ASTM D6715-13
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparation of Fresh or Salt-Preserved (Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparation of Fresh or Salt-Preserved (Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The sampling procedures described in this practice have been designed to ensure random sampling of salt-preserved hides and skins for physical and chemical tests. Fresh or salt-preserved hides are natural products and as such are subject to extensive variability. The physical and chemical properties vary considerably depending on location on that specific hide, side, or skin from which the test sample is taken. Random sampling of specimens from a predefined location and orientation minimizes test bias and variability. This practice defines these parameters.
3.2 In general, tests carried out upon fresh or salt-preserved hides require composite lot samples generated using the preparation methods described within this practice. Subsequent tests typically require those composite samples to be in two forms:
3.2.1 Expressed Hide Fluid—where residual hide fluid is pressed from cleaned individual hair-on or de-haired hide sample, then equal volumes of each extracted fluid are blended together to create the composite sample.Note 1—Sample may be de-haired prior to pressing.
3.2.2 Hide Material Sample—where equal quantities of cleaned hair-on or de-haired hide material are blended together to create a representative composite sample.Note 2—Samples may be de-haired prior to compositing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation of fresh or salt-preserved (cured) hides for physical and chemical tests. The hides or skins to be tested are grouped into lots. Each lot is randomly sampled in such a manner as to produce a representative sample of that lot. This lot sample may be used to determine compliance of the lot with applicable specification requirements, and on the basis of results, the lot may be accepted or rejected in its entirety.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6715 − 13
Standard Practice for
Sampling and Preparation of Fresh or Salt-Preserved
1
(Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.7 laboratory terms—any laboratory terms and defini-
tions employed within this practice are commonly used in
1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation of
normal laboratory practice and require no special comment.
fresh or salt-preserved (cured) hides for physical and chemical
tests.The hides or skins to be tested are grouped into lots. Each 2.1.8 lot (or batch)—units of products from a single type,
grade, class, size, and composition, manufactured under essen-
lot is randomly sampled in such a manner as to produce a
representative sample of that lot. This lot sample may be used tially the same conditions and time.
todeterminecomplianceofthelotwithapplicablespecification 2.1.8.1 Discussion—Fresh or salt-preserved hides in formed
requirements, and on the basis of results, the lot may be lots should be produced from:
accepted or rejected in its entirety. (1) Units of product of similar size and type,
(2) Fresh or salt-preserved hides obtained from the same
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
producer (functionally equivalent),
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
(3) A single product method, or
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
(4) Sequential production batches.
and are not considered standard.
2.1.9 salt preservation (cure)—is defined as the action of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
applying salt (typically sodium chloride) to flayed hides in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
order to make them temporarily resistant to degradation by
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
bacterial (enzymatic) action. Typically, this is achieved by
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
either brine-curing or wet-salting (salt-packing).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.1.10 salt-preserved (cured) hides—are defined as hides
2. Terminology
that have been processed into a condition that makes them
temporarily resistant to degradation by bacterial (enzymatic)
2.1 Definitions:
action. This is achieved by the application of adequate salt
2.1.1 brine-curing—preserving by immersing flayed hides
(typically sodium chloride) to the hide.
into concentrated/saturated salt (sodium chloride) solution
until sufficient salt has been absorbed by the hide, thus making
2.1.11 unit—an item of fresh or salt-preserved hide in the
it temporarily resistant to bacterial action (cured).
form in which it is purchased, such as a single hide, skin, or
any part thereof.
2.1.2 cure—commonly used industry reference to salt pres-
ervation.
2.1.12 wet-salting (salt-pack)—the action of applying suffi-
cient granular salt (sodium chloride) to flayed hides (normally
2.1.3 cured hides (salted hides)—commonly used industry
term for salt-preserved hides. upon the flesh side) over sufficient time, in order to have the
salt absorbed by the hide, making it temporarily resistant to
2.1.4 de-haired hide—a fresh or salt-preserved hide with the
bacterial action (cured).
hair removed.
2.1.5 fresh hide—a recently flayed hide or skin that has not
3. Significance and Use
been preserved (such as salt-cured).
3.1 The sampling procedures described in this practice have
2.1.6 hair-on hide—a fresh or salt-preserved hide with the
been designed to ensure random sampling of salt-preserved
hair not removed.
hides and skins for physical and chemical tests. Fresh or
salt-preserved hides are natural products and as such are
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather and
subject to extensive variability. The physical and chemical
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.02 on Wet Blue.
properties vary considerably depending on location on that
Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originally
specific hide, side, or skin from which the test sample is taken.
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6715-08. DOI:
10.1520/D6715-13. Random sampling of specimens from a predefined location and
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D6715 − 13
orientation minimizes test bias and variability. This practice 5.2 Select
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6715 − 08 D6715 − 13
Standard Practice for
Sampling and Preparation of Salt Preserved Fresh or Salt-
Preserved (Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and
1
Physical Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation of fresh or salt-preserved (cured) hides for physical and chemical tests.
The hides or skins to be tested are grouped into lots. Each lot is randomly sampled in such a manner as to produce a representative
sample of that lot. This lot sample may be used to determine compliance of the lot with applicable specification requirements, and
on the basis of results, the lot may be accepted or rejected in its entirety.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 brine-curing—preserving by immersing flayed hides into concentrated/saturated salt (sodium chloride) solution until
sufficient salt has been absorbed by the hide, thus making it temporarily resistant to bacterial action (cured).
2.1.2 cure—commonly used industry reference to salt preservation.
2.1.3 cured hides (salted hides)—commonly used industry term for salt-preserved hides.
2.1.4 de-haired hide—a fresh or salt-preserved hide with the hair removed.
2.1.5 fresh hide—a recently flayed hide or skin that has not been preserved (such as salt-cured).
2.1.6 hair-on hide—a fresh or salt-preserved hide with the hair not removed.
2.1.7 laboratory terms—any laboratory terms and definitions employed within this practice are commonly used in normal
laboratory practice and require no special comment.
2.1.8 lot (or batch)—units of products from a single type, grade, class, size, and composition, manufactured under essentially
the same conditions and time.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.02 on Wet Blue.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008May 1, 2013. Published October 2008June 2013. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20072008 as
D6715-01(2007).D6715-08. DOI: 10.1520/D6715-08.10.1520/D6715-13.
2.1.8.1 Discussion—
Salt-preserved Fresh or salt-preserved hides in formed lots should be produced from:
(1) Units of product of similar size and type,
(2) Salt-preserved ) Fresh or salt-preserved hides obtained from the same producer (functionally equivalent),
(3) A single product method, or
(4) Sequential production batches.
2.1.9 salt preservation (cure)—is defined as the action of applying salt (typically sodium chloride) to flayed hides in order to
make them temporarily resistant to degradation by bacterial (enzymatic) action. Typically, this is achieved by either brine-curing
or wet-salting (salt-packing).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6715 − 13
2.1.10 salt-preserved (cured) hides—are defined as hides that have been processed into a condition that makes them temporarily
resistant to degradation by bacterial (enzymatic) action. This is achieved by the application of adequate salt (typically sodium
chloride) to the hide.
2.1.11 unit—an item of fresh or salt-preserved hide in the form in which it is purchased, such as a single hide, skin, or any part
thereof.
2.1.12 wet-salting (salt-pack)—the action of applying sufficient granular salt (sodium chloride) to flayed hides (normally upon
the flesh side) over sufficient time, in order to have the salt absorbed by the hide, making it temporarily resistant to bacterial action
(cured).
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The sampling procedures described in this practice have been designed to ensure random sampling of salt-preserved hides
and skins for physical and c
...
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