaluating the capability of a container to withstand the sudden shock resulting from a free fall, or to evaluate the capability of a container and its inner packing to protect its contents during the sudden shock resulting from a free fall. This test method may also be used to compare the performance of different package designs. This test method may also permit observation of the progressive failure of a container and the damage to its contents.
This test method is particularly suitable for containers that are normally handled manually during some part of their distribution cycle. Containers of such bulk or mass that they cannot be handled manually may be tested more satisfactorily in accordance with Test Method D 880, Test Methods D 6055, Test Methods D 6179, or Test Methods D 4003. See Practice D 4169 for additional guidance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the drop testing of loaded boxes, cylindrical containers, and bags and sacks by the free-fall method.
1.2 For containers not exceeding 110 lb (50 kg), this test method fulfills the requirements of ISO Standards 2206:1987 and 2248:1985. These ISO standards may describe procedures that do not meet the requirements for this test method.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2009
ICS
55.180.10 - General purpose containers
Technical Committee
D10 - Packaging
Drafting Committee
D10.21 - Shipping Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5276-98(2004) - Standard Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Replaced By
ASTM D5276-98(2017) - Standard Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall
Effective Date
01-Sep-2017
Referred By
ASTM D6804-19 - Standard Guide for Hand Hole Design in Corrugated Boxes
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D5639/D5639M-20 - Standard Practice for Selection of Corrugated Fiberboard Materials and Box Construction Based on Performance Requirements
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D4279-95(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers—Constant and Cycle Methods
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D4169-22 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D4919-23 - Standard Guide for Testing of Hazardous Materials (Dangerous Goods) Packagings
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM F963-17 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D5487-16(2022) - Standard Test Method for Simulated Drop of Loaded Containers by Shock Machines
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D6537-00(2021) - Standard Practice for Instrumented Package Shock Testing For Determination of Package Performance
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D4168-95(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Transmitted Shock Characteristics of Foam-in-Place Cushioning Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D6179-20 - Standard Test Methods for Rough Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D4504-94(2018) - Standard Specification for Molded Polyethylene Open-Head-Pails for Industrial Shipping of Nonhazardous Goods
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM E920-97(2019) - Standard Specification for Commercially Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM E921-97(2022) - Standard Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009

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ASTM D5276-98(2009) - Standard Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free FallASTM D5276-98(2009) - Standard Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall
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ASTM D5276-98(2009) - Standard Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5276 − 98 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
1
Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5276; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4003Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact
Test for Shipping Containers and Systems
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the drop testing
D4169Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
of loaded boxes, cylindrical containers, and bags and sacks by
tainers and Systems
the free-fall method.
D4332Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
1.2 For containers not exceeding 110 lb (50 kg), this test
Packaging Components for Testing
method fulfills the requirements of ISO Standards2206:1987
D6055Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized
and 2248:1985. These ISO standards may describe procedures
Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
that do not meet the requirements for this test method.
D6179Test Methods for Rough Handling of Unitized Loads
and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard. Lot or Process
E680Test Method for Drop Weight Impact Sensitivity of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Solid-Phase Hazardous Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ISO 2206Packaging—Complete Filled Transport Packages,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Identification of Parts When Testing
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ISO 2248Packaging—Complete Filled Transport Packages,
Vertical Impact Test by Dropping
2. Referenced Documents
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5
Title 49—Transportation (49 CFR)
D585Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot of
Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, and Related Product
3. Terminology
3
(Withdrawn 2010)
3.1 Definitions—General terms for packaging and distribu-
D644Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
tion environments are found in Terminology D996.
3
Paperboard by Oven Drying (Withdrawn 2010)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D880Test Method for ImpactTesting for Shipping Contain-
3.2.1 cylinder—for the purposes of this test method, a
ers and Systems
cylinder includes substantially cylindrical containers such as
D996Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
barrels,drums,kegs,andpails(fiber,metal,plastic,orwood,or
ments
combinations thereof).
D2463Test Method for Drop Impact Resistance of Blow-
Molded Thermoplastic Containers
3.2.2 member—a face, corner, or edge of a rectangular
container; a chime, end, or sidewall of a cylindrical container;
or a face, edge, corner, or butt of a bag or sack.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
4. Significance and Use
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods.
4.1 This test method is intended for use in evaluating the
Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally
capability of a container to withstand the sudden shock
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5276–98(2004).
DOI: 10.1520/D5276-98R09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
the ASTM website. AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.astm.org. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5276 − 98 (2009)
resulting from a free fall, or to evaluate the capability of a 5.1.6 A rupture hazard may be used for determining the
containeranditsinnerpackingtoprotectitscontentsduringthe ruptur
...

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4.1 This test method is intended for use in evaluating the ability of a container to withstand the sudden shock resulting from a free fall drop impact, or to evaluate the ability of a container and its inner packing to protect its contents during the sudden shock resulting from a free fall drop impact. This test method may also be used to compare the performance of different package designs. This test method may also permit observation of the progressive failure of a container and the damage to its contents.  
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4.1 Shipping containers and the interior packaging materials are used to protect their contents from the hazards encountered in handling, transportation, and storage. Shock is one of the more troublesome of these hazards. Free-fall drop testing, while easy to perform, often understresses the test specimen by subjecting it to drops which are not perpendicular to the dropping surface.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Shipping containers and the interior packaging materials are used to protect their contents from the hazards encountered in handling, transportation, and storage. Shock is one of the more troublesome of these hazards. Free-fall drop testing, while easy to perform, often understresses the test specimen by subjecting it to drops which are not perpendicular to the dropping surface.
Note 1: For example, testing has shown that non-perpendicular drops, 2° off perpendicularity, result in 8 % lower acceleration into the test specimen resulting from the impact energy dispersing in several axes.4  
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1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.  
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.  
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approval.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
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  • Guide
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ASTM
ASTM C596-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which its change in length is determined and designated “drying shrinkage.”  
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions.4 Hence this test method may be used when it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the change in length on drying of mortar bars containing hydraulic cement and graded standard sand.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. When combined standards are referenced, the selection of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure).2  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
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