ASTM D5949-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method)
Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The pour point of a petroleum product is an index of the lowest temperature of its utility for certain applications. Flow characteristics, like pour point, can be critical for the correct operation of lubricating oil systems, fuel systems, and pipeline operations.
Petroleum blending operations require precise measurement of the pour point.
In most cases, this test method does not require the use of mechanical refrigeration apparatus (see 7.1).
This test method yields a pour point in a format similar to Test Method D 97/IP 15 when the 3°C interval results are reported.
Note 2—Since some users may wish to report their results in a format similar to Test Method D 97 (in 3°C intervals) the precisions were derived from the temperatures rounded to the 3° intervals. For statements on bias relative to Test Method D 97, see 13.3.
Test results from this test method can be determined at either 1 or 3°C intervals.
This test method has better repeatability and reproducibility relative to Test Method D 97/IP 15 as measured in the 1992 and 1998 interlaboratory test programs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of pour point of petroleum products by an automatic instrument that applies a controlled burst of nitrogen gas onto the specimen surface while the specimen is being cooled and detects movement of the surface of the test specimen with an optical device.
1.2 This test method is designed to cover the range of temperatures from −57 to +51°C. However, the range of temperatures included in the 1992 interlaboratory test program only covered the temperature range from −39 to +6°C and the range of temperatures included in the 1998 interlaboratory test program was from −51 to −11°C. (see 13.4).
1.3 Test results from this test method can be determined at 1 or 3°C testing intervals.
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oils.
Note 1—The applicability of this test method or residual fuel samples has not been verified. For further information on applicability, refer to 13.4.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5949–08
Standard Test Method for
Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure
1
Pulsing Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5949; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method covers an alternative procedure for the determination of pour point of petroleum
products using an automatic apparatus.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of pour point 2.1 ASTM Standards:
of petroleum products by an automatic instrument that applies D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
a controlled burst of nitrogen gas onto the specimen surface D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
while the specimen is being cooled and detects movement of Petroleum Products
the surface of the test specimen with an optical device. D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.2 This test method is designed to cover the range of Petroleum Products
temperatures from−57 to+51°C. However, the range of tem- 2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
3
peratures included in the 1992 interlaboratory test program IP15 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
only covered the temperature range from −39 to+6°C and the
3. Terminology
range of temperatures included in the 1998 interlaboratory test
3.1 Definitions:
program was from −51 to −11°C. (see 13.4).
1.3 Test results from this test method can be determined at 3.1.1 pour point, n—in petroleum products, the lowest
temperature at which movement of the test specimen is
1 or 3°C testing intervals.
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oils. observed under the prescribed conditions of the test.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 1—The applicability of this test method or residual fuel samples
3.2.1 no-flow point, n—in petroleum products, the tempera-
has not been verified. For further information on applicability, refer to
ture of the test specimen at which a wax crystal structure or
13.4.
viscosity increase, or both, impedes movement of the surface
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
of the test specimen under the conditions of the test.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The no-flow point occurs when, upon
standard.
cooling, the formation of wax crystal structures or viscosity
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
increase,orboth,hasprogressedtothepointwheretheapplied
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
observation device no longer detects movement under the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
conditions of the test. The preceding observation temperature,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
at which flow of the test specimen is last observed, is the pour
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
point.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D02.07 on Flow Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally the ASTM website.
´1 3
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5949–01 . DOI: Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
10.1520/D5949-08. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5949–08
3.2.2 pulse, n—a controlled burst of nitrogen gas of a fixed 6. Apparatus
5
pressure and flow rate sufficient to cause movement on the
6.1 Automatic Apparatus —Theautomaticpourpointappa-
surface of the test specimen without fracturing the wax
ratusdescribedinthistestmethodconsistsofamicroprocessor
structure which may be formed in the specimen.
controlled test chamber that is capable of heating and cooling
3.2.3 Peltier device, n—a solid-state thermoelectric device the test specimen, providing a controlled pulse of nitrogen gas
constructed with dissimilar semiconductor materials, config- onto the specimen surface, optically detecting the specimen
ured in such a way that it will transport heat to or away from surface moveme
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
´1
Designation:D5949–01 Designation: D 5949 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure
1
Pulsing Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5949; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Footnote 6 was updated editorially in August 2005.
INTRODUCTION
This test method covers an alternative procedure for the determination of pour point of petroleum
products using an automatic apparatus.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of pour point of petroleum products by an automatic instrument that applies a
controlledburstofnitrogengasontothespecimensurfacewhilethespecimenisbeingcooledanddetectsmovementofthesurface
of the test specimen with an optical device.
1.2This1.2 This test method is designed to cover the range of temperatures from−57 to+51°C. However, the range of
temperatures included in the 1992 interlaboratory test program only covered the temperature range from −39 to+6°C and the
range of temperatures included in the 1998 interlaboratory test program was from −51 to −11°C. (see 13.4).
1.3 Test results from this test method can be determined at 1 or 3°C testing intervals.
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oils.
NOTE 1—The applicability of this test method or residual fuel samples has not been verified. For further information on applicability, refer to 13.4.
1.5The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
2.2 IP Standard:
IP15Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products Energy Institute Standard:
3
IP15 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 pour point, n—in petroleum products, the lowest temperature at which movement of the test specimen is observed under
the prescribed conditions of the test.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on
Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2001. Published February 2002. Originally published as D5949–96. Last previous edition D5949–96.
´1
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5949–01 .
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 05.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5949–08
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 no-flow point, n— in petroleum products,thetemperatureofthetestspecimenatwhichawaxcrystalstructureorviscosity
increase, or both, impedes movement of the surface of the test specimen under the conditions of the test.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Theno-flowpointoccurswhen,uponcooling,theformationofwaxcrystalstructuresorviscosityincrease,
or both, has progressed to the point where the applied observation device no longer detects movement under the conditions of the
test. The preceding observation temperature, at which flow of the test specimen is last observed, is the pour point.
3.2.2 pulse, n—a controlled burst of nitrogen gas of a fixed pressure and flow rate sufficie
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
´1
Designation:D5949–01 Designation: D 5949 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure
1
Pulsing Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5949; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Footnote 6 was updated editorially in August 2005.
INTRODUCTION
This test method covers an alternative procedure for the determination of pour point of petroleum
products using an automatic apparatus.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of pour point of petroleum products by an automatic instrument that applies a
controlledburstofnitrogengasontothespecimensurfacewhilethespecimenisbeingcooledanddetectsmovementofthesurface
of the test specimen with an optical device.
1.2This1.2 This test method is designed to cover the range of temperatures from−57 to+51°C. However, the range of
temperatures included in the 1992 interlaboratory test program only covered the temperature range from −39 to+6°C and the
range of temperatures included in the 1998 interlaboratory test program was from −51 to −11°C. (see 13.4).
1.3 Test results from this test method can be determined at 1 or 3°C testing intervals.
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oils.
NOTE 1—The applicability of this test method or residual fuel samples has not been verified. For further information on applicability, refer to 13.4.
1.5The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
2.2 IP Standard:
IP15Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products Energy Institute Standard:
3
IP15 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 pour point, n—in petroleum products, the lowest temperature at which movement of the test specimen is observed under
the prescribed conditions of the test.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on
Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2001. Published February 2002. Originally published as D5949–96. Last previous edition D5949–96.
´1
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5949–01 .
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 05.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5949–08
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 no-flow point, n— in petroleum products,thetemperatureofthetestspecimenatwhichawaxcrystalstructureorviscosity
increase, or both, impedes movement of the surface of the test specimen under the conditions of the test.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Theno-flowpointoccurswhen,uponcooling,theformationofwaxcrystalstructuresorviscosityincrease,
or both, has progressed to the point where the applied observation device no longer detects movement under the conditions of the
test. The preceding observation temperature, at which flow of the test specimen is last observed, is the pour point.
3.2.2 pulse, n—a controlled burst of nitrogen gas of a fixed pressure and flow rate sufficie
...
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