ASTM D6715-01(2007)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparation of Salt Preserved (Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparation of Salt Preserved (Cured) Hides and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The sampling procedures described in this practice have been designed to ensure random sampling of salt-preserved hides and skins for physical and chemical tests. Salt-preserved hides are natural products and as such are subject to extensive variability. The physical and chemical properties vary considerably depending on location on that specific hide, side, or skin from which the test sample is taken. Random sampling of specimens from a predefined location and orientation minimizes test bias and variability. This practice defines these parameters.
In general, tests carried out upon salt-preserved hides require composite lot samples generated using the preparation methods described within this practice. Subsequent tests typically require those composite samples to be in two forms:
3.2.1 Expressed Hide Fluid—where residual hide fluid is pressed from each de-haired and cleaned individual hide sample, then equal volumes of each extracted fluid are blended together to create the composite sample.
3.2.2 Hide Material Sample—where equal quantities of de-haired and cleaned hide material are blended together to create a representative composite sample.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation of salt-preserved (cured) hides for physical and chemical tests. The hides or skins to be tested are grouped into lots. Each lot is randomly sampled in such a manner as to produce a representative sample of that lot. This lot sample may be used to determine compliance of the lot with applicable specification requirements, and on the basis of results, the lot may be accepted or rejected in its entirety.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D6715–01(Reapproved2007)
Standard Practice for
Sampling and Preparation of Salt Preserved (Cured) Hides
and Skins for Chemical and Physical Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
(3) A single product method, or
1. Scope
(4) Sequential production batches.
1.1 This practice covers the sampling and preparation of
2.1.6 salt preservation (cure)—is defined as the action of
salt-preserved (cured) hides for physical and chemical tests.
applying salt (typically sodium chloride) to flayed hides in
The hides or skins to be tested are grouped into lots. Each lot
order to make them temporarily resistant to degradation by
is randomly sampled in such a manner as to produce a
bacterial (enzymatic) action. Typically, this is achieved by
representative sample of that lot. This lot sample may be used
either brine-curing or wet-salting (salt-packing).
todeterminecomplianceofthelotwithapplicablespecification
2.1.7 salt-preserved (cured) hides—are defined as hides that
requirements, and on the basis of results, the lot may be
have been processed into a condition that makes them tempo-
accepted or rejected in its entirety.
rarily resistant to degradation by bacterial (enzymatic) action.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
This is achieved by the application of adequate salt (typically
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sodium chloride) to the hide.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.1.8 unit—an item of salt-preserved hide in the form in
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
which it is purchased, such as a single hide, skin, or any part
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
thereof.
2. Terminology
2.1.9 wet-salting (salt-pack)—the action of applying suffi-
cient granular salt (sodium chloride) to flayed hides (normally
2.1 Definitions:
upon the flesh side) over sufficient time, in order to have the
2.1.1 brine-curing—preserving by immersing flayed hides
salt absorbed by the hide, making it temporarily resistant to
into concentrated/saturated salt (sodium chloride) solution
bacterial action (cured).
until sufficient salt has been absorbed by the hide, thus making
it temporarily resistant to bacterial action (cured).
3. Significance and Use
2.1.2 cure—commonly used industry reference to salt pres-
3.1 The sampling procedures described in this practice have
ervation.
been designed to ensure random sampling of salt-preserved
2.1.3 cured hides (salted hides)—commonly used industry
hides and skins for physical and chemical tests. Salt-preserved
term for salt-preserved hides.
hides are natural products and as such are subject to extensive
2.1.4 laboratory terms—any laboratory terms and defini-
variability. The physical and chemical properties vary consid-
tions employed within this practice are commonly used in
erably depending on location on that specific hide, side, or skin
normal laboratory practice and require no special comment.
from which the test sample is taken. Random sampling of
2.1.5 lot (or batch)—units of products from a single type,
specimens from a predefined location and orientation mini-
grade, class, size, and composition, manufactured under essen-
mizes test bias and variability. This practice defines these
tially the same conditions and time.
parameters.
2.1.5.1 Discussion—Salt-preserved hides in formed lots
3.2 In general, tests carried out upon salt-preserved hides
should be produced from:
require composite lot samples generated using the preparation
(1) Units of product of similar size and type,
methods described within this practice. Subsequent tests typi-
(2) Salt-preserved hides obtained from the same producer (function-
cally require those composite samples to be in two forms:
ally equivalent),
3.2.1 Expressed Hide Fluid—where residual hide fluid is
pressed from each de-haired and cleaned individual hide
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather and
sample, then equal volumes of each extracted fluid are blended
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.02 on Wet Blue.
together to create the composite sample.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 6715-01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6715–01 (2007)
3.2.2 Hide Material Sample—where equal quantities of Sampling in the belly or shoulder area is only applicable if that
de-haired and cleaned hide material are blended together to is the end product being sold or purchased.
create a representative composite sample.
5.3.1 Skins (Fig. 1)—Cut the test piece to the size and shape
required for the tests to be made, with one edge parallel to and
4. Conditioning
1 in. (25.4 mm) from the backbone line, beginning 4 in. (101
4.1 Since many tests performed upon salt preserved hides
mm) from the root of the tail. Pieces shall be cut from only one
involve the assessment of bacterial action, conditioning of the
side of the backbone of each skin. The test area for skins
hide samples should be avoided. When possible, sample
corresponds to area A for cattlehides.
preparation should be performed immediately following
5.3.2 Cattlehides—The location and size of cutting shall be
completion of sampling.
as follows:
4.2 Chemical and physical tests of salt-preserved hides,
unless otherwise specified in the applicable test method,
5.3.2.1 Hides, Sides, Crops, Backs, and Bends (Fig. 1)—Cut
specification, or procurement document, shall be performed
the test piece to the size and shape required for the test to be
under laboratory standard atmospheric conditions, which is 50
made, with one edge parallel to and 2 in. (51 mm) from the
6 4 % relative humidity at a temperature of 23 6 1°C (73.4 6
backbone line beginning 7 in. (178 mm) from the root of the
2°F). If testing conditions vary from this standard, the actual
tail. In most instances, test piece A may be cut 4 by 4 in. (101
conditions shall be included in the report of all such tests.
by 101 mm). Sample double bends, belting butts, and hides on
only one side of the bac
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