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ASTM D5517-14(2021)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Extractability of Metals from Art Materials

Standard Test Method for Determining Extractability of Metals from Art Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This acid extraction method is intended to indicate the solubility of metals from art materials in a weak acid medium. This test method may be useful as one indicator of the amount of metal that is readily available for absorption. It is not meant as a replacement for in vivo tests of absorption of a metal.6 Other relevant information, when available, should be included in the overall toxicological assessment of metal-containing art materials, such as physico-chemical properties, toxicokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion), and mechanisms of toxicity of the metal(s) of interest.  
5.2 Maximum levels of metal extraction are seen with this test method when results are 250 ppm or less. If results are greater than 250 ppm, the extractant volume should be increased to 100 mL.7
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the extraction of metals from art materials using an extractant that simulates the acid potential of gastric juice. This test method is similar to the extraction method in Specification F963, except that it requires conducting extraction steps at body temperature instead of at room temperature. The extraction procedure specified in this test method is more rigorous than that noted in Specification F963 because the procedure causes the extraction of a larger quantity of metal.  
1.2 This test method is adapted from the European Toy Safety Standard, EN 71-3:1994 but differs from it in that a solvent extraction step is not required for processing waxes or oil-based products and no specific acceptable metal levels are specified.  
1.3 The rationale for this test method is discussed in Appendix X1.  
1.4 This test method should be used on the art material as a whole and not an art material ingredient. Testing the art material as whole would be expected to give a more accurate estimate of soluble metal than from an extrapolation from testing ingredients.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2021
ICS
97.195 - Items of art and handicrafts. Cultural property and heritage
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.57 - Artist Paints and Related Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM F963-23 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
Effective Date
01-Aug-2023
Refers
ASTM E456-13a(2022)e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
01-Apr-2022
Refers
ASTM E456-13A(2017)e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
01-Oct-2017
Refers
ASTM E456-13A(2017)e3 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
01-Oct-2017
Refers
ASTM D4236-94(2016) - Standard Practice for Labeling Art Materials for Chronic Health Hazards
Effective Date
01-Dec-2016
Refers
ASTM F963-16 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
Effective Date
01-Aug-2016
Refers
ASTM E456-13ae2 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
15-Nov-2013
Refers
ASTM E456-13a - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
15-Nov-2013
Refers
ASTM E456-13ae3 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
15-Nov-2013
Refers
ASTM E456-13ae1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
15-Nov-2013
Refers
ASTM E456-13 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
15-Aug-2013
Refers
ASTM E456-12 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Refers
ASTM E456-12e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Refers
ASTM F963-11 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
Effective Date
01-Dec-2011
Refers
ASTM D4236-94(2010) - Standard Practice for Labeling Art Materials for Chronic Health Hazards
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010

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ASTM D5517-14(2021) - Standard Test Method for Determining Extractability of Metals from Art MaterialsASTM D5517-14(2021) - Standard Test Method for Determining Extractability of Metals from Art Materials
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ASTM D5517-14(2021) - Standard Test Method for Determining Extractability of Metals from Art Materials
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5517 − 14 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Extractability of Metals from Art Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5517; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverstheextractionofmetalsfromart 2.1 ASTM Standards:
materialsusinganextractantthatsimulatestheacidpotentialof D4236 Practice for Labeling Art Materials for Chronic
gastric juice. This test method is similar to the extraction Health Hazards
method in Specification F963, except that it requires conduct- E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
ing extraction steps at body temperature instead of at room Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
temperature. The extraction procedure specified in this test cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
method is more rigorous than that noted in Specification F963 E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
becausetheprocedurecausestheextractionofalargerquantity F963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
of metal.
2.2 International Standards:
EN 71-3:1994 Safety of Toys
1.2 This test method is adapted from the European Toy
ISO 3696 Water for Laboratory Use—Specifications
Safety Standard, EN 71-3:1994 but differs from it in that a
ISO 3856 Paints and Varnishes—Determination of
solvent extraction step is not required for processing waxes or
“Soluble” Metal Content
oil-based products and no specific acceptable metal levels are
Part 1: Determination of lead content—Flame atomic ab-
specified.
sorption spectrometric method and dithiazone spectropho-
1.3 The rationale for this test method is discussed in
tometric method
Appendix X1.
Part 2: Determination of antimony content—Flame atomic
1.4 This test method should be used on the art material as a
absorption spectrophotometric method and Rhodamine B
whole and not an art material ingredient. Testing the art
spectrophotometric method
material as whole would be expected to give a more accurate
Part 3: Determination of barium content—Flame atomic
estimate of soluble metal than from an extrapolation from
emission spectrometric method
testing ingredients.
Part 4: Determination of cadmium content—Flame atomic
absorption spectrometric method and polarographic
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Part5: Determinationofhexavalentchromiumcontentofthe
standard.
pigment portion of the liquid paint or the paint in powder
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
form—Diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometric method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Part6: Determinationoftotalchromiumcontentoftheliquid
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
portion of paint—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.3 USEPA Standards:
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
USEPA Test Method SW-846
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint www.astm.org.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 36 rue de
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials. Stassart, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cenorm.be.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally Available from United States Environmental Protection Association (EPA),
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5517 – 14. DOI: Ariel Rios Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460, http://
10.1520/D5517-14R21. www.epa.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5517 − 14 (2021)
6010 Test Method for antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, 4. Summary of Test Method
cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese,
4.1 Apowdered, liquid, comminuted or ground art material
molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium,
is mixed with a 0.07 N hydrochloric acid solution and, after
vanadium, and zinc
adjusting the pH to 1.5, is shaken for 1 h and then allowed to
6020 Test Method for aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium,
sit for an additional hour. These extraction steps are conducted
beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead,
at 37 6 2°C. Solids are separated from the extractant by
manganese, nickel, silver, thallium, and zinc
centrifugation and filtration through a 0.45-µm filter. The
7040 Test Method for antimony
resultant eluate is then analyzed for the metal(s) of interest.
7041 Test Method for antimony
7060 Test Method for arsenic
5. Significance and Use
7061 Test Method for arsenic
5.1 This acid extraction method is intended to indicate the
7080 Test Method for barium
solubility of metals from art materials in a weak acid medium.
7090 Test Method for beryllium
This test method may be useful as one indicator of the amount
7091 Test Method for beryllium
of metal that is readily available for absorption. It is not meant
7130 Test Method for cadmium
as a replacement for in vivo tests of absorption of a metal.
7131 Test Method for cadmium
Otherrelevantinformation,whenavailable,shouldbeincluded
7190 Test Method for chromium
in the overall toxicological assessment of metal-containing art
7191 Test Method for chromium
materials, such as physico-chemical properties, toxicokinetics
7200 Test Method for cobalt
(absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion), and
7201 Test Method for cobalt
mechanisms of toxicity of the metal(s) of interest.
7210 Test Method for copper
5.2 Maximum levels of metal extraction are seen with this
7421 Test Method for lead
test method when results are 250 ppm or less. If results are
7460 Test Method for manganese
greater than 250 ppm, the extractant volume should be in-
7470 Test Method for mercury
creased to 100 mL.
7471 Test Method for mercury
7480 Test Method for molybdenum
6. Apparatus
7481 Test Method for molybdenum
6.1 Metal Sieve of aperture 0.5 mm.
7520 Test Method for nickel
6.2 pH meter with an accuracy of 60.1 pH units.
7550 Test Method for osmium
7740 Test Method for selenium
6.3 Membrane Filter with a pore size of 0.45 µm.
7741 Test Method for selenium
6.4 Centrifuge able to centrifuge at a minimum of 13 600 g.
7760 Test Method for silver
6.5 Precision Reciprocal Shaker150oscillations/minwith1
7840 Test Method for thallium
in. stroke length or wrist-action shaker capable of controlling
7841 Test Method for thallium
the shaking amplitude to 4 6 2 mm and the frequency to 9 6
7870 Test Method for tin
2 Hz.
7910 Test Method for vanadium
7911 Test Method for vanadium
6.6 Constant Temperature Water Bath at 37 6 2°C.
7950 Test Method for zinc
7. Reagents
3. Terminology
7.1 Hydrochloric Acid (0.07 N)—Add 2.55 g concen
...

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1.3 This practice applies to developing precautionary labeling for ceramic art materials intended for adult usage. Conformance to this practice does not imply that ceramic art materials will necessarily be labeled adequately or safe for use by children. Labeling determinations should consider reasonably foreseeable use or misuse by children and include as appropriate, in such instances, warnings to keep out of reach, or other specific precautionary statements. The responsibility for precautionary labeling rests with the ceramic producer or repackager who markets the material for art or craft use.  
1.4 This practice does not specify test methods for determining whether a substance or product presents chronic adverse health hazards.  
1.5 This practice does not apply to products appropriately labeled for known chronic adverse health hazards according to chemical substances labeling standards and practices, such as another national consensus standard, existing labeling statutes, regulations, or guidelines.  
1.6 Since knowledge about chronic adverse health hazards is incomplete and warning cannot cover all uses of any product, it is not possible for precautionary labeling to assure completely safe use of an art product.  
1.7 Manufacturers or repackagers may wish to determine individually or collectively precautionary labeling for ceramic art materials in accordance with this practice. Compliance may be certified by a certifying organization. Guidelines for a certifying organization are given in Appendix X1.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with international...

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ASTM
ASTM D6901-15(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Artists' Colored Pencils

ABSTRACT
This standard specification establishes quality requirements for composition, performance, and labeling of artists' colored pencils. This specification also covers vehicles and additives. Labeling requirements shall include company or brand name, identification number, country of origin, colour index names, lightfastness, pencil type, name and address of manufacturer, constitution number, toxicity, and statement of conformance. Additives for colored pencils shall include thickeners, preservatives, surfactants, wax, oil, and humectants. The pencil shall be capable of applying an even coating without scratch marks and without excessive breaking. Lightfastness, color difference test, exposure to natural daylight through window glass, and exposure to Xenon-arc radiation shall be done in accordance with the ASTM standard testing method using white, uncoated, neutral pH, buffered paper or board, without optical brighteners.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for composition, performance, and labeling of artists’ colored pencils.  
1.2 This specification covers vehicles and additives. Requirements are included for identification, lightfastness, and consistency.  
1.3 Colored pencil specimens are exposed to both natural daylight through window glass and simulated window glass-filtered daylight radiation to determine the lightfastness rating for each pencil.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5383-16(2021)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Visual Determination of the Lightfastness of Art Materials by Artists and Art Technologists

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Artists have available to them a wide variety of art materials such as markers, colored pencils, pastels, colored inks and airbrush colors. Many of these materials are manufactured for temporary artwork and may contain pigments and dyes that fade in a relatively short time. Product labels and manufacturers’ literature do not always supply the information necessary to distinguish products that are stable to light from those that are not. This practice makes it possible to check the general lightfastness of coloring materials to be used in works of art; however, Test Methods D4303 must be used if color measuring instruments and appropriate lightfastness testing apparatus are available. This practice may also be used to evaluate other types of colored materials for lightfastness.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a method for exposing specimens of colored art materials indoors to sunlight coming through a closed window. A card containing eight Blue Wool References2 is exposed simultaneously. Blue Wool References2 3, 6, and 7, are used as controls in determining when to remove test specimens from exposure and rate them. Test specimens are rated by assigning each specimen the number of the Blue Wool Reference that shows the same amount of color change.  
1.2 This practice may be used to indicate art materials that will change color within a few months or years in normal indoor exposure and those that will remain unchanged for a period of years. It is not rigorous enough to verify that materials will remain unchanged for more than fifty years in a home or office environment. A major consideration in developing this method was to keep it simple and short enough to be preformed without instrumentation in a comparatively short length of time.  
1.3 This practice shall be used to evaluate the lightfastness of art materials only when it is not feasible to use Test Methods D4303.  
1.4 This practice is not suitable for evaluating materials with a high oil content such as artists' oil, resin oil or alkyd paints.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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