ASTM D1475-98(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
Standard Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Density is weight per unit volume. It is a key property in the identification, characterization, and quality control of a wide range of materials. Density measurements in terms of weight per gallon are commonly used to check paint quality. If the density is not within specification, there is a good chance that there was a mischarge or other serious problem.
This test method is suitable for the determination of density of paint and related products and components when in liquid form. It is particularly applicable when the fluid has too high a viscosity or when a component is too volatile for a density balance determination.
This test method provides for the maximum accuracy required for hiding power determinations. It is equally suitable for work in which less accuracy is required, by ignoring the directions for recalibration and consideration of temperature differentials, and using as the container a “weight-per-gallon” cup.
Automatic equipment for measuring density is available (see Test Method D 4052) from several manufacturers. Such apparatus has been used for resins and latices as well as for oils and solvents. Before such equipment is used for a given product, results must be checked very carefully. Particularly with paints, inks, and resins, there are possibilities of gumming, fouling, and other interferences with operation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of density of paints, inks, varnishes, lacquers, and components thereof, other than pigments, when in fluid form.
1.2 For higher precision when working with nonpigmented materials (drying oils, varnishes, resins and related materials), Test Method D 1963 can be used to determine specific gravity and, thence, density.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precaution statement is given in 8.1.1.1.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1475 − 98 (Reapproved2008)
Standard Test Method For
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Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1475; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of density of
3. Terminology
paints,inks,varnishes,lacquers,andcomponentsthereof,other
3.1 Definitions:
than pigments, when in fluid form.
3.1.1 density, n—the mass of a unit volume of a material at
1.2 For higher precision when working with nonpigmented
a specified temperature. In this method, it is expressed as the
materials (drying oils, varnishes, resins and related materials),
weight in grams per millilitre, or as the weight in pounds
Test Method D1963 can be used to determine specific gravity
avoirdupois of one U. S. gallon, of the liquid at the specified
and, thence, density.
temperature; in the absence of other temperature specification,
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 25°C is assumed.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.2 specific gravity (relative density), n—the ratio of the
only,
mass of a unit volume of a material at a stated temperature to
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the the mass of the same volume of distilled water at the same
temperature.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precau- 4.1 Theaccuratelyknownabsolutedensityofdistilledwater
tion statement is given in 8.1.1.1. at various temperatures (Table 1) is used to calibrate the
volume of a container. The weight of the paint liquid contents
2. Referenced Documents
of the same container at the standard temperature (25°C) or at
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an agreed-upon temperature is then determined and density of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the contents calculated in terms of grams per millilitre, or
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
pounds per gallon at the specified temperature.
D1963 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Drying Oils,
Varnishes, Resins, and Related Materials at 25/25°C
5. Significance and Use
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(Withdrawn 2004)
5.1 Densityisweightperunitvolume.Itisakeypropertyin
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
the identification, characterization, and quality control of a
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
wide range of materials. Density measurements in terms of
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
weight per gallon are commonly used to check paint quality. If
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
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the density is not within specification, there is a good chance
cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
that there was a mischarge or other serious problem.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.2 This test method is suitable for the determination of
density of paint and related products and components when in
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
liquid form. It is particularly applicable when the fluid has too
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
high a viscosity or when a component is too volatile for a
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials.
density balance determination.
Current edition approved June 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D1475 – 98 (2003).
5.3 This test method provides for the maximum accuracy
DOI: 10.1520/D1475-98R08.
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required for hiding power determinations. It is equally suitable
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
for work in which less accuracy is required, by ignoring the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
directions for recalibration and consideration of temperature
the ASTM website.
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differentials, and using as the container a “weight-per-gallon”
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. cup.
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