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ASTM D2247-15(2020)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative Humidity

Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative Humidity

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Water can cause the degradation of coatings, so knowledge of how a coating resists water is helpful for assessing how it will perform in actual service. Failure in tests at 100 % relative humidity may be caused by a number of factors including a deficiency in the coating itself, contamination of the substrate, or inadequate surface preparation. This practice is therefore useful for evaluating coatings alone or complete coating systems.  
4.2 Tests at 100 % relative humidity are used for specification acceptance, quality control, and research and development for coatings and substrate treatments. Some tests are used for a pass or fail determination at an arbitrary time. A coating system is considered to pass if there is no evidence of water-related failure after a period of time. Other tests are used to monitor degree of failure as a function of exposure time.  
4.2.1 Arbitrary pass/fail levels and the test durations required are typically set in other material specific test methods. Users of this practice alone may use the known performance of the controls to set test end points. Another option is to continue the test until all specimens have failed, and use the time to reach failure as a way to differentiate performance.  
4.3 Results obtained from the use of 100 % humidity tests in accordance with this practice should not be represented as being equivalent to a period of exposure to water in the natural environment, until the degree of quantitative correlation has been established for the coating or coating system.  
4.4 The test chamber can be a small laboratory cabinet or a room large enough to hold an automobile or a truck. Some automobile manufacturers test completed vehicles in rooms maintained at 100 % relative humidity. Corrosion tests can be conducted, as the condensate dripping off the test articles in not recirculated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operating procedures for testing water resistance of coatings by exposing coated specimens in an atmosphere maintained at 100 % relative humidity so that condensation forms on all surfaces of test specimens.  
1.2 This practice uses the technique of creating a slight temperature differential within the exposure area to form condensation on the coated specimens. As the warmer saturated air passes the cooler specimens, water is deposited onto the specimens in the form of condensation.  
1.3 This practice places the entire specimen in the exposure area allowing condensation to form on all surfaces. This makes this practice suitable for flat panels as well as large or 3D objects. This practice differs from other methods where condensation is only formed on the front coating surface, while the back surface is outside the exposure area. Other tests may also deposit water droplets on the surface but where the source is not from condensation (for example, water spray).
Note 1: Alternative practices for testing the water resistance of coatings include Practices D870, D1735, and D4585.  
1.4 This practice is limited to the methods of obtaining, measuring, and controlling the conditions and procedures of tests conducted in 100 % relative humidity. It does not specify specimen preparation, or evaluation of results.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Org...

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-May-2020
ICS
87.040 - Paints and varnishes
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.27 - Accelerated Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D1730-09(2020) - Standard Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Refers
ASTM D870-15(2020) - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Immersion
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Referred By
ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Referred By
ASTM D1735-21 - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Fog Apparatus
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Referred By
ASTM D3730-17(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Referred By
ASTM F1428-23 - Standard Specification for Aluminum Particle-Filled Basecoat/Organic or Inorganic Topcoat, Corrosion Protective Coatings for Fasteners
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Referred By
ASTM D2649-20a - Standard Test Method for Corrosion Characteristics of Solid Film Lubricants
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020

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ASTM D2247-15(2020) - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative HumidityASTM D2247-15(2020) - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative Humidity
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ASTM D2247-15(2020) - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative Humidity
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2247 − 15 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practice for
Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative
1
Humidity
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2247; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operating
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
procedures for testing water resistance of coatings by exposing
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
coated specimens in an atmosphere maintained at 100 %
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
relative humidity so that condensation forms on all surfaces of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
test specimens.
1.2 This practice uses the technique of creating a slight
2. Referenced Documents
temperature differential within the exposure area to form
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
condensation on the coated specimens. As the warmer satu-
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
rated air passes the cooler specimens, water is deposited onto
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
the specimens in the form of condensation.
Related Coating Products
1.3 This practice places the entire specimen in the exposure
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
area allowing condensation to form on all surfaces.This makes
Steel Surfaces
this practice suitable for flat panels as well as large or 3D
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
objects. This practice differs from other methods where con-
Paints
densationisonlyformedonthefrontcoatingsurface,whilethe
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
back surface is outside the exposure area. Other tests may also
of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
deposit water droplets on the surface but where the source is
D870 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings
not from condensation (for example, water spray).
Using Water Immersion
NOTE 1—Alternative practices for testing the water resistance of
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
coatings include Practices D870, D1735, and D4585.
D1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or Coated
1.4 This practice is limited to the methods of obtaining,
Specimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments
measuring, and controlling the conditions and procedures of
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and
tests conducted in 100 % relative humidity. It does not specify
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
specimen preparation, or evaluation of results.
D1735 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the Using Water Fog Apparatus
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information D2616 Test Method for Evaluation of Visual Color Differ-
only. ence With a Gray Scale
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3
(Withdrawn 2020)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Portable Adhesion Testers
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D2247 – 15. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D2247-15R20. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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