ASTM D4627-12(2017)

Standard Test Method for Iron Chip Corrosion for Water–Miscible Metalworking Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The results obtained by this test are a useful guideline in determining the ability of water-miscible metalworking fluids to prevent or minimize rust under specific conditions. There is usually a relationship between the results of this test and a similar ability of the subject coolant to prevent rust on nested parts or in drilled holes containing chips, etc. It must be understood, however, that conditions, metal types, etc. found in practice will not correlate quantitatively with these controlled laboratory conditions. The procedure may not be able to differentiate between two products with poor rust control due to the wide spacing between test dilutions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous corrosion control characteristics of water–miscible metalworking fluids.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—Note 1 contains inch-pound units since the drill sizes and feed rates do not have readily available metric equivalents.  
1.2.2 Exception—U.S. Standard sieve sizes include mesh values.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2017
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.L0.01 - Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4627 − 12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Iron Chip Corrosion for Water–Miscible Metalworking
Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4627; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope and allowed to stand overnight.The amount of rust stain on the
filterpaperisanindicationofthecorrosioncontrolprovidedby
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous cor-
the fluid.
rosion control characteristics of water–miscible metalworking
fluids.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 The results obtained by this test are a useful guideline in
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
determining the ability of water-miscible metalworking fluids
standard.
to prevent or minimize rust under specific conditions. There is
1.2.1 Exception—Note 1 contains inch-pound units since
usually a relationship between the results of this test and a
the drill sizes and feed rates do not have readily available
similar ability of the subject coolant to prevent rust on nested
metric equivalents.
parts or in drilled holes containing chips, etc. It must be
1.2.2 Exception—U.S. Standard sieve sizes include mesh
understood,however,thatconditions,metaltypes,etc.foundin
values.
practice will not correlate quantitatively with these controlled
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the laboratory conditions. The procedure may not be able to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
differentiate between two products with poor rust control due
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- to the wide spacing between test dilutions.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5. Apparatus
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.1 Disposable Petri Dishes, 35 mm by 10 mm plastic, with
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- lids.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.2 Glass-Fiber Filter Paper, 1.5 µm particle retention
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
rating, 3.2 cm diameter.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.3 Glass Stirring Rod.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.4 Spatula.
2. Terminology
5.5 Pipettes, 5 mL.
2.1 Definitions:
5.6 Glass Bottle, 4 oz with cap.
2.1.1 rust, n—corrosion product consisting primarily of
hydrated iron oxides.
5.7 Balance, accurate to 1 mg.
2.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.8 Graduated Cylinder, 50 mL.
2.2.1 breakpoint, n—weakest concentration of the water-
5.9 Volumetric Flask,1L.
miscible metalworking fluid tested that leaves no rust stain on
the filter paper. 5.10 Forceps.
5.11 U.S. Standard Sieve,18 mesh(1.0 mmsieveopenings),
3. Summary of Test Method
stainless steel.
3.1 Cast iron chips are placed in a petri dish containing a
filter paper and diluted metalworking fluid.The dish is covered
6. Reagents and Materials
6.1 Gray Cast Iron Drilling Chips.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
NOTE 1—The chips are made from Class 30 gray cast iron (UNS
Subcommittee D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4627 – 12. DOI: Iron chips produced and packaged according to the directions given in Note 1
10.1520/D4627-12R17. are commercially available.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4627 − 12 (2017)
F10006), as cast. The structure is mostly pearlite with small amounts of
8.7 Drain the fluid from the dish. Invert the dish on its lid
ferrite and type A graphite. Brinell hardness is 179–217. The chips are
and tap to remove the chips.
made using a clean, oil free jobbers length high speed drill of 29/64 in.
8.8 Rinse the filter paper with running tap water for about
diameterwith118°plainpoint,29°helixand12–15°clearance.Rotational
speed should be 500 rpm at a feed rate of 0.015 in. ⁄rev. Hand feeding is
5 s to remove any discoloration due to the fluid.
not permissible. The chips are sieved on 5 mesh and 18 mesh sieves and
8.9 Afterrinsing,estimatethepercentofthefilterpaperarea
those retained on the 18 mesh sieve are immediately stored in airtight pint
glass bottles. Each drilling is given a batch number. The bottle labels bear which was stained by rusting chips. This is done by visual
this batch number and the date of filling.
examination (without magnification) of the side of the paper
that was in contact with the chips.
6.2 Synthetic Hard Water, 20 000 mg⁄L stock solution
prepared by dissolving 29.4 g reagent grade (ACS standard)
8.10 The “breakpoint” is defined as the weakest concentra-
CaCl ·2H Oin1 Loffreshlyboileddistilledwater.Amoderate
2 2
tion tested that left no rust stain on the filter paper. This value
hardness water is necessary in this test (100 ppm as CaCO ,
may be used to compare the rust inhibiting properties of
71 mg⁄L as chloride), and can be p
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4627 − 12 D4627 − 12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Iron Chip Corrosion for Water–Miscible Metalworking
Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4627; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous corrosion control characteristics of water–miscible metalworking fluids.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Note 1 contains inch-pound units since the drill sizes and feed rates do not have readily available metric
equivalents.
1.2.2 Exception—U.S. Standard sieve sizes include mesh values.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 rust, n—corrosion product consisting primarily of hydrated iron oxides.
2.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.2.1 breakpoint, n—weakest concentration of the water-miscible metalworking fluid tested that leaves no rust stain on the filter
paper.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 Cast iron chips are placed in a petri dish containing a filter paper and diluted metalworking fluid. The dish is covered and
allowed to stand overnight. The amount of rust stain on the filter paper is an indication of the corrosion control provided by the
fluid.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The results obtained by this test are a useful guideline in determining the ability of water-miscible metalworking fluids to
prevent or minimize rust under specific conditions. There is usually a relationship between the results of this test and a similar
ability of the subject coolant to prevent rust on nested parts or in drilled holes containing chips, etc. It must be understood, however,
that conditions, metal types, etc. found in practice will not correlate quantitatively with these controlled laboratory conditions. The
procedure may not be able to differentiate between two products with poor rust control due to the wide spacing between test
dilutions.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Disposable Petri Dishes, 3535 mm by 10 mm 10 mm plastic, with lids.
5.2 Glass-Fiber Filter Paper, 1.5 μm 1.5 μm particle retention rating, 3.2-cm3.2 cm diameter.
5.3 Glass Stirring Rod.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2017. Published October 2012December 2017. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20072012
as D4627–92(2007).D4627 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D4627-12.10.1520/D4627-12R17.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4627 − 12 (2017)
5.4 Spatula.
5.5 Pipettes, 5 mL.5 mL.
5.6 Glass Bottle, 4-oz.4 oz with cap.
5.7 Balance, accurate to 1 mg.1 mg.
5.8 Graduated Cylinder, 50 mL.50 mL.
5.9 Volumetric Flask, 1 L.1 L.
5.10 Forceps.
5.11 U.S. Standard Sieve, 18-mesh (1.0-mm18 mesh (1.0 mm sieve openings), stainless steel.
6. Reagents and Materials
6.1 Gray Cast Iron Drilling Chips.
NOTE 1—The chips are made from Class 30 gray cast iron (UNS F10006), as cast. The structure is mostly pearlite with small amounts of ferrite and
type A graphite. Brinell hardness is 179–217. The chips are made using a clean, oil free jobbers length high speed drill of 29/64 in. diameter with 118°
plain point, 29° helix and 12–15° clearance. Rotational speed should be 500 rpm at a feed rate of 0.0150.015 in. in./rev. ⁄rev. Hand feeding is not
permissible. The chips are sieved on 55 mesh and 18-mesh18 mesh sieves and those retained on the 18-mesh18 mesh sieve are immediately stored in
airtight pint glass bottles. Each drilling is given a batch number. The bottle labels bear this batch number and the date of filling.
6.2 Synthetic Hard Water, 20,000 mg/L20 000 mg ⁄L stock solution prepared by dissolving 29.4 g 29.4 g reagent grade (ACS
standard) CaCl ·2H O in 1 L 1 L of freshly boiled distilled water. A moderate hardness water is necessary in this test (100 ppm
2 2
(100 ppm as CaCO , 7171 mg mg/L ⁄L as chloride), and can be prepared at the time of the test by diluting the stock hard water
0.5 % in distilled water.
6.3 Metalworking Fluid of Interest.
7. Preparation of Diluted Metalworking Fluid
7.1 Prepare 50 mL 50 mL of fluid at each desired concentration by weight % in the 100100 mg mg/L ⁄L hardness water
described above. The water must be at room temperature as described in 8.1. Always add the metalworking fluid concentrates into
the water.
7.2 The dilutions tested will be in weight % as follows:
0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10 %
Each dilution must be separately prepared. Stock emulsions subsequently diluted must not be used.
7.3 Cap the bottle (5.6) and shake vigorously until dispersion is complete.
8. Procedure
8.1 Make the test in a room free from corrosive fumes, away from direct sunlight, and a room temperature of 20°C20 °C to
25°C.25 °C.
8.2 Sieve the cast iron chips (6.1) on the 1
...