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ASTM D7798-20

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum distillate fractions provides an insight into the composition of feed stocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. A major advantage of the fast analysis time obtained by this test method is increasing product through put and reduced lab testing time by a minimum factor of 3. This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range may be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations and for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products and biodiesel formulations, B5, B10, and B20. It is applicable to petroleum distillates having a final boiling point not greater than 538 °C or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. The difference between the initial boiling point and the final boiling point shall be greater than 55 °C.  
1.2 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum distillates containing low molecular weight components (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, full range crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous mixtures (for example, alcohols, ethers, acids or esters, except biodiesels) or residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test Methods D3710, D7096, D6352, or D7169.  
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. This test method uses gas chromatographic components that allow the entire analysis from sample to sample to occur in 5 min or less. In these instruments the column is heated directly at rates 10 to 15 times that of a conventional gas chromatograph and thus the analysis time is reduced from sample to sample.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—Appendix X1 includes temperatures in Fahrenheit for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Sep-2020
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.04.0H - Chromatographic Distribution Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D2892-20 - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020

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ASTM D7798-20 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)ASTM D7798-20 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7798 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with
Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas
1
Chromatography (UF GC)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheboiling
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
range distribution of petroleum products and biodiesel
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
formulations, B5, B10, and B20. It is applicable to petroleum
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
distillates having a final boiling point not greater than 538°C
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test
method.Thedifferencebetweentheinitialboilingpointandthe
2. Referenced Documents
final boiling point shall be greater than 55°C.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The test method is not applicable for analysis of
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
petroleum distillates containing low molecular weight compo-
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
nents (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, full range
D1160TestMethodforDistillationofPetroleumProductsat
crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous mixtures (for
Reduced Pressure
example, alcohols, ethers, acids or esters, except biodiesels) or
D2887Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test
troleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
Methods D3710, D7096, D6352,or D7169.
D2892Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distil-
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
lation methodology. This test method uses gas chromato- D3710TestMethodforBoilingRangeDistributionofGaso-
graphic components that allow the entire analysis from sample line and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography
3
to sample to occur in 5min or less. In these instruments the (Withdrawn 2014)
column is heated directly at rates 10 to 15 times that of a D4626Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
conventional gas chromatograph and thus the analysis time is Response Factors
reduced from sample to sample. D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D6352Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
standard.
troleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174°C to
1.4.1 Exception—Appendix X1 includes temperatures in
700°C by Gas Chromatography
Fahrenheit for information only.
D6708Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D7096Test Method for Determination of the Boiling Range
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Distribution of Gasoline by Wide-Bore Capillary Gas
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Chromatography
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.04.0H on Chromatographic Distribution Methods. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7798–15. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D7798-20. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7798 − 15 D7798 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with
Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas
1
Chromatography (UF GC)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products and biodiesel formulations,
B5, B10, and B20. It is applicable to petroleum distillates having a final boiling point not greater than 538 °C or lower at
atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. The difference between the initial boiling point and the final boiling point
shall be greater than 55 °C.
1.2 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum distillates containing low molecular weight components (for
example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, full range crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous mixtures (for example,
alcohols, ethers, acids or esters, except biodiesels) or residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test Methods D3710,
D7096, D6352, or D7169.
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. This test method uses gas chromatographic
components that allow the entire analysis from sample to sample to occur in 5 min or less. In these instruments the column is
heated directly at rates 10 to 15 times that of a conventional gas chromatograph and thus the analysis time is reduced from sample
to sample.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4.1 Exception—Appendix X1 includes temperatures in Fahrenheit for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0H on Chromatographic Distribution Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015Oct. 1, 2020. Published November 2015November 2020. Originally approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 20132015
as D7798 – 13.D7798 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D7798-15.10.1520/D7798-20.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7798 − 20
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
D3710 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Gasoline and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn
3
2014)
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and
Lubricants
D6352 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174 °C to 700 °C by Gas
Chromatography
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D7096 Test Method for Determination of the Boiling Range Distribution of Gasoline by Wide-Bore Capillary Gas
Chromatography
D7169 Test Method for Boiling Point Distribution of Samples with Residues Such as Crud
...

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5.1 Some petroleum products are treated with mineral acid as part of the refining procedure. Obviously, any residual mineral acid in a petroleum product is undesirable. The absence of a positive indication in the test for acidity of the distillation residue or aqueous extract of a hydrocarbon liquid is an assurance of the care used in refining the fuel or solvent.
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1.1 This test method covers the atmospheric distillation of petroleum products and liquid fuels using a laboratory batch distillation unit to determine quantitatively the boiling range characteristics of such products as light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels with or without oxygenates (see Note 1), aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, diesel fuels, biodiesel blends up to 30 % volume, marine fuels, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, and Grades 1 and 2 burner fuels.
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1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
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Standard Test Method for Determination of Light Hydrocarbons in Stabilized Crude Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of the boiling point distribution of stabilized crude oils is important for the marketing, scheduling, and processing of crude oil in the petroleum industry. Test Method D7169 and IP 545 purport to give such a distribution in crude oils, but are susceptible to significant errors in the light ends portion of the distribution as well as in the mass recovery of the whole crude oil due to the interference imposed by the diluent solvent. This test method allows for more accurate determination of the front end of the boiling point distribution curve, in addition to providing important C1 to C9 (nonane) component level information, and more accurate mass recovery at C9 (nonane).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method specifies a method to determine the boiling range distribution of hydrocarbons in stabilized crude oil up to and including n-nonane. A stabilized crude oil is defined as having a Reid Vapor Pressure equivalent to or less than 82.7 kPa. The results of this test method can be combined with those from Test Method D7169 and IP 545 to give a full boiling point distribution of a crude oil (see Appendix X3).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5443-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A knowledge of the composition of hydrocarbon refinery streams is useful for process control and quality assurance.  
5.2 Aromatics in gasoline are soon to be limited by federal mandate. This test method can be used to provide such information.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics by carbon number in low olefinic hydrocarbon streams having final boiling points of 200 °C or less. Hydrocarbons with boiling points greater than 200 °C and less than 270 °C are reported as a single group. Olefins, if present, are hydrogenated and the resultant saturates are included in the paraffin and naphthene distribution. Aromatics boiling at C9 and above are reported as a single aromatic group.  
1.2 This test method is not intended to determine individual components except for benzene and toluene that are the only C6 and C7 aromatics, respectively, and cyclopentane that is the only C5 naphthene. The lower limit of detection for a single hydrocarbon component or group is 0.05 % by mass.  
1.3 This test method is applicable to hydrocarbon mixtures including virgin, catalytically converted, thermally converted, alkylated and blended naphtha.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 The abbreviation for SI unit “coulomb” is “C”.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and Table 1.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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