ASTM D6715-13(2020)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparation of Fresh or Salt-Preserved (Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparation of Fresh or Salt-Preserved (Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The sampling procedures described in this practice have been designed to ensure random sampling of salt-preserved hides and skins for physical and chemical tests. Fresh or salt-preserved hides are natural products and as such are subject to extensive variability. The physical and chemical properties vary considerably depending on location on that specific hide, side, or skin from which the test sample is taken. Random sampling of specimens from a predefined location and orientation minimizes test bias and variability. This practice defines these parameters.
3.2 In general, tests carried out upon fresh or salt-preserved hides require composite lot samples generated using the preparation methods described within this practice. Subsequent tests typically require those composite samples to be in two forms:
3.2.1 Expressed Hide Fluid—where residual hide fluid is pressed from cleaned individual hair-on or de-haired hide sample, then equal volumes of each extracted fluid are blended together to create the composite sample.
Note 1: Sample may be de-haired prior to pressing.
3.2.2 Hide Material Sample—where equal quantities of cleaned hair-on or de-haired hide material are blended together to create a representative composite sample.
Note 2: Samples may be de-haired prior to compositing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation of fresh or salt-preserved (cured) hides for physical and chemical tests. The hides or skins to be tested are grouped into lots. Each lot is randomly sampled in such a manner as to produce a representative sample of that lot. This lot sample may be used to determine compliance of the lot with applicable specification requirements, and on the basis of results, the lot may be accepted or rejected in its entirety.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6715 − 13 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practice for
Sampling and Preparation of Fresh or Salt-Preserved
(Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.4 de-haired hide—a fresh or salt-preserved hide with the
hair removed.
1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation of
2.1.5 fresh hide—a recently flayed hide or skin that has not
fresh or salt-preserved (cured) hides for physical and chemical
been preserved (such as salt-cured).
tests.The hides or skins to be tested are grouped into lots. Each
lot is randomly sampled in such a manner as to produce a
2.1.6 hair-on hide—a fresh or salt-preserved hide with the
representative sample of that lot. This lot sample may be used
hair not removed.
todeterminecomplianceofthelotwithapplicablespecification
2.1.7 laboratory terms—any laboratory terms and defini-
requirements, and on the basis of results, the lot may be
tions employed within this practice are commonly used in
accepted or rejected in its entirety.
normal laboratory practice and require no special comment.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2.1.8 lot (or batch)—units of products from a single type,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
grade, class, size, and composition, manufactured under essen-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
tially the same conditions and time.
and are not considered standard.
2.1.8.1 Discussion—Fresh or salt-preserved hides in formed
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
lots should be produced from:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(1) Units of product of similar size and type,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(2) Fresh or salt-preserved hides obtained from the same
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
producer (functionally equivalent),
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(3) A single product method, or
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
(4) Sequential production batches.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2.1.9 salt preservation (cure)—is defined as the action of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
applying salt (typically sodium chloride) to flayed hides in
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
order to make them temporarily resistant to degradation by
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
bacterial (enzymatic) action. Typically, this is achieved by
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
either brine-curing or wet-salting (salt-packing).
2.1.10 salt-preserved (cured) hides—are defined as hides
2. Terminology
that have been processed into a condition that makes them
2.1 Definitions:
temporarily resistant to degradation by bacterial (enzymatic)
2.1.1 brine-curing—preserving by immersing flayed hides
action. This is achieved by the application of adequate salt
into concentrated/saturated salt (sodium chloride) solution
(typically sodium chloride) to the hide.
until sufficient salt has been absorbed by the hide, thus making
2.1.11 unit—an item of fresh or salt-preserved hide in the
it temporarily resistant to bacterial action (cured).
form in which it is purchased, such as a single hide, skin, or
2.1.2 cure—commonly used industry reference to salt pres-
any part thereof.
ervation.
2.1.12 wet-salting (salt-pack)—the action of applying suffi-
2.1.3 cured hides (salted hides)—commonly used industry
cient granular salt (sodium chloride) to flayed hides (normally
term for salt-preserved hides.
upon the flesh side) over sufficient time, in order to have the
salt absorbed by the hide, making it temporarily resistant to
bacterial action (cured).
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.02 on Wet Blue.
3. Significance and Use
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally
3.1 The sampling procedures described in this practice have
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D6715-13. DOI:
10.1520/D6715-13R20. been designed to ensure random sampling of salt-preserved
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6715 − 13 (2020)
hides and skins for physical and chemical tests. Fresh or testingconditionsvaryfromthisstandard,theactualconditions
salt-preserved hides are natural products and as such are shall be included in the report of all such tests.
subject to extensive variability. The physical and chemical
properties vary considerably depending on location on that 5. Sampling Procedure
specific hide, side, or skin from which the test sample is taken.
5.1 Prior to sampling, identify the product properly as a lot
Random sampling of specimens from a predefined location and
or batch.
orientation minimizes test bias and variability. This practice
5.2 Select units from locations scattered throughout the lot,
defines these parameters.
not from the same portion of the lot, such as a single carton,
3.2 In general, tests carried out upon fresh or salt-preserved
layer, and so forth. Take units without regard to quality.
hides require composite lot samples generated using the
5.2.1 The number of samples taken depends on the reliabil-
preparation methods described within this practice. Subsequent
ity of the test results, the deviation of the properties, and the
tests typically require those composite samples to be in two
error of the testing procedure. The number of samples taken
forms:
may be at the discretion of the user and the related test method
3.2.1 Expressed Hide Fluid—where residual hide fluid is
and should also be recorded on the test report. It is recom-
pressed from cleaned individual hair-on or de-haired hide 2
mended that 12 samples be taken for every 50 000 ft of hides
sample, then equal volumes of each extracted fluid are blended
or skins. These 12 shall be considered a lot or batch.
together to create the composite sample.
NOTE 3—By reason of possible high moisture contents of fresh or
NOTE 1—Sample may be de-haired prior to pressing.
salt-preserved hides, samples should be taken and immediately sealed in
airtight(non-absorbent)plasticwraporbags,followedbystorageinacool
3.2.2 Hide Material Sample—where equal quantities of
place until used.
cleaned hair-on or de-haired hide material are blended together
5.3 The standard location for sampling fresh or salt-
to create a representative composite sample.
preserved hides is the kidney area (designated asTestArea A in
NOTE 2—Samples may be de-haired prior
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