ASTM D5705-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Residual fuel oils can contain H2S in the liquid phase and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of H2S in storage tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary significantly according to the headspace volume, fuel temperature and agitation. Measurement of H2S levels in the liquid phase provides a useful indication of the residual fuel oil’s propensity to form high vapor phase levels, and lower levels in the residual fuel oil will directly reduce risk of H2S exposure. It is critical, however, that anyone involved in handling fuel oil, such as vessel owners and operators, continue to maintain appropriate safety practices designed to protect the crew, tank farm operators and others who can be exposed to H2S.
5.1.1 The measurement of H2S in the liquid phase is appropriate for product quality control, while the measurement of H2S in the vapor phase is appropriate for health and safety purposes.
5.2 This test method was developed to provide refineries, fuel terminals and independent testing laboratories, which do not have access to analytical instruments such as a gas chromatograph, with a simple and consistent field test method for the rapid determination of H2S in the vapor phase above residual fuel oils.
Note 1: D5705 is one of three test methods for quantitatively measuring H2S in residual fuels:
1) Test Method D6021 is an analytical test method to determine H2S levels in the liquid phase.
2) Test Method D7621 is a rapid test method to determine H2S levels in the liquid phase.
Note 2: Because of the reactivity, absorptivity and volatility of H2S, any measurement method only provides an H2S concentration at a given moment in time.
5.3 This test method does not necessarily simulate the vapor phase H2S concentration in a fuel storage tank. It does, however, provide a level of consistency so that the test result is only a function of the residual fuel oil sample and not the test method, operator, or location. No general correlation can b...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium headspace) of a residual fuel oil sample.
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity range of 5.5 mm2/s at 40 °C to 50 mm2/s at 100 °C. The test method is applicable to fuels conforming to Specification D396 Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 μmol/mol to 4000 μmol/mol (micromoles per mole) (5 ppm v/v to 4000 ppm v/v (parts per million by volume)).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D5705 −20
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase
1
Above Residual Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
Fuels, and Lubricants
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of
D6021 Test Method for Measurement of Total Hydrogen
hydrogen sulfide (H S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium head-
2
Sulfide in Residual Fuels by Multiple Headspace Extrac-
space) of a residual fuel oil sample.
tion and Sulfur Specific Detection
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity
D7621 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide
2 2
range of 5.5 mm /s at 40 °C to 50 mm /s at 100 °C. The test
in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction
methodisapplicabletofuelsconformingtoSpecificationD396
Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
3. Terminology
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 µmol⁄mol to 3.1 Definitions:
4000 µmol⁄mol (micromoles per mole) (5 ppm v⁄v to
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, see
4000 ppm v/v (parts per million by volume)). Terminology D4175.
3.1.2 equilibrium headspace, n—the vapor space above the
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
liquid in which all vapor components are in equilibrium with
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
the liquid components.
only.
3.1.3 residual fuel oil, n—a fuel oil comprising a blend of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
viscous long, short, or cracked residue from a petroleum
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
refining process and lighter distillates blended to a fuel oil
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
viscosity specification.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Under the conditions of this test (1:1
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
liquid/vapor ratio, temperature, and agitation) the HSinthe
2
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
vapor phase (sample’s headspace) will be in equilibrium with
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the H S in the liquid phase.
2
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Summary of Test Method
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 A1 L H S-inert test container (glass test bottle) is filled
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
to 50 % by volume with fuel oil from a filled H S-inert
2
container (glass sample bottle) just prior to testing. In the test
2. Referenced Documents
2 container, the vapor space above the fuel oil sample is purged
2.1 ASTM Standards:
with nitrogen to displace air. The test container with sample is
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
heated in an oven to 60 °C, and agitated on an orbital shaker at
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
-1 -1
3.67 s 6 0.08 s (220 r⁄min 6 5 r⁄min (revolutions per
Petroleum Products
minute)) for 3 min.
4.2 Alength-of-stain detector tube and hand-operated pump
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on are used to measure the H S concentration in the vapor phase
2
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
of the test container. The length-of-stain detector tube should
Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels.
be close to but not in contact with the liquid surface.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published October 2020. Originally
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D5705 – 15. DOI:
5. Significance and Use
10.1520/D5705-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 Residual fuel oils can contain H S in the liquid phase
2
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of HSin
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 2
the ASTM website. storage tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5705 − 15 D5705 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase
1
Above Residual Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of hydrogen sulfide (H S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium headspace) of a
2
residual fuel oil sample.
2 2
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity range of 5.5 mm /s at 40°C40 °C to 50 mm /s at 100°C.100 °C. The
test method is applicable to fuels conforming to Specification D396 Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 μmol ⁄mol to 4000 μmol ⁄mol (micromoles per mole) (5 ppm v ⁄v to 4000 ppm v/v (parts per
million by volume)).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D6021 Test Method for Measurement of Total Hydrogen Sulfide in Residual Fuels by Multiple Headspace Extraction and Sulfur
Specific Detection
D7621 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.14 on Stability Stability, Cleanliness and CleanlinessCompatibility of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved April 1, 2015Oct. 1, 2020. Published July 2015October 2020. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20142015 as
D5705 – 14.D5705 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D5705-15.10.1520/D5705-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D5705 − 20
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, see Terminology D4175.
3.1.2 equilibrium headspace, n—the vapor space above the liquid in which all vapor components are in equilibrium with the liquid
components.
3.1.3 residual fuel oil, n—a fuel oil comprising a blend of viscous long, short, or cracked residue from a petroleum refining process
and lighter distillates blended to a fuel oil viscosity specification.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
Under the conditions of this test (1:1 liquid/vapor ratio, temperature, and agitation) the H S in the vapor phase (sample’s
2
headspace) will be in equilibrium with the H S in the liquid phase.
2
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A 1 L H S-inert test container (glass test bottle) is filled to 50 % by volume with fuel oil from a filled H S-inert container (glass
2 2
sample bottle) just prior to testing. In the test container, the vapor space above the fuel oil sample is purged with nitrogen to
-1 -1
displace air. The test container with sample is heated in an oven to 60 °C, and agitated on an orbital shaker at 3.67 s 6 0.08 s
(220 r ⁄min 6 5 r ⁄min (revolutions per minute)) for 3 min.
4.2 A length-of-stain detector tube and hand-operated pump are used to measure the H S concentration in the vapor phase of the
2
test container. The leng
...
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